阅读说明：本技术 一种水处理净化及消毒方法 (Water treatment purification and disinfection method ) 是由 穆超银 于 2019-09-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种水处理净化及消毒方法,通过加入一定质量比例的二氧化氯和氯化物,并控制消毒处理时间和净化处理时间,使处理后的水中副产物亚氯酸盐和氯酸盐极少,远远低于GB 5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》中规定对消毒副产物含量的限值；经肉眼可见物评测可知,本发明处理后的水体与纯净水进行比较,显示出清澈透明、无杂质的良好水质。且本发明的处理方法处理后的水中无“三致”物质,对人体健康和环境没有危害；方法步骤简单,成本较低,适合大规模推广应用,具有工业应用价值和发展前景。(The invention provides a water treatment purification and disinfection method, which is characterized in that chlorine dioxide and chloride are added according to a certain mass proportion, and the disinfection treatment time and the purification treatment time are controlled, so that the by-products chlorite and chlorate in the treated water are few and far lower than the limit value of the content of the disinfection by-products specified in GB 5749-plus 2006 sanitary Standard for Drinking Water; as can be seen from the evaluation of the visible matters, the water body treated by the method shows clear and transparent water quality without impurities when compared with the purified water. The water treated by the treatment method has no 'three-cause' substances, and has no harm to human health and environment; the method has simple steps and low cost, is suitable for large-scale popularization and application, and has industrial application value and development prospect.)

1. A water treatment purification and disinfection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, disinfection treatment: putting chlorine dioxide into the water body to be treated, and uniformly dispersing the chlorine dioxide into the water body to obtain a sterilized water body;

step two, purification treatment: and (4) putting chloride into the water body subjected to disinfection treatment obtained in the step one, and fully mixing and reacting to obtain the treated water body.

2. The water treatment purification and disinfection method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said chlorine dioxide is delivered at the inlet, outlet pipe or disinfection tank of water pump of water plant.

3. The method for purifying and disinfecting water treatment according to claim 1, wherein the chlorine dioxide is added in an amount of 1 to 4 g/m.

4. The method for purifying and disinfecting water treatment according to claim 1, wherein the chlorine dioxide is added in an amount of 1.5 to 3.5 g/m.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the time of the step-one disinfection treatment is 8-25 min.

6. The water treatment purification and disinfection method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chloride is fed into the water treatment plant from a source water pipeline or a coagulation reaction tank.

7. The water treatment purification and disinfection method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the chloride to the chlorine dioxide is (4-10): 1.

8. the water treatment purification and disinfection method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the chloride to the chlorine dioxide is (5-9): 1.

9. the method of claim 1 wherein said chloride is ferrous chloride.

10. The method for purifying and disinfecting water treatment according to claim 1, wherein the time for the second purification treatment is 8-25 min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of water treatment, in particular to a water treatment purification and disinfection method.

Background

Along with the development of industry and agriculture and the increase of urban population, the discharge amount of urban sewage and industrial and agricultural wastewater is increased, the types and the concentrations of pollutants contained in the sewage are gradually increased, and the problems of water environment pollution and water resource shortage are increased. At present, 80 percent of surface water and more than 60 percent of underground water in China are seriously polluted, and the water treatment processes such as coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection and the like adopted by the Chinese can not reach the specified water quality standard.

At present, pretreatment is carried out before conventional treatment so as to further improve the water treatment effect. The prior art has four common pretreatment modes, the first one is to adopt chlorine or sodium hypochlorite and active carbon to carry out pretreatment on source water, the treatment mode has lower cost, but the chlorine and the sodium hypochlorite can have a halogenation reaction with organic pollutants in water in the using process to generate carcinogenic, teratogenic and apoplastic substances, such as trichloromethane, haloacetic acid, nitrosamine and the like, which are difficult to remove; the second one is to adopt ozone and active carbon to carry on the preconditioning to the source water, the ozone treatment is effectual, but the investment of apparatus and use cost are extremely high; the third is to increase the adding amount of coagulant polyaluminium chloride, the treatment method can effectively improve the removal efficiency of pollutants, but the metallic aluminum in the treated water is easy to exceed the standard and is not beneficial to the health of human bodies and the ecological environment; and fourthly, the polyferric chloride or ferric trichloride is used as a coagulant, the influence of iron elements on human health and ecological environment is small, the use cost is low, but the acidity of the polyferric chloride or ferric trichloride is high, so that the pH value of the treated water body is reduced, the adding amount is difficult to control, impurities cannot be effectively removed when the adding amount is too small, and the treated water body is discolored when the adding amount is too much, so that the national standard cannot be met.

Patent document CN107746126A "a method for pretreating source water" provides a method for pretreating source water by using chlorine dioxide, activated carbon, ferrous sulfate or ferrous chloride in stages, and obtains a good purification effect. However, the above patent still has the problem that chlorite or ferrous chloride and the like cannot completely react, the subsequent activated carbon is required to adsorb redundant reactants, and the used activated carbon is further required to be removed by filtration, sedimentation and other modes, and then subsequent conventional water treatment is carried out, so that the treatment cost and the treatment process are increased; the activated carbon adsorbing pollutants has certain stimulation to human skin, mucous membrane and respiratory tract, and the difficulty of later-stage recovery treatment is increased due to the possibility of inclusion of uncertain pollutants, which is not beneficial to the popularization and application of the method, so that a safe, efficient, simpler and more convenient water treatment technology and method are urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a water treatment purification and disinfection method, which comprises the following steps:

step one, disinfection treatment: putting chlorine dioxide into the water body to be treated, and uniformly dispersing the chlorine dioxide into the water body to obtain a sterilized water body;

step two, purification treatment: and (4) putting chloride into the water body subjected to disinfection treatment obtained in the step one, and fully mixing and reacting to obtain the treated water body.

As a preferable technical scheme, the position for putting the chlorine dioxide is an inlet and an outlet pipeline of a water intake pump of a water plant or a disinfection tank.

As a preferable technical scheme, the adding amount of the chlorine dioxide is 1-4 g/cubic meter.

As a preferable technical scheme, the adding amount of the chlorine dioxide is 1.5-3.5 g/cubic meter.

As a preferable technical scheme, the time of the disinfection treatment in the first step is 8-25 min.

As a preferable technical scheme, the position for putting the chloride is a water source pipeline or a coagulation reaction tank of a water plant.

As a preferable technical scheme, the adding mass ratio of the chloride to the chlorine dioxide is (4-10): 1.

as a preferable technical scheme, the adding mass ratio of the chloride to the chlorine dioxide is (5-9): 1.

as a preferred technical solution, the chloride is ferrous chloride.

As a preferable technical scheme, the time of the purification treatment in the second step is 8-25 min.

Has the advantages that: the invention provides a water treatment purification and disinfection method, which is characterized in that chlorine dioxide and chloride are added according to a certain mass proportion, and the disinfection treatment time and the purification treatment time are controlled, so that the by-products chlorite and chlorate in the treated water are few and far lower than the limit value of the content of the disinfection by-products specified in GB 5749-plus 2006 sanitary Standard for Drinking Water; as can be seen from the evaluation of the visible matters, the water body treated by the method shows clear and transparent water quality without impurities when compared with the purified water. The treatment method has good purification and disinfection effects, can effectively remove harmful impurities in water, has no carcinogenic, teratogenic and apoplastic substances in the treated water, has no harm to human health and environment, and ensures that drinking water, production water, reclaimed water and sewage meet the use or discharge requirements; the method does not need to use active carbon to adsorb redundant reactants, has simple steps, lower treatment cost, does not need subsequent active carbon recovery and regeneration treatment, reduces the equipment investment by 50 percent, reduces the water treatment cost by more than 30 percent, is suitable for large-scale popularization and application, thoroughly solves the problem that ferric salt can not completely or partially replace aluminum salt, finds a new method for improving water quality and reducing the water treatment cost, and has industrial application value and development prospect.

Detailed Description

The technical features of the technical solutions provided by the present invention are further clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments, and the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

The words "preferred", "more preferred", and the like, in the present invention refer to embodiments of the invention that may provide certain benefits, under certain circumstances. However, other embodiments may be preferred, under the same or other circumstances. Furthermore, the recitation of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are not useful, nor is it intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the invention.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a water treatment purification and disinfection method, which comprises the following steps:

step one, disinfection treatment: putting chlorine dioxide into the water body to be treated, and uniformly dispersing the chlorine dioxide into the water body to obtain a sterilized water body;

step two, purification treatment: and (4) putting chloride into the water body subjected to disinfection treatment obtained in the step one, and fully mixing and reacting to obtain the treated water body.

< Sterilization treatment >

In a preferred embodiment, the step one and the step of the sterilization treatment in the invention are as follows: and (3) putting chlorine dioxide into the water body to be treated, and uniformly dispersing the chlorine dioxide into the water body to obtain the water body subjected to disinfection treatment.

In a preferred embodiment, the chlorine dioxide is put into the water plant at the inlet of a water intake pump, an outlet pipeline or a disinfection tank.

In a more preferred embodiment, the chlorine dioxide and chloride are both placed at the intake pump inlet line of the water plant.

The water intake pump of the water plant is positioned at the water drawing source of the water plant and sends the water source to the next-stage treatment device.

(chlorine dioxide)

Chlorine dioxide is a strong oxidant, can efficiently and rapidly kill bacteria within a wide pH range, inhibits the activity of viruses, and produces fewer organic disinfection byproducts during the disinfection process.

In a preferred embodiment, the chlorine dioxide is added in an amount of 1 to 4 g/m.

In a more preferred embodiment, the chlorine dioxide is added in an amount of 1.5 to 3.5 g/m.

In a further preferred embodiment, the chlorine dioxide is dosed in an amount of 2.5 g/m.

The unit "g/m" of the chlorine dioxide dosage in this application refers to the mass of chlorine dioxide (measured in grams) added per m of water.

Most waterworks adopt chlorine dioxide generators for on-site preparation due to factors such as difficult storage of chlorine dioxide. However, most of the chlorine dioxide prepared on site is composite chlorine dioxide consisting of chlorine dioxide and chlorine gas, and chlorate and chlorite which are harmful pollutants are generated in the process of disinfecting water; and the aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide is also subjected to disproportionation reaction to produce chlorate and chlorite under the influence of temperature and illumination. The international tumor research organization has demonstrated that chlorate and chlorite both destroy human red blood cells. Chlorate can affect the absorption of iodine by the thyroid gland of a human body, cause thyroid dysfunction and can also cause kidney damage. Chlorite can affect the normal development of the nervous system, cause damage to the infant brain, and cause problems of nervous system insensitivity, skin hyperplasia and the like.

How to introduce chlorine dioxide to sterilize and disinfect the water body to be treated and remove harmful chlorate and chlorite generated in the preparation and disinfection processes is a big problem to be solved in the research and development process of the inventor.

The inventor discovers through a great deal of research and exploration that when the amount of chlorine dioxide put into the water body to be treated is 1.5-3.5 g/cubic meter, especially 2.5 g/cubic meter, the disinfection effect of the chlorine dioxide is good, and the amount of chlorate and chlorite generated in the disinfection process is small. The inventor believes that when the chlorine dioxide is added in too small amount, the sterilization effect is affected by too low concentration; when the chlorine dioxide is excessively added, the impurity gas contained in the chlorine dioxide is relatively increased, the molecular concentration of the chlorine dioxide is increased, and chlorate and chlorite are more easily generated due to excessive chlorate generated in water.

The method has the advantages that the throwing place is arranged at the inlet or the outlet of the water taking pump of the water plant, and the stirring function is realized, so that the thrown reactants can be uniformly dispersed; and the water taking point of the water plant is connected with other treatment units of the water plant through pipelines, the whole pipeline conveying process is longer, enough reaction time is provided, the disinfection effect of chlorine dioxide is ensured, and the generation of toxic substances caused by the decomposition of the chlorine dioxide by visible light can be avoided in the pipelines.

In a preferred embodiment, the time of the step one sterilization treatment is 8 to 25 min.

In a more preferred embodiment, the time of the step-one sterilization treatment is 15 to 20 min.

In a further preferred embodiment, the time of the step-one sterilization treatment is 17 min.

In a more preferred embodiment, the step one and the step of the sterilization treatment of the present invention are: chlorine dioxide is put into the water body to be treated at the inlet of a water intake pump of a water drawing water source of a water plant, the chlorine dioxide is uniformly dispersed into the water body, and the water body is sterilized for 17min to obtain the sterilized water body.

The inventor further researches and discovers that when the disinfection time of chlorine dioxide is 15-20 min, particularly 17min, the amount of generated chlorate and chlorite is further reduced while the disinfection effect of the chlorine dioxide is maintained, and the inventor thinks that when the disinfection time of the chlorine dioxide is too short, the chlorine dioxide cannot completely adsorb and penetrate cell walls of all microorganisms in a water body and inhibit the synthesis of proteins of the microorganisms, so that all microorganisms cannot be killed; when the disinfection time of chlorine dioxide is too long, the impurity gas in the chlorine dioxide is more likely to generate harmful substances, so the disinfection time of the chlorine dioxide needs to be limited to reduce the amount of the generated harmful substances.

< purification treatment >

In a preferred embodiment, the second step and the purification treatment step of the present invention are: and (4) putting chloride into the water body subjected to disinfection treatment obtained in the step one, and fully mixing and reacting to obtain the treated water body.

In a preferred embodiment, the chloride is put into the water plant from a source water pipeline or a coagulation reaction tank.

In a more preferred embodiment, the chloride is fed into the coagulation reaction tank.

The coagulation reaction tank is water treatment equipment for carrying out chemical coagulation reaction in water treatment.

In a preferred embodiment, the adding mass ratio of the chloride to the chlorine dioxide is (4-10): 1.

in a more preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the chloride to the chlorine dioxide is (5-9): 1.

in a further preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of chloride to chlorine dioxide dosed is 7: 1.

in a preferred embodiment, the chloride in the second step is ferrous chloride.

(ferrous chloride)

Ferrous chloride, chemical formula FeCl₂Green to yellow, and deliquescent. It is soluble in water, ethanol, acetic acid, slightly soluble in acetone, and insoluble in diethyl ether.

The water body after the disinfection treatment still contains a certain amount of harmful substances such as chlorate, chlorite and the like, and meanwhile, the water body also contains dust, humus, starch, cellulose, bacteria which are not easy to kill by chlorine dioxide and the like with small particle size, and the substances often form a sol state with water, show sedimentation and polymerization stability and cannot be removed by a method of natural sedimentation by gravity. In the prior art, the removal efficiency of pollutants is effectively improved by increasing the adding amount of flocculant polyaluminium chloride, but metallic aluminum in treated water is easy to exceed the standard and is not beneficial to human health and ecological environment; in the prior art, the polyferric chloride or ferric trichloride is also commonly used as a coagulant, the iron element has little influence on human health and ecological environment, the use cost is low, but the acidity of the polyferric chloride or ferric trichloride is high, so that the pH value of the treated water body is reduced, the dosage is difficult to control, impurities cannot be effectively removed if the dosage is too small, and the treated water body is discolored if the dosage is too much, so that the national standard cannot be met.

Through a large amount of technical exploration, the inventor finds that when ferrous chloride, particularly the mass ratio of the ferrous chloride to chlorine dioxide, put into a disinfected water body is (5-9): at 1, the residual chlorate and chlorite in the water is obviously reduced and is far lower than the limit value of the chlorate and chlorite content in the water specified in the international health standard. The inventor believes that because sodium chlorite in the water body is easy to react to generate chlorate, ferrous ions have strong reducibility and can generate oxidation-reduction reaction with chlorate generated by the sodium chlorite, and the residual chlorate and the chlorite in the water body are removed. When the addition amount of the ferrous chloride is too small, the ferrous chloride can not completely react with chlorate in the water body, and the chlorate can not be completely removed; when too much ferrous chloride is added, although chlorate and chlorite can be completely removed, ferrous ions in the water body easily exceed the standard, the water quality and the taste are influenced, and the burden of the kidney is increased when residents drink the water for a long time.

Meanwhile, the inventor unexpectedly discovers that the mass ratio of the chlorine dioxide to the added water is (5-9): 1, ferric ions generated after the reaction of ferrous ions do not turn red, impurities such as dust, humus, starch, cellulose and the like in the water body are also obviously reduced, and the treated water body can reach the national standard after detection. The inventors speculate that the reason for this is that ferric ions are generated during the redox reaction between ferrous ions and chlorate produced from sodium chlorite, and the surface charge of the fine particles is reduced by the action of the potential difference of the ferric ions, so that the repulsive force between the fine particles is reduced, and the ferric ions can also generate ferric hydroxide colloid in the water body, adsorb the fine particles dispersed in the water body, and remove other impurities in the water by settling and filtering.

In a preferred embodiment, the time of the second step of purification treatment is 8-25 min.

In a more preferred embodiment, the time of the second step of purification treatment is 15 to 20 min.

In a further preferred embodiment, the time of the second purification treatment is 17 min.

In a more preferred embodiment, the second step and the purification treatment step of the present invention are: and (4) putting chloride into the water body subjected to the disinfection treatment obtained in the step one, and obtaining the treated water body after the chloride is fully mixed and reacted.

The inventor finds that the time of the purification treatment is 15-20 min through a large number of experiments, and particularly when the time is 17min, all the performances of the treated water body are excellent. The inventor thinks that when the purification time is too short, the ferrous ions can not completely react with chlorate generated by sodium chlorite, and the residual amount of chlorate and chlorite in the treated water body still can not meet the use requirement; and the purification time is too long, and the purification effect cannot be gained, but instead, the ferrous ions are oxidized into ferric ions too much under the influence of impurities in water, so that the final water body is red, and the further use is influenced.

The treatment method of the invention limits the mass proportion of chlorine dioxide and chloride and controls the disinfection treatment time and the purification treatment time, so that the chlorite and chlorate in the treated water body are extremely little, the water quality is clear and transparent, no impurity is produced, and the drinking water, the production water, the reclaimed water reuse and the sewage meet the use or discharge requirements.

The present invention will now be described in detail by way of examples, and the starting materials used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.