阅读说明：本技术 一种三元定向水听器模块 (Ternary directional hydrophone module ) 是由 姚纪元 徐余 俞思源 程启航 陶玉春 于 2021-07-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种三元定向水听器模块,与常规设计的将放大电路(或匹配电路)作为水听器的部件内置于水听器空间内部方式完全相反,而是将水听器基元作为放大电路的分离器件进行设计,通过结构定位保证水听器基元的相互位置,水听器基元间的位置精度可控制在0.1mm以内。模块化设计后可将输出电缆由3根减少到1根,做到了电缆影响最小化。虽然三元定向水听器模块是一个整体,但水密封装采用水听器基元独立封装方式,将水听器基元声接收面水密胶层减少到最薄,且水听器基元声接收面完全与水介质接触。(The invention provides a ternary directional hydrophone module, which is completely opposite to the conventional design that an amplifying circuit (or a matching circuit) is used as a component of a hydrophone and is arranged in a hydrophone space, a hydrophone element is used as a separation device of the amplifying circuit for design, the mutual positions of the hydrophone elements are ensured through structural positioning, and the position precision among the hydrophone elements can be controlled within 0.1 mm. After the modular design, the number of output cables can be reduced from 3 to 1, and the influence of the cables is minimized. Although the three-element directional hydrophone module is an integral body, the water seal adopts the independent packaging mode of the hydrophone elements, the watertight glue layer of the sound receiving surface of the hydrophone elements is reduced to be thinnest, and the sound receiving surface of the hydrophone elements is completely contacted with the water medium.)

1. A ternary directional hydrophone module, comprising: the water-tight sealing device mainly comprises a hydrophone element (1), a circuit board (2), a positioning plate (3), a cable (6) and water-tight rubber, wherein the hydrophone element (1) is used as a separating device of the circuit board (2), two ends of the hydrophone element (1) are respectively connected with the circuit board (2) and the positioning plate (3), and the water-tight sealing is carried out by adopting a mode of filling the water-tight rubber after the hydrophone element (1) is fixed.

2. The ternary directional hydrophone module of claim 1, wherein: the output end of the hydrophone element (1) is provided with a hydrophone output pin (11) and is connected with the circuit board (2) through the hydrophone output pin (11); the hydrophone element (1) tail end is equipped with location step (12), locating plate (3) on be equipped with location step (12) matched with locating plate locating hole (31) realize the location connection.

3. The ternary directional hydrophone module of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the positioning plate (3) is provided with three positioning plate positioning holes (31) and three positioning plate pouring positioning holes (33) which are arranged in a staggered mode, and a positioning plate mark (32) is marked beside each positioning plate positioning hole (31).

4. The ternary directional hydrophone module of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the circuit board (2) is provided with a preposed amplifying circuit which comprises 3 paths of consistent and mutually independent amplifying circuits and is provided with a circuit board mark (21); the circuit board (2) is also provided with a circuit board cable through hole (22) and a circuit board welding wire mark (23).

5. The ternary directional hydrophone module of claim 2, wherein: the hydrophone element (1) is externally sleeved with a shielding net (4), two ends of the shielding net (4) are provided with shielding net welding ears (41), one end of the shielding net is used for being welded with the circuit board (2), and the other end of the shielding net is used for covering a positioning step (12) of the hydrophone element (1).

6. The ternary directional hydrophone module of claim 1, wherein: a shielding shell (5) is arranged at the joint of the circuit board (2) and the hydrophone output pin (11) and is used for completely shielding the exposed part of the hydrophone output pin (11); the shielding shell welding ears (51) are arranged on the periphery of the shielding shell (5) and used for welding the shielding shell (5) on the circuit board (2).

7. The ternary directional hydrophone module of claim 6, wherein: the top end and the side surface of the shielding shell (5) are provided with shielding shell perfusion glue inlet holes (52) for air leakage holes during watertight packaging.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of underwater acoustic transducers, and mainly relates to a ternary directional hydrophone module.

Background

At present, a sonar array arranged in a bulb nose head of a small-sized surface ship is mostly a cylindrical array, the array is generally designed into a receiving and transmitting body, an array element transducer is mostly a large-size longitudinal vibration transducer, in order to give consideration to transmitting and receiving performances, the working bandwidth is generally narrow, the array is limited by the aperture of the array and the number of the array elements, and the receiving performance is relatively weak.

In order to improve the detection capability of small-sized surface ship sonar, a best mode is to design a conformal receiving array in the head of a ball nose, and install a cylindrical transmitting array on the inner side of the head end of the receiving array, so that the transmitting working frequency can be reduced, the aperture and the array element number of the receiving array are greatly increased, and great help is provided for improving the capabilities of underwater target detection, positioning, identification and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a ternary directional hydrophone module aiming at the characteristics of a bulb-nose conformal array of a small-sized surface ship. The module has good orientation effect after output signals are formed by wave beams, the hollow conformal array forming process can be simplified by using the module, the trend mode of a cable bundle is optimized, the influence of the cable on the performance of a basic array is reduced, and the working frequency of the basic array can be higher. The three-element directional hydrophone module can be used in a conformal array and other fixed arrays.

In underwater acoustic equipment, in order to realize a function of positioning a target, a space three-point hydrophone is a more common working mode, such as a ternary array in a towed receiving linear array. But drag the receiving linear array operating frequency lower (generally be less than 2kHz), the hydrophone is in the linear array sheath, and the inside oil charge of sheath does not have the watertight problem, does not have transmission cable yet to shelter from, consequently, hydrophone fixed mode is comparatively simple, directly places inside location skeleton, because the space is comparatively sufficient, preceding circuit can be in keeping away from hydrophone department and place wantonly. The positioning framework is bound on the strong rope for positioning, and the positioning precision can be generally controlled within 1 cm. The hollow conformal array sonar for the naval vessel is in a spatial three-dimensional structure form, not only has a detection function, but also has functions of communication, identification and the like, and the upper limit of the working frequency can be more than ten kilohertz, so that the influence among array elements, including the influence of a transmission cable, even the influence of the thickness of a watertight glue layer cannot be ignored.

The ternary directional hydrophone module is completely opposite to the mode that an amplifying circuit (or a matching circuit) is arranged in a hydrophone space as a component of a hydrophone in the conventional design, hydrophone elements are designed as separating devices of the amplifying circuit, the mutual positions of the hydrophone elements are guaranteed through structural positioning, and the position precision among the hydrophone elements can be controlled within 0.1 mm. After the modular design, the number of output cables can be reduced from 3 to 1, and the influence of the cables is minimized. Although the three-element directional hydrophone module is an integral body, the water seal adopts the independent packaging mode of the hydrophone elements, the watertight glue layer of the sound receiving surface of the hydrophone elements is reduced to be thinnest, and the sound receiving surface of the hydrophone elements is completely contacted with the water medium.

The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical means. A three-element directional hydrophone module mainly comprises a hydrophone element, a circuit board, a positioning plate, a cable and watertight rubber, wherein two ends of the hydrophone element are respectively connected with the circuit board and the positioning plate, and the hydrophone element is fixed and then is watertight by filling the watertight rubber. The hydrophone element is used as a separating device (similar to a direct-insertion electrolytic capacitor) of a circuit board to realize high fusion with the circuit, the integration degree is higher, and the application is more convenient.

In the technical scheme, the output end of the hydrophone element is provided with a hydrophone output contact pin and is connected with the circuit board through the hydrophone output contact pin, and the output contact pin is a two-core contact pin generally; the tail end of the hydrophone element is provided with a positioning step, and the positioning plate is provided with a positioning plate positioning hole matched with the positioning step to realize positioning connection.

In the technical scheme, the positioning plate is provided with three positioning plate positioning holes and positioning plate filling positioning holes which are arranged in a staggered mode, and a positioning plate mark is marked beside each positioning plate positioning hole.

In the technical scheme, the circuit board is provided with a pre-amplification circuit which comprises 3 paths of consistent and mutually independent amplification circuits and is provided with a circuit board mark; the circuit board is also provided with a circuit board cable through hole and a circuit board welding wire mark.

In the technical scheme, the hydrophone element is externally sleeved with the shielding net, the two ends of the shielding net are provided with the shielding net welding ears, one end of the shielding net is used for being welded with the circuit board, and the other end of the shielding net is used for covering the positioning step of the hydrophone element.

In the technical scheme, a shielding shell is arranged at the joint of the circuit board and the hydrophone output contact pin and is used for completely shielding the exposed part of the hydrophone output contact pin; and shielding shell welding lugs are arranged around the shielding shell and used for welding the shielding shell on the circuit board 2.

In the technical scheme, the top end and the side surface of the shielding shell are provided with the shielding shell filling glue inlet holes for the air leakage holes during watertight packaging.

Compared with the prior art, the ternary directional hydrophone module has better positioning precision, more convenient array interface and smaller size. The ternary directional hydrophone module provides technical support for forming a fixed hollow receiving array and technical support for realizing an integrated acoustic array (an emitting array is arranged in the receiving array).

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the application effect of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a ternary directional hydrophone module in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembly of one embodiment of the present invention in an unshielded state before watertight packaging;

FIG. 4 is an assembled view of the tape shield prior to watertight packaging according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the hydrophone element components of an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of circuit board components of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a locating plate assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a shielding mesh component of an embodiment of the present invention;

figure 9 is a schematic view of a shield shell member of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a hydrophone cell directivity test pattern for one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 11 is a beam pattern of an embodiment of the present invention;

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

Fig. 1 shows an application example of a three-element directional hydrophone module provided by the present invention, specifically, an underwater acoustic hollow conformal array, which includes a matrix frame i, a transmitting transducer array ii, a three-element directional hydrophone module iii, and a three-element directional hydrophone module positioning frame iv. For a clearer display application example, most of the ternary directional hydrophone modules and the ternary directional hydrophone module positioning frameworks are omitted from the conformal array, and the conformal array has almost no influence on the emission performance of the built-in emission transducer array.

As shown in fig. 2 to 9, the present invention provides a three-element directional hydrophone module, comprising:

the device comprises a hydrophone element 1, a circuit board 2, a positioning plate 3, a shielding net 4, a shielding shell 5, a cable 6 and watertight rubber, wherein the hydrophone comprises a hydrophone output pin 11, a positioning step 12, a circuit board mark 21, a circuit board cable penetrating hole 22, a circuit board welding wire mark 23, a positioning plate positioning hole 31, a positioning plate mark 32, a positioning plate pouring positioning hole 33, a shielding net welding ear 41, a shielding shell welding ear 51 and a shielding shell pouring rubber inlet hole 52.

The hydrophone element 1 is used as a separating device of the circuit board 2, two ends of the hydrophone element 1 are respectively connected with the circuit board 2 and the positioning plate 3, the hydrophone element 1 is watertight by adopting a mode of filling watertight rubber after being fixed, the watertight mode is split type watertight, and the phenomenon that a watertight rubber layer forms a baffle plate effect on the hydrophone module is avoided.

Preferably, the hydrophone element is a piezoelectric ceramic circular tube hydrophone, the output of the hydrophone is in a contact pin form, the diameter of the contact pin is 1mm, the length of the contact pin is 5mm, and the tail end of the hydrophone is provided with a positioning step with the diameter of 7mm and the length of 5 mm.

Preferably, the circuit board comprises 3 paths of consistent and mutually independent amplifying circuits, and the amplifying circuits are provided with 1, 2 and 3 marks, the 3 paths of amplifying circuits are uniformly distributed, the circumference interval is 120 degrees, the maximum outer diameter is 66mm, the thickness is 3mm, and the middle part is provided with a cable through hole with the diameter of 6.5 mm.

Preferably, the positioning plate is made of reinforced ABS plastic, 3 positioning holes with the diameter of 7.2mm are uniformly distributed on the positioning plate and used for being matched with the positioning steps of the hydrophone element, and marks 1, 2 and 3 are marked on the positioning holes.

Preferably, the shielding net is formed by rolling a 100-mesh copper net into a circle and welding, the diameter of the shielding net is 14mm, welding wire ears are reserved at two ends of the shielding net in opposite positions, one end of the shielding net is used for being welded with the circuit board, and the other end of the shielding net is used for covering the hydrophone element positioning step.

Preferably, the shielding shell is formed by stamping beryllium bronze with the diameter of 0.2mm, welding wire ears are reserved on the periphery of the shielding shell and used for being welded with a circuit board, and a plurality of small holes with the diameter of 1mm are formed in the top end and the side face of the shielding shell and used as air leakage holes in watertight packaging.

Preferably, the cable is a 6-core rubber cable with a total shielding and a diameter of 6mm, and the length of the cable is 3 meters.

Preferably, the watertight rubber is urethane rubber.

Specifically, the prepared components are executed according to the following operations:

(1) preparation work: and cleaning the hydrophone element 1 and the positioning plate 3 by using detergent or soap water, drying and naturally cooling to room temperature for later use. And soaking the shielding net 4 and the shielding shell 5 in absolute ethyl alcohol, taking out after soaking, and naturally drying.

(2) Assembling the circuit board and the cable: the 3-meter long cable 6 is cut, the outer sheaths at the two ends are stripped by 10cm, one end of the cable is inserted into a round hole in the middle of the circuit board 3, a power source "+" mark of the red core wire welding circuit board, a power source "-" mark of the blue core wire welding circuit board, a power source "GND" mark of the black core wire welding circuit board, a signal output "O1" mark of the yellow core wire welding circuit board, a signal output "O2" mark of the green core wire welding circuit board, a signal output "O3" mark of the brown core wire welding circuit board and a shielding mark of the cable total shielding welding circuit board are marked.

(3) Cutting the piezoelectric ceramics: the P4 piezoelectric thin wafer after oil removal treatment is cut by a cutting machine with a blade thickness of 0.5mm, the stepping distance is 3.5mm, and the cutting depth is 2 mm.

(4) Hydrophone element installation: and (3) leading an output pin of the hydrophone element to pass through a bonding wire hole of the circuit board and fixing the output pin by using soldering tin.

(5) Shielding and mounting: the shielding net 4 is respectively sleeved in the hydrophone elements, the ears on one side close to the hydrophone inserting pins are welded on the circuit board, the shielding shell 5 is welded on the exposed part of the circuit board hydrophone inserting pins, and the inserting pins are completely shielded.

(6) Hydrophone element fixation: the ears of the shielding net far away from the circuit board end are coated on the positioning steps of the hydrophone element, then the ears are respectively arranged in 3 positioning holes of the positioning plate 3, when the ears are arranged in the positioning holes, the marks of 1, 2 and 3 on the positioning plate are ensured to be in one-to-one correspondence with the marks of 1, 2 and 3 on the circuit board, and then glue is dispensed at the positioning holes for fixing.

(7) Watertight packaging: after the hydrophone elements are fixed, the hydrophone elements are placed into a special die, positioning is carried out through the filling positioning holes of the positioning plates, and watertight is carried out in a polyurethane rubber filling mode.

(8) And (3) testing: a sample is manufactured according to the design method for testing, and the result is as follows, the testing frequency is 6kHz, and the maximum horizontal directivity nonuniformity of three hydrophone elements in the ternary directional hydrophone module is only 1.7 dB.

The debugging result of the water pool of the ternary directional hydrophone module is shown in the figure 10-11, and the ternary directional hydrophone module has a good direction finding effect at the frequency of 4-12 kHz.

The embodiments are described in a progressive manner in the specification, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.