阅读说明：本技术 一种棉花脱壳机 (Cotton huller ) 是由 李纬凡 于 2021-08-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种棉花脱壳机,属于农用机械技术领域。本发明利用破壳辊、脱壳辊、第一缠绵辊、第二缠棉辊和出料辊等装置相配合,首先使用两个破壳辊将棉花外壳压碎,提高棉花的出棉率,再利用脱壳辊表面为光滑结构,使其与第一缠绵辊上的针刺结构相配合,使棉花可粘附于针刺结构上,且棉花质地较软易于针刺收集；本发明利用第二缠棉辊和出料辊对脱壳辊以及第一缠绵辊表面针刺结构中富集的棉花进行脱棉处理,从而使针刺结构长期具有富集棉花的作用,另一方面第二缠棉辊与出料辊表面含有缠绵弯钩套,在加入装置中后,由于出料辊转速大于缠棉辊,从而可将棉花快速脱离缠棉辊,从出棉口排出装置外,进而使装置的脱壳效率提高,具有广阔的应用前景。(The invention discloses a cotton huller, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The cotton huller comprises a hulling roller, a first cotton winding roller, a second cotton winding roller, a discharge roller and the like, wherein the hulling roller is arranged on the hulling roller; the invention utilizes the second cotton winding roller and the discharge roller to carry out cotton doffing treatment on the cotton enriched in the needle punched structures on the surfaces of the hulling roller and the first cotton winding roller, so that the needle punched structures have the function of enriching the cotton for a long time, and on the other hand, the surfaces of the second cotton winding roller and the discharge roller are provided with the cotton winding hook sleeves.)

1. A cotton huller consisting essentially of: box (1), motor (2), broken shell roller (3), hulling roller (4), first cotton roller (5) twines, second cotton roller (6), discharge roller (7) and inhale cotton device (9), its characterized in that:

the box body (1) is provided with a feeding hole (101) at the top, two horizontally placed shell breaking rollers (3) are arranged at the bottom of a through hole of the feeding hole (101), a shell removing roller (4) is arranged below the axial distance between the two shell breaking rollers (3), a first cotton winding roller (5) is arranged below the right side of the shell removing roller (4), a second cotton winding roller (6) is arranged below the right side of the first cotton winding roller (5), a discharging roller (7) is arranged below the right side of the second cotton winding roller (6), a cotton suction device (9) is arranged below the right side of the discharging roller (7), and the bottom of the cotton suction device (9) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the box body (1);

the surface of the shell breaking roller (3) is sleeved with a shell breaking sleeve (301), the surface of the shell breaking sleeve (301) is in a twist shape, and the outer diameters of the two shell breaking sleeves (301) are tangent; the shelling roller (4) is arranged below the axle center distance of the two shelling rollers (3), the distance between the shelling roller (4) and the shelling rollers (3) is the outer diameter of the shelling sleeve (301), and the surface of the shelling roller (4) is a polished rod; the surface of the first cotton winding roller (5) is sleeved with a cotton winding straight hook sleeve (501), straight hooks (502) are uniformly and circumferentially arranged on the surface of the cotton winding straight hook sleeve (501), the straight hooks (502) are vertical to the axial direction of the first cotton winding roller (5), and the top ends of the straight hooks (502) are tangent to the surface of the shelling roller (4); the surface of the second cotton-wrapping roller (6) is sleeved with an anti-cotton-wrapping hook sleeve (601), anti-hook hooks (602) are uniformly and circumferentially arranged on the surface of the anti-cotton-wrapping hook sleeve (601), hook heads of the anti-hook hooks (602) are anticlockwise bent in the axial direction of the second cotton-wrapping roller (6), and the anti-hook hooks (602) and the straight hooks (502) are crossed in the radial direction; the surface of the discharging roller (7) is sleeved with a forward winding hook sleeve (701), forward hooks (702) are uniformly and circumferentially arranged on the surface of the forward winding hook sleeve (701), hook heads of the forward hooks (702) are clockwise bent in the axial direction of the discharging roller (7), and the forward hooks (702) and the backward hooks (602) are radially crossed;

cotton carding teeth (901) are arranged at the top end of the cotton suction device (9), the cotton carding teeth (901) and the forward hooks (702) are crossed in the radial direction, deep grooves are formed beside the cotton carding teeth (901), holes are formed in the side faces of the cotton suction device (9) and connected with the deep grooves, exhaust fans (902) are uniformly arranged in the deep grooves, and air outlets of the exhaust fans (902) are connected with the cotton outlet holes (103);

the cotton suction device is characterized in that the cotton suction device (9) is arranged on the bottom surface inside the box body (1), the side surface of the cotton suction device (9) provided with the blower (8) faces the cotton outlet hole (103), the other side surface of the cotton suction device faces the shell outlet hole (102), the blower (8) is arranged between the cotton suction device (9) and the shell outlet hole (102), the air outlet of the blower (8) is horizontally arranged to be upward, and the axis of the blower is perpendicular to the bottom surface inside the box body (1).

2. A cotton huller as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the box body (1) is a cube.

3. A cotton huller as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the two shell breaking rollers (3) rotate oppositely.

4. A cotton huller as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the first cotton winding roller (5) turns clockwise.

5. A cotton huller as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the second cotton winding roller (6) turns anticlockwise.

6. A cotton huller as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the discharge roller (7) turns clockwise.

7. A cotton huller as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the rotating speed of the discharging roller (7) is 1.2-2.5 times of that of the first cotton winding roller (5) and the second cotton winding roller (6).

8. A cotton huller as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the straight hook (502), the reverse hook (602), the forward hook (702) and the cotton carding teeth (901) are arranged in a staggered mode in the axial direction.

9. A cotton huller as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the axis of the blower (8) is arranged between the axial center distance of the second cotton winding roller (6) and the discharging roller (7).

10. A cotton huller as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the motor (2) is driven by a belt.

Technical Field

The invention discloses a cotton huller, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background

The prior cotton huller has more technologies, but the mature hulling machines which can be accepted by cotton farmers are rare in the market, so most of the cotton farmers still adopt a manual hulling mode at present. There are roughly two categories of huller techniques disclosed: one type is simple and easy, only husking is needed, but not clearing, and manual clearing is still needed, so that the mechanical efficiency is low; the other is to select and clean the cotton by saw teeth or sticky plates by using a multi-roller structure by using a large mechanical cotton picking and impurity cleaning technology or a ginned cotton cleaner technology. The huller of this kind uses the method of mature machinery for reference, so the principle has no problem, but the design of the specific structure of the machinery still can not jump out of the original frame, and the huller working flow is designed by a fixed thinking mode, and all the modes are that hulling is firstly completed and then cleaning is carried out. This mode has three inherent deficiencies: firstly, the individual maturity of the cotton bolls in the same batch is greatly different, the bolls are completely bolled, half bolled and just opened, so that the strength and time of boll shelling cannot be coordinated in the boll shelling procedure, the strength is strong for a long time, the complete boll opening is disturbed, otherwise, the time is short, part of bolls cannot be stripped, and the cotton stripping rate is low; secondly, the cotton is easy to tangle, and in the process of the hulling process, more impurities can tangle with the cotton due to the friction and rubbing action, so that the difficulty and the workload of the next process are increased, and the huller has to be passively added to enhance the cotton cleaning device; thirdly, the cotton after being hulled becomes fluffy under the mechanical action, which is several times of the original volume, and the impurities in the cotton are wanted to be cleaned out, and no enough space is available, so the cotton huller working according to the working procedure has the advantages of complex structure, larger volume, more useless work, high energy consumption, low hulling rate and difficult acceptance by cotton farmers.

Therefore, how to improve the defects of complex structure, large volume, multiple useless work, high energy consumption, low peeling rate and low peeling efficiency of the traditional cotton huller so as to obtain the cotton huller with higher comprehensive performance is the popularization and application of the cotton huller and meets the urgent need of solving the industrial production demand.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly solves the technical problems that: aiming at the defects of complicated structure, large volume, multiple idle work, high energy consumption, low shelling rate, low shelling efficiency and the like of the traditional cotton sheller, the cotton sheller is provided.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a cotton huller consisting essentially of: box (1), motor (2), broken shell roller (3), hulling roller (4), first cotton roller (5) twines, second cotton roller (6), discharge roller (7) and inhale cotton device (9), its characterized in that:

the cotton huller is characterized in that a feeding port (101) is formed in the top of the cotton huller, two horizontally placed hulling rollers (3) are arranged at the bottom of a through hole of the feeding port (101), hulling rollers (4) are arranged below the axial distance between the two hulling rollers (3), a first cotton winding roller (5) is arranged below the right side of the hulling rollers (4), a second cotton winding roller (6) is arranged below the right side of the first cotton winding roller (5), a discharging roller (7) is arranged below the right side of the second cotton winding roller (6), a cotton sucking device (9) is arranged below the right side of the discharging roller (7), and the bottom of the cotton sucking device (9) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the box body (1);

the surface of the shell breaking roller (3) is sleeved with a shell breaking sleeve (301), the surface of the shell breaking sleeve (301) is in a twist shape, and the outer diameters of the two shell breaking sleeves (301) are tangent; the shelling roller (4) is arranged below the axle center distance of the two shelling rollers (3), the distance between the shelling roller (4) and the shelling rollers (3) is the outer diameter of the shelling sleeve (301), and the surface of the shelling roller (4) is a polished rod; the surface of the first cotton winding roller (5) is sleeved with a cotton winding straight hook sleeve (501), straight hooks (502) are uniformly and circumferentially arranged on the surface of the cotton winding straight hook sleeve (501), the straight hooks (502) are vertical to the axial direction of the first cotton winding roller (5), and the top ends of the straight hooks (502) are tangent to the surface of the shelling roller (4); the surface of the second cotton-wrapping roller (6) is sleeved with an anti-cotton-wrapping hook sleeve (601), anti-hook hooks (602) are uniformly and circumferentially arranged on the surface of the anti-cotton-wrapping hook sleeve (601), hook heads of the anti-hook hooks (602) are anticlockwise bent in the axial direction of the second cotton-wrapping roller (6), and the anti-hook hooks (602) and the straight hooks (502) are crossed in the radial direction; the surface of the discharging roller (7) is sleeved with a forward winding hook sleeve (701), forward hooks (702) are uniformly and circumferentially arranged on the surface of the forward winding hook sleeve (701), hook heads of the forward hooks (702) are clockwise bent in the axial direction of the discharging roller (7), and the forward hooks (702) and the backward hooks (602) are radially crossed;

cotton carding teeth (901) are arranged at the top end of the cotton suction device (9), the cotton carding teeth (901) and the forward hooks (702) are crossed in the radial direction, deep grooves are formed beside the cotton carding teeth (901), holes are formed in the side faces of the cotton suction device (9) and connected with the deep grooves, exhaust fans (902) are uniformly arranged in the deep grooves, and air outlets of the exhaust fans (902) are connected with the cotton outlet holes (103);

the cotton suction device is characterized in that the cotton suction device (9) is arranged on the bottom surface inside the box body (1), the side surface of the cotton suction device (9) provided with the blower (8) faces the cotton outlet hole (103), the other side surface of the cotton suction device faces the shell outlet hole (102), the blower (8) is arranged between the cotton suction device (9) and the shell outlet hole (102), the air outlet of the blower (8) is horizontally arranged to be upward, and the axis of the blower is perpendicular to the bottom surface inside the box body (1).

Preferably, the box (1) is cubic.

Preferably, the two shell breaking rollers (3) rotate oppositely.

Preferably, the first cotton winding roller (5) turns clockwise.

Preferably, the second cotton wrapping roller (6) turns anticlockwise.

Preferably, the discharge roller (7) turns clockwise.

Preferably, the rotating speed of the discharging roller (7) is 1.2-2.5 times of that of the first cotton winding roller (5) and the second cotton winding roller (6).

Preferably, the straight hook (502), the reverse hook (602), the forward hook (702) and the carding teeth (901) are axially arranged in a staggered manner.

Preferably, the axis of the blower (8) is between the axial center distance of the second cotton winding roller (6) and the discharging roller (7).

Preferably, the motor (2) is driven by a belt.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention utilizes the cooperation of the shell breaking roller, the shelling roller, the first cotton winding roller, the second cotton winding roller, the discharge roller and other devices, firstly uses the two shell breaking rollers to crush the cotton shell to improve the cotton output rate of the cotton, the surface of the shelling roller is a smooth structure which is matched with the needling structure on the first cotton winding roller to ensure that the cotton can be adhered on the needling structure, and because the shelling roller is tangent to the outer side of the needling structure on the first cotton winding roller and the texture of the cotton is soft, the cotton shell can be broken by the needling structure to improve the shelling efficiency, secondly, the addition of the needling structure plays a certain collecting role on the cotton, the cotton can be effectively prevented from blocking the shelling roller, so that the device can operate for a long time, and the shelling efficiency of the device is further improved.

According to the invention, the first cotton winding roller, the second cotton winding roller and the discharge roller are added into the device, on one hand, the surface of the cotton winding roller is provided with a cotton winding barb, after the device is added, cotton enriched in the needle structure on the surface of the shelling roller and the first cotton winding roller can be subjected to cotton doffing treatment, so that the needle structure has the effect of enriching cotton for a long time, and further the shelling efficiency of the device is improved, on the other hand, the surface of the second cotton winding roller and the surface of the discharge roller are provided with cotton winding barb sleeves, after the device is added, the rotation speed of the discharge roller is greater than that of the cotton winding roller, so that the cotton can be quickly separated from the cotton winding roller, and the cotton is discharged from a cotton outlet, so that the separation efficiency of the cotton and the cotton shells is improved, and the cotton winding roller can quickly suck out the cotton through the cotton suction device, and further the shelling effect of the device is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional isometric side sectional view of a cotton huller of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an isometric view of the internal drive structure of the cotton huller of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the driving structure of the cotton huller of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the internal transmission structure of the cotton huller of the present invention.

Wherein, 1, a box body; 101. a feed inlet; 102. a shell outlet hole; 103. cotton outlet holes; 2. a motor; 3. a shell breaking roller; 301. breaking the shell sleeve; 4. a hulling roller; 401. removing the shell; 5. a first cotton winding roller; 501. winding a cotton straight hook sleeve; 502. straight hook; 6. a second cotton winding roller; 601. reversely winding the hook sleeve; 602. hooking; 7. a discharging roller; 701. positively winding the hook sleeve; 702. hooking; 8. a blower; 9. a cotton suction device; 901. carding teeth; 902. an exhaust fan.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

A cotton huller consisting essentially of: box 1, motor 2, broken shell roller 3, hulling roller 4, first twining cotton roller 5, second twining cotton roller 6, discharge roller 7 and inhale cotton device 9, its characterized in that:

the top of the cotton huller is provided with a feed inlet 101, the bottom of a through hole of the feed inlet 101 is provided with two horizontally placed hulling rollers 3, hulling rollers 4 are arranged below the axial distance of the two hulling rollers 3, a first cotton winding roller 5 is arranged below the right side of the hulling rollers 4, a second cotton winding roller 6 is arranged below the right side of the first cotton winding roller 5, a discharge roller 7 is arranged below the right side of the second cotton winding roller 6, a cotton suction device 9 is arranged below the right side of the discharge roller 7, and the bottom of the cotton suction device 9 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the box body 1; the surface of the shell breaking roller 3 is sleeved with the shell breaking sleeves 301, the surfaces of the shell breaking sleeves 301 are in a twist shape, and the outer diameters of the two shell breaking sleeves 301 are tangent; the shelling roller 4 is arranged below the distance between the axle centers of the two shelling rollers 3, the distance between the shelling roller 4 and the shelling rollers 3 is the outer diameter of the shelling sleeve 301, and the surface of the shelling roller 4 is a polished rod; the surface of the first cotton winding roller 5 is sleeved with a cotton winding straight hook sleeve 501, straight hooks 502 are uniformly and circumferentially arranged on the surface of the cotton winding straight hook sleeve 501, the straight hooks 502 are vertical to the axial direction of the first cotton winding roller 5, and the top ends of the straight hooks 502 are tangent to the surface of the shelling roller 4; the surface of the second cotton-wrapping roller 6 is sleeved with an anti-cotton-wrapping hook sleeve 601, anti-cotton-wrapping hooks 602 are uniformly and circumferentially arranged on the surface of the anti-cotton-wrapping hook sleeve 601, hook heads of the anti-cotton-wrapping hooks 602 are bent anticlockwise in the axial direction of the second cotton-wrapping roller 6, and the anti-cotton-wrapping hooks 602 and the straight hooks 502 are crossed in the radial direction; the surface of the discharging roller 7 is sleeved with a positive cotton winding hook sleeve 701, the surface of the positive cotton winding hook sleeve 701 is uniformly and circumferentially provided with forward hooks 702, the hook heads of the forward hooks 702 are clockwise bent in the axial direction of the discharging roller 7, and the forward hooks 702 and the reverse hooks 602 are radially crossed; the top end of the cotton suction device 9 is provided with cotton carding teeth 901, the cotton carding teeth 901 are radially crossed with the forward bent hooks 702, deep grooves are formed beside the cotton carding teeth 901, the side surfaces of the cotton suction device 9 are provided with holes to be connected with the deep grooves, exhaust fans 902 are uniformly arranged in the deep grooves, and air outlets of the exhaust fans 902 are connected with the cotton outlet holes 103; the bottom surface of the interior of the box body 1 is provided with a cotton suction device 9, the side surface of the cotton suction device 9, which is provided with a blower 8, faces to a cotton outlet 103, the other side surface of the cotton suction device faces to a shell outlet 102, the blower 8 is arranged between the cotton suction device 9 and the shell outlet 102, the air outlet of the blower 8 is horizontally arranged upwards, and the axis of the blower 8 is vertical to the bottom surface of the interior of the box body 1.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

starting the motor 2, driving the two shelling rollers 3 to oppositely rotate by using a belt on the motor, driving the shelling rollers 4 to anticlockwise rotate, driving the first cotton winding roller 5 to clockwise rotate, driving the second cotton winding roller 6 to anticlockwise rotate, and driving the discharge roller 7 to clockwise rotate; in the rotating process, the straight hook 502, the reverse hook 602, the forward hook 702 and the cotton carding teeth 901 on the rotating mechanism are axially arranged in a staggered manner, and meanwhile, the rotating speed of the discharging roller 7 is twice that of the first cotton winding roller 5 and the second cotton winding roller 6.

Dry cotton raw materials are fed from a feeding hole 101 in the top end of the box body 1, the shell breaking roller 3 is sleeved with the shell breaking sleeve 301, the cotton raw materials are crushed by the shell breaking roller 3 which rotates oppositely, the shell breaking sleeve 301 is utilized to generate pores in the grinding process, the generation of powder is reduced, or the depth of the twist-shaped grains on the surface of the shell breaking sleeve 301 is changed and adjusted, so that the primary crushing degree of the cotton raw materials for shell breaking is changed, and the application range is improved; the cotton raw materials after preliminary crushing fall into between shelling roller 4 and the first cotton winding roller 5, utilize shelling roller 4 and the straight bush 501 of the cotton winding on the first cotton winding roller 5 to cooperate, make the cotton adhere to on the straight hook 502 on the straight bush 501 surface of cotton winding, the shelling roller 4 surface is the smooth structure simultaneously, it is tangent with the top of straight hook 502, the cotton texture after utilizing preliminary shell breaking is fluffy, easily twine on the straight hook 502, make the straight hook 502 can break the cotton hull, can collect the cotton after the separation again, improve the shell breaking efficiency of device, make the device can accomplish two steps of shell breaking and cotton collection simultaneously, greatly reduced consumption.

The broken cotton hulls fall into the bottom of the box body 1, slide down by utilizing a bottom slope and are discharged from the hull outlet hole 102, cotton wound on the surface of the first cotton winding straight hook sleeve 501 is wound away by the cotton winding reverse hook sleeve 601, the cotton winding reverse hook sleeve 601 is sleeved on the second cotton winding roller 6, the surface of the cotton winding reverse hook sleeve is provided with a hook 602 which is axially and anticlockwise bent, the second cotton winding roller 6 is utilized to rotate anticlockwise to wind the cotton on the hook 602 to loosen and arrange the cotton and remove impurities, meanwhile, the bottom of the box body 1 is provided with a blower 8, the cotton hulls are removed by blowing, the hull removing effect is improved, the cotton is wound on the hook 602 or the straight hook 502 and is difficult to float, the scattered cotton can be blown up, the cotton is effectively prevented from falling into the hull outlet hole 102, and the cotton hull removing rate and the cleaning rate are improved.

The discharge roller 7 is used for winding cotton again, the rotating speed of the discharge roller 7 is greater than that of each cotton winding roller, so that the cotton can be quickly separated from the cotton winding rollers, the separation efficiency of the cotton and cotton hulls is improved, and meanwhile, the cotton can be effectively prevented from blocking the hulling rollers by the needling structures which are arranged on the transmission device in a staggered mode in the axial direction, so that the transmission device can operate for a long time, and the hulling efficiency of the device is further improved; the discharging roller 7 is sleeved with a positive cotton winding hook sleeve 701, the positive cotton winding hook sleeve 701 and cotton carding teeth 901 at the top end of the cotton suction device 9 are axially arranged in a staggered mode, cotton is separated out through the cotton carding teeth 901, and then top cotton is sucked through a plurality of exhaust fans 902 carried by the cotton suction device 9, so that the cotton is discharged from the cotton outlet hole 103, and cotton shelling is rapidly completed.

The points to be finally explained are: first, in the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly, and may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or a communication between two elements, and may be a direct connection, "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," and the like are only used to indicate a relative positional relationship, and when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationship may be changed.

Secondly, the method comprises the following steps: in the drawings of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, only the structures related to the disclosed embodiments are referred to, and other structures may refer to general designs, and the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

And finally: the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.