阅读说明：本技术 一种沥青铀矿的浮选捕收剂及其应用 (Flotation collector for uranium asphalt ore and application thereof ) 是由 李春风 刘志超 李广 强录德 马嘉 唐宝彬 于 2019-05-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于选矿技术领域,具体涉及一种沥青铀矿的浮选捕收剂及其应用。本发明以8-羟基喹啉作为捕收剂,异辛醇磷酸酯作为辅助捕收剂,矿石中沥青铀矿为浮选目的矿物。通过浮选可以将沥青铀矿富集,浮选原矿铀品位0.127％时,经过一次浮选,浮选精矿的铀品位可达0.5％左右,同时浮选尾矿铀品位可降至0.1％以下,浮选作业铀回收率最高可达69.65％。通过浮选可以将铀品位富集3～4倍,得到的浮选精矿量是浮选原矿的10％～20％。由此可见,原矿经本发明的方法浮选后,可以在较高回收率的前提下,显著提高铀品位和降低矿石量,可以降低水冶处理量和试剂,节约及水电等成本,提高经济效益。(The invention belongs to the technical field of ore dressing, and particularly relates to a flotation collector for uranium asphalt ores and application thereof. The invention takes 8-hydroxyquinoline as a collecting agent, isooctanol phosphate as an auxiliary collecting agent, and uranite in ore as a flotation target mineral. The uranium ore of asphalt can be enriched by flotation, when the uranium grade of the raw ore of flotation is 0.127%, the uranium grade of the flotation concentrate can reach about 0.5% by one-time flotation, meanwhile, the uranium grade of the flotation tailings can be reduced to be below 0.1%, and the uranium recovery rate in the flotation operation can reach 69.65% to the maximum. Uranium grade can be enriched by 3-4 times through flotation, and the obtained flotation concentrate amount is 10% -20% of that of flotation raw ore. Therefore, after the raw ore is floated by the method, the grade of uranium can be obviously improved, the ore quantity can be obviously reduced on the premise of higher recovery rate, the hydrometallurgy treatment capacity and reagents can be reduced, the cost of water, electricity and the like is saved, and the economic benefit is improved.)

1. A flotation collector for uranium asphalt ores is characterized in that: the collector is 8-hydroxyquinoline, and the molecule is C₉H₇NO。

2. The application of the flotation collector for uranium asphalt ores is characterized in that: 8-hydroxyquinoline is used as a collecting agent, isooctanol phosphate is used as an auxiliary collecting agent, and the uranite in the ore is used as a flotation target mineral.

3. Use of a collector for the flotation of uranium bituminous ore according to claim 2, characterised in that: the method for preparing the 8-hydroxyquinoline into the solution by using the ethanol before use and utilizing the 8-hydroxyquinoline to float the uraninite comprises the following steps:

the first step is as follows: finely grinding the ores;

the second step is that: mixing pulp, namely putting the ground pulp into a flotation machine, adjusting the concentration of the pulp to be 5% -50%, the temperature of the pulp to be 10-60 ℃, and adjusting the pH of the pulp to be 6-11;

the third step: adding a collector, and adding a solution of the collector 8-hydroxyquinoline into the ore pulp, wherein the using amount of the collector is 250-4000 g/t relative to that of raw ore for flotation; stirring for 1-10 min to enable the 8-hydroxyquinoline to fully act with the uraninite, enhance the hydrophobicity of the surface of the mineral and enable the uraninite to easily float upwards;

the fourth step: adding an auxiliary collecting agent, adding isooctanol phosphate serving as the auxiliary collecting agent after the third step, wherein the using amount of the isooctanol phosphate is 5% -30% of that of 8-hydroxyquinoline, and stirring to enable the isooctanol phosphate and the 8-hydroxyquinoline to be fully adsorbed on the surface of the mineral;

the fifth step: adding foaming agent, adding foaming agent MIBC or No. 2 oil after the fourth step to make the foaming agent and mineral fully act;

and a sixth step: and (3) inflating and floating, opening an air inlet valve of a flotation machine, generating a large amount of bubbles in the flotation tank, and floating the asphalt uranium ore adhered to the bubbles after the action of the medicament on the surface of ore pulp to scrape out the foam to obtain uranium concentrate.

4. Use of a collector for uranium bituminous ore according to claim 3, characterised in that: before use, 8-hydroxyquinoline is prepared into a solution with the mass concentration of 0.1-10% by ethanol.

5. Use of a collector for uranium bituminous ore according to claim 3, characterised in that: the first step is as follows: and (3) finely grinding the ore, wherein the grinding mass concentration is 10-80%, and obtaining ore pulp with the particle size fraction of-0.043 mm accounting for 20% -100%.

6. Use of a collector for uranium bituminous ore according to claim 3, characterised in that: the second step is as follows: addition of H₂SO₄And NaOH is used for adjusting the pH value of the ore pulp to 6-11.

7. Use of a collector for uranium bituminous ore according to claim 3, characterised in that: the fourth step is as follows: stirring for 2-6 min.

8. Use of a collector for uranium bituminous ore according to claim 3, characterised in that: the fifth step is as follows: adding the foaming agent in an amount of 0-300 g/t.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ore dressing, and particularly relates to a flotation collector for uranium asphalt ores and application thereof.

Background

Uranium is a strategic resource in the global scope and also an important raw material for cleaning energy and nuclear energy. The uranium ore resources in China are poor in innate endowment, and most of the proven resources have the characteristics of low grade, high content of harmful minerals, difficult recovery of associated resources and the like. In order to ensure the economy of the uranium extraction process, the ore needs to be pre-enriched or decontaminated by mineral separation. The flotation process has unique advantages in the pre-concentration of ores with complex mineral composition and fine granularity by virtue of the characteristics of the flotation process.

The uranium asphalt ore is a common uranium mineral and is widely distributed in uranium ore deposits in China. However, a breakthrough has not been made for a long time aiming at the pre-enrichment process before leaching of the ore containing the uranium and asphalt ore in the low-grade uranium deposit. The problems of large treatment capacity and high acid consumption cost of the subsequent hydrometallurgy process are difficult to solve, and the economic development of uranium resources in China, particularly low-grade uranium resources, is restricted.

Flotation is widely applied to most metal ores, good economic benefits are obtained, but the flotation is less applied to uranium ore dressing. The reason for this mainly includes two factors: (1) uranium does not exist in the form of independent uranium minerals in ores, but mainly exists in the form of ions, homogeneous phases or ultra-microscopic inclusion in a dispersion adsorption state, and the embedding characteristics of uranium cause difficulty in enrichment by flotation; (2) an effective uranium ore flotation agent is not found, the selected flotation agent has small collecting capacity and poor selectivity on uranium minerals or uranium-containing minerals, and the uranium minerals and gangue minerals are difficult to separate and enrich through flotation.

For ore flotation of independent uranium minerals (such as uraninite), previous research work is mainly carried out around the process of reverse flotation of uranium minerals, and the research on flotation technology of forward flotation of uraninite is less. The reverse flotation process is to preferentially float gangue minerals to remove harmful gangue minerals and pre-enrich uranium, but uranium in the ores is poor in enrichment effect, high in tailing yield and not obvious in effect of reducing treatment capacity and improving hydrometallurgy economy. The flotation collector for minerals has various types, and the common collector for oxidized ores mainly comprises an organic acid collector and an amine collector, and also comprises a two-type collector. The research on beneficiation reagents for uranium ore flotation is less, only gangue minerals such as sulfate minerals and carbonate minerals in reverse flotation uranium and asphalt ore flotation are reported, and no report is found in forward flotation uranium and asphalt ore flotation. The method has important significance in researching the efficient collecting agent and the flotation method of the pitch uranium ores widely distributed in the uranium ore deposit by combining the characteristics of the uranium ores in China.

Most of uranium ores in China have the characteristics of low grade, more harmful minerals and the like, and production problems of high leached acid consumption, large treatment capacity, low economic benefit and the like are often caused. The beneficiation cost is far lower than the hydrometallurgy cost, the pre-enrichment of uranium minerals can be realized through the beneficiation process, most tailings are discarded, harmful gangue minerals are removed, and high-grade uranium concentrate is obtained. Therefore, the ore amount entering the hydrometallurgy process is reduced, the mine productivity is increased, the leaching efficiency and the economical efficiency are improved, and the low-grade uranium deposit is developed and utilized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a flotation collector for uranium-asphalt ores and application thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a collector for uranium asphalt ore floatation is 8-hydroxyquinoline with molecule C₉H₇NO。

8-hydroxyquinoline is used as a collecting agent, isooctanol phosphate is used as an auxiliary collecting agent, and the uranite in the ore is used as a flotation target mineral.

The method for preparing the 8-hydroxyquinoline into the solution by using the ethanol before use and utilizing the 8-hydroxyquinoline to float the uraninite comprises the following steps:

the first step is as follows: finely grinding the ores;

the second step is that: mixing pulp, namely putting the ground pulp into a flotation machine, adjusting the concentration of the pulp to be 5% -50%, the temperature of the pulp to be 10-60 ℃, and adjusting the pH of the pulp to be 6-11;

the third step: adding a collector, and adding a solution of the collector 8-hydroxyquinoline into the ore pulp, wherein the using amount of the collector is 250-4000 g/t relative to that of raw ore for flotation; stirring for 1-10 min to enable the 8-hydroxyquinoline to fully act with the uraninite, enhance the hydrophobicity of the surface of the mineral and enable the uraninite to easily float upwards;

the fourth step: adding an auxiliary collecting agent, adding isooctanol phosphate serving as the auxiliary collecting agent after the third step, wherein the using amount of the isooctanol phosphate is 5% -30% of that of 8-hydroxyquinoline, and stirring to enable the isooctanol phosphate and the 8-hydroxyquinoline to be fully adsorbed on the surface of the mineral;

the fifth step: adding foaming agent, adding foaming agent MIBC or No. 2 oil after the fourth step to make the foaming agent and mineral fully act;

and a sixth step: and (3) inflating and floating, opening an air inlet valve of a flotation machine, generating a large amount of bubbles in the flotation tank, and floating the asphalt uranium ore adhered to the bubbles after the action of the medicament on the surface of ore pulp to scrape out the foam to obtain uranium concentrate.

Before use, 8-hydroxyquinoline is prepared into a solution with the mass concentration of 0.1-10% by ethanol.

The first step is as follows: and (3) finely grinding the ore, wherein the grinding mass concentration is 10-80%, and obtaining ore pulp with the particle size fraction of-0.043 mm accounting for 20% -100%.

The second step is as follows: addition of H₂SO₄And NaOH is used for adjusting the pH value of the ore pulp to 6-11.

The fourth step is as follows: stirring for 2-6 min.

The fifth step is as follows: adding the foaming agent in an amount of 0-300 g/t.

The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:

compared with other collectors for oxidized minerals, the collector for uranium asphalt ores has the advantages of strong collecting capability, good selectivity, excellent flotation index and the like. The uranium ore of asphalt can be enriched by flotation, when the uranium grade of the raw ore of flotation is 0.127%, the uranium grade of the flotation concentrate can reach about 0.5% by one-time flotation, meanwhile, the uranium grade of the flotation tailings can be reduced to be below 0.1%, and the uranium recovery rate in the flotation operation can reach 69.65% to the maximum. Uranium grade can be enriched by 3-4 times through flotation, and the obtained flotation concentrate amount is 10% -20% of that of flotation raw ore. Therefore, after the raw ore is floated by the method, the grade of uranium can be obviously improved, the ore quantity can be obviously reduced on the premise of higher recovery rate, the hydrometallurgy treatment capacity and reagents can be reduced, the cost of water, electricity and the like is saved, and the economic benefit is improved. The method is used for the flotation process of the uranium ore containing the asphalt, achieves remarkable pre-enrichment effect, is not reported at home and abroad, and is an innovation and breakthrough in the uranium ore flotation technology.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the molecular structure of hydroxyquinoline.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.

As shown in figure 1, the flotation collector for uranium asphalt ore provided by the invention is 8-hydroxyquinoline, and the molecular structural formula is C₉H₇NO. 8-hydroxyquinoline is generally used for analytical detection and extraction separation of metal elements, and hydroxyl and quinoline rings of the 8-hydroxyquinoline can form chelate with metal ions. By utilizing the performance of 8-hydroxyquinoline, the collector is used for flotation of the uraninite as a chelating collector, so that the uraninite in the ore is pre-enriched, an ideal result is obtained, and the research is not reported at home and abroad.

8-hydroxyquinoline is used as a collecting agent, isooctanol phosphate is used as an auxiliary collecting agent, and the uranite in the ore is used as a flotation target mineral. Before use, 8-hydroxyquinoline is prepared into a solution with the mass concentration of 0.1-10% by ethanol. The method for floating the uraninite by using the 8-hydroxyquinoline mainly comprises the following steps:

the first step is as follows: and (3) finely grinding the ore, wherein the grinding mass concentration is 10-80%, and obtaining ore pulp with the particle size fraction of-0.043 mm accounting for 20% -100%.

The second step is that: mixing pulp, namely putting the ground pulp into a flotation machine, adjusting the pulp concentration to be 5% -50% and the pulp temperature to be 1%Adding H at 0-60 DEG C₂SO₄And NaOH is used for adjusting the pH value of the ore pulp to 6-11.

The third step: adding a collector, and adding a solution of the collector 8-hydroxyquinoline into the ore pulp, wherein the using amount of the collector is 250-4000 g/t relative to that of the flotation raw ore. Stirring for 1-10 min to enable the 8-hydroxyquinoline to fully act with the uraninite, enhance the hydrophobicity of the surface of the ore and enable the uraninite to easily float.

The fourth step: and (3) adding an auxiliary collecting agent, adding isooctanol phosphate serving as the auxiliary collecting agent after the third step, wherein the using amount of isooctanol phosphate is 5% -30% of that of 8-hydroxyquinoline, and stirring for 2-6 min to enable the isooctanol phosphate and the 8-hydroxyquinoline to be fully adsorbed on the surface of the mineral.

The fifth step: adding foaming agent, adding foaming agent MIBC or No. 2 oil after the fourth step, and enabling the foaming agent to fully act with the mineral with the dosage of 0-300 g/t.

And a sixth step: aerify the flotation, open the flotation device valve of admitting air, produce a large amount of bubbles in the flotation cell, the asphalt uranium ore adhesion after the medicament effect floats on the bubble, floats in the ore pulp surface, scrapes out the foam through scraping the bubble device, obtains the uranium concentrate.

(1) Example 1

The uranium grade of a certain volcanic type uranium ore is 0.127%, the main uranium mineral is uraninite, the uranium mineral particles are fine, and in addition, gangue minerals such as quartz, feldspar, neon, chlorite and the like are contained. After ore is ground to a grain fraction of-0.043 mm accounting for 70%, the flotation effect of uranium under the condition of different dosages of the collector 8-hydroxyquinoline is considered at the flotation temperature of 28 ℃ and the dosage of foaming agent No. 2 oil of 150g/t, the flotation process adopts one-time rough separation, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 18-Hydroxyquinoline different dosage conditions test results

As can be seen from Table 1, when the using amount of 8-hydroxyquinoline is 500-2000 g/t, a remarkable flotation effect can be obtained, and the recovery rate of uranium in flotation concentrate is gradually increased along with the increase of the using amount of 8-hydroxyquinoline.

(2) Example 2

The main uranium mineral in a certain granite type uranium ore is asphalt uranium ore, and the gangue minerals mainly comprise quartz, potash feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, pyroxene and hornblende, and simultaneously contain a small amount of sphene, barite and zircon. The uranium grade of the ore is 0.081 percent, the direct leaching effect is poor, the processing capacity is large, and the economic benefit is poor. The ore is subjected to a laboratory flotation test by adopting the 8-hydroxyquinoline as the collecting agent. Adding 1000g/t of the collecting agent in the roughing process, and stirring for 5 min; adding 200g/t of isooctyl alcohol phosphate serving as an auxiliary collecting agent, and stirring for 3 min; the using amount of the foaming agent MIBC is 100g/t, and the mixture is stirred for 3min and then subjected to air flotation for 5-8 min. And (3) adding no medicament during selection, stirring for 1-3 min, and then directly scraping and foaming for flotation. The test results are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2 flotation of uraninite test results

According to the results in the table, uranium concentrate with the yield of 18.54%, the uranium grade of 0.266% and the recovery rate of 60.88% can be obtained by closed-circuit flotation. The flotation result shows that the flotation reagent of the invention can obtain obvious enrichment effect on the uranium and asphalt ores.