阅读说明：本技术 接触式配流盘平面度检测装置及方法 (Contact type valve plate flatness detection device and method ) 是由 郑莹洁 胡佳成 蔡晋辉 李东升 于 2019-11-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种接触式配流盘平面度检测装置及方法。本发明通过将测头与压紧模块都提拉起来,安装配流盘至待检位置,直线电机控制压紧模块下降,直至配流盘被压紧,然后控制数显千分表提拉杆电机下降,使其压到被测工件,获得测量数据,同时,反面电机上顶,获得测量数据,再将两组数据传入电脑。若需增加测量点,提拉压紧模块,再手动旋转配流盘,使得数显千分表组所测点与之前不同。平面度误差评定依据最小包容区域中的交叉准则。本发明能实现自动读数,多点同时测量,正反面同时测量,价格较低且测量速度快。(The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting the flatness of a contact type valve plate. The measuring head and the compaction module are lifted, the valve plate is installed to the position to be detected, the linear motor controls the compaction module to descend until the valve plate is compacted, then the digital display dial indicator lifting rod motor is controlled to descend to be pressed on a workpiece to be detected, measuring data are obtained, meanwhile, the reverse motor is jacked up to obtain the measuring data, and then the two groups of data are transmitted to a computer. If a measuring point needs to be added, the compressing module is pulled, and then the valve plate is manually rotated, so that the measured point of the digital display dial indicator set is different from the measured point before. The flatness error assessment is based on the intersection criteria in the minimum containment region. The invention can realize automatic reading, multi-point simultaneous measurement and front and back simultaneous measurement, and has lower price and high measurement speed.)

1. The utility model provides a contact valve plate flatness detecting device which characterized in that: the device comprises a sensor, a fixed mounting module of the sensor, a pressing module, a measuring rod lifting module, a data processing and displaying module and a laboratory bench module.

The flow distribution plate is arranged on the workbench, the electric linear displacement platforms are fixed on the desktop, the aluminum alloy beams are fixed on the corresponding electric linear displacement platform sliders, and the two electric linear displacement platforms are used for pressing the flow distribution plate or lifting the digital display dial indicator lifting plate to drive the digital display dial indicator set to move up and down.

2. The contact thrust plate flatness detecting device of claim 1, wherein: the sensor and the fixed mounting module thereof are composed of an aluminum alloy vertical frame, a digital display dial indicator mounting disc, a mounting disc fixing plate and dial indicator fixing blocks, the sensor and the fixed mounting module thereof are vertically symmetrical and are respectively provided with 6 digital display dial indicators, and the mounting disc fixing plate and the dial indicator fixing blocks are used for fixing the digital display dial indicator and the digital display dial indicator mounting disc.

3. The pressing module comprises an electric linear displacement platform, an aluminum alloy cross beam and a triangular pressing piece, wherein the electric linear displacement platform is used for driving the triangular pressing piece to move downwards through the aluminum alloy cross beam to press the valve plate. The measuring rod lifting module is composed of an electric linear displacement platform, an aluminum alloy cross beam and a digital display dial indicator lifting disc, the electric linear displacement platform is symmetrical up and down, the electric linear displacement platform is used for driving the digital display dial indicator lifting disc through the aluminum alloy cross beam to enable a digital display dial indicator set to move upwards integrally so as to be placed in the valve plate, and measured values of the digital display dial indicator set can be displayed in real time and are guided into a computer to realize simultaneous multi-point measurement; and the upper surface and the lower surface can be measured simultaneously, so that the measuring time is reduced.

4. The data processing and display module is used for data compensation and planeness error evaluation after the device measures data, and a final planeness error result is displayed on a computer. The experiment table module is used for placing the linear electric displacement platform, the aluminum alloy frame and the valve plate.

5. The detection method of the contact type valve plate flatness detection device adopts the device of claim 1, and is characterized in that: the first step, the measuring head and the pressing module are lifted, and the valve plate is installed to the position to be detected. And secondly, controlling the compression module to descend by using the linear motor until the valve plate is compressed. And thirdly, controlling the lifting rod motor of the digital display dial indicator to descend to press the lifting rod motor to a workpiece to be measured to obtain measurement data, simultaneously jacking the motor on the reverse side to obtain the measurement data, and transmitting the two groups of data into a computer. If a measuring point needs to be added, the compressing module is pulled up, and then the valve plate is manually rotated, so that the measuring points of the digital display dial indicator set are different from the previous measuring points, the measuring points are encrypted, the planeness evaluation error is reduced, and the reliability of the device is improved. The planeness error evaluation is carried out according to the intersection criterion in the minimum containment region, the difference value of each measuring point relative to the fitting plane is obtained, and the maximum value f of the difference value is further obtained_maxAnd a minimum value f_minThe flatness error f is the maximum value f_maxAnd a minimum value f_minThe difference between them.

6. The contact type port plate flatness detecting apparatus detecting method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the diameter of the valve plate is about 120mm, the distribution number is selected according to national standard recommendation, and 12 points are selected for distribution measurement. The national standard is used as a reference, and the first circular point distribution mode is selected as the point distribution mode of the method.

7. The contact type port plate flatness detecting apparatus detecting method according to claim 5, characterized in that:

and (4) calibrating the single digital display dial indicator by adopting a measuring block combination method. Firstly, a standard measuring block 1 is placed on a desktop, and the initial displacement reading X of a digital display dial indicator₁Then, the standard gauge block 2 is ground on the standard gauge block 1, and the standard height of the standard gauge block 2 is h₁At the moment, the digital display dial indicator reading is X₂. Then the reading X is compared to the initial displacement₁The amount of change in displacement is X₂-X₁Is marked as delta₁. Secondly, taking down the standard gauge block 2, grinding the standard gauge block 3 onto the standard gauge block 1, wherein the standard height of the standard gauge block 3 is h₂At the moment, the digital display dial indicator reading is X₃. Then the reading X is compared to the initial displacement₁The amount of change in displacement is X₃-X₁Is marked as delta₂. Standard value h according to standard gauge blocks 2 and 3₁、h₂And the variation of the displacement reading of the digital display dial indicator is compared by a two-point calibration method (delta)₁,h₁)，(△₂,h₂) And obtaining respective compensation relations, wherein each digital display dial indicator needs to be calibrated. The height of the installation position of the digital display dial indicator set is compensated, the digital display dial indicator installation disk is ensured to be vertical, the digital display dial indicator set measures the distance from the same standard flat crystal, each digital display dial indicator value is obtained, and the compensation value t of the height of the installation position of each digital display dial indicator can be obtained_i(i＝1,2，…，24)。

8. The contact type port plate flatness detecting apparatus detecting method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the contact type valve plate flatness detection device needs to use a flat crystal to verify the precision of the measurement device and judge whether the measurement device meets the requirement of 5 mu m. The standard flat crystal has flatness error of 0.05 μm.

9. The contact type port plate flatness detecting apparatus detecting method according to claim 5, characterized in that: after the digital display dial gauge combination is used for a period of time, the abrasion of the measuring heads needs to be compensated, the abrasion conditions of the measuring heads are inconsistent, and only the measured workpiece needs to be changed into a standard flat crystal to obtain a compensation value of the height of the digital display dial gauge combination for compensation.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a detection device suitable for flatness measurement, in particular to a detection device suitable for flatness measurement of a contact type valve plate.

Background

The valve plate is an important part in a hydraulic system of the excavator, and the flatness of the valve plate can influence the power consumption and the service life of the hydraulic system, so that the normal work of the excavator is influenced. In order to prevent the flow distribution plate with poor flatness from flowing into the subsequent assembly production of the excavator to cause the excavator to be incapable of working normally, the flow distribution plate needs to be subjected to strict flatness detection when leaving a factory.

At present, related enterprises mainly finish the detection of the planeness of the port plate by manually operating a dial indicator, the bottom of an indicator rod of the dial indicator is firstly pressed against the port plate, an indicator value of the dial indicator is read, the position of the dial indicator is manually moved, the indicator value of the dial indicator is read again, a plurality of dial indicator values are obtained by measuring for many times, a detection result is transmitted to a computer, and the planeness is evaluated. With the increasingly complicated shapes of the valve plates and the rapid development of science and technology, in practical application, higher updating requirements are provided for flatness detection of the valve plates, and even flatness errors are required to reach 5 micrometers, so that production enterprises are required to detect each valve plate, however, the traditional detection method is low in efficiency, high in labor intensity of workers, prone to errors due to visual fatigue after long-term work, poor in reliability of detection results, and incapable of meeting the requirements of purchasers on product quality inspection and the requirements of transformation development of the enterprises.

Therefore, it is very important to develop a device capable of performing contact type flatness detection on the flatness error of the valve plate, and the device can quickly complete the flatness detection of the valve plate, store the detection result in a database, and improve the product quality detection capability and quality tracing management system of enterprises.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the shortcomings of the background art, the invention aims to provide a detection device for detecting the flatness of a valve plate.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the detection device comprises a sensor, a fixed mounting module of the sensor, a pressing module, a measuring rod lifting module, a data processing and displaying module and a laboratory bench module.

The flow distribution plate is arranged on the workbench, the electric linear displacement platforms are fixed on the desktop, the aluminum alloy beams are fixed on the corresponding electric linear displacement platform sliders, and the two electric linear displacement platforms are used for pressing the flow distribution plate or lifting the digital display dial indicator lifting plate to drive the digital display dial indicator set to move up and down.

The sensor and the fixed mounting module thereof are composed of an aluminum alloy vertical frame, a digital display dial indicator mounting disc, a mounting disc fixing plate and dial indicator fixing blocks, the sensor and the fixed mounting module thereof are vertically symmetrical and are respectively provided with 6 digital display dial indicators, and the mounting disc fixing plate and the dial indicator fixing blocks are used for fixing the digital display dial indicator and the digital display dial indicator mounting disc.

The pressing module comprises an electric linear displacement platform, an aluminum alloy cross beam and a triangular pressing piece, wherein the electric linear displacement platform is used for driving the triangular pressing piece to move downwards through the aluminum alloy cross beam to press the valve plate. The measuring rod lifting module is composed of an electric linear displacement platform, an aluminum alloy cross beam and a digital display dial indicator lifting disc, the electric linear displacement platform is symmetrical up and down, the electric linear displacement platform is used for driving the digital display dial indicator lifting disc through the aluminum alloy cross beam, the digital display dial indicator set can be integrally moved upwards so as to be placed in the valve plate, the measured value of the digital display dial indicator set can be displayed in real time and is guided into a computer, and multi-point simultaneous measurement is achieved; and the upper surface and the lower surface can be measured simultaneously, so that the measuring time is reduced.

And the data processing and displaying module is used for evaluating flatness errors after data measurement of the contact type valve plate flatness detecting device and displaying a final flatness error result on a computer. The experiment table module is used for placing the linear electric displacement platform, the aluminum alloy frame and the valve plate.

The method for performing contact detection on the planeness of the port plate by using the device comprises the following steps:

the first step, the measuring head and the pressing module are lifted, and the valve plate is installed to the position to be detected. And secondly, controlling the compression module to descend by using the linear motor until the valve plate is compressed. And thirdly, controlling the lifting rod motor of the digital display dial indicator to descend to press the lifting rod motor to a workpiece to be measured to obtain measurement data, simultaneously jacking the motor on the reverse side to obtain the measurement data, and transmitting the two groups of data into a computer. If a measuring point needs to be added, the compressing module is pulled up, and then the valve plate is rotated manually, so that the measuring points of the digital display dial indicator set are different from those of the digital display dial indicator set, the measuring points are encrypted, flatness evaluation errors are reduced, and the reliability of the detection device is improved. Fourthly, compensating the installation error of each digital display dial indicator to the measured value, and then utilizingPerforming plane fitting by using a cross criterion in the minimum containment region to obtain the difference value of each measuring point relative to a fitting plane, substituting the difference value of each measuring point relative to the fitting plane into the error compensation relation of each digital display dial indicator, and finally obtaining the maximum value f of the difference value of the front surface and the back surface_maxAnd a minimum value f_minThe flatness error f is the maximum value f_maxAnd a minimum value f_minThe difference, i.e. f ═ f_max-f_min。

The diameter of a valve plate of the device is about 120mm, the distribution number is selected according to national standard recommendation, and 12 points are selected for distribution measurement. The national standard is used as a reference, and the first circular point distribution mode is selected as the point distribution mode of the method.

In the detection method, the digital display dial indicator is calibrated by a measuring block combination method. Firstly, a standard measuring block 1 is placed on a desktop, and the initial displacement reading X of a digital display dial indicator₁Then, the standard gauge block 2 is ground on the standard gauge block 1, and the standard height of the standard gauge block 2 is h₁At the moment, the digital display dial indicator reading is X₂. Then the reading X is compared to the initial displacement₁The amount of change in displacement is X₂-X₁Is marked as delta₁. Secondly, taking down the standard gauge block 2, grinding the standard gauge block 3 onto the standard gauge block 1, wherein the standard height of the standard gauge block 3 is h₂At the moment, the digital display dial indicator reading is X₃. Then the reading X is compared to the initial displacement₁The amount of change in displacement is X₃-X₁Is marked as delta₂. Standard value h according to standard gauge blocks 2 and 3₁、h₂And the variation of the displacement reading of the digital display dial indicator is compared by a two-point calibration method (delta)₁,h₁)，(△₂,h₂) The following compensation relation is obtained, and each digital display dial indicator needs to be calibrated.

The height of the mounting position of the digital display dial indicator set is compensated, the mounting plate of the digital display dial indicator is ensured to be vertical, and the digital display dial indicator set is used for measurementObtaining the value of each digital display dial indicator by the distance from the same standard flat crystal, namely obtaining the compensation value t of the height of the installation position of the digital display dial indicator group_i(i＝1,2，…，24)。

The contact type valve plate flatness detection device needs to use a flat crystal to verify the precision of the measurement device and judge whether the measurement device meets the requirement of 5 mu m. The standard flat crystal has flatness error of 0.05 μm.

After the digital display dial gauge combination is used for a period of time, the abrasion of the measuring heads needs to be compensated, the abrasion conditions of the measuring heads are inconsistent, and only the measured workpiece needs to be changed into a standard flat crystal to obtain a compensation value of the height of the digital display dial gauge combination for compensation.

Compared with the background art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

in the invention, the digital display dial indicator is adopted to detect the flatness error of the valve plate, the price is low and the data can be directly exported.

In the invention, 6 display dial indicators are fixed on the dial indicator mounting disc for simultaneous measurement, so that multipoint simultaneous measurement can be realized, and the measurement speed is high.

The invention adopts the simultaneous measurement of the upper surface and the lower surface, and can achieve the purpose of simultaneous measurement of the front surface and the back surface.

In the invention, if a measuring point needs to be added, the pressing module can be lifted, the valve plate is manually rotated, the measuring point is encrypted, and the detection reliability of the device is reduced.

The precision can be improved through the calibration of the digital display dial indicator and the compensation of the installation height of the digital display dial indicator set.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a contact port plate flatness detecting apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a measurement diagram of the contact type port plate flatness detecting apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a view showing the construction of a compression module according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of the sensor and its fixed mounting module according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural view of a spindle lifting module of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of the digital dial indicator of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a layout diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the digital dial indicator compensation of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of flatness error compensation calculation of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a traceback path diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the valve plate 4 is arranged on the workbench 1, the electric linear displacement platforms 3, 9 and 10 are fixed on the desktop, the aluminum alloy beam is fixed on the corresponding electric linear displacement platform slide block, the electric linear displacement platform 3 slide block is used for pressing the valve plate, and the electric linear displacement platforms 9 and 10 slide block are used for pulling the digital display dial indicator pulling plate to drive the digital display dial indicator set to move up and down.

As shown in fig. 3, the pressing module motor 14 drives the coupler 12, so that the slider 11 drives the aluminum alloy beam 5 and the triangular pressing member 15 to move up and down, the upward movement of the motor facilitates the installation of the workpiece to be tested, and the downward movement of the motor facilitates the pressing of the workpiece to be tested.

As shown in fig. 4, the sensor and the fixed installation module thereof are composed of an aluminum alloy vertical frame 2, a digital display dial indicator 7, a digital display dial indicator installation disc 8, an installation disc fixing plate 17 and a dial indicator fixing block 18. The digital display dial indicator mounting disc 8 is fixed on the aluminum alloy vertical frame 2 through a mounting disc fixing plate 17, and the digital display dial indicator 7 is vertically fixed on the digital display dial indicator mounting disc 8 through a dial indicator fixing block 18.

As shown in fig. 5, the measuring rod lifting module is composed of an electric linear displacement platform 9, an aluminum alloy beam 5 and a digital display dial indicator lifting disc 6. The measuring bar lifting module motor 14 drives the coupler 12, so that the sliding block 11 drives the aluminum alloy cross beam 5 and the digital display dial indicator lifting disc 6 to move up and down, and the digital display dial indicator lifting disc 6 drives the digital display dial indicator set to move up and down, and the measuring bar lifting module motor is suitable for workpieces to be measured with different thicknesses.

As shown in fig. 6, the digital dial indicator is composed of a lifting bar 19, a gauge head 20, and a gauge head 21.

As shown in figure 7, the invention measures a circumference, the digital display dial indicators are installed one at every 60 degrees, the digital display dial indicator groups on two sides move up and down simultaneously, 12 points are measured simultaneously, data are transmitted into two databases, the valve plate needs to be manually rotated and measuring points are encrypted because of too few measuring points, then the numerical values of 12 points are measured, namely 12 measuring points are obtained on the front side and the back side, and the planeness error of two planes of the valve plate can be obtained through calculation.

As shown in FIG. 8, when calibrating the digital dial indicator, firstly, the standard gauge block 1 is placed on the air-float rotary table, and the initial displacement reading X of the digital dial indicator₁Then, the standard gauge block 2 is ground on the standard gauge block 1, and the standard height of the standard gauge block 2 is h₁At the moment, the digital display dial indicator reading is X₂. Then the reading X is compared to the initial displacement₁The amount of change in displacement is X₂-X₁Is marked as delta₁. Then the standard gauge block 2 is taken down, the standard gauge block 3 is ground on the standard gauge block 1, and the standard height of the standard gauge block 3 is h₂At the moment, the digital display dial indicator reading is X₃. Then the reading X is compared to the initial displacement₁The amount of change in displacement is X₃-X₁Is marked as delta₂. Comparing the standard values of the standard gauge blocks 2 and 3 and the displacement reading variation of the digital display dial indicator, and calibrating by a two-point calibration method (delta)₁,h₁)，(△₂,h₂) And obtaining the following compensation relation, wherein each measuring head has the following compensation relation, and each digital display dial indicator needs to be calibrated.

As shown in FIG. 9, in the measurement, first, the value m of each point is measured from the distribution diagram₁，m₂,…,m₁₂,n₁,n₂,…,n₁₂Then, the error t is displayed by each digital display dial indicator_iCompensating the measured values of the digital display dial indicators, fitting a plane by a minimum containment area method after compensation to obtain the difference value Delta m between each point and the fitting plane₁，△m₂,…,△m₁₂,△n₁,△n₂,…,△n₁₂Substituting the difference value into the compensation switch of the error of the digital display dial indicatorObtaining a corresponding difference f₁,f₂,…f₁₂,f₁₃,f₁₄,…,f₂₄Then finding out f on the front and back sides respectively_max，f_minFrom the formula f to f_max-f_minAnd obtaining flatness error values of the two planes.

As shown in fig. 10, the digital dial indicator used in the device of the present invention is periodically calibrated, so that the flatness detection result of the port plate can be traced to the national length standard.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.