阅读说明：本技术 具有珠光效果的环保型复合塑料及其制备方法 (Environment-friendly composite plastic with pearlescent effect and preparation method thereof ) 是由 刘思妮 刘青 徐坚 马红卫 于 2019-09-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种具有珠光效果的环保复合塑料及其制备方法,此环保复合塑料由基础树脂、改性树脂、高分子相容剂、增韧增塑剂、填料和助剂六类原料组成。所用基础树脂,为微观相分离多嵌段高分子共聚物,其大分子嵌段中至少具有一个橡胶性质的链段和一个塑料性质的链段,橡胶性质的链段的相畴微区,尺寸取值范围为15纳米至80纳米；改性树脂,为聚烯烃树脂、苯乙烯树脂、聚酯树脂和聚甲醛树脂中的一种或几种；制备方法包括：原料预处理、原料配制、原料预混和挤出机加工。本发明的有益之处在于提供了一种安全环保的具有珠光效果、物理机械和加工性优异、成本适中的复合塑料及其制备方法。(The application discloses an environment-friendly composite plastic with a pearlescent effect and a preparation method thereof. The used base resin is a micro-phase separation multi-block high molecular copolymer, the macromolecular block of the copolymer at least has a rubber chain segment and a plastic chain segment, and the domain micro-region of the rubber chain segment has the size range of 15 to 80 nanometers; the modified resin is one or more of polyolefin resin, styrene resin, polyester resin and polyformaldehyde resin; the preparation method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of raw material pretreatment, raw material preparation, raw material premixing and extruder processing. The invention has the beneficial effects of providing the safe and environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearl effect, excellent physical and mechanical properties and processability and moderate cost and the preparation method thereof.)

1. An environment-friendly composite plastic with pearl effect is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

a base resin which is a micro-phase separation material and has a macromolecular block structure, wherein the base resin at least has a rubber chain segment and a plastic chain segment, the number of the block is 3 to 11, and the micro-area range of the rubber chain segment is 15 to 80 nanometers;

the modified resin is one or more of polyolefin resin, styrene resin, polyester resin and polyformaldehyde resin;

wherein the mass ratio of the base resin to the modified resin is in the range of 1.5 to 5.

2. The environment-friendly composite plastic with pearlescent effect according to claim 1, wherein:

the base resin comprises a butylbenzene transparent impact-resistant resin or/and a pentylbenzene transparent impact-resistant resin.

3. The environment-friendly composite plastic with pearlescent effect according to claim 1, wherein:

the range of the micro-region of the rubber-property chain segment is 20 to 60 nanometers.

4. The environment-friendly composite plastic with pearlescent effect according to claim 1, wherein:

the mass ratio of the base resin to the modified resin is in the range of 2 to 4.

5. The environment-friendly composite plastic with a pearlescent effect according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein:

the value range of the mass percent of the base resin in the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearlescent effect is 30-83%;

the value range of the mass percent of the modified resin in the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearlescent effect is 15-40%.

6. A preparation method of environment-friendly composite plastic with pearl effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearlescent effect comprises the following raw materials:

a base resin which is a micro-phase separation material and which has at least one rubbery segment and one plastic segment, wherein the domain of the rubbery segment ranges from 15 nm to 80 nm and the mass percent ranges from 30% to 83%;

the modified resin is one or more of polyolefin resin, styrene resin, polyester resin and polyformaldehyde resin, and the value range of the mass percent of the modified resin is 15-40%;

the preparation method comprises the following steps:

pretreatment of raw materials: dehumidifying, crushing and sieving each component in the raw materials;

preparing raw materials: weighing the components in the raw materials according to the proportion;

premixing raw materials: physically mixing the components in the raw materials;

processing by an extruder: the raw materials are sent into an extruder for melting homogenization, devolatilization treatment and extrusion granulation.

7. The method for preparing environment-friendly composite plastic with pearlescent effect according to claim 6, characterized in that:

the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearlescent effect further comprises the following raw materials:

a compatibilizer comprising a maleic anhydride graft copolymer having a mass percent value ranging from 5% to 30%.

8. The method for preparing environment-friendly composite plastic with pearlescent effect according to claim 6, characterized in that:

the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearlescent effect further comprises the following raw materials:

the toughening agent at least comprises one or more of butadiene styrene block copolymer, isoprene styrene block copolymer and polyolefin rubber, and the mass percentage of the toughening agent ranges from 10% to 20%.

9. The method for preparing environment-friendly composite plastic with pearlescent effect according to claim 6, characterized in that:

the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearlescent effect further comprises the following raw materials:

the filler at least comprises one or more of montmorillonite, titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, alumina, calcium carbonate and stearate; the mass percentage ranges from 0.5% to 5%.

10. The method for preparing environment-friendly composite plastic with pearlescent effect according to claim 6, characterized in that:

the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearlescent effect further comprises the following raw materials:

the auxiliary agent at least comprises one or more of an antioxidant, a lubricant and a stabilizer, and the mass percentage value range of the auxiliary agent is 0.05-5%;

wherein the antioxidant comprises one or more of 1010 antioxidant, 1076 antioxidant and 168 antioxidant; the lubricant comprises one or more of paraffin, ethylene bis stearamide and pentaerythritol stearate; the stabilizer comprises one or more of light stabilizer 531 and light stabilizer 326.

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of high polymer materials, in particular to an environment-friendly safe composite plastic with a pearlescent effect and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In the fifties of the last century, people use scales with natural fish scales and luster, and then add transparent resin to prepare the beautiful pearlescent plastic. However, the source of the fish scale raw material is unstable, and the quantity of the fish scale raw material cannot meet the requirement of industrial production. Later, artificial pearlescent pigments, which are salts of heavy metals, such as strontium oxychloride, lead arsenate, lead carbonate and lead phosphate, have been invented, which, although being commercially available, do not meet the environmental requirements of later social development.

DuPont, the sixties, has invented the use of titanium dioxide-coated scaly muscovite as a pearlescent pigment, which has led to the development of modern pearlescent plastics, but which have a hue which is related to the optical thickness (from 100 to 400 μm) of the titanium dioxide coating the surface of the mica. The manufacturing process is complex, the geometric thickness of the titanium dioxide (TiO2) film is difficult to control, and the cost is high. And the muscovite mineral has different producing areas, different contained metals and unstable properties. Some metals containing chromium do not meet the modern environmental protection requirement.

In 1979, Phillips corporation produced a chemically synthesized type of highly transparent nano-resin material, which had good biocompatibility and met the requirements of FDA and EU regulations in the United states.

In September 2004, Jiangsu saint Jie industries, Inc., assigned technology, successfully delivered to a 2-ten-thousand-ton/year high-transparency resin material production device of Zhongpetrochemical Ministry of Ongyun. In order to popularize the novel high polymer material in China, related units widely develop development experiments in the technical field of material downstream application.

At present, a composite plastic which does not depend on pigment, has good general plastic performance, has beautiful pearlescent effect, and is safe and environment-friendly is lacked. After more than ten years of research and development, the company masters the environment-friendly composite plastic and the preparation method.

Disclosure of Invention

The application mainly aims to provide the environment-friendly and safe composite plastic with the pearlescent effect and the preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems of environmental pollution, insecurity, unstable quality and high cost of the existing plastic with the pearlescent effect.

In order to achieve the above objects, according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided an eco-friendly composite plastic having a pearl effect, comprising:

a base resin which is a micro-phase separation material and has a macromolecular block structure, wherein the base resin at least has a rubber chain segment and a plastic chain segment, the number of the block is 3 to 11, and the micro-area range of the rubber chain segment is 15 to 80 nanometers; (ii) a The modified resin is one or more of polyolefin resin, styrene resin, polyester resin and polyformaldehyde resin; wherein the mass ratio of the base resin to the modified resin is in the range of 1.5 to 5. Further, the base resin comprises a styrene-butadiene transparent impact-resistant resin or/and a pentylene benzene transparent impact-resistant resin.

Further, the range of the micro-region of the rubber property chain segment is 20 to 60 nanometers. Further, the mass ratio of the base resin to the modified resin ranges from 2 to 4.

Further, the value range of the mass percent of the base resin in the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearlescent effect is 30-83%; the value range of the mass percent of the modified resin in the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearlescent effect is 15-40%.

In order to achieve the above object, according to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for preparing an environment-friendly composite plastic having a pearlescent effect.

A preparation method of environment-friendly composite plastic with pearlescent effect comprises the following steps:

pretreatment of raw materials: dehumidifying, crushing and sieving each component in the raw materials;

preparing raw materials: weighing the components in the raw materials according to the proportion;

premixing raw materials: physically mixing the components in the raw materials;

processing by an extruder: the raw materials are sent into an extruder for melting homogenization, devolatilization treatment and extrusion granulation.

Further, the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearlescent effect also comprises the following raw materials:

a compatibilizer comprising a maleic anhydride graft copolymer having a mass percent value ranging from 5% to 30%.

Further, the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearlescent effect also comprises the following raw materials:

the toughening agent at least comprises one or more of butadiene styrene block copolymer, isoprene styrene block copolymer and polyolefin rubber, and the mass percentage of the toughening agent ranges from 10% to 20%.

Further, the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearlescent effect also comprises the following raw materials:

the filler at least comprises one or more of montmorillonite, titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, alumina, calcium carbonate and stearate; the mass percentage ranges from 0.5% to 5%.

Further, the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearlescent effect also comprises the following raw materials:

the auxiliary agent at least comprises one or more of an antioxidant, a lubricant and a stabilizer, and the mass percentage value range of the auxiliary agent is 0.05-5%;

wherein the antioxidant comprises one or more of 1010 antioxidant, 1076 antioxidant and 168 antioxidant; the lubricant comprises one or more of paraffin, ethylene bis stearamide and pentaerythritol stearate; the stabilizer comprises one or more of light stabilizer 531 and light stabilizer 326.

The composite plastic and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that the composite plastic does not use any pearlescent pigment, is environment-friendly and safe, has excellent pearlescent effect, physical property and processability, and is moderate in cost.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail with reference to examples.

The environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearlescent effect mainly comprises six components: base resin, modified resin, compatilizer, toughening agent, filler and auxiliary agent.

The following is a detailed description.

Base resin

The basic resin mainly comprises butylbenzene, pentylene transparent impact-resistant resin and butyl pentylene ternary transparent impact-resistant resin, which are micro-phase separation materials and have multi-block linkage characteristics on the molecular structure. The proportion is 30-83 percent, and the weight percentage is the same as the following. Specifically, the main components of the butylbenzene, the pentylbenzene and the butylpentylene block copolymer are synthesized by using a negative ion active polymerization technology, the connection among blocks is a chemical bond, a rubber-property bond segment is embedded on a polystyrene chain, and the diameter of a formed 'domain' is less than 60 nanometers, so that the block copolymer is not only transparent, but also has the properties of no brittle fracture and impact resistance.

The styrene-butadiene transparent impact-resistant resin comprises the following styrene/butadiene ratio: 55% to 95%/5% to 45% and the pentylbenzene transparent impact resin is styrene/isoprene in a ratio of 60% to 97%/3% to 40%. The number of such blocks is from 3 to 11. It is sometimes desirable to have blocks of three monomers present simultaneously, or to use mixed olefins. So as to satisfy the balance of high impact and tensile strength, hardness and other properties.

The environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearlescent effect, which takes the butylbenzene transparent impact-resistant resin as the main body, keeps the main properties of the micro-phase separation material and has good comprehensive performance in wide-temperature environment. Has the advantages of plastics and rubber, can respectively compound two phases, and greatly increases the ways of adjusting the material properties. Maintains the compatibility with a plurality of high molecular materials and auxiliary materials.

Modified resin

The modified resin is polyolefin resin, styrene homogeneous copolymer, polyester resin, polyformaldehyde, etc. in 15-40 wt%. Specifically, the polyolefin resin is polypropylene, polyethylene, and polybutylene. The styrene polymer is: general Purpose Polystyrene (GPPS), High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS), styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer (MS), styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN), poly-alpha-methyl styrene (P alpha MS), Polyformaldehyde (POM), and polyester resin PBT, PET, PETG, etc. The modified resin is optically transparent, semitransparent and opaque. The base resin may constitute a transparent or translucent system with GPPS, SMMA, SAN, P α MS, etc. And PP, PE, HIPS, PBT, PET and the like to form a semi-permeable and impermeable system.

Compatilizer

5 to 30 percent of compatilizer. Specifically, the compatibilizer may be a polyolefin and maleic anhydride graft copolymer; PP-G-MAH, EPDM-G-MAH, POE (ethylene-octene copolymer); one or more SEBS-G-MAH. The polymeric compatibilizer prevents migration and stabilizes the composite mass.

Toughening agent

The toughening agent is butadiene/isoprene styrene block copolymer, polyolefin rubber, liquid rubber, mineral oil and the like, and accounts for 10-20%. Specifically, the toughening plasticizer is a butyl (amyl) benzene block copolymer (SBS, SIS, SIBS, SEBS, SEPS); ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM, EPR); butyl, styrene butadiene rubber and polybutadiene as well as liquid rubber and mineral oil.

Filler material

The filler adopted in the application is micron and nanometerThe inorganic or organic fillers of the grade represent 0.5% to 5%. Specifically, the filler may be montmorillonite, titanium dioxide (TiO2), silica (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3), calcium carbonate (CaCO)₃) And one or more of stearates.

Auxiliary agent

The auxiliary agent comprises an antioxidant, a lubricant, a stabilizer, a pigment, a dye and the like, and the proportion is 0.05-5%.

Specifically, the antioxidant comprises one or more of 1010 antioxidant, 1076 antioxidant and 168 antioxidant; the lubricant comprises one or more of paraffin, ethylene bis stearamide and pentaerythritol stearate; the stabilizer comprises one or more of light stabilizer 531 and light stabilizer 326.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the preparation method for implementing the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearlescent effect comprises the following steps:

pretreatment of raw materials: dehumidifying, crushing and sieving each component in the raw materials;

preparing raw materials: weighing the components in the raw materials according to the proportion;

premixing raw materials: physically mixing the components in the raw materials;

processing by an extruder: the raw materials are sent into an extruder for melting homogenization, devolatilization treatment and extrusion granulation.

The extruder processing steps can also be respectively completed with melt homogenization, devolatilization treatment and extrusion granulation in different devices. The extruder configuration should not limit the method of preparation of the present application.

As a specific scheme, when the raw material is pretreated, a hot oven is adopted for dehumidification, and the raw material is dried for 5 to 7 hours at a temperature of between 80 and 100 ℃. As a specific scheme, the drying can be carried out for 6 hours at 90 ℃. For the heat sensitive adjuvant, the moisture was removed in a vacuum oven at room temperature.

As a specific proposal, in view of the diversity of environment-friendly composite plastics with pearl effect, the production is generally carried out in batch or batch mode. The adopted equipment is a high-speed stirring pot. The rotation speed and time of the stirrer are controlled to preliminarily mix different objects (granules, powder, liquid and the like). The rotating speed is 1000-3000rpm, the time is 5-20 minutes, and the volume of the stirring pot is determined by the yield.

As a specific scheme, the extruder adopted by the application has a double-screw structure, and is also provided with 1-2 feeding ports and 3-4 exhaust ports (one normal-pressure exhaust port and 2-3 vacuum exhaust ports). A single screw feeder with a hopper is arranged. The feed inlet is protected by low-pressure pure nitrogen to prevent air from being brought in. The vacuum exhaust port is used for extracting molten low molecular weight substances, so that the volatile content of the product is less than 0.2 percent, and the product is odorless when in use. The double-screw machine is provided with 12 sectional temperature control areas, and can independently control the temperature in sections, so that the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearl effect can meet the functional requirements of different areas in temperature. The machine set is equipped with a water-cooling extrusion strand cutting system, and tough environment-friendly composite plastics with a pearly-luster effect can be granulated to form plastic particles with the diameter of 3x5 mm. And weighing and packaging the granular product, and selling the granular product as a product after the quality inspection is qualified.

In addition, the ratio L/D of the length of the screw to the diameter of the section of the extruder is not less than 48, the diameter is determined by the output, the rotating speed of the screw is generally 50 to 500rpm, and the rotating speed is set according to the output and the property of the processed material. The screw sleeve is provided with 10 to 14 temperature control areas, preferably 12 temperature control areas, and the melting temperature of the environment-friendly composite plastic component with the pearl effect determines the temperature control range. The temperature is controlled from low temperature to high temperature and then from high temperature to medium temperature.

The invention is usually used in the range of 120 ℃ to 230 ℃, and the lower operation temperature is selected as much as possible under the condition of ensuring the uniform mixing of the melt, so that the degree of the thermal oxidation reaction is reduced.

In the following, a comparison is made between the comparative examples and several examples of the present application.

Comparative examples

The components and ratios of the comparative examples are shown in Table 1.

The preparation process comprises the following steps: a five-liter high-speed stirring pot is adopted, and 2-3kg of the material is added each time. Accurately weighing the materials, adding the materials into a stirring pot, and premixing the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearl effect. The stirring speed is from low to high and can be selected between 1000 and 3000 rpm. The stirring time is maintained at 3-15 minutes, depending on the homogenization of the premix. The rotating speed and the time are control means for determining the premixing uniformity, the premixing is an important step of non-continuous mixing, different formula compositions correspond to an optimal operation process condition, and an operator needs to hold the condition through actual operation. The mixing kettle is provided with a material temperature indicator, and the temperature rises along with the increase of the revolution and the time. A small part of low-melting-point material is melted, and powder is preferably uniformly adhered to the particles. The temperature of the premix in the patent is in the range of 65-90 ℃. The rotating speed of the comparative example is 2000rpm, the time is 5 minutes, and the uniform premixing requirement is met. The diameter of the product is 25, L/D is 48, 4 air outlets are arranged, 12 sections of screw jackets capable of respectively controlling and adjusting the temperature are arranged, a double-screw extrusion granulator unit with a pure nitrogen protection system is matched with a water-cooling strand cutting machine, and the product is a particle with the diameter of 3x5 mm.

The temperature of the extrusion granulator is controlled from low to high from a feed inlet to an extrusion die head and then from high to medium so as to keep the granules with the highest melting point fully melted and uniformly mixed, and the temperature is beneficially lowest. The temperature of the extrusion granulator is arranged as follows: 120 deg.C, 160 deg.C, 180 deg.C, 200 deg.C, 210 deg.C, 200 deg.C, 190 deg.C, 180 deg.C. The 6 section, the 8 section and the 10 section are respectively provided with a normal pressure exhaust port and two vacuum exhaust ports to ensure that low boiling point substances are pumped out in vacuum. The temperature of the template is near the high melting point of the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearl effect, so that the composite can be discharged smoothly. The extrusion granulator is provided with a single screw feeder, has the conveying capacity of 1 to 2kg/h and is adaptive to the rotating speed of a main screw of a double-screw extruder. The rotation speed is adjusted within 300rpm, the uniform mixing degree is preliminarily judged by extruding the surface and the grain cutting section of the environment-friendly composite plastic with the pearl effect, and the rotation speeds of the feeding machine and the extrusion granulator are adjusted in time.

Name (R)	Number of	Name (R)	Number of
				803	100	531	0.2
GPPS	40	EBS	0.2
				SAN	15	PETS	0.2
MS	15	Microcrystalline wax	0.15
				1010	0.5	HSt	0.1
168	0.5

TABLE 1 composition and compounding ratio of the comparative examples