阅读说明：本技术 一种喷管结构 (Spray pipe structure ) 是由 牛禄 王佳兴 张训国 孙长宏 陈晓龙 顾琳 刘晓丽 陈坚 张斌 于 2019-10-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种喷管结构,属于固体火箭发动机技术领域,包括喉衬1、背衬2、绝热层3、喷管壳体4以及扩散段5。喉衬1与背衬2内孔配合,用于抗高温高压燃气直接冲刷,背衬2与绝热层3内孔配合,用于抗高温热烧蚀以及喉衬1直线段下游高温气流冲蚀,绝热层3与喷管内孔配合,用于抵抗高温气体向喷管壳体4的热传导,喷管壳体4用于提供喷管的结构强度,喷管壳体4扩张段表面具有宏观阵列凸起结构,用于连接喷管扩散段5,喷管扩散段5通过工装在喷管壳体4上模压成型,用于使高温高压燃气进一步膨胀做功,提供固体火箭发动机推力。本发明简化了喷管结构,降低了喷管重量,由于不存在销钉孔等结构,提高了喷管的可靠性。(A nozzle structure belongs to the technical field of solid rocket engines and comprises a throat liner 1, a back lining 2, a heat insulation layer 3, a nozzle shell 4 and a diffusion section 5. Throat insert 1 and 2 hole cooperations in back lining, be used for high temperature high pressure gas direct flushing, back lining 2 and 3 hole cooperations in the heat insulation layer, be used for high temperature thermal ablation resistance and the erosion of 1 straightway low reaches high temperature air current of throat insert, heat insulation layer 3 and the cooperation of spray tube hole, be used for resisting the heat-conduction of high temperature gas to spray tube housing 4, spray tube housing 4 is used for providing the structural strength of spray tube, 4 expansion section surfaces of spray tube housing have the protruding structure of macroscopic array, be used for connecting spray tube diffuser 5, spray tube diffuser 5 passes through the frock and moulds shaping on spray tube housing 4, be used for making high temperature high pressure gas further inflation acting, provide solid rocket engine thrust. The invention simplifies the structure of the spray pipe, reduces the weight of the spray pipe, and improves the reliability of the spray pipe due to the absence of structures such as pin holes and the like.)

1. A nozzle structure is characterized by comprising a throat insert (1), a back lining (2), a heat insulating layer (3), a nozzle shell (4) and a diffusion section (5);

the throat insert (1) is positioned in the back lining (2) and is used for resisting direct scouring of the fuel gas flow; the throat insert (1) and the backing (2) are both located within the heat insulating layer (3), the backing (2) being configured to resist erosion by the gas stream downstream of the throat insert (1); the jet pipe shell (4) is sleeved on the heat insulation layer (3), and the heat insulation layer (3) is used for isolating the heat conduction of the throat insert (1) and the back lining (2) to the jet pipe shell (4); the local part of the diffuser section (5) is sleeved in the spray pipe shell (4), the surface of the spray pipe shell (4) sleeved with the diffuser section (5) is provided with a convex structure, and the diffuser section (5) is directly molded on the spray pipe shell (4);

the lance housing (4) is used to support the entire lance structure.

2. A nozzle arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the throat insert (1) is provided with a first bore; the first inner hole is divided into two sections, wherein one section close to the incoming gas flow is a convergent profile, and the other section far away from the incoming gas flow is a straight profile.

3. A spout construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the throat insert (1) is fixedly attached to the backing (2) by bonding.

4. A nozzle arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the backing (2) has a second bore therein, the throat insert (1) being located in the second bore, the backing (2) being formed from a carbon fibre phenolic material.

5. A nozzle arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the backing (2) is larger at the end closer to the incoming gas stream than at the end further from the incoming gas stream, the throat insert (1) and the backing (2) being located within the insulating layer (3), the end of the backing (2) closer to the incoming gas stream confining the backing (2) within the insulating layer (3).

6. A lance construction according to claim 1, wherein a fourth bore and an expansion bore are provided in the lance housing (4); the fourth inner hole is a stepped hole and used for limiting the heat insulating layer (3).

7. A nozzle structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the diffuser section (5) is partially sleeved in an expanded hole of the nozzle shell (4), the surface of the expanded hole is provided with a staggered convex structure, and the convex structure is processed by, but not limited to, a micro electric spark or an electrochemical method.

8. A nozzle arrangement according to claim 7, wherein said projection is of conical or cylindrical or cuboid or truncated pyramid shape.

9. A nozzle structure according to claim 7, wherein the protrusion structure is divided into 4-10 layers, each layer has a distance of 3-8 mm, each layer has 16-40 layers, and the stagger angle between two adjacent layers is 6-9 °.

10. A lance structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the insulating layer (3) is formed of a glass reinforced plastics material.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a spray pipe structure, in particular to a spray pipe structure with a diffusion section in puncture connection based on an array protrusion on the inner surface of a shell, and belongs to the technical field of solid rocket engines.

Background

The jet pipe is one of important parts of a solid rocket engine, and is used for expanding, accelerating and discharging high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas generated in a combustion chamber of the engine to do work and provide required thrust for the rocket.

The spray pipe operating mode is abominable, need bear the direct erosion of high temperature high pressure gas, and the heat-conduction of high temperature gas to the spray pipe inside, the spray pipe diffuser adopts high temperature resistant glue to bond to the spray pipe casing usually, for preventing that the spray pipe diffuser from taking place the bonding condition that became invalid and fly out under the high-speed gas stream effect, often through pin intensive connection between spray pipe diffuser and the spray pipe casing, but the pin joint part has weakened the local thermal protection performance of diffuser to a certain extent, and in practice take place the pinhole easily when processing the cotter hole and break through the problem. Due to the limitation of factors such as the overall size envelope and the weight of the engine, the non-metal wall thickness of the spray pipe shell and the spray pipe diffusion section is always thin, and particularly when the size of the spray pipe is small, the spray pipe shell and the spray pipe diffusion section are difficult to be connected in a strengthening mode through pins. In actual engineering, the connection between the expansion section of the spray pipe and the nonmetal diffusion section is increased through sand blasting or laser texturing on the inner surface of the expansion section of the spray pipe, but the connection is enhanced only by increasing the bonding area to a certain extent, and the strength of the spray pipe cannot meet the actual use requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the shortcomings of the prior art are overcome, and a nozzle structure, in particular a nozzle structure with a diffusion section based on a shell inner surface array protrusion puncture connection is provided, wherein the nozzle structure comprises: a throat insert, a backing, an insulation layer, a nozzle casing, and a diffuser. The throat liner is matched with an inner hole of the back liner and used for resisting direct scouring of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the back liner is matched with an inner hole of the heat insulation layer and used for resisting high-temperature thermal ablation and high-temperature air flow erosion on the downstream of a straight section of the throat liner, the heat insulation layer is matched with an inner hole of the spray pipe and used for resisting heat conduction of high-temperature gas to the spray pipe shell, the spray pipe shell is used for providing structural strength of the spray pipe, a macro array protruding structure is arranged on the surface of an expansion section of the spray pipe shell and used for being connected with a diffusion section of the spray pipe, and the diffusion section of the spray pipe is formed on the spray pipe shell through die pressing by tool.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a nozzle structure is characterized by comprising a throat insert, a back lining, a heat insulating layer, a nozzle shell and a diffusion section;

the throat insert is positioned in the back lining and is used for resisting direct scouring of the fuel gas flow; the throat insert and the backing are both located within the insulating layer, the backing being for resisting erosion by the gas stream downstream of the throat insert; the jet pipe shell is sleeved on the heat insulation layer, and the heat insulation layer is used for isolating the heat conduction of the throat insert and the back lining to the jet pipe shell; the local part of the diffusion section is sleeved in the spray pipe shell, the surface of the spray pipe shell sleeved with the diffusion section is provided with a convex structure, and the diffusion section is directly molded on the spray pipe shell;

the lance housing is adapted to support the entire lance structure.

Preferably, a first inner hole is formed in the throat insert; the first inner hole is divided into two sections, wherein one section close to the incoming gas flow is a convergent profile, and the other section far away from the incoming gas flow is a straight profile.

Preferably, the throat insert is fixedly connected with the backing by bonding.

Preferably, a second inner hole is formed in the backing, the throat insert is located in the second inner hole, and the backing is made of carbon fiber phenolic materials.

Preferably, the end of the backing close to the incoming flow of the gas flow is larger than the end far away from the incoming flow of the gas flow, the throat insert and the backing are both located in the heat insulation layer, and the end of the backing close to the incoming flow of the gas flow limits the backing in the heat insulation layer.

Preferably, a fourth inner hole and an expansion hole are formed in the spray pipe shell; the fourth inner hole is a stepped hole and used for limiting the heat insulating layer.

Preferably, part of the diffuser section is sleeved in an expansion hole of the nozzle shell, a staggered convex structure is arranged on the surface of the expansion hole, and the convex structure is processed by adopting but not limited to a micro electric spark or an electrochemical method.

Preferably, the convex structure is conical, cylindrical, cuboid or prismoid.

Preferably, the protruding structure is divided into 4-10 layers, the distance between every two layers is 3-8 mm, the number of every layer is 16-40, and the staggered angle between every two adjacent layers is 6-9 degrees.

Preferably, the heat insulating layer is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic material.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) according to the invention, the macroscopic array convex structures are designed on the inner surface of the expansion section of the spray pipe shell, the number of the convex structures is determined according to the load requirement borne by the spray pipe, and the method is more reliable than the conventional method for fixedly bonding the nonmetal diffusion sections by gluing;

(2) according to the invention, the connection between the nonmetal diffusion section and the spray pipe shell is strengthened through the macroscopic array convex structure, so that the problem that a processed pin hole is easy to punch through when the connection is strengthened by using a pin is avoided, and the structure of the spray pipe is optimized;

(3) according to the invention, the connection between the nonmetal diffusion section and the spray pipe shell is strengthened through the macroscopic array convex structure, a pin connection structure is not needed, and the reduction of the structural quality of the spray pipe is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a nozzle configuration;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the nozzle housing;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the nozzle housing;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the nozzle housing.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.