阅读说明：本技术 一种基于激光快速成形sla 3d打印技术的陶瓷质牙冠制备方法 (Ceramic dental crown preparation method based on laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology ) 是由 郝立顺 于 2019-11-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于激光快速成形SLA 3D打印技术的陶瓷质牙冠制备方法,属于增材制造技术领域,其采用激光快速成形SLA 3D打印技术可实现大规模个性化生产和形态复杂要求精度高的牙冠生产,还减省了传统机加工陶瓷牙冠的工序,缩短加工周期,并且不受传统机加工中刀具无法到达某些型面的限制,可以加工形状复杂或者多单位的陶瓷质牙冠,显著提高打印效率,并且实现大规模个性化生产和形态复杂要求精度高的生产；同时可以避免患者采用烤瓷牙或金属牙修复后无法利用磁共振检查的问题,并且,所制备的陶瓷牙冠对牙龈无刺激、无腐蚀性,色泽自然且透光性良好,可以广泛应用于口腔义齿的修复。(The invention discloses a ceramic dental crown preparation method based on a laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology, which belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, can realize large-scale personalized production and dental crown production with complex shape and high precision requirement by adopting the laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology, also saves the working procedure of processing the ceramic dental crown by a traditional machine, shortens the processing period, is not limited by that a cutter cannot reach certain molded surfaces in the traditional machine, can process the ceramic dental crown with complex shape or multiple units, obviously improves the printing efficiency, and realizes the large-scale personalized production and the production with complex shape and high precision requirement; meanwhile, the problem that a patient cannot use magnetic resonance for inspection after adopting a porcelain tooth or a metal tooth for repair can be avoided, and the prepared ceramic dental crown has no stimulation and corrosiveness to gum, has natural color and good light transmittance, and can be widely applied to repair of an oral denture.)

1. A ceramic dental crown preparation method based on a laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: adopting intraoral scanning to directly obtain denture three-dimensional data or adopting a bin type scanner to scan a tooth model to obtain the denture three-dimensional data;

step 2: designing and modeling a dental crown to be repaired according to the dental prosthesis three-dimensional data, and slicing the dental crown three-dimensional data to form a CAD-STL file;

and step 3: and transmitting the CAD-STL data to a control system, and starting a3D printer to prepare the ceramic dental crown according to the CAD-STL data by adopting a laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology.

2. The method for preparing the ceramic dental crown according to the claim 1, wherein the starting 3D printer prepares the ceramic dental crown according to the CAD-STL data by adopting laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology, which comprises:

step 301, according to the CAD-STL data and the requirement of the cross-section profile, a laser emits laser beam spots to irradiate in ceramic slurry of a mixed photosensitive material, the ceramic slurry mixed with the photosensitive material is cured under the irradiation of the laser beam spots, the photosensitive material contacted with ultraviolet light is cured, so that the ceramic mixed slurry in the area is cured from a liquid state to form a current layer curing area, and further a cross-section layer film of the personalized dental crown is formed, wherein the thickness of the cross-section layer film is 0.025mm ~ 0.01.01 mm;

step 302: reducing the height of a forming workbench unit by unit along the vertical direction, and repeating the step 301, so that the personalized ceramic dental crown grows layer by layer, wherein each unit of reduced height of the forming workbench is equal to the thickness of the cross-section layer film;

step 303: and repeating the steps 301 and 302 until a whole personalized dental crown embryo is obtained, and then performing post-processing on the personalized dental crown embryo to obtain the finished ceramic dental crown.

3. The method for preparing a ceramic dental crown according to claim 2, wherein the post-treatment comprises high temperature sintering and removal of photosensitive material components in the ceramic mixed slurry, wherein the volume density of the ceramic dental crown after the post-treatment is 2.0 ~ 2.5.5 g/cm3, the room temperature compressive strength is 100 ~ 200MPa, the Vickers hardness is 8.0 ~ 10GPa, and the bending resistance is 1100 ~ 1300 MPa.

4. The method for preparing a ceramic dental crown according to claim 2, characterized in that said step 301 comprises in particular:

3011, uniformly mixing the ceramic powder with the light-cured resin to obtain a ceramic slurry with high solid content and low viscosity, and filling the ceramic slurry in a cylinder:

step 3012: when the forming process begins, the liftable workbench is positioned at the height of the thickness of a cross section layer below the liquid level, under the control of a computer control system, a laser scanning device comprising a laser and a laser scanning galvanometer emits 305nm or 455nm laser beam spots, the laser beam spots are scanned along the liquid level of the slurry according to the requirements of the cross section profile of the dental crown three-dimensional data, and the slurry in the scanned area is solidified, so that the cross section layer of the personalized dental crown with the cross section profile of 0.025 mm-0.01 mm is obtained;

step 3013: after the cross section tunic of present individualized dental crown solidifies, Z axle slider drives the height that one deck cross section tunic descends of shaping workstation, make the liquid level that adheres to the solidification layer on the shaping workstation break away from ceramic thick liquids, and liquid ceramic thick liquids surface is strickleed off by horizontal scraper blade, and resume to leveling, even horizontal plane state, the thick liquids thin layer that in order to realize the solidification just is covered by the new liquid thick liquids of one deck, so that carry out the solidification of second floor laser scanning, guarantee that the one deck jail of new solidification bonds on the previous deck, last one deck cross-section laser beam facula reacts with the mixed thick liquids of pottery, after the solidification is accomplished, form ceramic dental crown embryo.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a ceramic dental crown preparation method based on a laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology.

Background

The traditional false tooth manufacturing method has no change within more than 100 years, the tooth defect repair is mainly artificial repair, the efficiency is low, and the false tooth manufactured by hand is easy to have errors. In the traditional processing of ceramic (zirconia) dental crowns, zirconia powder is made into blocky zirconia through slip casting or hot die casting or tape casting, and then an individualized denture is designed and typeset on the blocky zirconia by using a computer-aided technology, zirconia is sintered for the second time, and the finished product of the individualized zirconia denture is obtained through post-treatment. The ceramic (zirconia) dental crown has high cost and low processing efficiency due to the reasons of complex process, long development period, insufficient utilization of materials and the like of the processing flow, and cannot realize large-scale personalized production and production with complex form and high precision.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a ceramic dental crown preparation method based on a laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology, the laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology can realize large-scale personalized production and dental crown production with complex shape and high precision, the problem that a patient cannot use magnetic resonance for inspection after adopting porcelain teeth or metal teeth for repair can be solved, and the prepared ceramic dental crown has no stimulation and corrosivity to gum, natural color and good light transmittance, and can be widely applied to the repair of an oral denture. The technical scheme is as follows:

in a first aspect, a ceramic dental crown preparation method based on a laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology is provided, the ceramic dental crown preparation method comprising:

step 1: adopting intraoral scanning to directly obtain denture three-dimensional data or adopting a bin type scanner to scan a tooth model to obtain the denture three-dimensional data;

step 2: designing and modeling a dental crown to be repaired according to the dental prosthesis three-dimensional data, and slicing the dental crown three-dimensional data to form a CAD-STL file;

and step 3: and transmitting the CAD-STL data to a control system, and starting a3D printer to prepare the ceramic dental crown according to the CAD-STL data by adopting a laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology.

Optionally, the starting of the 3D printer adopts a laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology to prepare the ceramic dental crown according to the CAD-STL data, which specifically includes:

step 301, according to the CAD-STL data and the requirement of the cross-section profile, a laser emits laser beam spots to irradiate in ceramic slurry of a mixed photosensitive material, the ceramic slurry mixed with the photosensitive material is cured under the irradiation of the laser beam spots, the photosensitive material contacted with ultraviolet light is cured, so that the ceramic mixed slurry in the area is cured from a liquid state to form a current layer curing area, and further a cross-section layer film of the personalized dental crown is formed, wherein the thickness of the cross-section layer film is 0.025mm ~ 0.01.01 mm;

step 302: reducing the height of a forming workbench unit by unit along the vertical direction, and repeating the step 301, so that the personalized ceramic dental crown grows layer by layer, wherein each unit of reduced height of the forming workbench is equal to the thickness of the cross-section layer film;

step 303: and repeating the steps 301 and 302 until a whole personalized dental crown embryo is obtained, and then performing post-processing on the personalized dental crown embryo to obtain the finished ceramic dental crown.

Optionally, the post-processing includes high-temperature sintering and removal of photosensitive material components in the ceramic mixed slurry, wherein the volume density of the ceramic dental crown after the post-processing is 2.0 ~ 2.5.5 g/cm3, the normal-temperature compressive strength is 100 ~ 200MPa, the vickers hardness is 8.0 ~ 10GPa, and the bending resistance is 1100 ~ 1300 MPa.

Optionally, step 301 specifically includes:

3011, uniformly mixing the ceramic powder with the light-cured resin to obtain a ceramic slurry with high solid content and low viscosity, and filling the ceramic slurry in a cylinder:

step 3012: when the forming process begins, the lifting workbench is positioned at the height of the thickness of a cross section layer below the liquid level, under the control of a computer control system, a laser scanning device comprising a laser and a laser scanning galvanometer emits a laser beam of 305nm or 455nm, the laser beam scans along the liquid level of the slurry according to the requirement of the cross section profile of the dental crown three-dimensional data, and the slurry in the scanned area is solidified, so that the cross section layer of the personalized dental crown with the cross section profile of 0.025 mm-0.01 mm is obtained;

step 3013: after the cross section tunic of present individualized dental crown solidifies, Z axle slider drives the height that one deck cross section tunic descends of shaping workstation, make the liquid level that adheres to the solidification layer on the shaping workstation break away from ceramic thick liquids, and liquid ceramic thick liquids surface is strickleed off by horizontal scraper blade, and resume to leveling, even horizontal plane state, the thick liquids thin layer that in order to realize the solidification just is covered by the new liquid thick liquids of one deck, so that carry out the solidification of second floor laser scanning, guarantee that the one deck jail of new solidification bonds on the previous deck, last one deck cross-section laser beam facula reacts with the mixed thick liquids of pottery, after the solidification is accomplished, form ceramic dental crown embryo.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the ceramic dental crown preparation method based on the laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology provided by the embodiment of the invention, the laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology is adopted to realize large-scale personalized production and dental crown production with complex shape and high precision requirement, the process of traditional machining of the ceramic dental crown is also saved, the machining period is shortened, the limit that a cutter cannot reach certain molded surfaces in the traditional machining is avoided, the ceramic dental crown with complex shape or multiple units can be machined, the printing efficiency is obviously improved, and the large-scale personalized production and the production with complex shape and high precision requirement are realized; meanwhile, the problem that a patient cannot use magnetic resonance for inspection after adopting a porcelain tooth or a metal tooth for repair can be avoided, and the prepared ceramic dental crown has no stimulation and corrosiveness to gum, has natural color and good light transmittance, and can be widely applied to repair of an oral denture.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a ceramic dental crown based on a laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a ceramic dental crown based on a laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a ceramic dental crown based on a laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic workflow diagram of a ceramic crown preparation method based on a laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A method for preparing a ceramic dental crown based on a laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technique according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 ~ and fig. 5.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, a method for preparing a ceramic dental crown based on a laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

step 1: the false tooth three-dimensional data is directly obtained by scanning in the oral cavity or is obtained by scanning a tooth model by a bin type scanner.

It should be noted that the method for acquiring the denture data to be repaired of the patient includes, but is not limited to, directly obtaining the denture three-dimensional data by using an intra-oral scan and obtaining the denture three-dimensional data by using a bin scanner to scan the tooth model.

Step 2: and designing and modeling the dental crown to be repaired according to the three-dimensional data of the artificial tooth, and slicing the three-dimensional data of the dental crown to form a CAD-STL file.

And step 3: the CAD-STL data is communicated to the control system and the 3D printer is initiated to prepare ceramic crowns from the CAD-STL data using laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing techniques.

The ceramic dental crown prepared by the embodiment of the invention has biocompatibility superior to that of a porcelain tooth and a metal tooth, has no stimulation to gum, no corrosion, natural color and light transmission, and can be widely applied to the repair of an oral denture.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2, step 3 includes the following steps:

step 301, according to the CAD-STL data and the requirement of the cross-section profile, a laser emits laser beam spots to irradiate in ceramic slurry of a mixed photosensitive material, the ceramic slurry mixed with the photosensitive material is cured under the irradiation of the laser beam spots, the photosensitive material contacted with ultraviolet light is cured, so that the ceramic mixed slurry in the area is cured from a liquid state to form a current layer curing area, and further a cross-section layer film of the personalized dental crown is formed, wherein the thickness of the cross-section layer film is 0.025mm ~ 0.01.01 mm;

step 302: reducing the height of a forming workbench unit by unit along the vertical direction, and repeating the step 301, so that the personalized ceramic dental crown grows layer by layer, wherein each unit of reduced height of the forming workbench is equal to the thickness of the cross-section layer film;

and 303, repeating the steps 301 and 302 until a whole personalized dental crown blank is obtained, and performing post-processing on the personalized dental crown blank to obtain the finished ceramic dental crown, wherein the post-processing comprises high-temperature sintering and removal of photosensitive material components in the ceramic mixed slurry, and the volume density of the ceramic dental crown after the post-processing is 2.0 ~ 2.5.5 g/cm3, the normal-temperature compressive strength is 100 ~ 200MPa, the Vickers hardness is 8.0 ~ 10GPa, and the bending resistance is 1100 ~ 1300 MPa.

Referring to fig. 3, the execution of step 301 includes the following steps:

3011, uniformly mixing the ceramic powder with the light-cured resin to obtain a ceramic slurry with high solid content and low viscosity, and filling the ceramic slurry in a cylinder:

step 3012: when the forming process begins, the lifting workbench is positioned at the height of the thickness of a cross section layer below the liquid level, under the control of a computer control system, a laser scanning device comprising a laser and a laser scanning galvanometer emits a laser beam of 305nm or 455nm, the laser beam scans along the liquid level of the slurry according to the requirement of the cross section profile of the dental crown three-dimensional data, and the slurry in the scanned area is solidified, so that the cross section layer of the personalized dental crown with the cross section profile of 0.025 mm-0.01 mm is obtained;

step 3013: after the cross section tunic of present individualized dental crown solidifies, Z axle slider drives the height that one deck cross section tunic descends of shaping workstation, make the liquid level that adheres to the solidification layer on the shaping workstation break away from ceramic thick liquids, and liquid ceramic thick liquids surface is strickleed off by horizontal scraper blade, and resume to leveling, even horizontal plane state, the thick liquids thin layer that in order to realize the solidification just is covered by the new liquid thick liquids of one deck, so that carry out the solidification of second floor laser scanning, guarantee that the one deck jail of new solidification bonds on the previous deck, last one deck cross-section laser beam facula reacts with the mixed thick liquids of pottery, after the solidification is accomplished, form ceramic dental crown embryo.

The laser rapid prototyping (abbreviated as SLA) technique is the solidification of a single layer by scanning exposure of a laser. And focusing and irradiating the ceramic photosensitive resin mixed liquid in the material cylinder by ultraviolet laser beams according to the designed section of the original part layer, solidifying point by point, point by line, and surface by line. After solidifying into the face through xy direction, through the removal of elevating platform in the z axle direction, overlap layer upon layer and accomplish 3D and print ceramic dental crown, the concrete realization process is as follows:

1) when preparing the ceramic dental crown, firstly, ceramic powder is uniformly mixed with light-cured resin to obtain ceramic slurry 4 with high solid content and low viscosity:

2) then the ceramic slurry 4 is filled in the cylinder 3:

3) when the forming process starts, the liftable worktable 2 is positioned at the height of the thickness of one section layer below the liquid level, under the control of a computer, a laser scanning device comprises a laser 6 and a laser scanning galvanometer to emit a laser beam with the thickness of 305nm or 455nm, the laser beam scans along the liquid level of the slurry according to the requirement of the section profile, and the slurry in the scanned area is solidified, so that a thin layer film with the cross section profile between 0.025mm and 0.01mm is obtained, the thicker the layer thickness is, the lower the forming precision is, and the higher the forming precision is otherwise;

4) after the current layer is solidified, the Z-axis slide block drives the forming workbench 2 to descend by the height of a layer of thin-layer film, so that the solidified layer attached to the forming workbench 2 is separated from the liquid level of the ceramic slurry;

5) the surface of the liquid ceramic slurry is strickled by a horizontal scraper 1 and is restored to a flat and uniform horizontal plane state;

6) the Z-axis sliding block drives the forming workbench 2 to descend, so that the descending is stopped when the solidified layer is in contact with the ceramic slurry liquid interface;

7) covering a thin layer of the solidified slurry with a new layer of liquid slurry so as to carry out a second layer of laser scanning solidification, firmly adhering the newly solidified layer to the previous layer, repeating the photocuring operation of supplying the ceramic slurry and the laser galvanometer system, and forming the personalized dental crown blank 5 layer by layer:

8) and finally, lifting the workbench 2 to lift the surface of the liquid slurry, taking out the workpiece, cleaning, removing the support to form a ceramic dental crown blank combined with a high polymer, and degreasing and sintering to obtain the required ceramic dental crown.

Specifically, referring to fig. 5, a dental model of a patient's oral cavity is obtained from a dental clinic or a hospital, and then a bin-type scanner is used to scan and acquire three-dimensional data of the oral cavity of the patient or the oral cavity of the patient is directly scanned by the oral cavity scanner to acquire three-dimensional data of the oral cavity of the patient, and the three-dimensional data file is saved. According to the three-dimensional data and according to the requirements of doctors, dental crown design and modeling are carried out, then a CAD-STL file is formed, and the three-dimensional data file and the CAD-STL file are saved again. Inputting the CAD-STL file into a3D printer, starting the 3D printer to perform related preparation work, then enabling laser beam spots to react with the ceramic mixed slurry, enabling the solidified layer to be separated from the liquid level of the ceramic mixed slurry after the current layer is solidified, enabling the ceramic slurry to be scraped flatly and then to recover to a horizontal plane state, enabling the solidified layer to be located below the liquid level of the ceramic mixed slurry, circulating the process until the laser beam spots on the last layer of cross section react with the ceramic mixed slurry, and taking out the ceramic crown blank after the ceramic crown blank is solidified. And performing post-treatment on the ceramic crown blank, wherein the post-treatment comprises high-temperature sintering and degreasing of the ceramic crown blank or final formation of a compact-form ceramic. And finally, comparing and detecting the finished dental crown with the data required by the patient, repeating the cycle to manufacture the dental crown again if the finished dental crown is not qualified, and trying the dental crown and the patient if the finished dental crown is qualified. If the trial wearing is not problematic, the ceramic crown is determined to be qualified, and the manufacturing process is finished.

According to the ceramic dental crown preparation method based on the laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology provided by the embodiment of the invention, the laser rapid prototyping SLA3D printing technology is adopted to realize large-scale personalized production and dental crown production with complex shape and high precision requirement, the process of traditional machining of the ceramic dental crown is also saved, the machining period is shortened, the limit that a cutter cannot reach certain molded surfaces in the traditional machining is avoided, the ceramic dental crown with complex shape or multiple units can be machined, the printing efficiency is obviously improved, and the large-scale personalized production and the production with complex shape and high precision requirement are realized; meanwhile, the problem that a patient cannot use magnetic resonance for inspection after adopting a porcelain tooth or a metal tooth for repair can be avoided, and the prepared ceramic dental crown has no stimulation and corrosiveness to gum, has natural color and good light transmittance, and can be widely applied to repair of an oral denture.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.