阅读说明：本技术 隧道支护钢架组件及隧道支护施工方法 (Tunnel support steel frame assembly and tunnel support construction method ) 是由 姜波 张涛 周跃峰 吴华 罗永刚 刘国强 于 2021-08-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种隧道支护钢架组件及隧道支护施工方法,该隧道支护钢架组件包括多段钢架单元,每一段钢架单元均包括工字钢单元,工字钢单元的两端均设置有连接接头；其中,每一段钢架单元还包括腹板加强单元,腹板加强单元包括设置在工字钢单元的腹板相对两侧的加强钢构件,位于腹板两侧的两根加强钢构件通过固定件固定在腹板上。该施工方法包括在开挖的隧道内表面初喷混凝土,并将多段工字钢单元首尾相接的拼装在隧道内表面,并且,在每一段工字钢单元的腹板两侧设置加强钢构件,并使用固定件将位于腹板两侧的加强钢构件固定在腹板上。本发明能够提高隧道支护钢架组件抗扭曲的性能,并降低隧道支护的施工成本。(The invention provides a tunnel supporting steel frame assembly and a tunnel supporting construction method, wherein the tunnel supporting steel frame assembly comprises a plurality of sections of steel frame units, each section of steel frame unit comprises an I-shaped steel unit, and two ends of each I-shaped steel unit are provided with connecting joints; wherein, each section steelframe unit still includes the web and strengthens the unit, and the web is strengthened the unit and is strengthened the steel member including setting up the reinforcing steel member in the relative both sides of web of I-steel unit, and two reinforcing steel members that are located the web both sides pass through the mounting to be fixed on the web. The construction method comprises the steps of firstly spraying concrete on the inner surface of an excavated tunnel, assembling a plurality of sections of I-steel units on the inner surface of the tunnel in an end-to-end connection mode, arranging reinforcing steel members on two sides of a web plate of each section of I-steel unit, and fixing the reinforcing steel members on the two sides of the web plate on the web plate by using fixing members. The invention can improve the anti-distortion performance of the tunnel support steel frame assembly and reduce the construction cost of tunnel support.)

1. A tunnel supporting steel frame assembly comprising:

the steel frame unit comprises a plurality of sections of steel frame units, each section of steel frame unit comprises an I-shaped steel unit, and two ends of each I-shaped steel unit are provided with connecting joints;

the method is characterized in that:

each section the steelframe unit still includes the web and strengthens the unit, the web is strengthened the unit and is in including setting up the reinforcing steel member of the relative both sides of web of I-steel unit is located two reinforcing steel members of web both sides pass through the mounting and fix on the web.

2. The tunnel supporting steel frame assembly according to claim 1, wherein:

the fixing piece comprises a U-shaped hoop, and a bolt penetrates through the open end of the U-shaped hoop.

3. The tunnel supporting steel frame assembly according to claim 2, wherein:

the support arm of U type hoop passes the web, the U type hoop is in the both sides of web form first region and second area respectively, two the reinforcing steel member is located respectively first region with in the second area.

4. The tunnel supporting steel frame assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:

the reinforcing steel member comprises a hollow steel pipe, and concrete is filled in the hollow steel pipe.

5. The tunnel supporting steel frame assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:

the reinforcing steel member is a steel plate or a channel steel.

6. The tunnel supporting steel frame assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:

the fixing piece is a hoop.

7. The tunnel supporting construction method comprises the following steps:

primarily spraying concrete on the inner surface of an excavated tunnel, and assembling a plurality of sections of I-shaped steel units in an end-to-end joint manner on the inner surface of the tunnel;

the method is characterized in that:

and reinforcing steel members are arranged on two sides of the web plate of each section of the I-shaped steel unit, and the reinforcing steel members positioned on two sides of the web plate are fixed on the web plate by using fixing members.

8. The tunnel support construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that:

and after fixing the reinforcing steel members positioned on two sides of the web plate on the web plate by using the fixing members, spraying concrete on the surfaces of the multiple sections of the I-shaped steel units again.

9. The tunnel support construction method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that:

each reinforcing steel member comprises a hollow steel pipe, and concrete is filled in the hollow steel pipe.

10. The tunnel support construction method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that:

each section the I-steel unit is the form of buckling, will strengthen the steel member and fix before the web both sides, according to this section in advance the crooked radian of I-steel unit will strengthen the steel member and buckle into corresponding radian.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel support steel frame assembly and a tunnel support construction method.

Background

During tunnel construction, supports are required to be arranged in the excavated tunnel to support the inner surface of the excavated tunnel, so that the tunnel is prevented from collapsing. In general, the supporting structure of the tunnel is formed by concrete and i-beams, and referring to fig. 1, the supporting structure of the tunnel 10 includes a steel frame assembly 20, the steel frame assembly 20 is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of steel frame units 21 end to end, so that each section of steel frame unit 21 is provided with a connecting joint 22 at the end and the end, and the connecting joint can be connected with another adjacent section of steel frame unit 21. Typically, the steel frame unit 21 is an i-beam, and referring to fig. 2, the steel frame unit 21 includes a web 25 in the middle and flanges 26 connected to the two ends of the web 25.

The web 25 has a narrow cross section, so that the difference between the moments of inertia of the two principal axes of the cross section is large, and the web can only be directly used for a member bent in the plane of the web 25 or used for forming a lattice type stress member. The use of axial compression members or members which are curved in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the web 25 is undesirable, which places significant limitations on their range of applications.

The steel frame assembly 20 assembled by the I-shaped steel in the tunnel support is an important component of the tunnel support and can hardly replace the weak surrounding rock support. When the steel frame assembly 20 is constructed, the I-steel is prefabricated according to the tunnel profile in a segmented mode, the I-steel is transported into a tunnel of the tunnel, and then the steel frame assembly is assembled on the preset tunnel section after the tunnel is excavated according to a certain distance. After the steel frame assemblies 20 are assembled, the gap between the two steel frame assemblies 20 needs to be filled by spraying concrete, so as to form an initial supporting system. In the steel frame assembly 20, one side of the flange 26 is generally placed against the surrounding rock to maximize the characteristics of the steel frame assembly 20.

However, when the tunnel is in a poor geological section with high ground stress, weak and broken surrounding rocks, and the like, the steel frame unit 21 is often distorted due to excessive stress, generally, the web 25 is distorted, so that the support loses the bearing capacity, and the support bearing capacity is reduced, so that the deformation of the surrounding rocks is further aggravated, the support may rapidly develop into a building boundary to be disassembled and replaced, and even the tunnel collapses, which causes problems of increased safety risk, investment waste, construction period loss, and the like, because the i-steel not only bears the pressure of the radially acting surrounding rocks, but also transmits the axial force transmitted by the adjacent steel frame unit 21, and thus challenges are provided for the adaptability of the steel frame unit 21.

In order to reduce the distortion of the steel frame unit 21, the supporting capability is generally improved by using an i-steel with an enlarged type or a wide flange, but the following problems are caused: firstly, the increase of the type of the I-steel inevitably increases the height of the I-steel, and the excavation needs to be increased to meet the requirement of clearance in the tunnel; secondly, in order to fill the gap between the two steel frame units 21, more concrete needs to be sprayed, so that the construction cost is increased; thirdly, the size of the I-steel is increased, the weight of the unit length is larger, the transportation and installation difficulty is larger, the manpower input is larger under the condition that the current construction is still mainly manual, the construction risk is greatly increased, although the problem can be solved by reducing the length of each section of steel frame unit 21, the problem that the number of the connecting joints 22 of the steel frame assembly 20 is increased is caused, the connecting joints 22 are always weak links of stress, and the safety risk of tunnel support can be increased by increasing the number of the connecting joints 22.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a tunnel supporting steel frame assembly which can effectively avoid the phenomenon of distortion.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a tunnel support construction method which has low manufacturing cost and improves the safety performance of the support.

In order to achieve the first purpose, the tunnel supporting steel frame assembly provided by the invention comprises a plurality of sections of steel frame units, wherein each section of steel frame unit comprises an I-shaped steel unit, and two ends of each I-shaped steel unit are provided with connecting joints; wherein, each section steelframe unit still includes the web and strengthens the unit, and the web is strengthened the unit and is strengthened the steel member including setting up the reinforcing steel member in the relative both sides of web of I-steel unit, and two reinforcing steel members that are located the web both sides pass through the mounting to be fixed on the web.

According to the scheme, the web reinforcing units are arranged on each section of steel frame unit, the web is reinforced by the reinforcing steel members, the stress at the web can be increased, the steel frame unit can resist larger stress, good anti-distortion capacity can be obtained under the condition that the types of the I-shaped steel units are not increased, and the safety of tunnel supporting is improved.

Preferably, the fixing member includes a U-shaped band, and the open end of the U-shaped band is provided with a bolt.

Therefore, the U-shaped hoops are used for fixing the reinforcing steel members on two sides of the web plate on the web plate, so that the reinforcing steel members cannot easily fall off from the I-shaped steel units, and the fixing part is simple in structure and easy to construct.

The further scheme is that a support arm of the U-shaped hoop penetrates through the web plate, a first area and a second area are respectively formed on two sides of the web plate of the U-shaped hoop, and the two reinforcing steel members are respectively located in the first area and the second area.

In this way, the U-shaped hoop and the web form an area for limiting one reinforcing steel member, and the bolts and the web form an area for limiting one reinforcing steel member, so that the two reinforcing steel members can be firmly fixed on two sides of the web.

The further scheme is that the reinforcing steel member comprises a hollow steel pipe, and concrete is filled in the hollow steel pipe.

Therefore, the concrete is filled in the hollow steel pipe, so that the strength of the reinforced steel member is higher, the manufacturing cost is low, and the strength of the supporting structure can be improved with low cost.

In a further aspect, the reinforcing steel member is a steel plate or a channel, and optionally, the fixing member is a clip.

In order to achieve the second object, the tunnel support construction method provided by the invention comprises the steps of primarily spraying concrete on the inner surface of an excavated tunnel, splicing a plurality of sections of I-steel units end to end on the inner surface of the tunnel, arranging reinforcing steel members on two sides of a web plate of each section of I-steel unit, and fixing the reinforcing steel members on the web plate by using fixing members.

According to the scheme, when the supporting construction is carried out, the reinforcing steel members are fixed on two sides of the web plate of the I-steel unit, so that the anti-distortion capacity of the I-steel unit can be improved, the supporting strength is improved, the supporting safety is improved under the condition that the I-steel unit is not of a larger type, and the tunnel construction cost is reduced. In addition, through increasing the reinforcing steel member, can avoid using the steelframe unit of more multistage, the quantity of attach fitting can not increase, also can improve supporting construction's security.

In a preferred scheme, after the reinforcing steel members on both sides of the web plate are fixed to the web plate by using the fixing members, concrete is sprayed on the surfaces of the plurality of sections of I-steel units.

Therefore, the reinforcing steel members can be firmly fixed on the web plate in a mode of re-spraying concrete, the reinforcing steel members are prevented from falling off from the I-shaped steel units, and therefore safety and strength of the steel frame assembly are guaranteed.

Further, each reinforcing steel member comprises a hollow steel pipe, and concrete is filled in the hollow steel pipe.

The further scheme is that each section of I-steel unit is bent, the reinforcing steel member is fixed in front of two sides of the web plate, and the reinforcing steel member is bent into a corresponding radian according to the bending radian of the section of I-steel unit.

Therefore, when in supporting construction, the pre-bent reinforcing steel members can be directly installed on two sides of the web plate, and the reinforcing steel members do not need to be bent on site, so that the supporting construction is very simple and convenient. In addition, the reinforcing steel member is made by pouring concrete into a hollow steel pipe, so that bending the hollow steel pipe is very simple, and the cost for bending the reinforcing steel member can be reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional tunnel support.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an i-section of a prior art tunnel steel frame assembly.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the i-shaped steel units and the reinforcing steel members in a section of steel frame units according to an embodiment of the tunnel supporting steel frame assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a section of steel frame unit according to an embodiment of the tunnel supporting steel frame assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a section of steel frame unit of an embodiment of the tunnel supporting steel frame assembly of the present invention.

The invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.

Detailed Description

The tunnel supporting steel frame assembly is a part of a tunnel supporting structure and is used for supporting a tunnel to avoid tunnel collapse. The tunnel supporting steel frame assembly provided by the invention has higher strength, and can avoid potential safety hazards caused by the distortion of the I-shaped steel units. The tunnel supporting construction method provided by the invention is characterized in that the tunnel supporting steel frame assembly is installed in a tunnel, concrete is sprayed, and the tunnel supporting steel frame assembly is fixed on the inner surface of the tunnel, so that a firm tunnel supporting structure is formed.

The tunnel supporting steel frame assembly of the invention is composed of a plurality of sections of steel frame units, each section of steel frame unit comprises an I-shaped steel unit, referring to fig. 3 and 4, two ends of each I-shaped steel unit 30 are respectively provided with a connecting joint 33, 34, and each I-shaped steel unit 30 is connected with the adjacent I-shaped steel unit 30 through the connecting joints 33, 34.

Referring to fig. 5, the i-steel unit 30 is i-shaped in cross section, the i-steel unit 30 includes a web 31 located in the middle and flanges 32 located at two ends of the web 31, as can be seen from fig. 5, the thickness of the web 31 is small, and when the flange 32 on one side abuts against the inner wall of the tunnel, the web 31 will be subjected to a large force, which easily causes the i-steel unit 30 to twist. In order to solve this problem, the present embodiment provides a web reinforcing unit on the i-steel unit 30, and specifically, provides reinforcing steel members 40 on both sides of the web 31.

In the present embodiment, each reinforcing steel member 40 includes a hollow steel pipe 42, and concrete 41 is filled in the hollow steel pipe 42, and preferably, each reinforcing steel member 40 abuts on one surface of the web 31. In order to fix the reinforcing steel members 40 to both sides of the web 31, the present embodiment provides a fixing member by which two reinforcing steel members 40 are fixed to the web 31. The fixing member comprises a U-shaped hoop 46, a bolt 48 is arranged at the open end of the U-shaped hoop 46 in a penetrating mode, a bolt head 49 is arranged at one end of the bolt 48, and a nut 50 can be screwed into the bolt 48. It can be seen that the reinforcing steel members 40 and the U-shaped hoops 46 and the bolts 48 on both sides of the web 31 constitute the web reinforcing unit of the present embodiment.

The U-shaped ferrule 46 has two legs 47, each leg 47 passing through the web 31, and preferably, a through hole for passing the leg 47 is formed in the web 31 in advance, and further, the through hole of the web 31 has a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the leg 47. The bolt head 49 and the nut 50 are respectively positioned at the outer sides of the two support arms 47, so that the open end of the U-shaped hoop 46 can be locked through the nut 50, and the problem that the reinforcing effect of the reinforcing steel member 40 is influenced due to the overlarge gap between the two reinforcing steel members 40 and the support arms 47 is avoided.

Since the leg 47 of the U-shaped hoop 46 passes through the web 31, the U-shaped hoop 46 forms a first region 43 and a second region 44 on both sides of the web 31, wherein the first region 43 is a region surrounded by the U-shaped portion of the U-shaped hoop 46 and the web 31, and the second region 44 is a region surrounded by the two legs 47 of the U-shaped hoop 46, the web 31 and the bolt 48. As can be seen from fig. 5, two reinforcing steel members 40 are located in the first and second regions 43 and 44, respectively, so that the reinforcing steel members 40 can be firmly fixed to both sides of the web 31.

Because the tunnel supporting steel frame assembly is in a closed ring shape, each section of steel frame unit has a certain radian, namely the I-shaped steel units 30 do not extend along a straight line but extend along an arc line. Therefore, the reinforcing steel members 40 fixed to both sides of the web 31 also extend in an arc, and preferably, the reinforcing steel members 40 need to have the same radius of curvature as the i-steel unit 30 to ensure that the reinforcing steel members 40 can be attached to the surface of the web 31.

Because the reinforcing steel member 40 includes hollow steel pipe 42, the hollow steel pipe 42 can be conveniently bent, a reinforcing steel member 40 can be obtained by pouring concrete into the bent hollow steel pipe 42, and the manufacturing of the reinforcing steel member 40 is very convenient.

Because the both sides at web 31 set up reinforcing steel member 40, when web 31 atress is great, support web 31 through reinforcing steel member 40, can effectively increase the antitorque performance of steelframe unit, the phenomenon of distortion is difficult to take place for the steelframe unit. Therefore, large-size I-shaped steel units do not need to be arranged in tunnels in unfavorable geological sections such as high ground stress and weak broken surrounding rocks, and the production, transportation and construction costs of the supporting structure can be reduced. In addition, by applying the steel frame assembly of the embodiment, the length of each section of the I-shaped steel unit does not need to be set to be shorter, so that the number of the connecting joints is smaller, and the strength of the supporting structure is improved.

Of course, in other embodiments, the reinforcing steel member may be a steel plate or a channel steel, and the fixing member may be a clip, or the reinforcing steel member is fixed to both sides of the web 31 by welding, which can also meet the requirement of improving the strength of the steel frame assembly.

The construction method of the tunnel support will be described below. Firstly, according to the contour shape of the inner surface of a tunnel to be constructed, a plurality of sections of steel frame units are manufactured in a segmented manner, each section of steel frame unit comprises an I-shaped steel unit 30, preferably, the I-shaped steel units 30 are required to be pre-bent into an arc shape meeting the requirement, and therefore the flange 32 at one end of each I-shaped steel unit 30 can be tightly attached to the inner surface of the tunnel. Moreover, the two ends of each section of i-steel unit 30 need to be provided with corresponding connecting joints 33 and 34, and a through hole for the arm 47 of the U-shaped hoop 46 to pass through is formed in the web plate 31. Preferably, a plurality of through holes are formed in the web 31 at certain intervals, so that a plurality of sets of through holes are arranged on each section of the i-steel unit 30, that is, each section of the i-steel unit 30 is provided with a plurality of U-shaped hoops 46.

In addition, it is necessary to manufacture the multi-stage hollow steel pipe 42 according to the length, the radius of curvature, and the like of each stage of the i-steel unit 30, and each stage of the hollow steel pipe 42 needs to have substantially the same radius of curvature as the corresponding i-steel unit 30.

Then, the multiple sections of the i-steel units 30 and the hollow steel pipes 42 are transported into the tunnel which is opened outside, the inner surface of the tunnel which is opened outside is subjected to the operation of primary concrete spraying, then the i-steel units 30 are assembled section by section on the inner surface of the tunnel after the primary concrete spraying, and the two adjacent sections of the i-steel units 30 are fixedly connected by using corresponding connecting joints.

Next, concrete 41 is poured into each section of hollow steel pipe 42 to form reinforcing steel members 40, and then reinforcing steel members 40 are installed on both sides of the web 31 of each section of i-steel unit 30, and the reinforcing steel members 40 on both sides of the web 31 are fixed to the i-steel unit 30 using U-shaped hoops 46 and bolts 48.

And finally, after the tunnel supporting steel frame assembly is installed, spraying concrete on the inner surface of the tunnel again to cover the tunnel supporting steel frame assembly to form a primary supporting structure. After the concrete that waits to spout again is cured futilely, the concrete can be fixed with the tunnel support steelframe subassembly to through the fixed action of concrete, make fixing on I-steel unit 30 that reinforcing steel member 40 can be better, the better problem of avoiding reinforcing steel member 40 to drop, the intensity of tunnel support steelframe subassembly is better.

Finally, it should be emphasized that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, such as the change of the specific structure of the reinforcing steel member, or the change of the bending curvature of the i-steel unit, etc., and such changes should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.