阅读说明：本技术 一种用于封闭容器前体的装置及其方法 (Device and method for closing container precursor ) 是由 诺伯特·加里茨 曼弗雷德·克拉森 托马斯·费腾 霍尔格·施密特 乌尔里希·阿勒夫 于 2015-10-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于封闭容器前体的装置及其方法,所述装置包括第一固定元件、另一固定元件和折叠的平面复合材料；其中所述第一固定元件包括第一固定表面,并且所述另一固定元件包括另一固定表面；其中所述折叠的平面复合材料至少部分地固定在所述第一固定表面和所述另一固定表面之间；其中所述折叠的平面复合材料包括第一复合区域；其中所述第一复合区域包括第一层序列,所述第一层序列包括包含第一载体层的第一复合层,包含第二载体层的第二复合层,包含第三载体层的第三复合层和包含第四载体层的第四复合层；其中在所述第一复合区域中,所述第二复合层接合到所述第三复合层,并且所述第三复合层接合到所述第四复合层；其中在所述第一复合区域中,所述第三载体层的特征在于比在每种情况下选自由所述第一载体层,所述第二载体层和所述第四载体层组成的组或者这些中的至少两种的组合中的一个更小的层厚度；其中所述第一固定表面或所述另一固定表面或两者包括包含第一凹陷区域的凹槽；其中所述第一复合区域至少部分地位于所述第一凹陷区域和所述第一固定表面或所述另一固定表面之间。(The present invention relates to an apparatus for closing a container precursor and a method thereof, the apparatus comprising a first fixing element, a further fixing element and a folded planar composite; wherein the first fixation element comprises a first fixation surface and the further fixation element comprises a further fixation surface; wherein the folded planar composite is at least partially secured between the first securing surface and the other securing surface; wherein the folded planar composite comprises a first composite region; wherein the first composite region comprises a first layer sequence comprising a first composite layer comprising a first carrier layer, a second composite layer comprising a second carrier layer, a third composite layer comprising a third carrier layer, and a fourth composite layer comprising a fourth carrier layer; wherein in the first composite region, the second composite layer is joined to the third composite layer and the third composite layer is joined to the fourth composite layer; wherein in the first composite region the third carrier layer is characterized by a smaller layer thickness than one selected in each case from the group consisting of the first carrier layer, the second carrier layer and the fourth carrier layer or a combination of at least two of these; wherein the first fixation surface or the other fixation surface or both comprise a groove comprising a first recessed region; wherein the first composite region is located at least partially between the first recessed region and the first fixing surface or the further fixing surface.)

1. An apparatus (100) comprising a first fixation element (103), a further fixation element (104) and a folded planar composite (101);

wherein the first fixation element (103) comprises a first fixation surface (105) and the further fixation element (104) comprises a further fixation surface (106);

wherein the folded planar composite (101) is at least partially fixed between the first fixing surface (105) and the further fixing surface (106);

wherein the folded planar composite (101) comprises a first composite region (107);

wherein the first composite region (107) comprises a first layer sequence comprising layers overlapping each other in a direction from the further fixation surface (106) to the first fixation surface (105): a first composite layer (201), a second composite layer (202), a third composite layer (203), and a fourth composite layer (204);

wherein in the first composite region (107), the second composite layer (202) is bonded to the third composite layer (203), and the third composite layer (203) is bonded to the fourth composite layer (204);

wherein the first composite layer (201) comprises a first carrier layer (205);

wherein the second composite layer (202) comprises a second carrier layer (216);

wherein the third composite layer (203) comprises a third carrier layer (207);

wherein the fourth composite layer (204) comprises a fourth carrier layer (210);

wherein in the first composite region (107), the third carrier layer (207) is characterized by a thinner layer thickness than is selected in each case from the group consisting of the first carrier layer (205), the second carrier layer (216) and the fourth carrier layer (210) or a combination of at least two of these;

the first fixing surface (105) or the further fixing surface (106) or both comprise a recess (217) of a first recessed area (211);

wherein the groove (217) has a first maximum depth (213) in the first recessed region (211);

wherein the first composite region (107) is at least partially located between the first recessed region (211) and the first fixing surface (105) or the further fixing surface (106).

2. The apparatus (100) of claim 1, wherein the folded planar composite (101) further comprises a second composite region (108);

wherein the second composite region (108) comprises a second layer sequence comprising layers overlapping each other in the direction from the further fixing surface (106) to the first fixing surface (105), a first composite layer (201), a second composite layer (202), a third composite layer (203) and a fourth composite layer (204);

wherein in the second composite region (108), the third composite layer (203) is joined to the fourth composite layer (204);

wherein in the second composite region (108) the first carrier layer (205) or the fourth carrier layer (210) or in each case has a layer thickness which is thicker than the layer thickness of the second carrier layer (216) or/and of the third carrier layer (207);

wherein the groove (217) further comprises a second recessed region (212);

wherein the groove (217) has a second maximum depth (214) in the second recessed region (212);

wherein the first maximum depth (213) is greater than the second maximum depth (214);

wherein the second composite region (108) is located at least partially between the second recessed region (212) and the first fixing surface (105) or the further fixing surface (106).

3. The device (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the further fixation surface (106) comprises the groove (217).

4. The device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first composite layer (201) comprises the first composite layer sequence, a first carrier layer (205) and a first barrier layer (206) in a direction from the further fixing surface (106) to the first fixing surface (105);

wherein the second composite layer (202) comprises a second barrier layer (215) and the second carrier layer (216) as the second composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface (106) to the first fixing surface (105);

wherein the third composite layer (203) comprises as the third composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface (106) to the first fixing surface (105) the third carrier layer (207) and a third barrier layer (208);

wherein the fourth composite layer (204) comprises a fourth barrier layer (209) and the fourth carrier layer (210) as the fourth composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface (106) to the first fixing surface (105).

5. The apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the first maximum depth (213) is 1.1 to 5 times the size of the second maximum depth (214).

6. The device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first composite region (107) is characterized by a first width (109);

wherein the first width (109) is in the range from 1 to 6 mm;

wherein the groove (217) has a length (801) perpendicular to the first width (109);

wherein the first recessed region (211) is wider than the first width (109) by at least 50% of the length (801).

7. The apparatus (100) of any of claims 2 to 6, wherein the second composite region (108) is characterized by a second width (110);

wherein the second width (110) is in the range of 1 to 10 mm;

wherein the groove (217) has a length (801) perpendicular to the second width (110);

wherein the second recessed region (212) is wider than the second width (110) by at least 50% of the length (801).

8. The device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the groove (217) has a length (801) in a circumferential direction of the fixation element (103, 104) comprising the groove (217);

wherein the width of the groove (217) becomes smaller along the periphery.

9. The device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first fixation element (103) or the further fixation element (104) or both are ultrasound generators.

10. The apparatus (100) of claim 9, wherein the sonotrode comprises one selected from the group consisting of an alloy comprising an extent of at least 90% titanium or aluminum or both, based on the weight of the alloy, steel, and a piezoelectric ceramic or a combination of at least two of these.

11. The apparatus (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the depth of the groove (217) is a universal constant function from a position (217) on a straight line extending in the direction of the width (802) of the groove (217).

12. The device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in the first composite region (107) the layer thickness of the third carrier layer (207) is in each case 0.05 to 0.9 times the layer thickness of the layer selected in each case from the group consisting of the first carrier layer (205), the second carrier layer (216) and the fourth carrier layer (210) or a combination of at least two of these.

13. The device (100) according to any of claims 2 to 12, wherein in the second composite region (108) the layer thickness of the first carrier layer (205) or the fourth carrier layer (210) or both in each case is 1.1 to 20 times the layer thickness dimension of the second carrier layer (216) or the third carrier layer (207) or both.

14. The device (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 13, wherein in the second composite region (108), the second composite layer (202) is not bonded to the third composite layer (203).

15. The device (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 14, wherein in the second recombination zone (108)

a) A surface of the second carrier layer (216) facing the third carrier layer (207),

b) a surface of the third carrier layer (207) facing the second carrier layer (216),

in each case not comprising a top layer and not connected to a top layer.

16. The device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in the first composite region (107), a surface of the third carrier layer (207) facing the second carrier layer (216) does not comprise a top layer and is not connected to a top layer.

17. The device (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 16, wherein the folded planar composite (101) comprises a third composite region (501);

wherein the third composite zone (501) comprises a third layer sequence comprising the first fixing surface (105), the second composite layer (202) and the fourth composite layer (204) overlapping each other in a direction from the further fixing surface (106) to the first composite layer (201);

wherein in the third composite region (501) the second composite layer (202) is joined to the fourth composite layer (204);

wherein the third composite region (501) is adjacent to the first composite region (107);

wherein the groove (217) comprises a third recessed region (503);

wherein the third recessed region (503) is adjacent to the first recessed region (211);

wherein the groove (217) has a third maximum depth (504) in the third recessed region (503);

wherein the first maximum depth (213) is greater than the third maximum depth (504);

wherein the third maximum depth (504) is greater than the second maximum depth (214);

wherein the third composite region (501) is located at least partially between the third recessed region (503) and the first fixing surface (105) or the further fixing surface (106).

18. The apparatus (100) of claim 17, wherein the first maximum depth (211) is 1.01 to 3 times the size of the third maximum depth (504).

19. The apparatus (100) of claim 17 or 18, wherein the third composite region (501) is characterized by a third width (502);

wherein the third width (502) is in the range of 1 to 12 mm;

wherein the groove (217) has a length (801) perpendicular to the third width (502);

wherein the third recessed region (503) is wider than the third width (502) by at least 50% of the length (801).

20. The apparatus (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the folded planar composite (101) is a container precursor (102) surrounding an interior (113).

21. The device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the folded planar composite (101) is configured as one piece.

22. A method (900) comprising method steps (901 to 904)

a) Providing a folded planar composite (101),

wherein the planar composite (101) comprises a first composite layer (201), a second composite layer (202), a third composite layer (203), a fourth composite layer (204) and a first composite region (107)

Wherein an intermediate region (1000) is located between the first composite layer (201) and the second composite layer (202);

wherein the first composite layer (201) comprises a first carrier layer (205);

wherein the second composite layer (202) comprises a second carrier layer (216);

wherein the third composite layer (203) comprises a third carrier layer (207);

wherein the fourth composite layer (204) comprises a fourth carrier layer (210);

wherein the first composite region (107) comprises a first layer sequence comprising layers overlapping each other in a direction from the intermediate region (1000) through the first layer sequence, the second composite layer (202), the third composite layer, the fourth composite layer (204);

wherein in the first composite region (107), the second composite layer (202) is bonded to the third composite layer (203), and the third composite layer (203) is bonded to the fourth composite layer (204);

wherein in the first composite region (107) the third carrier layer (207) is characterized by a thinner layer thickness than is selected in each case from the group consisting of the first carrier layer (205), the second carrier layer (202) and the fourth carrier layer (210) or a combination of at least two of these;

b) providing a first fixation element (103) comprising a first fixation surface (105) and a further fixation element (104) comprising a further fixation surface (106);

the first fixing surface (105) or the further fixing surface (106) or both comprise a recess (217) of a first recess region (211);

wherein the groove (217) has a first maximum depth (213) in the first recessed region (211);

c) bringing the fourth composite layer (204) into contact with the first fixing surface (105), the first composite layer (201) into contact with the further fixing surface (106), and the first composite layer (201) into contact with the second composite layer (202);

the first composite region (107) is located at least partially between the first recess region (211) and the first fixing surface (105) or the further fixing surface (106);

d) bonding the first composite layer (201) to the second composite layer (202).

23. The method (900) according to claim 22, wherein in method step a) (901), the folded planar composite (101) further comprises a second composite region (108);

wherein the second composite region (108) comprises a second layer sequence comprising the second composite layers (202) overlapping each other in a direction from the intermediate region (1000) through the second layer sequence, the third composite layer (203) the fourth composite layer (204);

wherein in the second composite region (108), the third composite layer (203) is joined to the fourth composite layer (204);

wherein in the second composite region (108) the first carrier layer (205) or the fourth carrier layer (210) or in each case has a thicker layer thickness than the second carrier layer (216) or the third carrier layer (207) or both in each case;

wherein in method step b) (902) the recess (217) further comprises a second recessed region (212);

wherein the groove (217) has a second maximum depth (214) in the first recessed region (211);

wherein the first maximum depth (213) is greater than the second maximum depth (214);

wherein in method step c) (903) the second composite region (108) is located at least partially between the second recess region (212) and the first fixing surface (105) or the further fixing surface (106).

24. The method (900) according to claim 22 or 23, wherein in method step d) (904) the first fixing surface (105) or the further fixing surface (106) or both are vibrated with respect to the face composite (101) to

a) A frequency in the range of 10 to 50kHz, or

b) An amplitude in the range of 3 to 20 μm, or

c) And both.

25. The method (900) according to any one of claims 22 to 24, wherein in method step d) (904) the joining is by transmitting ultrasonic vibrations from the first fixing element (103) or the further fixing element (104) or both to the folded planar composite (101).

26. The method (900) of claim 25, wherein the ultrasonic vibrations are excited for a duration in a range of 50 to 500 ms.

27. The method (900) according to any one of claims 22 to 26, wherein in method step a) (901) the planar composite (101) is a container precursor (102)

Wherein in method step d) (904) the joining is a closing of the container precursor (102).

28. The method (900) according to claim 27, wherein a foodstuff is introduced into the container precursor (102) before method step c) (903).

29. The method (900) according to one of claims 27 or 28, wherein the container precursor (102) is sterilized before method step c) (903).

30. A sealed container (1200) obtained by the method (900) according to any one of claims 22 to 29.

31. A closed container (1300) surrounding an interior (113), wherein the closed container (1300) comprises a folded planar composite (101), the folded planar composite (101) comprising:

comprising a first seam area (1303) and a further seam area (1304), wherein the first seam area (1303) is joined to the further seam area (1304) along a seam (1302),

wherein the first seam region (1303) or the further seam region (1304), or both, have a recess (1301) along the seam (1302).

32. Use of the device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 21 for joining the first composite layer (201) to the second composite layer (202).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device comprising a first fixing element, a further fixing element and a folded planar composite, in particular for closing a container precursor containing the planar composite; a method of joining a first composite layer to a second composite layer of a planar composite by means of a first fixing element and a further fixing element; a closed container obtainable by the above process; a closed container comprising a seam and a recess; and to applications of the above-mentioned device.

Background

For long shelf life food products, whether food for human consumption or animal feed products, the food is stored in cans with lids or in glass jars. The shelf life can be increased here on the one hand by sterilizing the food and the container (here a glass can or a pop can) as much as possible and then filling the container with the food and closing it. However, these measures which have been proven for a long time for increasing the shelf life of food products have a number of disadvantages, such as downstream sterilization which is again required. Due to their substantially cylindrical shape, cans and glass jars have the disadvantage that very dense and space-saving storage is not possible. Furthermore, cans and glass jars have a considerable inherent weight, which leads to an increased consumption of energy during transport. Furthermore, for the production of glass, tinplate and aluminum, a relatively high energy consumption is required, even if the raw materials used for this originate from recycled material. In the case of glass jars, the increased transportation costs are an increased complication. Glass jars are typically pre-made in glass articles and must then be transported to a food filling plant using considerable shipping volumes. Furthermore, glass jars and tear-off jars can only be opened by application of considerable force or with the aid of tools, and are therefore rather inconvenient. In the case of cans, there is also a high risk of sharp edges being created during opening. In the case of glass jars, glass fragments enter the food product forever during filling or opening of the filled glass jar, and in the worst case, can cause internal damage when the food product is consumed. In addition, labels must be adhered to cans and glass jars for identification and advertising of food contents. Information and advertising images cannot be printed directly on glass cans and ring-pull cans. In addition to the actual printing, substrates for this purpose, paper or suitable films, and also fastening means, adhesives or sealing compositions are required for this purpose.

Other packaging systems for storing food products for as long as possible without damage are known from the prior art. These are containers made of planar composite materials, also commonly referred to as laminates. Such planar composites are usually composed of a thermoplastic plastic layer, a carrier layer, usually made of paperboard or paper, an adhesion promoter layer, a barrier layer and a further plastic layer, as disclosed in particular in WO 90/09926 a 2.

These laminated containers already have many advantages over conventional glass cans and ring-pull cans. However, there are also possibilities for improvement with these packaging systems.

Accordingly, laminated containers are generally characterized in that they are made from a laminate that has been folded multiple times, wherein opposite end regions of the laminate have been sealed to one another, so as to first form a sleeve-like or tubular closed container precursor. The end regions sealed to one another form a longitudinal seam here, which is also present in the closed container. The longitudinal seam comprises the boundary edge of the laminate on the inside and on the outside of the container, at which edge moisture can penetrate into the layered structure of the laminate, in particular into the carrier layer, which is usually made of paperboard or paper. This must be prevented at least on the inside of the longitudinal seam, since the water-containing food is to be stored in the container. In the prior art, for this purpose, a sealing strip of polymer is sealed on the inside over the length of the longitudinal seam. Such a sealing strip is a component which is additionally used in the production process of containers. Furthermore, the sealing strip must be sealable. Therefore, it cannot be made of only an aluminum layer as in the conventional barrier layer. In order to achieve the barrier effect of the sealing strip, in the prior art the sealing strip is usually made of a sealable plastic with barrier effect, for example an EVOH layer. However, such plastics, which can become barriers, are relatively expensive, which increases the production costs of the container. Furthermore, the sealing of the sealing strip must be completely sealed over the entire length of the longitudinal seam in order to be able to prevent moisture penetration, since the sealing joint and the respective seam on both sides of the sealing strip have the entire longitudinal seam facing inwards and through this facing towards the food product.

In general, it is an object of the present invention to at least partly overcome the disadvantages occurring in the prior art. It is another object of the present invention to provide a container or container precursor or both wherein the container or container precursor is produced from a material selected from the group consisting of: less time required, less expensive and less raw starting materials required, or a combination of at least two of these. It is a further object of the invention to provide a container wherein the container, in particular the head region of the container, is as gas-tight or liquid-tight as possible or both. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a container or container precursor or both, wherein the container or container precursor does not comprise a plastic barrier or comprises an additional barrier strip, in each case for sealing the container or container precursor from the inside. It is another object of the present invention to provide a container or container precursor wherein as few seams or sealing joints as possible are exposed to the food product to be filled into the container or container precursor. It is another object of the present invention to provide a container or container precursor or both wherein the production of the container or container precursor is characterized by any one selected from the group consisting of: less production dusting, less production noise and longer useful life of the parting tool, or a combination of at least two of these. It is a further object of the invention to provide a container or container precursor or both in which as little additional bonding material as possible, such as sealing layers or adhesives, is used between the cut regions of the carrier material of the container or of the container precursor one on the other. It is a further object of the invention to provide a container or a container precursor or both, wherein there is a relatively large choice possibility regarding the layer thickness of the scraped carrier layer of the container or container precursor. It is another object of the present invention to provide a container or container precursor or both wherein the scraped area of the wall or the container or container precursor is more stable or rigid and therefore more resistant or/and easier to process. It is another object of the present invention to provide a container or container precursor or both wherein the seam, preferably the longitudinal seam, of the container or container precursor is protected from moisture penetration on the inside or outside or both. It is another object of the present invention to provide a container wherein the bacterial count of the container is lower for the same sterilization. Another object of the invention is to provide a container in which the container distorts the taste of the product contained by the container as little as possible. It is another object of the present invention to provide a container wherein the container has a combination of 2 or more of the above advantages. It is another object of the invention to provide a method for producing containers, wherein fewer containers with increased bacterial count are produced in the method. It is another object of the invention to provide a method for producing containers, wherein a lower proportion of waste containers can be produced by the method. It is a further object of the invention to provide a method for producing a container, wherein with the method lower production tolerances, preferably lower seam width variations, in the seam of the container can be achieved. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a container, wherein the method has an increased process stability. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a process for producing containers, wherein the process is simpler or faster or both. Another object of the invention is to provide a method for producing containers, wherein less space is required for the production equipment for carrying out the method. Another object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a container, wherein preferably as liquid and gas tight as possible is achieved in the head region of the container seal. Another object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a container, in which the burning of the container layer is preferably avoided as much as possible in the head region of the container. It is a further object of the invention to provide a method for producing a container, wherein the container layers are pressed together as uniformly as possible, preferably in the head region of the container during sealing and pressing. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a container, wherein the method has a combination of two or more of the above advantages.

A contribution to at least partly achieving at least one of the above objects is achieved by the independent claims. The dependent claims provide advantageous embodiments contributing to at least partly achieve at least one of the objects.

Disclosure of Invention

A contribution to at least one object according to the invention is achieved by embodiment 1 of the device 1 comprising a first fixing element, a further fixing element and a folded planar composite; wherein the first fixation element comprises a first fixation surface and the further fixation element comprises a further fixation surface; wherein the folded planar composite is at least partially secured between the first securing surface and the other securing surface; wherein the folded planar composite comprises a first composite region; wherein the first composite region comprises a first layer sequence comprising layers overlapping each other in a direction from the further fixing surface to the first fixing surface, a first composite layer, a second composite layer, a third composite layer and a fourth composite layer; wherein in the first composite region, the second composite layer is joined to the third composite layer and the third composite layer is joined to the fourth composite layer; wherein the first composite layer comprises a first carrier layer; wherein the second composite layer comprises a second carrier layer; wherein the third composite layer comprises a third carrier layer; wherein the fourth composite layer comprises a fourth carrier layer; wherein in the first composite region the third carrier layer is characterized by a smaller layer thickness than one selected from the group consisting of the first carrier layer, the second carrier layer and the fourth carrier layer in each case or a combination of at least two thereof; wherein the first fixation surface or the other fixation surface or both comprise a depression comprising a first depression region; wherein the depression has a first maximum depth in the first depression region; wherein the first composite region is located at least partially between the first recessed region and the first fixing surface or the further fixing surface.

Embodiment 2 of the apparatus 1 according to the invention is configured according to embodiment 1, wherein the folded planar composite further comprises a second composite region; wherein the second composite region comprises a second layer sequence comprising the first composite layer, the second composite layer, the third composite layer and the fourth composite layer overlapping one another in a direction from the further fixing surface to the first fixing surface; wherein in the second composite region, the third composite layer is joined to the fourth composite layer; wherein in the second composite region the first or fourth carrier layer or in each case is characterized by a greater layer thickness than the second or third carrier layer or in each case; wherein the depression further comprises a second depression region;

wherein the depression has a second maximum depth in the second depression region; wherein the first maximum depth is greater than the second maximum depth; wherein the second composite region is located at least partially between the second recessed region and the first fixing surface or the further fixing surface.

Embodiment 3 of the device 1 according to the invention is provided according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the further fixation surface comprises a depression.

Embodiment 4 of the device 1 according to the invention is configured according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the first composite layer comprises as a first composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface to the first fixing surface a first carrier layer and a first barrier layer; wherein the second composite layer comprises a second barrier layer and the second carrier layer as the second composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface to the first fixing surface; wherein the third composite layer comprises, as the third composite layer sequence, the third carrier layer and a third barrier layer in the direction from the further fixing surface to the first fixing surface; wherein the fourth composite layer comprises a fourth barrier layer and the fourth carrier layer as the fourth composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface to the first fixing surface.

Embodiment 5 of the device 1 according to the invention is configured according to any one of embodiments 2 to 4, wherein the first maximum depth is 1.1 to 5 times, preferably 1.1 to 4 times, more preferably 1.1 to 3 times, more preferably 1.1 to 2 times, more preferably 1.1 to 1.8 times, more preferably 1.1 to 1.5 times, most preferably 1.1 to 1.3 times the second maximum depth dimension.

Embodiment 6 of the device 1 according to the present invention is configured according to any one of embodiments 2 to 5, wherein the first recombination zone is adjacent to the second recombination zone; wherein the first recessed region is adjacent to the second recessed region.

Embodiment 7 of the device 1 according to the invention is provided according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the length of the recess in the circumferential direction of the fixation element comprising the recess is at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 25%, more preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50%, most preferably 100% of the length of the circumference.

Embodiment 8 of the device 1 according to the present invention is configured according to any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the first composite region is characterized by a first width; wherein the first width is in the range of 1 to 6mm, preferably 1 to 5mm, more preferably 2 to 4mm, most preferably 2 to 3 mm; wherein the recess has a length perpendicular to the first width; wherein the first recessed region is wider than the first width by a length of at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, most preferably at least 100%.

Embodiment 9 of the device 1 according to the present invention is configured according to any one of embodiments 2 to 8, wherein the second composite region is characterized by a second width; wherein the second width is in the range of 1 to 10mm, preferably 1 to 8mm, more preferably 2 to 6mm, most preferably 3 to 5 mm; wherein the recess has a length perpendicular to the second width; wherein the second recessed region is wider than the second width by at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, and most preferably at least 100% of the length.

An embodiment 10 of the device 1 according to the invention is provided according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the recess has a length in the circumferential direction of the fixation element comprising the recess; wherein the width of the recess along the perimeter is lower.

An embodiment 11 of the device 1 according to the invention is provided according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the recess is delimited on opposite sides of the recess by the first edge and the further edge; wherein the first edge comprises a straight first edge portion; wherein the further edge comprises a straight further edge portion; wherein the straight first edge portion and the straight further edge portion enclose an angle in the range of 5 to 30 °, preferably 5 to 25 °, more preferably 5 to 20 °, most preferably 10 to 20 °.

An embodiment 12 of the device 1 according to the invention is provided according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the first or the further fixing element or both are ultrasound generators.

Embodiment 13 of the device 1 according to the invention is set forth according to embodiment 12, wherein the sonotrode is any one selected from the group consisting of: comprises at least 90 wt.%, preferably at least 93 wt.%, more preferably at least 95 wt.% titanium or aluminum or both, by weight of the alloy; steel and piezoelectric ceramic or a combination of at least two of these; preferably made of the same. The preferred steel is sintered steel.

An embodiment 14 of the device 1 according to the invention is configured according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the depth of the recess is a universal constant function from a position on a line extending in the width direction. Preferably, the depth varies continuously and without jumps.

Embodiment 15 of the device 1 according to the invention is provided according to any one of embodiments 2 to 14, wherein in the transition region the first recess region enters the second recess region; wherein the depth of the depression in the transition region has a radius of curvature in the range of 20 to 50mm, preferably from 24 to 45mm, more preferably from 27 to 40mm, most preferably from 30 to 35 mm.

An embodiment 16 of the device 1 according to the invention is provided according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the depth of the first recessed area at least partially has a radius of curvature in the range of 10 to 30mm, preferably 12 to 28mm, more preferably 15 to 25mm, most preferably 18 to 21 mm.

Embodiment 17 of the device 1 according to the invention is provided according to any one of embodiments 2 to 16, wherein the depth of the second recessed area at least partially has a radius of curvature in the range of 5 to 35mm, preferably 8 to 32mm, more preferably 10 to 28mm, most preferably 12 to 25 mm.

An embodiment 18 of the device 1 according to the invention is configured according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein in the first composite region the layer thickness of the third carrier layer is in each case 0.05 to 0.9 times, preferably 0.1 to 0.85 times, more preferably 0.2 to 0.85 times, more preferably 0.3 to 0.85 times, more preferably 0.4 to 0.85 times, even more preferably 0.5 to 0.8 times the thickness dimension of any one selected from the group consisting of the first carrier layer, the second carrier layer and the fourth carrier layer or a combination of at least two of these.

An embodiment 19 of the device 1 according to the invention is configured according to any of embodiments 2 to 18, wherein in the second composite region the layer thickness of the first carrier layer or the fourth carrier layer or both is in each case 1.1 to 20 times, preferably 1.1 to 15 times, more preferably 1.1 to 10 times, further preferably 1.1 to 5 times, more preferably 1.1 to 3 times, further preferably 1.1 to 2 times, more preferably 1.2 to 1.9 times, more preferably 1.2 to 1.8 times, most preferably 1.3 to 1.7 times the layer thickness of the second carrier layer or the third carrier layer or both, respectively.

Embodiment 20 of the device 1 according to the invention is provided according to any one of embodiments 2 to 19, wherein in the second composite region the second composite layer is not bonded to the third composite layer. Preferably, the second composite layer and the third composite layer are in contact, but not joined, in the second composite region. Preferably, in the second composite zone at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, still more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, most preferably at least 95% of the surface of the second composite layer facing the third composite layer is in contact with the third composite layer, preferably not joined. It is further preferred that the second composite layer and the third composite layer are fixed to each other so that they are connected to each other in at least one composite region, preferably a first composite region adjacent to the second composite region. In another embodiment, the second composite layer is also not joined to or in contact with the third composite layer in the second composite region. In another embodiment according to the present invention, the second composite layer and the third composite layer in the second composite region are joined to each other, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, still more preferably at least 80%, still more preferably at least 90%, most preferably at least 95% of the surface of the second composite layer facing the third composite layer. In this case, the second composite layer and the third composite layer in the second composite region are preferably pressed against one another or/and sealed.

Embodiment 21 of the device 1 according to the invention is configured according to any of embodiments 2 to 20, wherein in the second recombination zone

a) The surface of the second carrier layer facing the third carrier layer, an

b) The surface of the third carrier layer facing the second carrier layer

In each case not comprising a top layer, preferably without a "skin layer" and not connected to a top layer, preferably without a "skin layer".

An embodiment 22 of the device 1 according to the invention is provided according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein in the first composite region the surface of the third carrier layer facing the second carrier layer does not comprise a top layer, preferably does not comprise a "skin layer" and is not connected to a top layer, preferably does not have a "skin layer".

An embodiment 23 of the device 1 according to the invention is provided according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein one layer or a combination of at least two of them selected from the group consisting of the first carrier layer, the second carrier layer, the third carrier layer and the fourth carrier comprises, preferably is made of, one or a combination of at least two of them selected from the group consisting of cardboard, adhesive board and paper.

Embodiment 24 of the apparatus 1 according to the present invention is configured according to any one of embodiments 2 to 23, wherein the folded planar composite comprises a third composite region; wherein the third composite region comprises a third layer sequence comprising the first composite layer, the second composite layer and the fourth composite layer overlapping one another in a direction from the further fixing surface to the first fixing surface; wherein in the third composite region, the second composite layer is joined to the fourth composite layer; wherein the third composite region is adjacent to the first composite region; wherein the depression comprises a third depression region; wherein the third recessed region is adjacent to the first recessed region; wherein the depression has a third maximum depth in the third depression region; wherein the first maximum depth is greater than the third maximum depth; wherein the third maximum depth is greater than the second maximum depth; wherein the third composite region is located at least partially between the third recessed region and the first fixing surface or the further fixing surface.

Embodiment 25 of the device 1 according to the invention is configured according to embodiment 24, wherein the first maximum depth is 1.01 to 3 times, preferably 1.01 to 2.5 times, more preferably 1.01 to 2 times, more preferably 1.01 to 1.5 times, most preferably 1.05 to 1.25 times the size of the third maximum depth.

Embodiment 26 of the device 1 according to the invention is configured according to embodiment 24 or 25, wherein the third composite region is characterized by a third width; wherein the third width is in the range of 1 to 12mm, preferably 1 to 10mm, more preferably 1 to 8mm, more preferably 2 to 6mm, more preferably 3 to 6mm, most preferably 5 to 6 mm; wherein the recess has a length perpendicular to the third width; wherein the third recessed area is wider than the third width by a length of at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, most preferably at least 100%.

Embodiment 27 of the apparatus 1 according to the invention is configured according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the folded planar composite is a container precursor around the interior.

Embodiment 28 of the device 1 according to the invention is configured according to embodiment 27, wherein the container precursor comprises a food product.

Embodiment 29 of the device 1 according to the invention is configured according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the folded planar composite is constructed as one whole.

A contribution to achieving at least one of the objects according to the invention is achieved by embodiment 1 of the method 1, which comprises the following method steps

a) A folded planar composite is provided which is,

wherein the folded planar composite comprises a first composite layer, a second composite layer, a third composite layer, a fourth composite layer, and a first composite region;

wherein an intermediate region is located between the first composite layer and the second composite layer;

wherein the first composite layer comprises a first carrier layer;

wherein the second composite layer comprises a second carrier layer;

wherein the third composite layer comprises a third carrier layer;

wherein the fourth composite layer comprises a fourth carrier layer;

wherein the first composite region comprises a first layer sequence comprising layers overlapping each other in a direction from the intermediate region to the first layer sequence, the second composite layer, the third composite layer and the fourth composite layer;

wherein in the first composite region, the second composite layer is joined to the third composite layer and the third composite layer is joined to the fourth composite layer;

wherein in the first composite region the third carrier layer is characterized by a layer thickness which is in each case smaller than one selected from the group consisting of the first carrier layer, the second carrier layer and the fourth carrier layer or a combination of at least two of the aforementioned;

b) providing a first fixation element comprising a first fixation surface and a further fixation element comprising a further fixation surface;

wherein the first fixation surface or the other fixation surface or both comprise a depression comprising a first depression region;

wherein the depression has a first maximum depth in the first depression region;

c) contacting a fourth composite layer with a first fixing surface, the first composite layer having the other fixing surface and the first composite layer having a second composite layer;

wherein the first composite region is located at least partially between the first recessed region and the first fixing surface or the further fixing surface;

d) bonding the first composite layer to the second composite layer.

Embodiment 2 of the method 1 according to the invention is configured according to embodiment 1, wherein in method step a), the folded planar composite further comprises a second composite region; wherein the second composite region comprises a second layer sequence comprising layers overlapping each other in a direction from the intermediate region to the second layer sequence, the second composite layer, the third composite layer and the fourth composite layer; wherein in the second composite region, the third composite layer is joined to the fourth composite layer; wherein in the second composite region the first carrier layer or the fourth carrier layer or in each case both are characterized by a layer thickness which is greater than the layer thickness of the second carrier layer or the third carrier layer or both in each case; wherein in method step b) the depression further comprises a second depression region; wherein the depression has a second maximum depth in the second depression region; wherein the first maximum depth is greater than the second maximum depth;

wherein in method step c) the second composite region is located at least partially between the second recess region and the first fixing surface or the further fixing surface.

Embodiment 3 of the method 1 according to the invention is configured according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein in method step d) the first fixing surface or the further fixing surface or both are vibrated relative to the planar composite material

a) At a frequency in the range of 10 to 50kHz, preferably 10 to 45kHz, more preferably 10 to 40kHz, more preferably 15 to 35kHz, most preferably 20 to 35kHz, or

b) At an amplitude in the range of 3 to 20 μm, preferably 4 to 18 μm, more preferably 5 to 16 μm, more preferably 6 to 15 μm, most preferably 6.5 to 13.3 μm; or

c) And both.

Embodiment 4 of the method 1 according to the invention is configured according to any of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein in method step d) the joining is performed by transmitting ultrasonic vibrations from the first fixing element or the further fixing element or both to the folded planar composite.

Embodiment 5 of the method 1 according to the invention is configured according to embodiment 4, wherein the ultrasonic vibrations are excited for a duration in the range of 50 to 500ms, preferably from 70 to 460ms, more preferably from 110 to 360ms, further preferably from 130 to 320ms, more preferably from 150 to 280ms, further preferably from 160 to 240ms, most preferably from 180 to 220 ms.

Embodiment 6 of the process 1 according to the invention is configured according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein in process step a) the folded planar composite is a container precursor, wherein in process step d) the joining is closing the container precursor.

Embodiment 7 of the method 1 according to the invention is configured according to embodiment 6, wherein the foodstuff is introduced into the container precursor before method step c).

Embodiment 8 of the process 1 according to the invention is constructed according to embodiment 6 or 7, wherein in process step d) a closed container is obtained, wherein the closed container is autoclaved.

Embodiment 9 of the process 1 according to the invention is configured according to any one of embodiments 6 to 8, wherein the container precursor is sterilized before process step c).

Embodiment 10 of the method 1 according to the invention is set forth in any of embodiments 1 to 9, wherein in method step a), the providing comprises:

i) providing a planar composite comprising:

A) a layer sequence comprising:

I) composite carrier layer and

II) a composite barrier layer, wherein,

B) edge regions, and

C) an inner region adjacent to the edge region;

ii) reducing the layer thickness of the composite carrier layer in the edge region;

iii) producing a fold in the edge region to obtain a first edge fold region and a further edge fold region, wherein the first edge fold region and the further edge fold region are adjacent to each other along the fold;

iv) contacting the first edge fold region with a first portion of the further edge fold region and joining a further portion of the further edge fold region to the inner region;

v) producing a further fold in said inner region to obtain a first composite fold region and a further composite fold region,

wherein the further composite fold region comprises the edge region;

vi) joining the first composite fold region to the first portion of the further edge fold region and the further portion of the further edge fold region.

Embodiment 11 of the method 1 according to the invention is provided according to embodiment 10, wherein in method step v) the further composite fold region comprises a part of the inner region, wherein in method step vi) the first composite fold region is further joined to a part of the inner region.

Embodiment 12 of the process 1 according to the invention is configured according to embodiment 10 or 11, wherein in process step ii) the skiving of the composite carrier layer is reduced.

Embodiment 13 of the method 1 according to the invention is arranged according to embodiment 12, wherein the scraping is performed by a rotating tool.

Embodiment 14 of the method 1 according to the invention is configured according to any one of embodiments 10 to 13, wherein in method step i) the planar composite comprises a score, wherein in method step v) the production of the further fold comprises folding along the score.

Example 1 of a closed container 1 obtainable by the method 1 according to one of examples 1 to 14 makes a contribution to achieving at least one object according to the present invention.

A contribution to achieving at least one of the objects according to the invention is made by example 1 of a closed container 2 surrounding an interior, wherein the closed container comprises a folded planar composite, wherein the folded planar composite comprises a first wherein the first seam region is connected to the further seam region along a seam, wherein the first seam region or the further seam region or both have a depression along the seam. Preferably, the first seam region has a depression along the seam. Preferably, the further seam region is free of depressions along the seam. Preferably the recess extends longitudinally along the seam. Another preferred depression is a score or an embossment or both. Preferably, the seam passes through a longitudinal seam of the closed container, and preferably at right angles through a seam selected from the group consisting of a first composite region according to the present invention, a second composite region according to the present invention and a third composite region according to the present invention, the present invention or a combination of at least two of these. Preferably, the depression has a width in the range of 1 to 10mm, preferably 1 to 7mm, more preferably 2 to 5mm, most preferably 2 to 4 mm. Preferred depressions typically have a depth along the depression in the range of 0.1 to 2mm, preferably 0.2 to 1.5mm, more preferably 0.3 to 1mm, most preferably 0.5 to 1 mm.

Embodiment 2 of the sealed vessel 2 according to the present invention is arranged according to embodiment 1, wherein the further seam region comprises a first composite layer, wherein the first seam region comprises a second composite layer, a third composite layer, a fourth composite layer and a first composite region; wherein the seam is located between the first composite layer and the second composite layer; wherein the first composite layer comprises a first carrier layer; wherein the second composite layer comprises a second carrier layer; wherein the third composite layer comprises a third carrier layer; wherein the fourth composite layer comprises a fourth carrier layer; wherein the first composite region comprises a first sequence of layers comprising layers overlapping each other in a direction from the seam through the first sequence of layers, the second composite layer, the third composite layer, and the fourth composite layer; wherein in the first composite region, the second composite layer is joined to the third composite layer and the third composite layer is joined to the fourth composite layer; wherein the third carrier layer is characterized by a layer thickness relative to the first composite region that is smaller than one selected in each case from the group consisting of the first carrier layer, the second carrier layer and the fourth carrier layer or a combination of at least two of these.

Embodiment 3 of the closed vessel 2 according to the present invention is configured according to embodiment 2, wherein the first seam area further comprises a second composite area; wherein the second composite region comprises a second layer sequence comprising layers of the second composite layer, the third composite layer, and the fourth composite layer overlapping one another in a direction from the seam through the second layer sequence, wherein in the second composite region the third composite layer is joined to the fourth composite layer; wherein the first carrier layer or the fourth carrier layer or in each case both are characterized by a greater layer thickness or in each case a greater layer thickness than the second carrier layer or the third carrier layer, respectively, relative to the second composite region.

Embodiment 4 of the closed vessel 2 according to the present invention is configured according to embodiment 2 or 3, wherein the first seam area further comprises a third composite area; wherein the third composite region comprises a third layer sequence comprising layers of the first composite layer, the second composite layer, and the fourth composite layer overlapping one another in a direction from the seam through the third layer sequence; wherein in the third composite region, the second composite layer is joined to the fourth composite layer; wherein the third composite region is adjacent to the first composite region.

Embodiment 5 of the closed vessel 2 according to the present invention is configured according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the folded planar composite is surrounded on all sides of the inside, wherein the folded planar composite is constructed in one piece.

Embodiment 6 of the sealed container 2 according to the invention is provided according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the carrier layer of the folded planar composite comprises pores, wherein the pores are covered at least by the barrier layer of the folded planar composite as a pore covering layer, wherein preferably the pores are further covered by an opening aid, wherein the opening aid is configured for opening the container in the region of the pores.

Example 1 of use 1 of the device according to one of examples 1 to 29 makes a contribution to achieving at least one object according to the invention for joining a first composite layer to a second composite layer.

Preferred embodiments of the components of the device according to the invention are likewise preferred as embodiments of the components or corresponding components of the same name in the method according to the invention and of the closed container according to the invention. Furthermore, preferred embodiments of the components used in the method according to the invention and components of the closed container according to the invention are likewise preferred for components of the same name or corresponding components of the device according to the invention.

Layer(s)

Two layers bond to each other if their adhesion force exceeds van der waals attraction. The layers joined to each other are preferably one selected from sealing to each other, gluing to each other and pressing to each other, or a combination of at least two of these. Unless otherwise stated, in a layer sequence, a layer can be indirect, that is to say with one or at least two intermediate layers, or direct, that is to say without intermediate layers. This is particularly the case in the wording that one layer overlaps another layer. The expression that a layer sequence comprises a list of layers means that at least said layers are present in said sequence. This word does not necessarily mean that the layers are directly successive. The term two layers adjacent to each other means that the two layers are directly successive and therefore there is no intermediate layer. However, this expression does not indicate whether the two layers are connected to each other. Instead, the two layers may be in contact with each other.

Joining

The preferred bonding is one or a combination of at least two selected from the group consisting of sealing, gluing, and pressing. In the case of sealing, the joint is produced by the liquid and its solidification. In the case of gluing, a bonded chemical bond is formed between the boundary surfaces or surfaces of two objects to be bonded. In the case of sealing or gluing, it is often advantageous to press the surfaces to be sealed or bonded against one another. The preferred pressing of the two layers is on the first surface of the first of the two layers and on the second surface of the second of the two layers facing the first surface, pressing with at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 40%, more preferably 50%, more preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, still more preferably at least 80%, still more preferably at least 90%, most preferably at least 95% of the first surface. A particularly preferred connection is a seal. The preferred sealing comprises the steps of: stacking one on top of the other, heating and pressing, wherein the steps are preferably performed in this order. Another sequence is also conceivable, in particular a sequence of heating, stacking one on top of the other and pressing. Preferred heating is heating of a polymer layer, preferably a thermoplastic layer, more preferably a polyethylene layer or a polypropylene layer or both. Further preferred heating is to heat the polyethylene layer to a temperature of 80-140 deg.C, more preferably 90-130 deg.C, most preferably 100-120 deg.C. Further preferred heating is to heat the polypropylene layer to a temperature of 120 to 200 ℃, more preferably 130 to 180 ℃, most preferably 140 to 170 ℃. Further preferably to the sealing temperature of the polymer layer. The preferred heating can be carried out by irradiation, hot gas, by thermal contact with a solid, by mechanical vibration, preferably by ultrasound, by convection or by a combination of at least two of these measures. Particularly preferred heating is carried out by excitation of ultrasonic vibrations.

Contact with

The preferred contact is to press each other.

Top layer

The preferred top layer is the "skin layer". The "skin layer" in papermaking is the top layer comprising inorganic solid particles, preferably pigments and additives. The "top layer" is preferably applied as a liquid phase, preferably as a suspension or dispersion, to the surface of the layer comprising paper or paperboard. Preferred dispersions are aqueous dispersions. Preferred suspensions are aqueous suspensions. Another preferred liquid phase comprises inorganic solid particles, preferably pigments, binders and additives. Preferred pigments are selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, kaolin, talc, silicates, plastic pigments and titanium dioxide. The preferred kaolin is calcined kaolin. Preferred calcium carbonate is one selected from marble, chalk and Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) or a combination of at least two of these. Preferred silicates are layered silicates. Preferred plastic pigments are in the form of beads, preferably hollow beads. Preferred binders are one or a combination of at least two selected from the group consisting of styrene/butadiene, acrylates, acrylonitrile, starch and polyvinyl alcohol, preferably acrylates. The preferred starch is one selected from cationic modification, anionic modification and fragmentation or a combination of at least two thereof. A preferred additive is one selected from the group consisting of: rheology modifiers, dyes, optical brighteners, carriers for optical brighteners, flocculants, degassing agents, and surface energy modifiers, or at least two of these. Preferred deaerators are paint deaerators, preferably based on silicon or on fatty acids or both. Preferred surface energy modifiers are surfactants.

Support layer

As carrier layer any material may be used which is considered suitable by the person skilled in the art for this purpose, as long as it has sufficient strength and rigidity to be used to provide said container according to the invention or a container made of a planar composite material according to the invention, and to the extent that the container substantially retains its shape in the filled state. In addition to various plastics, preference is given to vegetable-based fibrous substances, in particular cellulose, preferably sized, bleached and/or unbleached cellulose, particularly preferably paper and cardboard. The weight per unit area of the carrier layers, preferably of each carrier layer, is preferably in the range from 120 to 450g/m²In the range of (1), particularly preferably from 130 to 400g/m²In the range of (1), most preferably from 150 to 380g/m². Preferred paperboard typically has a single or multi-ply construction and may be on one side orBoth sides are coated with one or more top layers. Preferred paperboard also has a residual moisture content of less than 20 wt.%, preferably from 2 to 15 wt.%, particularly preferably from 4 to 10 wt.%, based on the total weight of the paperboard. Particularly preferred paperboard has a multilayer structure. Furthermore, the paperboard preferably has at least one, particularly preferably at least two, top layers, known to the person skilled in the art as "skins", on the surface facing the environment. The preferred paperboard also preferably has a caliper of from 100 to 360J/m²Preferably 120 to 350J/m²Particularly preferably 135 to 310J/m²Scott key values within a range of (a). By the above range, a composite material can be provided in which a container of high sealability can be easily folded with low tolerance. The preferred carrier layer comprises a top layer on at least one surface, preferably on two opposing surfaces. Preferably, each carrier layer comprises a top layer on each surface, if not explicitly excluded. Most preferably, each carrier layer does not comprise a top layer only on one cutting surface, if present. Preferably, the first carrier layer and the second carrier layer are constructed as one piece. More preferably, the first and second carrier layers and the third carrier layer are constructed in one piece. Still more preferably, the first and second carrier layers and the third and fourth carrier layers are constructed as one body. Most preferably, all carrier layers are constructed in one piece.

Barrier layer

As barrier layer, any material which the person skilled in the art deems suitable for this purpose and which has a sufficient barrier effect, in particular against oxygen, can be used. The barrier layer is preferably selected from:

a. a plastic barrier layer;

b. a metal layer;

c. a metal oxide layer; or

d.a to c.

If the barrier layer according to alternative a is a plastic barrier layer, it preferably comprises at least one plastic known to the person skilled in the art for this purpose in an amount of at least 70%, particularly preferably in an amount of at least 80%, most preferably in an amount of at least 95%, in particular a substance suitable for packaging containers because of its aroma-or odor-barrier properties. Alternative plastics, in particular thermoplastics, here nitrogen-or oxygen-containing plastics, themselves and also mixtures of two or more thereof. According to the invention, it may prove advantageous if the melting temperature of the barrier layer of the plastic is in the range of more than 155 to 300 ℃, preferably 160 to 280 ℃, particularly preferably 170 to 270 ℃.

It is further preferred that the weight per unit area of the barrier layer of plastic is in the range of from 2 to 120g/m2, preferably in the range of from 3 to 60g/m2, particularly preferably in the range of from 4 to 40g/m2, more preferably in the range of from 6 to 30g/m 2. Further preferably, the plastic barrier layer is obtainable from a melt, for example by extrusion, in particular by lamination extrusion. More preferably, the barrier layer of plastic can also be incorporated into the planar composite by lamination. The film is preferably incorporated into the planar composite material here. According to another embodiment, a barrier layer of plastic obtained by deposition from a solution or dispersion of plastic may also be chosen.

Possible suitable polymers are preferably those having a weight-average molecular weight, determined by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) by light scattering, in the range from 3X 103 to 1X 107g/mol, preferably in the range from 5X 103 to 1X 106g/mol, particularly preferably from 6X 103 to 1X 105 g/mol. Possible suitable polymers are, in particular, Polyamide (PA) or polyethylene/vinyl alcohol (EVOH) or mixtures thereof.

In polyamides, all the PAs that appear to be suitable for the use according to the invention are considered by the person skilled in the art to be optional. PA 6, PA 6.6, PA 6.10, PA 6.12, PA 11 or PA 12 or a mixture of at least two of these, particularly preferably PA 6 and PA 6.6, more preferably PA 6. PA 6 is commercially available, for example, under the trade nameAndamorphous Polyamides (PA), such as MXD6,andit is further preferred that the density of the PA is in the range of 1.01 to 1.40g/cm3, preferably in the range of 1.05 to 1.30g/cm3, particularly preferably in the range of 1.08 to 1.25g/cm 3. Further, the intrinsic viscosity of PA is preferably in the range of 130 to 185ml/g, and preferably in the range of 140 to 180 ml/g.

As EVOH, all EVOH deemed by the person skilled in the art to appear suitable for the use according to the present invention is optional. Examples of these are, inter alia, commercially available under the trade name EVALTM from EVAL Europe NV, Belgium in a number of different configurations, e.g. EVALTM F104B or EVALTM LR 171B. Preferred EVOH has at least one, two, several or all of the following properties:

-an ethylene content in the range of 20 to 60 mol%, preferably 25 to 45 mol%;

-a density in the range of 1.0 to 1.4g/cm3, preferably 1.1 to 1.3g/cm 3;

-melting point in the range of more than 155 to 235 ℃, preferably 165 to 225 ℃;

MFR values in the range from 1 to 25g/10min (210 ℃/2.16kg if TM (EVOH) is <230 ℃ and 230 ℃/2.16kg if TM (EVOH) is < 210 ℃ ≦ 230 ℃, preferably 2 to 20g/10 min;

the oxygen permeation rate is in the range of 0.05 to 3.2cm3/20 μm2/m2 · day · atm, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 1cm3/20 μm2/m2 · day · atm.

According to alternative b, the barrier layer is a metal layer. All layers of metals which are known to the person skilled in the art and which can produce a high impermeability to light and oxygen are suitable in principle as metal layers. According to a preferred embodiment, the metal layer may be present as a foil or deposited layer, e.g. formed by physical vapour deposition. The metal layer is preferably an uninterrupted layer. According to a further preferred embodiment, the metal layer has a thickness in the range of 3 to 20 μm, preferably in the range of 3.5 to 12 μm, particularly preferably in the range of 4 to 10 μm.

The metal preferably selected is aluminium, iron or copper, for example a steel layer may be preferred. For example, a steel layer in the form of a foil may be preferred as the iron layer. Further preferably, the metal layer is a layer with aluminum. The aluminium layer may advantageously be made of an aluminium alloy, such as AlFeMn, alfe1.5mn, AlFeSi or AlFeSiMn. The purity is generally 97.5% and higher, preferably 98.5% and higher, in each case based on the total aluminum layer. In a particular embodiment, the metal layer is made of aluminum foil. Suitable aluminium foils have an elongation of more than 1%, preferably more than 1.3%, particularly preferably more than 1.5% and a tensile strength of more than 30N/mm2, preferably more than 40N/mm2, particularly preferably more than 50N/mm 2. Suitable aluminum foils exhibit a droplet size of more than 3mm, preferably more than 4mm, particularly preferably more than 5mm, in pipette tests. Suitable alloys for establishing the aluminium layer or foil are commercially available from Hydroaluminum Deutschland GmbH or from Amcor Flexibles Singen GmbH under the trade names EN AW 1200, ENAW 8079 or EN AW 8111.

In the case of a metal foil as barrier layer, an adhesion promoter layer may be provided between the metal foil and the next polymer layer on one and/or both sides of the metal foil. However, according to a specific embodiment of the container according to the invention, an adhesion promoter is provided between the metal foil and the next polymer layer on either side of the metal foil.

Furthermore preferably, according to alternative c, a metal oxide layer can be selected as the barrier layer. The optional metal oxide layer is all metal oxide layers which are familiar to the person skilled in the art and appear to be suitable for achieving a barrier effect against light, vapour and/or gases. Metal oxide layers based on the above-mentioned metals aluminium, iron or copper and those based on titanium or silicon oxide compounds are particularly preferred. The metal oxide layer is for example prepared by vapour deposition of a metal oxide on a plastic layer, for example an oriented polypropylene film. The preferred method is physical vapor deposition.

According to another preferred embodiment, the metal layer or metal oxide layer may be present as a laminated composite of one or more plastic layers and a metal layer. Such a layer may for example be obtained by vapour deposition of a metal on a plastic layer, for example an oriented polypropylene film. The preferred method is physical vapor deposition.

Preferably, the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer are constructed in one piece. More preferably, the first and second barrier layers and the third barrier layer are constructed as one body. Still more preferably, the first and second barrier layers and the third and fourth barrier layers are constructed as one body. Most preferably, all barrier layers are constructed in one piece.

Polymer layer

Preferably, the polymer layer is in each case located between the first carrier layer and the first barrier layer, likewise preferably between the second carrier layer and the second barrier layer, likewise preferably the third carrier layer and the third barrier layer, likewise preferably the fourth carrier layer and the fourth barrier layer. It is further preferred that the first barrier layer is overlapped by, preferably connected with, a polymer layer on the side facing away from the first carrier layer. It is further preferred that the second barrier layer is overlapped by, preferably connected with, a polymer layer on the side facing away from the second carrier layer. It is further preferred that the third barrier layer overlaps the polymer layer, preferably is connected to the polymer layer, on the side facing away from the third carrier layer. It is further preferred that the fourth barrier layer overlaps the polymer layer, preferably is connected to the polymer layer, on the side facing away from the fourth carrier layer. Further preferably, the first carrier layer overlaps the polymer layer, preferably being connected to the polymer layer on the side facing away from the first barrier layer. It is further preferred that the second carrier layer overlaps the polymer layer, preferably is joined to the polymer layer, on the side facing away from the second barrier layer, wherein the second carrier layer is preferably not joined to the polymer layer and is not joined to the polymer layer in the second composite region on the side facing away from the second barrier layer. It is further preferred that the third carrier layer overlaps the polymer layer, preferably is connected to the polymer layer, on the side facing away from the third barrier layer, wherein the third carrier layer is preferably not joined to the polymer layer and is not overlapped by the polymer layer on the side facing away from the third barrier layer in the first, second and third recombination zones. It is further preferred that the fourth carrier layer overlaps the polymer layer, preferably is connected to said polymer layer, on the side facing away from the fourth barrier layer.

Each polymer layer may have other components. These polymer layers are preferably incorporated or applied to the layer sequence during extrusion. The other components of the polymer layer are preferably components which do not adversely affect the properties of the polymer melt during application as a layer. Other components may be, for example, inorganic compounds, such as metal salts, or other plastics, such as additional thermoplastics. However, it is also recognized that other ingredients are fillers or pigments, such as carbon black or metal oxides. Possible suitable thermoplastics for the other components are in particular those which are easy to process due to good extrusion properties. Among these, polymers obtained by chain polymerization are optional, in particular polyesters or polyolefins, of which Cyclic Olefin Copolymers (COC), Polycyclic Olefin Copolymers (POC), in particular polyethylene and polypropylene are particularly preferred, and very particularly polyethylene. Among polyethylene, HDPE, MDPE, LDPE, LLDPE, VLDPE and PE and mixtures of at least two of them are preferred. Mixtures of at least two thermoplastics may also be used. Suitable polymer layers have a Melt Flow Rate (MFR) of 10min in the range from 1 to 25g/10min, preferably in the range from 2 to 20g/10min, particularly preferably in the range from 2.5 to 15g/10min, and a density of 0.890g/cm³To 0.980g/cm³In the range of (1), preferably 0.895g/cm³To 0.975g/cm³More preferably 0.900g/cm³To 0.970g/cm³. The polymer layer preferably has at least one melting temperature in the range from 80 to 155 ℃, preferably in the range from 90 to 145 ℃, particularly preferably in the range from 95 to 135 ℃. Preferred polymer layers are polyolefin layers, preferably polyethylene layers or polypropylene layers or both.

Polyolefins

Preferred polyolefins are polyethylene or polypropylene or both. Preferred polyethylenes are those selected from LDPE, LLDPE and HDPE or a combination of at least two of them. Preferred polyolefins are m-polyolefins. Suitable polyethylenes have a Melt Flow Rate (MFR) in the range of 1 to 25g/10min, preferably in the range of 2 to 20g/10min, particularly preferably in the range of 2.5 to 15g/10min, and a density in the range of0.910g/cm³To 0.935g/cm³In the range of (1), preferably 0.912g/cm³To 0.932g/cm³More preferably 0.915g/cm³To 0.930g/cm³。

m-polyolefins

The m-polyolefin is a polyolefin prepared by a metallocene catalyst. Metallocenes are organometallic compounds in which the central metal atom is arranged between two organic ligands, for example cyclopentadienyl ligands. Preferred m-polyolefins are m-polyethylene or m-polypropylene or both. Preferred m-polyethylenes are selected from mLDPE, mLLDPE and mHDPE or combinations of at least two of these.

Melting temperature

Preferred m-polyolefins are characterized by at least a first melting temperature and a second melting temperature. Preferably, the m-polyolefin is characterized by having a third melting temperature in addition to the first and second melting temperatures. The first melting temperature is preferably in the range of 84 to 108 ℃, preferably 89 to 103 ℃, and more preferably 94 to 98 ℃. The further melting temperature is preferably in the range of 100 to 124 ℃, preferably 105 to 119 ℃, and more preferably 110 to 114 ℃.

Adhesion/adhesion promoter layer

The adhesion promoter layer may be located between layers of the planar composite that are not directly adjacent to each other. In particular, an adhesion promoter layer can be located in each case between each nth barrier layer and the polymer layer which overlaps the nth barrier layer on the side facing away from the nth carrier layer, where n is an integer from 1 to 4.

Possible adhesion promoters in the adhesion promoter layer are all plastics which, owing to functionalization by means of suitable functional groups, are suitable for producing a strong connection by forming ionic or covalent bonds to the surface of the particular adjacent layer. Preferably, these adhesion promoters are functionalized polyolefins obtained by reacting ethylene with acrylic acid, such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, acrylic esters, acrylic ester derivatives or carboxylic anhydrides carrying double bonds, such as maleic anhydride, or at least two of these. Therein, for example, under the trade name DuPontAnd0609 polyethylene-maleic anhydride graft Polymer (EMAH), ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer (EAA) or ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer sold by HSA or ExxonMobil Chemicals6000ExCo。

According to the invention, it is preferred that the adhesion between the carrier layer, the polymer layer or the barrier layer and the particular next layer is at least 0.5N/15mm, preferably at least 0.7N/15mm, particularly preferably at least 0.8N/15 mm. In one embodiment according to the invention, the adhesion between the polymer layer and the carrier layer is preferably at least 0.3N/15mm, preferably at least 0.5N/15mm, particularly preferably at least 0.7N/15 mm. It is furthermore preferred that the adhesion between the barrier layer and the polymer layer is at least 0.8N/15mm, preferably at least 1.0N/15mm, particularly preferably at least 1.4N/15 mm. In the case of a barrier layer which follows the polymer layer indirectly via the adhesion promoter layer, the adhesion between the barrier layer and the adhesion promoter layer is preferably at least 1.8N/15mm, preferably at least 2.2N/15mm, particularly preferably 2.8N/15mm or more. In a particular embodiment, the adhesion between the individual layers is structurally so strong that in the adhesion test the carrier layer tears, and in the case of cardboard as carrier layer, so-called cardboard fibre tearing occurs.

Is constructed as a whole

The two layers are constructed as one piece if there is a transition region in which the two layers are adjacent to one another and communicate with one another without intermediate layers and without connecting elements. The preferred transition region is a fold region. The fold region includes a fold. The preferred fold extends along the score. The layers constructed in one piece are preferably manufactured together in one piece from raw material and are not connected to one another after this manufacturing. The layers of one-piece construction preferably have the same composition or the same construction or both. In one embodiment of the invention, preferably at least one layer, preferably all layers, of the composite material are constructed in one piece in each case. It is also preferred that the layers of the same name of the different composite regions are in each case formed integrally by at least two of these different composite regions.

Container precursor

Preferred container precursors are in the form of a jacket or a tube or both. Preferably, the container precursor in the form of a jacket is characterized in that its outer surface corresponds to the geometric jacket surface. The tubular container precursor is preferably a semi-continuous tube structure having openings at opposite ends of the tube, respectively.

Container with a lid

The closed container according to the invention can have a large number of different forms, but is preferably of substantially parallelepipedic configuration. Further, the container may be formed of a planar composite material over its entire surface, or may have a two-part or multi-part structure. In the case of a multipart construction, it is conceivable to use other materials than planar composite materials, for example plastic materials, which can be used in particular in the head or base region of the container. However, it is preferred here that the container consists of the planar composite to an extent of at least 50%, particularly preferably to an extent of at least 70%, and further preferably to an extent of at least 90%. Furthermore, the container may have means for emptying the contents. This may for example be formed from a plastics material and attached to the exterior of the container. It is also conceivable that the device is integrated into the container by direct injection moulding. According to a preferred embodiment, the container according to the invention has at least one, preferably 4 to 22 or more edges, particularly preferably 7 to 12 edges. In the context of the present invention, an edge is understood to mean an area formed on a folded surface. The edges which may be mentioned by way of example are the longitudinal contact areas of in each case two wall surfaces of the container. In a container, the container wall preferably denotes the surface of the container framed by the rim. Preferably, the closed container does not include a base that is not integrally formed with the planar composite or a lid that is not integrally formed with the planar composite, or both.

Skiving

Skiving is a process step known to the person skilled in the art for reducing the thickness of a layer, preferably of a carrier layer, more preferably of a carrier layer consisting of a group consisting of cardboard, adhesive board and paper or a combination of at least two of these. Preferably, the scraping is performed with a material removal tool, preferably with a scraping tool or a splitting tool or both. Another preferred material removal tool is a rotary tool. The most preferred rotary tools are inserts, preferably cup-shaped inserts, or milling cutters, or both. Another preferred material removal tool is a blade, preferably a rotary blade, most preferably a cup blade, or a milling cutter or both.

Folded planar composite

Preferably, the folding is carried out in a temperature range of 10 to 50 ℃, preferably in a range of 15 to 45 ℃ and particularly preferably in a range of 20 to 40 ℃ of the folding zone of the planar composite. This can be achieved by the planar composite having the above-mentioned temperature range. It is further preferred that the folding tool has a temperature preferably in the above-mentioned range together with the planar composite material. For this reason, the folding tool is not heated. Instead, the folding tool or the planar composite or both may be cooled. It is further preferred that the folding is carried out at a temperature of at most 50 ℃, as "cold folding", and that the joining is carried out at a temperature above 50 ℃, preferably above 80 ℃, particularly preferably above 120 ℃, as "heat sealing". The above conditions and in particular the temperature, preferably also apply in the folding environment, for example in the housing of the folding tool. It is further preferred that the cold fold or the combination of cold fold and heat seal is applied at an angle μ formed during folding of less than 100 °, preferably less than 90 °, particularly preferably less than 70 °, further preferably less than 50 °. The angle mu is formed by two adjacent folded surfaces.

According to the invention, "folding" is understood herein as an operation in which, preferably, angled longitudinal creases are produced in the folded planar composite by the folding edge of a folding tool. For this reason, two adjacent surfaces of the planar composite are more curved towards each other. By folding, at least two adjacent folding surfaces are formed, which can then be joined at least in partial regions to form a container region. According to the invention, the joining can be performed by any means that appears suitable to a person skilled in the art and that makes possible joining as gas-and liquid-tight as possible.

It is further preferred that the fold surfaces form an angle μ of less than 90 °, preferably less than 45 °, particularly preferably less than 20 °. The folding surfaces are usually folded to such an extent that they overlap each other at the end of the folding. This is particularly advantageous, in particular when the folded surfaces lying one on top of the other are subsequently connected to one another to form a container base and a container head, which are generally constructed in the shape of gable walls or flat. With respect to the gable-like construction, reference may be made, for example, to WO 90/09926 a 2.

Longitudinal seam

Preferably, the first and second composite regions and preferably the third composite region belong to a longitudinal seam of a container precursor or closed container. Preferably, the first and second composite zones and preferably the third composite zone form a longitudinal seam of the container precursor or closed container. Preferably, the device according to the invention is configured such that the container precursor can be closed by sealing, the sealing being performed by a longitudinal seam of the container precursor. During sealing, the thickened side of the longitudinal seam is preferably not in the recess, but rather is precisely adjacent to another fixing surface opposite the recess.

Food product

Alternative food products are all food products for human consumption, also animal feed known to the person skilled in the art. Preferred food products are liquid above 5 ℃, such as dairy products, soups, sauces and non-carbonated beverages. The filling of the container or container precursor may be carried out in various ways. On the one hand, the food and the container or container precursor can be sterilized separately as far as possible by suitable measures before filling, for example with H₂O₂UV irradiation or other suitable method, high energy irradiation of the container or container precursor, plasma treatment or a combination of at least two of these, andthe food product is heated and then the container or container precursor is filled. This type of filling is commonly referred to as "sterile filling" and is preferred according to the present invention. In addition to or instead of aseptic filling, there is also a broad method of heating a container or container precursor which has been filled with food and closed to reduce microbial numbers. This is preferably done by pasteurization or autoclaving. Less sterile foods and containers or container precursors may also be used in the procedure.

Aperture/opening aid

To facilitate opening of the closed container according to the present invention, the carrier layer may have at least one hole. In a particular embodiment, the pores are covered at least by a barrier layer and preferably a polymer layer as a pore covering layer. Furthermore, one or more further layers, in particular adhesion promoting layers, may be provided between the already mentioned layers. Preferably, the pore covering layers connect at least partially, preferably at least 30%, preferably at least 70%, particularly preferably at least 90%, of the regions formed by the pores to one another. According to a particular embodiment, the holes preferably penetrate the entire planar composite and are covered by a closing or opening device closing the holes. With regard to the preferred embodiment, the apertures provided in the carrier layer may have any form known to those skilled in the art and are suitable for various closures, straws or opening aids. The opening of the closed container is usually performed by at least partial destruction of the cover layer covering the hole. This breaking may be accomplished by cutting, pressing into or pulling out of the container. The breaking may be achieved by an openable closure attached to the container and arranged in the region of the aperture (typically above the aperture) or a straw pushed through the aperture cover covering the aperture.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the carrier layer of the planar composite has a plurality of pores in the form of perforations, wherein the individual pores are covered at least by the barrier layer, preferably the polymer layer as a pore-covering layer. The container made of this composite material can then be opened by tearing along the perforations. Such holes for perforation are preferably produced by means of a laser. The use of a laser beam is particularly preferred if a metal foil or metallized film is used as the barrier layer. Furthermore, the perforations may be introduced by a mechanical perforation tool, typically with blades.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the planar composite is subjected to a heat treatment at least in the region of the at least one hole. In the case of several holes in the carrier layer in the form of perforations, it is particularly preferred that the heat treatment also takes place around the edge regions of the holes. The heat treatment can be carried out by irradiation, hot gas, by thermal contact with a solid, by mechanical vibration, preferably by ultrasound, or by a combination of at least two of these measures. Particularly preferably, the heat treatment is carried out by irradiation, preferably electromagnetic irradiation, particularly preferably electromagnetic induction, or by hot gases. The particular optimal operating parameters to be selected are known to those skilled in the art.

Irradiation of radiation

In the case of irradiation, any type of irradiation suitable for softening the polymer layer present is considered possible by the person skilled in the art. Preferred types of irradiation are IR rays, UV rays and microwaves. In the case of IR radiation, which is also used for IR welding of planar composites, a wavelength range of 0.7 to 5 μm is mentioned. Further, a laser beam may be used in a wavelength range of 0.6 to less than 1.6 μm. With regard to the use of IR radiation, these are produced by various suitable lamps known to those skilled in the art. Short-wavelength lamps in the range of 1-1.6 μm are preferably halogen lamps. In that>Medium wavelength lamps in the range of 1.6 to 3.5 μm are for example metal foil lamps. Quartz lamps are commonly used>A long wavelength lamp in the range of 3.5 μm. Lasers are often used. Thus, a diode laser is used in the wavelength range of 0.8 to 1 μm, a Nd: YAG laser is used at about 1 μm, and CO is used at about 10.6 μm₂A laser. High frequency technology in the frequency range of 10 to 45MHz, typically in the power range of 0.1 to 100kW, is also used.

Ultrasound

In the case of ultrasound, the following operating parameters are preferred:

p1 has a frequency in the range from 5 to 100kHz, preferably in the range from 10 to 50kHz, particularly preferably in the range from 15 to 40 kHz;

the P2 amplitude is in the range from 2 to 100. mu.m, preferably in the range from 5 to 70 μm, particularly preferably in the range from 10 to 50 μm;

the P3 vibration time (the time during which the vibration body, for example an ultrasonic generator or an inductor, acts as a contact vibration on the planar composite) is in the range from 50 to 1000ms, preferably from 100 to 600ms, particularly preferably from 150 to 300 ms.

In order to suitably select the irradiation or vibration conditions, it is advantageous to take into account the natural resonances of the plastic and to select frequencies close to these resonances.

Contact with solids

The heating by contact with the solid can be achieved, for example, by a heating plate or a heated mold that is in direct contact with the planar composite and releases heat to the planar composite.

Hot gas (es)

Hot gas, preferably hot air, may be directed onto the planar composite by suitable fans, outlets or nozzles or a combination thereof. Typically both contact heating and hot gas are used. Thus, for example, a holding device holding a tube formed of a planar composite material and through which hot gas flows and is thereby heated and which releases the hot gas through suitable openings can heat the planar composite material holding device and the hot gas by contact with the wall of the planar composite material. Furthermore, the tube may also be heated by fixing the tube with a tube holder and directing a flow from one or two or more hot gas nozzles provided in a jacket holder onto the area of the tube to be heated.

Fixing element

The first fixing element and the further fixing element are configured such that the planar composite can be at least partially fixed, preferably clamped, between the first fixing surface and the further fixing surface. For this purpose, the first fixing element or the further fixing element or both can be prismatic, wherein the prism can have a rectangular or trapezoidal base region. In the case of prismatic fixing elements, the respective fixing surface is preferably the side surface of the prism, which represents a part of the generating surface of the prism. Furthermore, the first fixing element or the further fixing element or both can be configured as a circular tube. In the case of a circular tube as the fixing element, the corresponding fixing surface is a part of the generating surface of the circular tube. Preferably, at least one of the two fixing surfaces, preferably the first fixing surface, is flat in configuration. Preferably, at least one of the two fixing surfaces, preferably the other fixing surface, is flat outside the recess. The first fixing element is preferably knife-like or blade-like or both. The cutting edge here comprises precisely the first fixing surface. In this context, the cutting edge is not sharp, but blunt in configuration. The first fixing element should be able to press or squeeze the planar composite material by applying pressure, instead of cutting it. The terms knife-like and blade-like are intended to denote a flat form of the fixation element. Preferably, the fixing elements extend longitudinally to the extent that a plurality of planar composites according to the invention can be fixed side by side between the fixing elements according to the invention. For this purpose, at least one of the fastening elements has a plurality of, preferably identical, recesses according to the invention. Preferably, the fixing element comprising the recess is configured as a rod.

Preferably, the recess is a groove. Preferred grooves are longitudinally extending depressions, preferably produced by milling. Preferably, the recess comprises two edges of the fixing element. Preferably, the first recess region is configured such that no damage, preferably no compression, of the first composite region occurs during pressing of the first composite region between the first recess region and the further fixing element. Preferably, the second recess region is configured such that no damage, preferably no compression, of the second composite region occurs during pressing of the second composite region between the second recess region and the further fixing element. Further preferably, the third recess region is configured such that no damage, preferably no compression, of the third composite region occurs during pressing of the third composite region between the third recess region and the further fixing element. The damage here may in particular be combustion which occurs as a result of the introduction of excessive heat.

Preferably, the first fixing element or the further fixing element, more preferably the first fixing element, is designed as a vibration body, preferably as an ultrasound generator, in order to vibrate at a high frequency, preferably in the ultrasound range, and to excite vibrations in the planar composite. The heating of the planar composite material required for sealing preferably takes place by excitation of the ultrasonic vibrations. Preferably, only the layers of the planar composite are heated here to a temperature above their specific melting temperature, which is intended to facilitate the production of a sealing joint of previously unconnected layers. Preferably, the first or further fixing element, more preferably the further fixing element, is an anvil to the sonotrode. Preferably, the fixing element not comprising the recess is an ultrasound generator.

The periphery of the fixation element is a periphery perpendicular to the direction of longitudinal extension of the fixation element. In the case of prismatic fixing elements, the periphery of the fixing element is exactly the periphery of the base region of the prism. In the case of a circular tube as the fixing element, the periphery of the fixing element is exactly the periphery of the circular tube.

Joint seam

A seam is a spatial region in which at least two seam regions are joined to one another. The seam region here is a partial region of the surface or the layer or both extending along the seam. Thus, the seam area is adjacent to the seam. If two layers or layer sequences are connected to one another along a seam, a partial region of one layer or layer sequence along the seam is a first seam region and a partial region of the other layer or layer sequence along the seam is a further layer seam region. The preferred seam is a sealed seam. In the case of a sealed seam, the seam is a region of space in which the sealing material melts, and the two surfaces or layers or both are now connected to one another. The preferred seam is gas and liquid tight. The preferred seam is a head seam. A header seam is a seam that closes a container in its header or gable area.

Sterilization

Sterilization refers to the treatment of a product, preferably a container or a food product or both, to reduce the number of bacteria on or in the product. Sterilization can be performed, for example, by the action of heat or by contact with chemicals. Herein, the chemical may be a gas or a liquid or both. The preferred chemical is hydrogen peroxide.

Autoclaving

Autoclaving refers to the treatment of a product, typically a filled and sealed container, wherein the product is located in a pressure chamber and heated to a temperature above 100 ℃, preferably between 100 and 140 ℃. Furthermore, the chamber pressure in the pressure chamber is higher than 1bar, preferably higher than 1.1bar, more preferably higher than 1.2bar, more preferably higher than 1.3bar and up to 4 bar. Further preferably, the autoclaving is performed with the product in contact with water vapour.

Pasteurization

Pasteurization or pasteurization indicates that liquid or pasty food is heated for short periods up to 100 ℃ to kill microorganisms. It is used for fresh-keeping: especially milk, fruit and vegetable juices and liquid ice.

Measuring method

The following measurement methods are used in the context of the present invention. Unless otherwise stated, measurements were made at an ambient temperature of 25 ℃, an ambient air pressure of 100kPa (0.986atm) and a relative atmospheric humidity of 50%.

MFR value

MFR values were measured according to standard ISO 1133 (measured at 190 ℃ and 2.16kg, unless otherwise indicated).

Density of

The density is measured according to standard ISO 1183-1.

Melting Point

The melting temperature is determined by means of DSC method ISO 11357-1, -5. According to the manufacturer's instructions, the device is calibrated by means of the following measurements:

-temperature of the start of indium temperature,

-the heat of melting the indium,

temperature zinc onset temperature.

Rate of oxygen permeation

The oxygen permeation rate is determined according to standard ISO 14663-2 appendix C at 20 ℃ and 65% relative atmospheric humidity.

Moisture content of the board

The moisture content of the board is measured according to standard ISO 287: 2009.

Adhesion to determine the adhesion of two adjacent layers, they are fixed on a rotatable roller on a 90 ° peel test device, for example a german rotary wheel fixture from Instron, which rotates at 40mm/min during the measurement. The samples were precut into strips 15mm wide. On one side of the sample, the layers are separated from each other and the separated ends are clamped into a tensioning device directed vertically upwards. A measuring device for determining the tension is attached to the tensioning device. Upon rotation of the roll, the force required to separate the layers from each other was measured. This force corresponds to the adhesion of the layers to each other and is expressed in N/15 mm. The separation of the layers can be carried out, for example, mechanically or by targeted pretreatment, for example by softening the sample in hot 30% strength acetic acid at 60 ℃ for 3 min.

Layer thickness

Dimensions of 2.5 to 3.0cm x 1.0 to 1.5cm were removed from the composite material to be investigated. The long side of the sample should be at right angles to the running direction of the extrusion and the fiber direction of the paperboard. The sample was held in a metal holder forming a smooth surface. The protrusion of the sample should be no greater than 2 to 3 mm. The metal clip is secured prior to cutting. In order to obtain clean cuts, in particular of cardboard fibres, the sample parts protruding from the metal holder are frozen with cooling nozzles. The portion was then removed by a disposable blade (Leica, Microtome Blades). The fixing of the sample in the metal holder is now released so that the sample can be pushed 3 to 4mm from the metal holder. And then fixed again. For studies under an optical microscope (Nicon Eclipse E800), the sample in the sample holder was placed under one lens (magnifications X2.5, X5, X10, X20, X50) on the objective stage of the optical microscope. The appropriate lens should be selected according to the layer thickness of the area to be investigated. Precise centering is achieved under a microscope. In most cases, illumination from the side (swan-neck lamp) is used as the light source. The reflected light irradiation of the optical microscope is used additionally or alternatively, if desired. Under optimal focusing and illumination of the sample, the individual layers of the complex should be detectable. An Olympus camera (Olympus DP71) with appropriate image processing software (analsis) for analySIS was used for recording and measurement. The layer thickness of each layer is also determined therefrom.

Molecular weight distribution

The molecular weight distribution was measured by gel permeation chromatography by light scattering: ISO 16014-3/-5.

Intrinsic viscosity of PA:

the intrinsic viscosity of PA is measured in 95% sulfuric acid according to standard ISO 307.

Leak resistance

Crystalline oil 60 with methylene blue from Shell Chemicals was used as a test agent for leak resistance testing. For the leak resistance test, 500 containers were produced, the container precursors being filled with water before closing. The closed container is then cut along the perimeter of the container to obtain a separate sealed header region. This was filled with about 20ml of test agent and stored for 3 hours. Outside the head region, it is then tested whether the test agent produces a blue discoloration there in the event of a seal leakage.

Drawings

FIG. 1a) a diagram of a container precursor comprising a first composite zone according to the present invention and a second composite zone according to the present invention;

FIG. 1b) a diagram of an apparatus according to the invention comprising a container precursor;

FIG. 1c) is a diagram of another apparatus according to the invention comprising a container precursor;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another device according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another device according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another device according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another device according to the present invention;

FIG. 8a) is a plan view of another fixing surface according to the invention;

FIG. 8b) is a plan view of another fixing surface according to the invention;

FIG. 8c) is a plan view of another fixation surface according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a method according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a planar composite provided for use in a method according to the invention;

FIG. 11a) a schematic illustration of method step i) of the method according to the invention;

FIG. 11b) a schematic representation of method step ii) of the method according to the invention;

FIG. 11c) a schematic representation of method step iii) of the method according to the invention;

FIG. 11d) a schematic representation of method step iv) of the method according to the invention;

FIG. 11e) a schematic illustration of method step v) of the method according to the invention;

FIG. 11f) a schematic representation of method step vi) of the method according to the invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a containment vessel according to the present invention;

FIG. 13a) is a schematic view of another containment vessel according to the present invention;

FIG. 13b) is a cross-sectional view through the seam and depression of the closed container in FIG. 13 a);

FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view through the seam and depression of the closed container of FIG. 13 a);

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for sealing the header region of a container precursor that is not in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of another arrangement for sealing a header region of a container precursor that is not in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for sealing a header region of a container precursor according to the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of another arrangement for sealing a header region of a container precursor according to the present invention; and

fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view of another arrangement for sealing a header region of a container precursor according to the present invention.

List of reference names

Number name

100 device according to the invention

101 plane composite material

102 container precursor

103 first fixing element

104 another fixing element

105 first fixing surface

106 another fixing surface

107 first recombination zone

108 second recombination zone

109 a first width

110 second width

111 longitudinal seam

112 head region

113 inside

201 first composite layer

202 second composite layer

203 third composite layer

204 fourth composite layer

205 first carrier layer

206 first barrier layer

207 third carrier layer

208 third barrier layer

209 fourth barrier layer

210 fourth carrier layer

211 first recess region

212 second recessed area

213 first maximum depth

214 second maximum depth

215 second barrier layer

216 second carrier layer

217 groove

501 third recombination zone

502 third width

503 third recessed area

504 third maximum depth

801 length

802 width

803 straight line

804 first edge/straight first edge portion

805 other edge/straight other edge portion

806 angle

900 according to the method of the invention

901 method step a)

902 method step b)

903 method step c)

904 method step d)

1000 middle area

1101 layer sequence

1102 inner region

1103 edge region

1104 composite barrier layer

1105 composite carrier layer

1106 folding

1107 first edge fold region

1108 another edge fold area

1109 first part of the other edge fold region

1110 another portion of the other edge fold region

1111 first composite folding area

1112 another compound fold region

1113A part of the interior

1114 Another fold

1115 nicks

1200 closed container according to the invention

1201 head joint

1300A closed container according to the invention

1301 recess

1302 seam

1303 first seam region

1304 another seam region

1500 device for sealing a head region according to comparative example 1

1501 hot air

1600 device for sealing a head region according to comparative example 2

1700 apparatus for sealing a header region according to example 1

1800 device for sealing a head region according to example 2

1900 apparatus for sealing a header region according to example 3.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.

For the examples (according to the invention) and comparative examples (not according to the invention), laminates having the following layer structure and layer sequence were prepared by a lamination extrusion process.

	Weight per unit area	Index of refraction
			LDPE	15g/m2	(3)
Support layer	240g/cm2	(2)
			LDPE	18g/m2	(3)
Barrier layer	6μm	(1)
			Adhesion promoter	4g/m2	(5)
LDPE	22g/m2	(3)
			mPE blends	10g/m2	(4)

Here, in detail, according to the above-described index:

(1) aluminum from Hydro Aluminum Deutschland GmbH, EN AW 8079, 6 μm thick.

(2) Paper board: stora Enso Natura T Duplex Doppler, Scott bond 200J/m2, residual moisture content 7.5%

(3) LDPE19N430 from Ineos GmbH, Cologne

(4) mPE blend: 35 wt.% from Dow ChemicalsPT 1451G1 and 65 wt.% LDPE19N430 from Ineos GmbH, Cologne

(5)Escor 6000 HSC Exxonmobil

For each example (according to the invention) and for each comparative example (not according to the invention), the jacketed vessel precursor and its vessel were prepared as follows:

comparative example 1

The edges of the following laminates were first prepared. In the edge region adjacent to the edge, the outermost LDPE layer is complete and the carrier layer is partly skived. In this way the outermost LDPE layer was removed and the layer thickness of the carrier layer was reduced to 80% of its unscored layer thickness, which was 430 μm. Scraping was performed using a rotating cup blade (skiver tool model VN 50 from fortuna spezialmasschinen GmbH, Weil der Stadt, Germany). The shaved area is then folded fully over the adjacent non-shaved area of the laminate and joined by sealing with the outermost LDPE layer of the non-shaved area. A sleeve-like container precursor, wherein the edges prepared as above are the edges of the longitudinal seam facing inwards in the container precursor, is subsequently produced by folding in a manner similar to fig. 11 e. Furthermore, the regions for the longitudinal seam to be sealed are superimposed on one another, so that the edge of the laminate placed on the prepared edge is closed exactly flush with the skived region provided around the unscored region. In all cases, the edge on the scraping area, which is placed on top, does not protrude into the non-scraping area. This is illustrated in fig. 15. The longitudinal seam is sealed by contacting the areas to be joined, heating to the sealing temperature of the mPE blend, and pressing the areas to be joined. Heating is carried out here by blowing hot air. The base region of the container precursor is produced by folding and is closed by sealing with hot air. The head region is likewise closed by folding and by sealing with hot air. Fig. 15 shows a schematic layout according to which the sealing of the head region is performed.

Comparative example 2

The container precursor according to comparative example 2, which was not produced according to the present invention, was used as comparative example 2 which is not based on the present invention. However, the closing of the head region is carried out by ultrasonic sealing. For this purpose, the regions to be sealed, one of which comprises a part of the longitudinal seam, are pressed between the sonotrode and the anvil. The contact surfaces of the sonotrode and the anvil are flat in this configuration. Fig. 16 shows a cross-sectional view of the arrangement.