阅读说明：本技术 同步电动机以及这种电动机的组装方法 (Synchronous motor and method for assembling such a motor ) 是由 J·佩耶 P·布里翁 T·托朗瑟 于 2018-04-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：同步电动机包括管状的定子(2)和在定子(2)内围绕与定子同轴的旋转轴线(X)旋转的转子,定子具有均由导线卷绕而形成的多个线圈。定子(2)具有：法兰(22),固定安装在定子的端部分上；电绝缘的支承件(23),固定于法兰并配有电连接器(233),每个电连接器都具有一供电端子(2331)和电连接于相应供电端子的两个弯片(2332,2333),每个电连接器的弯片都与线圈的导线端部分电连接,每个电连接器形成与同步电动机的不同供电相连接的两个线圈之间的公共连接点。(The synchronous motor includes a tubular stator (2) having a plurality of coils each formed by winding a wire, and a rotor rotating within the stator (2) about a rotation axis (X) coaxial with the stator. The stator (2) has: a flange (22) fixedly mounted on an end portion of the stator; electrically insulating supports (23) fixed to the flange and provided with electrical connectors (233), each electrical connector having a supply terminal (2331) and two bent tabs (2332, 2333) electrically connected to the respective supply terminal, the bent tabs of each electrical connector being electrically connected to portions of the ends of the wires of the coils, each electrical connector forming a common connection point between two coils connected to different supplies of the synchronous motor.)

1. A synchronous motor (1; 1 ') includes a tubular stator (2; 2') and a rotor (3) rotating within the stator (2; 2 ') about a rotation axis (X) coaxial with the stator (2; 2'), the stator (2; 2 ') having a plurality of coils (21A, 21A', 21B, 21B ', 21C, 21C') each formed by winding a wire,

characterized in that the stator (2; 2') has:

-a flange (22; 22 ') fixedly mounted on the end of the stator (2; 2 ') while bearing against the stack of metal plates forming the hollow body of the stator (2; 2 ');

-electrically insulating supports (23) fixed to the flange and provided with electrical connectors (233, 233 ', 233 "), each having a supply terminal (2331, 2331 ', 2331") and two bent tabs (2332, 2333, 2332 ', 2333 ', 2332 ", 2333") electrically connected to the respective supply terminal, the bent tabs of each electrical connector being electrically connected to the wire end portions of the coils, each electrical connector (233, 233 ', 233 ") forming a common connection point between two coils (21A, 21A ', 21B ', 21C ') connected to different supplies of the synchronous motor (1; 1 ').

2. Synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the synchronous motor further has a printed circuit board (25; 25 ') the rigid base of which is interposed between the support (23; 23 ') and the flange (22; 22 ').

3. Synchronous motor according to claim 2, characterized in that the printed circuit board (25 ') is at least partially received in a central hole (232 ') of the support (23 ').

4. Synchronous motor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it further has an additional support (28) for supporting the printed circuit board (25 '), which is interposed between said support (23 ') and the end cap (26), the additional support being provided with a projection (281) arranged to support an offset electrical connector connected to the printed circuit board (25 ').

5. Synchronous motor according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coils (21A, 21A ', 21B, 21B ', 21C, 21C ') are electrically connected to each other in a delta-fitting manner.

6. Synchronous motor according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical connectors (233, 233 ', 233 ") are arranged on the perimeter of the support (23; 23') while being angularly separated by 120 ° with respect to each other.

7. Synchronous motor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support (23; 23 ') is fixed to the flange (22; 22 ') by snap-in, for which purpose the flange and the support have fixing elements (227, 235; 227 ') of complementary shape.

8. Synchronous motor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support (23; 23 ') bears against an end edge of the flange (22; 22').

9. A manufacturing method for manufacturing a synchronous motor (1) according to claim 1, comprising a tubular stator (2; 2 ') and a rotor (3) rotatable within the stator (2; 2 ') around a rotation axis (X) coaxial with the stator (2; 2 '), characterized in that the manufacturing method comprises the steps of:

a) providing a stator (2; 2') provided with a flange (22; 22') fixedly mounted on the stator (2; 2') and bears against the stator (2; 2') of the hollow body;

b) -winding (100) a wire to form a stator (2; 2 ') forming a coil (21A, 21A', 21B ', 21C');

c) -electrically insulating the support (23; 23') fixing (102; 104) between the flange (22; 22'), a support (23; 23 ') are provided with electrical connectors (233, 233', 233 "), each having a power supply terminal (2331, 2331 ', 2331") and two bent pieces (2332, 2333, 2332', 2333 ', 2332 ", 2333") electrically connected to the power supply terminal, each bent piece being positioned to face the wire end portion (211A, 211A', 211B '211C, 211C') of the coil to grip the wire end portion;

d) electrically connecting each bent piece (2332, 2333, 2332 ', 2333', 2332 ", 2333") to the clamped wire end portion (211A, 211A ', 211B', 211C '), each electrical connector (233, 233', 233 ") being formed to be electrically connected to a synchronous motor (1; 1 ') of the coils (21A, 21A', 21B ', 21C') connected by different supply phases.

10. The manufacturing method according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises, before the step of fixing the support (23) to the flange (22), a step of adding a printed circuit board (25; 25 '), the rigid substrate of the printed circuit board (25; 25') being interposed between the support (23; 23 ') and the flange (22; 22').

11. A manufacturing method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the manufacturing method comprises a step of fixing a cover (26) to the stator, the power supply terminals protruding through the bottom of the cover (26) when the cover is mounted on the stator.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a synchronous motor and an assembling method for assembling the same.

The present invention relates generally to the field of screening devices having an electric drive which moves a screen between at least a first position and a second position.

More generally, the invention relates to the field of electric motors, such as direct-conversion brushless synchronous motors, particularly for use in tubular motor actuators intended to rotate winding tubes on which blinds are wound.

Background

The structure of this motor is as follows. These motors have a stator and a rotor that rotates relative to the stator, the stator and the rotor being positioned coaxially about an axis of rotation. The rotor has a rotor body provided with magnetic elements, such as permanent magnets, distributed over the outer surface of the rotor. The magnetic elements of the rotor are surrounded by a stator. The stator is formed by a stator core having polar elements supporting windings or coils, which are distributed over the circumferential wall of the stator, in particular the inner wall of the stator body. The motor may be an inner rotor type motor.

The coils of the stator are each wound with electrical leads around the polar elements forming the support. The coil is adapted to selectively pass an external supply current supplied by an external power source to produce magnetic induction for driving rotation of the rotor. An external power supply is connected to the coil by a dedicated connector.

Several methods are known for electrically connecting the coil to these connectors, but these methods are not entirely satisfactory.

On some motors, the ends of the wires forming each coil are connected to metal terminals which are inserted into a plastic wall fixed to the stator wall, for example a plastic overmoulding which overmoulds a stack of metal plates forming the stator body.

One drawback of this approach is that the plastic walls are bulky, requiring a large volume to be able to integrate the connector technology. It is not suitable for the case where the motor is limited in size. This is particularly true for tubular motors of limited diameter, for example with a diameter less than or equal to 50 mm, or even less than or equal to 40 mm, in particular about 36 mm, so that they can be inserted into a winding tube with an internal diameter of about 40 mm.

According to another known method, the ends of the wires are connected directly to a printed circuit, which is fixed directly to the stator or to an intermediate part, which in turn is fixed to the ends of the stator. Therefore, the manufacturing method must include an additional step of soldering the wires to the printed circuit. Thus, the complexity and cost of the motor is increased.

In this case, moreover, the presence of a printed circuit is indispensable for connecting the coils. However, there are applications such as sensorless motors where such printed circuits are not necessary. Therefore, it is excessive to use a printed circuit only for the sole purpose of making a connection.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims in particular to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a coil connection device for the stator of an electric motor that is easier to manufacture.

To this end, the invention relates to a synchronous motor comprising a tubular stator and a rotor rotating within the stator about a rotation axis coaxial with the stator, the stator having a plurality of coils each formed by winding a wire. The stator has: a flange fixedly mounted on the end of the stator while bearing against the stack of metal plates forming the hollow body of the stator; and electrically insulating supports fixed to the flange and provided with electrical connectors, each electrical connector having a supply terminal and two bent blades electrically connected to the respective supply terminal, the bent blades of each electrical connector being electrically connected to portions of the ends of the conductors of the coils, each electrical connector forming a common connection point between two coils connected to different supplies of the synchronous motor.

Thanks to the invention, the functions relating to the connection are performed on a dedicated support, not directly on the stator or through a printed circuit board.

Since the connection of the coils is made independently of the printed circuit board, the absence of a printed circuit board does not adversely affect the construction of the motor.

According to advantageous but optional aspects of the invention, such a motor may have one or more of the features of claims 2 to 8, considered alone or according to any technically feasible combination.

According to another aspect, the invention also relates to a manufacturing method for manufacturing the aforementioned synchronous motor, which comprises a tubular stator and a rotor rotatable within the stator about a rotation axis coaxial with the stator. The manufacturing method is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

a) providing a stator provided with a flange fixedly mounted on one end of the stator while bearing against a stack of metal plates forming a hollow body of the stator;

b) winding a wire to form a coil in the stator;

c) fixing electrically insulating support members to the flange, the support members being provided with electrical connectors each having a power supply terminal and two bent pieces electrically connected to the power supply terminal, each bent piece being positioned to face the wire end portion of the coil to hold the wire end portion;

d) each bent piece is electrically connected to the clamped wire end portion, each electrical connector forming a common connection point between two coils connected to different supplies of the synchronous motor.

According to advantageous but optional aspects of the invention, such a manufacturing method may have one or more of the features of claim 10 or 11 considered alone or according to any technically feasible combination.

Drawings

The invention will be better understood and other advantages will be more clearly apparent from the following description of an embodiment of the electric motor, provided by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic view of a motor according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit for the motor of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a close-up schematic view of a flange and support of the stator of the motor of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the stator shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the stator shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of an assembly method for assembling the motor of FIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 and 8 are schematic views of another embodiment of the motor of fig. 1 to 5.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a synchronous motor 1, here a brushless direct current (BLDC) type motor of the direct conversion type.

The electric motor 1 has a stator 2 and a rotor 3 movable relative to the stator 2 about a rotation axis X.

The stator 2 has a tubular hollow body, here cylindrical, with an axis of revolution coinciding with the axis X. In the assembled configuration of the electric motor 1, the rotor 3 is received within the stator 2 while being positioned coaxially to the axis X. The air gap separates the rotor 3 from the stator 2.

For example, the diameter of the hollow body is less than or equal to 10 cm, or preferably less than or equal to 5 cm.

The motor 1 is intended to be supplied by a three-phase current, called mains current, generated using a control circuit as shown in figure 2. For example, the three-phase current is generated from a direct-current voltage using a pulse width modulation method.

The supply current is thus composed of three currents phase-shifted with respect to each other, each current corresponding to one phase of the supply current, which phases are phase-shifted with respect to each other by, for example, 120 °.

The stator 2 has an electromagnet for generating a magnetic field that rotates to rotate the rotor 3. The electromagnets are arranged inside the stator 2, for example distributed around the axis X on the circumference of the inner surface of the hollow body.

Each electromagnet has a coil or solenoid formed by an electrical conductor wound around a core for one or more turns. The cores are, for example, polar elements, distributed on the inner circumference of the stator body and fixed to the stator body. The wires are made of, for example, enameled copper wires. Here, the wire diameter is less than or equal to 2 mm, preferably less than or equal to 1 mm, preferably less than or equal to 0.75 mm.

Each coil is for being supplied with power by one phase of a three-phase supply current.

In this embodiment, the stator 2 has six coils distributed on the inner circumference of the hollow body, with an angle of 60 ° between two adjacent coils, measured with respect to the axis X. Thus, each electrical phase of the supply current powers two different coils. Actually, coils corresponding to the same phase are arranged inside the stator 2 facing each other.

As shown in fig. 2, the coils connected to the first phase of the supply current are labeled 21A and 21A ', the coils connected to the second phase of the supply current are labeled 21B and 21B ', and the coils connected to the third phase of the supply current are labeled 21C and 21C '. Hereinafter, these coils are also generally indicated by the general reference numeral 21. The coils 21 are shown in fig. 2 to represent the mutual electrical coupling of these coils, rather than to represent their spatial arrangement within the rotor 2.

As is known, the control circuit of the electric motor 1 has a switching module 11 with a plurality of power switches, labeled K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 and K6, which, according to the received command signals 16, sequentially supply the coils 21 of the stator 2 with electric power to generate a rotating magnetic field. The command sequence is generated according to the relative position of the rotor 3 with respect to the coils 21 of the stator 2. The position of the switches K1 to K6 at a given moment therefore constitutes a command that determines the motor operation by the supply phase of the motor 1.

The switching module 11 is controlled by a control device 12 having a module 13 for generating command signals. Each of these modules has hardware and software arranged and configured such that the control device performs the method for generating command signals to operate the motor as described below.

The module 13 for generating command signals acquires information from a magnetic field sensor 14 fixedly positioned relative to the stator 2, in particular via a signal receiving interface 15. Preferably, these sensors 14 are binary output Hall effect sensors. Preferably, the sensors 14 are positioned at 120 ° or 60 ° relative to each other within the stator 2.

Alternatively, the module 13 for generating command signals estimates the position without sensors, as described for example in patent application EP 3014758.

The rotor 3 has a rotor body provided with magnetic elements (not shown), such as permanent magnets, arranged on the periphery of the rotor body. In the assembled configuration of the motor 1, these magnetic elements are surrounded by the stator 2 to interact with the rotating magnetic field generated by the coils 21 of the stator 2. These magnetic elements are for example ferrite magnets.

The rotor 3 also has an output shaft 31, which output shaft 31 drives a reduction gear and drives the output shaft of the electric actuator via the reduction gear. The electromechanical actuator is configured to rotate the mechanical load when the rotating magnetic field rotates the rotor 3. For example, the mechanical load is a roller blind, a shutter or a screen.

The electric motor 1 is therefore suitable for use in a controllable electromechanical actuator.

The stator 2 has a first flange 22 arranged at a first end of the tubular hollow body, in particular bearing against the stack of metal plates forming the stator hollow body, and a second flange 24 arranged at the opposite end of the tubular hollow body of the stator 2. The support 23 is also attached to the stator on the side of the first flange 22. The support 23 thus belongs to an integral part of the stator 2.

The motor 1 also has end caps 26 and 27, or shields, fixed to the opposite ends of the tubular hollow body, covering the flanges 22 and 24, respectively, in order to close the rotor-stator assembly with respect to the outside, thus protecting the coils 21 of the stator 2. Here, the cover 26 has passage openings, in particular electrical connection openings, to the stator, for example for supplying the coils of the stator 2 with a control circuit. The covers 26 and 27 also have a central hole concentric with the axis X to allow the passage of the shaft of the rotor body. Here, the covers 26 and 27 are made of a metal material. They may have a cylindrical recess for receiving a bearing or rolling bearing in which the end of the rotor body passing through the cap 26 or 27 is received.

Figures 3 to 5 show the flange 22 and the support 23 in more detail. In the embodiment shown in fig. 4 and 5, the support 23 is fixed to the flange 22 in a manner that will be explained later.

Here, the coils 21 are connected to three phases of the power current in a delta-shaped assembly as shown in fig. 2.

In this embodiment with six coils, the coils 21 connected to the same electrical phase of the supply current are connected in series with each other. Thus, it forms a pair of coils. Each pair of coils so formed is connected at each end to one end of another pair of coils connected to a different electrical phase of the supply current.

As an example, the coils 21A and 21A' are connected in series for being supplied by the first phase of the supply current. The coils 21A and 21A' are formed by the same wire being wound successively around different two cores arranged on the stator 2. Thus, the two coils 21A and 21A' are connected in series by wire intermediate portions (not shown) extending here at opposite ends of the main body of the stator 2. Advantageously, the flange 24 has guiding and retaining means for guiding and retaining the intermediate portion of the wire.

Reference numerals 211A and 211A' denote opposite end portions of the first conductive line. These end portions are intended to be connected to end portions of the other pair of coils 21 and to an external control circuit via the support 23. For this purpose, these end portions extend over the first end of the stator 2.

In this embodiment, after the coils 21A and 21A 'are wound, the lead portions 211A and 211A' protrude outside the hollow body of the stator on the first end side of the stator.

The other coils 21 are similarly connected. In particular, coils 21B and 21B 'are made of the second wire and coils 21C and 21C' are made of the third wire. Hereinafter, reference numerals 211B and 211B 'denote lead end portions connected to the coils 21B and 21B', and 211C 'denote lead end portions connected to the coils 21C and 21C'.

Thus, in this embodiment, to ensure that the coils are connected in a delta-shaped assembly, portions 211A and 211B are connected to each other at a first common connection point, portions 211C and 211A ' are connected to each other at a second common connection point, and portions 211B ' and 211C ' are connected to each other at a third common connection point. The first, second and third common connection points are connected to a first phase, a second phase and a third phase of the supply current, respectively.

In a variant, the stator 2 has only three coils 21, each of which is connected to one of the three electrical phases. In this case, the portions 211A and 211A 'correspond to opposite ends of the same coil 21A, the coil 21A' being eliminated. The same is true for sections 211B and 211B 'and for sections 211C and 211C'.

The flange 22 is fixedly mounted to a first end of the body of the stator 2. The flange 22 has a rigid body 221 fixed to the stator 2.

The flange 22 is made of an electrically insulating material, for example a plastic, such as polybutylene terephthalate or polyamide 66.

According to this embodiment, the flange 22 also has a retaining region 222, the retaining region 222 ensuring retention of the wire end portions to facilitate connection thereof.

Each holding region 222 is connected to a lead end portion. There are six retention areas 222, that is, there are as many retention areas 222 on the flange 22 as there are lead end portions 211A, 211A ', 211B ', 211C, and 211C '.

Each retention region 222 has one or more channel or trough-shaped edges 223 on the outside of the flange that receive a respective wire end portion. These edges 223 each extend over a portion of the circumference of the flange 22. Thus, the portion of the wire received in the edge 223 extends along a portion of the periphery of the flange 22.

Here, the flange 22 has a cylindrical shape with a circular bottom. Thus, each groove 223 describes a circular arc on a geometrical plane perpendicular to the axis X. The width of the groove 223 is selected according to the wire diameter. Here, it is the same for all the grooves 223 of the flange 22.

The region 222 also has one or more recesses 224, which are arranged in the flange. For example, in each region 222, a recess 224 is disposed between two grooves 223. In the assembled configuration of the motor 1, the respective lead end portions associated with the regions 222 are here received in two slots 223, extending above the recesses 224.

The flange 22 also has a fixing member 226 for holding fixed the ends or end regions of the lead end portions 211A, 211A ', 211B ', 211C and 211C ' received therein in the region 222. Each fixing element 226 has a clamp with two limbs which grip elastically against one another. For example, the branches are integrally formed with the remainder of the flange 22.

The ends of the end portions 211A, 211A ', 211B ', 211C and 211C ', here clamped and held in these fixing elements 226 between the branches of the clamp, extend perpendicularly to the perimeter of the flange 22.

In this embodiment, the same fixing member 226 fixes two different wire end portions belonging to different phases.

The support 23 has a body 231 and electrical connectors 233, 233', and 233 ″ carried by the body 231. The body 231 is of generally circular planar shape and is open with a central recess 232 to allow the rotor 3 to pass therethrough when the motor 1 is in the assembled configuration. The support 23 also has shells 234, each shell 234 at least partially surrounding one of the connectors 233, 233' and 233 ", here integrally formed with the main portion 231. For example, each cover 234 is overmolded over a portion of the connectors 233, 233', and 233 "associated with each cover.

The support 23 has two opposing surfaces, here an upper surface and a lower surface. Connectors 233, 233' and 233 "are supported by the upper surface.

Preferably, the body 231 and the casing 234 are made of thermoformed plastic. For example, polybutylene terephthalate or polyamide 66 is used.

The connectors 233, 233' and 233 ″ are arranged on the perimeter of the main body 231 while being separated in pairs by an angle of 120 °, the angle of separation being measured in a geometric plane perpendicular to the axis X2. In this embodiment, connectors 233, 233' and 233 "are identical. Therefore, only the connector 223 will be described in detail below. In fig. 4 and 5, components of connectors 233' and 233 "that are similar to components of connector 233 are identified with the same reference numerals and are designated with the addition of the prime and the prime, respectively.

The connector 233 has a straight power supply terminal 2331 and two bent pieces 2332 and 2333 arranged on both sides of the terminal 2331, where they are electrically connected to the terminal 2331 by a connecting portion 2334.

Here, the connector 233 is made as a single piece.

By way of example, the connector 233 is made of a metal, preferably a copper-zinc alloy such as CuZn 33R 480, pre-heated plated with a tin layer having a thickness between 1 and 3 microns.

In this embodiment, each bent plate 2332, 2333 has an inverted U-shape with a first branch connected to a connecting portion 2334. When the motor 1 is in the assembled configuration, the second branch of the inverted U extends above the periphery of the flange 22, the distal end of which is bent and received at the recess 224. Thus, during assembly of the motor 1, the support 23 can slide onto the flange 2 from above the end portion of the wire by a translational movement along the axis X.

The terminals 2331 extend parallel to the axis X. In this embodiment, the terminals 2331 project out of the cover 26 through the aforementioned holes when the motor 1 is in the assembled configuration.

Each connector 233, 233', and 233 "uses bent tabs 2332 and 2333 to couple pairs of coils with different connections. Each terminal 2331 is intended to be connected to one electrical phase of the supply current, here carried by a dedicated cable.

Thus, each connector 233, 233' and 233 "corresponds to a common connection point in the triangular assembly of coils 21.

In the embodiment shown in the figures, the connectors 233, 233' and 233 "are arranged on the support 23 such that the connecting portion 2335 faces the inside of the flange 22. Thus, in this embodiment, the flange 22 and the support 23 then form an electrical connection system for electrically connecting said coil 21, so as to ensure the supply of power to the coil. The support 23 is fixed to the flange 22 without any degree of freedom.

According to a variant not shown, the connectors 233, 233' and 233 "and in particular the bent tabs 2332, 2333 are arranged in a different manner, for example by opening towards the centre of the support 23. In this variant, the wire ends 211A, 211A ', 211B ', 211C and 211C ' of the coil do not extend around the flange, but run towards the inside of the rotor, in particular by a special operation of the winding machine described later. Thus, on the one hand, the ends of the bent plates 2332, 2333 are prevented from protruding beyond the flange 22, which could interfere with the positioning of the cover 26. On the other hand, the wires are prevented from being tensioned before being soldered at the bent plates 2332, 2333.

The support 23 is an attachment separate from the flange 22, which is fixed to the flange 22 without any degree of freedom.

This fixing is preferably a snap-fit fixing. For this purpose, the support 23 and the flange 22 have fixing elements of complementary shape. For example, the flange 22 has a claw 227 and the support 23 has a groove seat 235, where the groove seat 235 is arranged at the base of the casing 234. Each socket is complementary in shape to the fixed stud 227. In particular, the support 23 rests against the end of the flange facing the cover 26.

In this embodiment, the motor 1 has a printed circuit 25 comprising a rigid substrate on which the conductive tracks and the electronics are arranged. These electronic components are, for example, magnetic field sensors which measure the rotating magnetic field generated by the coil 21.

The printed circuit 25 is fixed on the lower surface of the body 231 of the support 23, for example by ultrasonic welding or thermal welding.

To this end, the lower surface has a fastening member for fastening the printed circuit board 25. Thus, the printed circuit board 25 is axially retained by the lower surface of the support, as necessary for operating the motor. The diameter of the support-pcb assembly is not increased beyond the maximum diameter of one or the other of the support member 23, the pcb 25, as is the case with the use of lateral fastening members.

For example, the body 231 of the support 23 has a plastic nib for insertion into a corresponding hole formed on the printed circuit 25 and then hot-pressed to hold the printed circuit board 25 and the support 23 relative to each other.

Here, the printed circuit 25 has connection seats 251, the connection seats 251 being arranged on the upper surface of the substrate facing the support 23, connected to the components of the printed circuit board 25 by means of conductive tracks of the printed circuit 25. The connection socket 251 allows the device to be connected to a control circuit of the motor 1. The support 23 has a cutout on its circular edge to allow the connection holder 251 to pass through when the printed circuit board 25 is attached to the support 23.

Here, the cover 26 advantageously has a hole with a shape complementary to the shape of the connection seat 251, allowing access to the connection seat from outside the motor 1.

In a variant, the printed circuit 25 may be eliminated.

One advantage of the electric motor 1 is therefore that the functions relating to the connection are performed on a dedicated support 23, and not directly on the stator 2 or through the printed circuit 25.

Furthermore, the region 222 allows the end portions of the conductors to extend and remain on the perimeter of the flange, facilitating the construction of the motor 1, and the region 222 also allows the connectors to be arranged on the perimeter of the stator 2, away from the axis X.

Furthermore, the absence of the printed circuit 25 is not detrimental to the construction of the motor 1, since the printed circuit 25 is intended to be fixed to the intermediate member, rather than directly to the stator, and the connection of the coils is made independently of the printed circuit 25.

An exemplary method for assembling the motor 1 will now be described with reference to fig. 5, using fig. 1 to 4.

First, the stator 2 is provided with a flange 2, and the flange 2 is fixed to one of the ends of the stator.

Next, during step 100, the coil 21 is formed by winding a wire around the core of the stator 2.

In this embodiment, each pair of coils connected to the same electrical phase is formed by the same wire. Therefore, three conductive wires are used to form these coils 21.

For example, the coils 21A and 21A' are formed sequentially by winding a first wire around two different cores. Once the winding is complete, the opposite end portions 211A and 211A' of the wire are brought to and located at the first end of the stator 22. Also, the coils 21B and 21B 'are formed by winding the second conductive wire, and the coils 21C and 21C' are formed by winding the third conductive wire.

Here, the winding is preferably performed simultaneously for all three wires using an automatic needle winder.

For example, a needle winder has a needle holder equipped with a movable winding head mounted at the end of a shaft and movable by reciprocating in the stator 2 along the axis X. The winding head has a plurality of winding needles arranged to slide within the winding head. Each winding needle is connected to one of the wires to be wound, which is unwound from the respective reservoir. For this purpose, each winding needle has an axial passage through which the wire to be wound passes.

As the needle holder is reciprocated linearly along the axis X within the stator 2, the needle holder repeatedly reaches a so-called neutral position at the opposite end of its linear trajectory. In each of these neutral positions, the needle holder is rotated in a predetermined direction by a selected angle corresponding to the number of windings that need to be made on the coil core. The wire thus follows a path that follows the winding needle in its movement. Therefore, the coil winding is gradually shaped.

The needle winder is moved, for example, by using a controllable actuator controlled by an electronic control unit executing a predetermined manufacturing program.

At the end of step 100, the coil 21 is made, with the respective lead end portions 211A, 211A ', 211B ', 211C ' extending at the first end of the stator 2, while being held in place or attached to the flange 22, for example by the needles of a winding machine, advantageously while being fixed by the fixing 226.

In this case, where the fixing is performed by the fixing, each end portion 211A, 211A ', 211B ', 211C ' moves along the outside of the flange and is then inserted between the branches of the clamp of the fixing, the terminal end region projecting radially with respect to the perimeter of the flange 22. Here, this movement is provided by a dedicated program of the winder.

Then, during step 102, the support 23 is fixed to the flange 22. To this end, in this embodiment, support 23 is first positioned over flange 22 such that pocket 235 is aligned with post block 227, and optionally bent tabs 2332 and 2333 are aligned with respective recesses 224.

Alternatively, as previously described, the printed circuit 25 is previously fixed on the support 23 by fixing the substrate of the printed circuit 25 to the lower surface of the main body 231.

Then, during step 104, the support 23 is moved by translation along the axis X to be fixed to the flange 22 by means of the snap action of the studs 227 with the housings 235. During such movement, the connector bent tabs 2332 and 2333, 2332 'and 2333', 2332 "and 2333" intercept the respective end portions 211A, 211A ', 211B', 211C and apply a pressing force to the respective end portions to bring the respective end portions towards the respective regions 222 with the ends held on the flanges.

Then, during step 106, the connector 233 is electrically connected to the coil 21 by soldering.

The bent tabs 2332, 2333 are pre-bent to grip the respective wire portions while applying a force to deform the tabs to grip to the respective wire portions. Then, once the bent piece is bent, welding is performed.

Then, if necessary, portions of the wires extending outside the jig 236, which are perpendicular to the circumference of the flange 22, are cut off. The advantage of this method is that the wire portions are held in place on the flanges by the slots 223, allowing easier attachment of the support 23.

In a second embodiment, in which the bent tabs open towards the center of the support, the ends of the wires are connected to these bent tabs after the support has been placed on the flange by corresponding programming of the winding machine. By securing the support 23 before moving the wire end portions into the bent pieces, it is avoided that the end portions 211A, 211A ', 211B ', 211C ' have to be subjected to a tensile stress on the flanges, which tensile stress weakens the end portions. Therefore, the risk of breakage of the coil wire during the operation of soldering the bent piece on the coil wire is limited.

Then, during a subsequent step, the assembly of the motor 1 is completed, in particular by inserting the rotor 3 into the body of the stator 2, by fixing the caps 26 and 27 on the ends of the stator 2.

Fig. 7 and 8 show a motor 1' according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Components similar to the motor 1 of the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals as those of the motor 1, and components that function in the same manner as the aforementioned components of the motor 1 are given the same reference numerals as those of the motor 1 and are given a prime notation "'" although they are different in structure. These parts are not described in detail, as the above description can be applied to them.

The stator 2 'of the electric motor 1' according to the second embodiment differs from the aforementioned stator 2 in particular in that:

the flange 22' has a lighter and more compact shape,

the change in shape of the support 23',

an additional component 28 for supporting the printed circuit board 25 'is interposed between the support 23' and the cover 26.

More precisely, the additional part 28 has at least one radial arm, here three coplanar radial arms, which extend perpendicularly to the axis X, arranged in a star around a central hole of the part 28, centred on the axis X and passed through by a portion of the rotor 3. The additional part 28 also has, at the end of said at least one radial arm, a projection 281 for supporting a biased electrical connector connected to the printed circuit 25' in place of the connector 251.

In the embodiment shown, the projection 281 extends parallel to the axis X, while projecting from the radial arm, radially offset with respect to the axis X. The protrusions 281 extend toward corresponding coupling holes formed in the cover 26. A conductive track (not shown) is provided and extends within the boss 281 and the radial arm supporting the boss. These conductive tracks are connected to the printed circuit 25' and the sensor 14 mounted on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB).

However, it will be appreciated that the additional component 28 may be eliminated when the motor 1 'does not have a printed circuit board 25'.

As shown in fig. 8, the support 23 ' has a body 231 provided with a central hole 232 ' wider than the hole 232 so as to allow passage of at least part of the printed circuit board 25 '. For example, the shape of the central aperture 232 ' is complementary to the shape of the printed circuit board 25 ', and more precisely to the shape of the rigid substrate of the printed circuit board 25 '. It will thus be appreciated that in the assembled configuration of the stator 2, the printed circuit board 25 'is partially, preferably completely, received within the aperture 232'. A holding wall 291 for holding the electric circuit 25 'is provided at the base of the support 23' on the side opposite to the side where the electric circuit 25 'is inserted into the hole 232'. Thus, in the configuration in which the additional member 28 is mounted on the support 23 ', the printed circuit 25 ' is axially retained between the additional member 28 and the support 23 '.

Advantageously, the support 23' also has at least one finger 292 for generating a distance with respect to the rotor 3. The distance-generating fingers project axially with respect to the upper surface of the support 23 'carrying said connectors 233, 233', 233 ". The tips 293 of the distance-producing fingers 292 are in contact with rolling bearings received in the cover 26. The sensor positioned on the printed circuit 25' is therefore located at a predetermined distance from the rolling bearing, determined by the height of the guide finger.

The bent tabs 2332 and 2333 of each connector 233 of the support 23' are here directed towards the center of the support 23. The flange 22' is modified accordingly. In particular, for each connector 233, the flange 22 'has a fixing claw piece 227' and a recess 224 combined with bent pieces 2332 and 2333. However, this arrangement of the bent tabs 2332 and 2333 can be made independently of the member 28 and independently of the above-described shape of the support 23'.

Apart from these differences, the function of the flange 22' is similar to that of the flange 22 described previously. In particular, the flange 22 ' is fixedly mounted on one end of the stator 2 ' while bearing against the stack of metal plates forming the hollow body of the stator 2 '. In particular, on the one hand, the flange 22' has a circular ring, which is located on the outer periphery of the metal plate forming the stator. The flange also has a plurality of cover pieces 294 which are held at the ring of the flange by bridges which extend from the ring of the flange inwardly thereof. The thickness of the cover 294 is approximately equal to the thickness of the metal plate of the stator and the width of the cover is equal to the width of the polar elements of the stator.

Thus, the cover 294 forms an extension or end portion of the polar element of the stator. The coils of the stator are each formed by winding an electrical conductor around the polar element, while the cover is on both sides of the polar element.

The support 23' is held against the cover 294. As an alternative to the support 23 'being snap-fitted to the flange using the retaining claws 227', the support may be mounted so as to be rotationally positionable only with respect to the flange. Then, during the mounting of the cover 26 on the flange and the stator, the support is retained by fitting (simple stacking of the components) between the flange and the rolling bearing attached in the cover 26.

This second embodiment, in particular reducing the series of dimensions and simplifying the assembly method of the motor 1 ', allows a better axial positioning of the sensors mounted on the printed circuit board 25' with respect to the magnets of the rotor. In practice, the rolling bearing is attached to the shaft of the rotor at a predetermined distance, the sensor positioned on the printed circuit 25' being located at a distance from the rolling bearing predetermined by the height of the guide finger, which is therefore kept at a predetermined distance from the rotor, this predetermined distance being ensured by the position of the rolling bearing resting on the rotor axis.

The above-described variant embodiments can be combined with each other to form new embodiments.