阅读说明：本技术 一种稀有金属矿伴生铌钽的有效回收工艺 (Effective recovery process for associated niobium and tantalum in rare metal ore ) 是由 杨敏 于 2019-10-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种稀有金属矿伴生铌钽的有效回收工艺,方法步骤如下,步骤1.磨矿；步骤2.脱矿泥云母作业；步骤3.尼尔森选矿机重选；步骤4.弱磁选；步骤5.高梯度磁选；步骤6.摇床重选；步骤7.酸溶,得到铌钽精矿与酸溶物。与现有技术相比,本发明针对现有技术在稀有金属锂辉石矿中伴生铌钽矿物综合回收方面存在的不足,提供一种设备数量少、设备规格小、能耗低、占地面积小、流程单一、管理简单、过程稳定、铌钽回收指标高的选冶回收工艺。(The invention discloses an effective recovery process of associated niobium and tantalum in rare metal ores, which comprises the following steps of 1, grinding ores; step 2, desliming mica operation; step 3, reselecting a Nielsen concentrator; step 4, low intensity magnetic separation; step 5, high gradient magnetic separation; step 6, reselecting the shaking table; and 7, acid dissolution to obtain niobium-tantalum concentrate and an acid soluble substance. Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the smelting recovery process with small equipment quantity, small equipment specification, low energy consumption, small occupied area, single flow, simple management, stable process and high niobium-tantalum recovery index aiming at the defects of the prior art in the comprehensive recovery of associated niobium-tantalum minerals in rare metal spodumene ores.)

1. An effective recovery process of associated niobium and tantalum in rare metal ores is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of,

1, grinding, namely crushing and grinding a rare metal ore raw ore associated with niobium-tantalum minerals to ore pulp with the particle size of-0.074 mm accounting for 35-55%;

step 2, desliming mica operation, wherein ore pulp after ore grinding is reselected by adopting a spiral chute to obtain a slime mica product and a slime mica removed product;

step 3, reselecting by a Nielsen concentrator, reselecting the product without slime mica obtained by reselecting the spiral chute by the Nielsen concentrator to obtain a niobium-tantalum heavy mineral product and a light product;

step 4, performing low-intensity magnetic separation, namely performing low-intensity magnetic separation on the niobium-tantalum heavy mineral product obtained by reselection of a Nielsen concentrator to obtain a low-intensity magnetic niobium-tantalum mineral product and a strong magnetic mineral product;

step 5, high-gradient magnetic separation, namely performing high-gradient magnetic separation on the low-magnetism niobium-tantalum mineral product obtained by the low-magnetism magnetic separation to obtain a low-magnetism niobium-tantalum mineral product and a non-magnetic product;

step 6, performing table reselection, namely performing table reselection on the high-gradient magnetic separation weak-magnetic niobium-tantalum mineral product to obtain table heavy minerals and table light minerals;

and 7, acid dissolution, namely performing acid dissolution on the heavy mineral product of the shaking table to obtain niobium-tantalum concentrate and an acid soluble substance.

2. The process for effectively recovering niobium and tantalum associated with rare metal ores as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in the step 1, the concentration of the ground ore is 55-65%.

3. The process for effectively recovering niobium and tantalum associated with rare metal ores as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: and (4) combining the slime mica product, the Nielsen light product, the high-gradient nonmagnetic product and the table shaking light mineral obtained in the steps (2), (3), (5) and (6) and carrying out spodumene ore sorting operation.

4. The process for effectively recovering niobium and tantalum associated with rare metal ores as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in step 4, low-intensity magnetic separation is carried out at the magnetic field intensity of 199 kA/m.

5. The process for effectively recovering niobium and tantalum associated with rare metal ores as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: and in the step 5, performing high-gradient magnetic separation at the magnetic field intensity of more than 636 kA/m.

6. The process for effectively recovering niobium and tantalum associated with rare metal ores as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in step 7, boiling the table concentrator heavy mineral product for 2-4 hours in a 1:1 hydrochloric acid-solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 to obtain niobium-tantalum concentrate and acid soluble substances.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a dressing and smelting process, in particular to an effective recovery process of associated niobium and tantalum in rare metal ores.

Background

Niobium and tantalum have a large number of excellent characteristics and wide application range, are national strategic resources and play an important role in various fields related to national civilization. The niobium and tantalum resources in China are small, the demand is large, and the niobium and tantalum price is high. The yield of niobium and tantalum in China is low, and the self-sufficiency rate is low.

A large amount of niobium-tantalum minerals are associated in pegmatite type spodumene ores in the western Sichuan region of China. Wherein the associated substance in large spodumene ore deposit such as methylcarba and MarkovNb₂O₅The content is about 0.012% (converted into Nb)₂O₅About 13000 tons), Ta₂O₅The content is about 0.008% (converted to Ta)₂O₅About 6400 tons) and has comprehensive utilization value. Associated niobium-tantalum ore mainly exists in the form of niobium-iron ore and tantalum-iron ore in the western Sichuan region, the tantalum-niobium ore can be comprehensively recovered theoretically, but because the ore in the region has complex components, low raw ore grade and more mud, associated niobium-tantalum resources are not effectively recycled all the time, and great resource waste is caused. Therefore, the novel technical research of the associated niobium-tantalum ore dressing in the type of rare metal spodumene ore is developed, the associated niobium-tantalum ore is efficiently utilized, the comprehensive utilization rate of resources is improved, and the method has important economic and social benefits.

The common relatively mature mineral separation process for recovering associated niobium-tantalum minerals in rare metal spodumene ores is gravity separation-magnetic separation-flotation. Wherein, the gravity separation operation adopts the combination of a chute and a shaking table, and the internal flow of the gravity separation operation comprises classification operation, ore pulp distribution operation, concentration operation and scavenging operation; flotation involves operations such as roughing, scavenging, fine selection and the like. The gravity separation-magnetic separation-flotation process has the advantages of numerous required equipment, large equipment specification, high energy consumption, large occupied area, large management difficulty, poor stability in the production process and low recovery rate of niobium and tantalum.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an effective recovery process of niobium and tantalum associated with rare metal ores, which solves the problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an effective recovery process of associated niobium and tantalum of rare metal ores, which comprises the following steps,

step 1, grinding, namely crushing raw ore associated with niobium-tantalum minerals and grinding the crushed raw ore until the size of the raw ore is minus 0.074mm and the raw ore accounts for 35-55%, so that the niobium-tantalum minerals are fully dissociated from other minerals and cannot be over-ground, and the grinding concentration is 55-65%.

Step 2, performing desliming mica operation, namely reselecting the ore pulp subjected to ore grinding by adopting a spiral chute to obtain a desliming mica product and a desliming mica product, and reselecting by adopting the spiral chute to remove the desliming mica product and the mica product; the removal of the slime avoids interference of subsequent sorting operations due to slime flocks, and the removal of the mica avoids blocking of the Nielsen concentrator and the high-gradient magnetic separator by the flaky mica.

Step 3, reselecting by a Nielsen concentrator, reselecting the product without slime mica obtained by reselecting by a spiral chute by the Nielsen concentrator to obtain a niobium-tantalum heavy mineral product and a quartz feldspar light product, replacing a large number of chute shaking tables by the Nielsen concentrator with a small number for 1 to 3 times of unfractionated gravity concentration operation, discarding more than 90 percent of tailings at one time, and avoiding the problems of large production fluctuation, large niobium-tantalum recovery rate loss and the like caused by the operations of classified entry, multiple concentration, multiple scavenging and the like of the chute shaking tables with the large number;

step 4, carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation on the niobium-tantalum heavy mineral product obtained by reselection of the Nielsen concentrator to obtain a low-intensity magnetic niobium-tantalum mineral product, and magnetite and mechanical iron type iron ferromagnetic product, wherein before high-gradient magnetic separation, the low-intensity magnetic separation is used for removing iron, so that the interference of magnetite and mechanical iron type iron with higher specific gravity on the separation of target component niobium-tantalum minerals is avoided, and the problem of blockage of the high-gradient magnetic separator can be effectively solved;

step 5, high-gradient magnetic separation, namely performing high-gradient magnetic separation on the low-magnetism niobium-tantalum mineral product obtained by the low-magnetism magnetic separation to obtain the low-magnetism niobium-tantalum mineral product and quartz feldspar non-magnetic products, and effectively separating the low-magnetism niobium-tantalum mineral from the non-magnetic mineral by the magnetic separation operation of a high-gradient magnetic separator;

step 6, performing table concentrator reselection, namely performing table concentrator reselection on the high-gradient magnetic separation weak-magnetic niobium-tantalum mineral product to obtain table concentrator niobium-tantalum heavy minerals and quartz feldspar type table concentrator light minerals, and performing table concentrator operation to separate out impurities which are mixed in the high-gradient magnetic separation concentrate and have relatively light specific gravity;

and 7, acid dissolution, namely performing acid dissolution on the heavy niobium-tantalum mineral product of the shaking table to obtain niobium-tantalum concentrate and an acid soluble substance, and dissolving a plurality of impurity elements such as iron, manganese and the like by the acid dissolution operation to further improve the content of the niobium-tantalum mineral.

Preferably, the slime mica product, the Nielsen light product, the high-gradient nonmagnetic product and the table light mineral obtained in the steps 2, 3, 5 and 6 are combined to enter a spodumene ore sorting operation for recycling the spodumene ore.

Preferably, in step 4, low-intensity magnetic separation is performed at a magnetic field strength of 199kA/m to remove magnetite and mechanical ferruginous substances.

Preferably, in the step 5, high-gradient magnetic separation is carried out at the magnetic field intensity of more than 636kA/m, so that the niobium-tantalum mineral with weaker magnetism is separated from the quartz feldspar non-magnetic mineral, and the recovery rate of the niobium-tantalum mineral is ensured.

Preferably, in step 7, the shaking table niobium-tantalum heavy mineral product is boiled for 2-4 hours in a 1:1 hydrochloric acid-solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, so that a plurality of impurity elements such as iron, manganese and the like in the niobium-tantalum heavy mineral are fully reacted in sufficient hydrochloric acid, splashing of solids in the boiling process is avoided, and finally, niobium-tantalum concentrate and acid soluble substances are obtained.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: aiming at the defects of the prior art in the comprehensive recovery of associated niobium and tantalum minerals in rare metal spodumene ores, the smelting recovery process is small in equipment quantity, small in equipment specification, low in energy consumption, small in occupied area, single in flow, simple in management, stable in process and high in niobium and tantalum recovery index.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained below.