阅读说明：本技术 一种制备碳纳米管增强铝基复合材料的方法 (Method for preparing carbon nano tube reinforced aluminum matrix composite ) 是由 李铜玲 于 2018-06-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种制备碳纳米管增强铝基复合材料的方法。该方法包括以下步骤：按重量份数计称取以下原料：纳米铝18-28份、纳米二氧化钛1-4份、碳纳米管20-28份、竹纤维1-8份、聚乙烯二醇24-43份、氧化铝45-60份、聚乙二醇40-50份、改性淀粉1-3份；将碳纳米管浸入改性淀粉中低温冷冻干燥后,投入球磨机中磨碎后,通过磁力溅射技术溅射得改性碳纳米管；将氧化铝和竹纤维混合投入球磨机中球磨,再加入聚乙烯二醇和聚乙二醇,搅拌均匀后,加入改性碳纳米管继续搅拌后,投入双螺杆挤出机,压制成铝基复合材料。本发明制备得到的复合材料具有质轻、力学性能优异的特点,制备方法简单易行,适于工业生产。(The invention discloses a method for preparing a carbon nano tube reinforced aluminum matrix composite. The method comprises the following steps: weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18-28 parts of nano aluminum, 1-4 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 20-28 parts of carbon nano tubes, 1-8 parts of bamboo fibers, 24-43 parts of polyethylene glycol, 45-60 parts of aluminum oxide, 40-50 parts of polyethylene glycol and 1-3 parts of modified starch; immersing the carbon nano tube into modified starch, freezing and drying at low temperature, putting into a ball mill, grinding, and sputtering by a magnetic sputtering technology to obtain the modified carbon nano tube; mixing alumina and bamboo fiber, ball milling in a ball mill, adding polyethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol, stirring, adding modified carbon nanotube, stirring, extruding in a double screw extruder, and pressing to obtain the aluminum-base composite material. The composite material prepared by the invention has the characteristics of light weight and excellent mechanical property, and the preparation method is simple and feasible and is suitable for industrial production.)

1. A method for preparing a carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composite is characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1, weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18-28 parts of nano aluminum, 1-4 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 20-28 parts of carbon nano tubes, 1-8 parts of bamboo fibers, 24-43 parts of polyethylene glycol, 45-60 parts of aluminum oxide, 40-50 parts of polyethylene glycol and 1-3 parts of modified starch; immersing a carbon nano tube into modified starch, freezing and drying at low temperature, putting the carbon nano tube into a ball mill for grinding, sequentially sputtering nano titanium dioxide and nano aluminum on the surface of the carbon nano tube by a magnetic sputtering technology, and drying at 105-120 ℃ to obtain the modified carbon nano tube; and 3, mixing the alumina and the bamboo fibers, putting the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling, adding the polyethylene glycol and the polyethylene glycol, stirring uniformly, adding the modified carbon nano tube, continuing stirring, putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder, degassing, and pressing the mixture in a nitrogen atmosphere to prepare the aluminum-based composite material.

2. The method for preparing a carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified starch in the step 1 is prepared from starch, chitosan and copper sulfate in a molar ratio of 3-6: 1: 2-4, and mixing.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotubes in step 1 have a diameter of 10-20nm and a length of 20-30 μm.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ball milling speed in step 2 is 100-120rpm, and the material of the milling ball is 3-5mm quartz sand.

5. The method for preparing carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the modified carbon nanotubes to the alumina in the step 3 is 1: 3-7.

6. The method for preparing a carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion conditions of the twin-screw extruder in the step 3 are as follows: the temperature of the first zone is 100-.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of composite materials, in particular to a method for preparing a carbon nano tube reinforced aluminum-based composite material.

Background

Composite material refers to a material formed by combining two or more materials together. The composite materials widely used in modern times are mostly compounded by using various high-performance fibers as reinforcing phases and resin as matrix phases. The aluminum matrix composite has high specific strength, specific modulus, good electrical and thermal conductivity and high temperature performance, has been applied in the fields of aerospace, automobiles, microelectronics and the like, and draws more and more attention. The carbon nano tube has unique structure and excellent physical and chemical properties (Young modulus can reach 1-1.8TPa, tensile strength can reach 150GPa, and density can reach 1.2-1.8 g/cm)³The coefficient of thermal expansion is almost zero, and simultaneously, the composite material has good toughness and plastic deformation capability), and the comprehensive performance of the composite material is far superior to that of the existing particles or fibers, so that the composite material is an ideal reinforcement of the composite material. However, carbon tubes have a large specific surface area and a high surface energy, and are often adsorbed together by van der waals forces (van der waals binding energy between carbon nanotubes in contact with each other is about 500eV/μm) to form aggregates; in addition, carbon tubes have a large surface inertness, lack active groups, and have a low solubility in various solvents, which makes it difficult to disperse them in the matrix and to bond them to the interface between metals.

The application number 201610928860.0 discloses a preparation method of a carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composite, which comprises the steps of firstly obtaining composite powder with uniformly dispersed carbon tubes by adopting low-temperature ball milling, then solidifying the powder by canning, degassing and hot isostatic pressing to obtain a composite blank, then forming a bar, a section or a forged piece product by conventional hot processing methods such as extrusion, forging and the like, and finally carrying out heat treatment. The method can ensure that the carbon nano tube obtains good dispersibility in the aluminum alloy matrix, the damage degree of the reinforcement body is small, and the formed composite material has uniform microstructure and good interface combination. The material has high strength and plasticity, and is expected to be applied to the fields of aerospace, automobiles and the like which have strong demands on light high-strength structural materials. However, the carbon nanotubes on the composite material are easy to fall off, so the bonding force with the aluminum base needs to be improved.

Application No. 201310659972.7, entitled carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composite, prepared by the following method: 1) shearing and mixing the pre-dispersed carbon nano tubes and a binder at a high speed, uniformly coating the binder on the surfaces of the carbon nano tubes, adding pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder, shearing and mixing at a high speed, and uniformly distributing the carbon nano tubes on the surfaces of the pure aluminum powder or the aluminum alloy powder to obtain first composite powder; 2) performing ball milling treatment on the obtained first composite powder to obtain second composite powder, and 3) sequentially performing sintering forming and hot extrusion forming to obtain the composite powder. The invention eliminates the adverse factor of delamination caused by density difference, uniformly mixes the CNTs and the aluminum powder, maintains good sintering activity, increases the bonding strength between the CNTs and the aluminum powder, and obtains good interface bonding. The invention can strengthen the aluminum matrix by utilizing the combined action of work hardening and grain refinement and reinforcement of the matrix, so that the tensile strength and the wear resistance of the composite material are greatly improved. However, the composite material prepared by the method has high cost and is not suitable for popularization and application.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for preparing a carbon nano tube reinforced aluminum matrix composite, which has the advantages of simple preparation method, low requirement on equipment, excellent mechanical property of the obtained composite, light texture and excellent mechanical property.

A method for preparing a carbon nano tube reinforced aluminum matrix composite material comprises the following steps:

step 1, weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18-28 parts of nano aluminum, 1-4 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 20-28 parts of carbon nano tubes, 1-8 parts of bamboo fibers, 24-43 parts of polyethylene glycol, 45-60 parts of aluminum oxide, 40-50 parts of polyethylene glycol and 1-3 parts of modified starch;

step 2, immersing the carbon nano tube into modified starch, freezing and drying at low temperature, putting the carbon nano tube into a ball mill for grinding, sequentially sputtering nano titanium dioxide and nano aluminum on the surface of the carbon nano tube by a magnetic sputtering technology, and drying at the temperature of 105-;

and 3, mixing the alumina and the bamboo fibers, putting the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling, adding the polyethylene glycol and the polyethylene glycol, stirring uniformly, adding the modified carbon nano tube, continuing stirring, putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder, degassing, and pressing the mixture in a nitrogen atmosphere to prepare the aluminum-based composite material.

The improvement is that the modified starch in the step 1 is prepared from starch, chitosan and copper sulfate according to a molar ratio of 3-6: 1: 2-4, and mixing.

As a modification, the diameter of the carbon nano-tube in the step 1 is 10-20nm, and the length is 20-30 μm.

The improvement is that in the step 2, the ball milling rotating speed is 100-120rpm, and the material of the milling ball is quartz sand with the thickness of 3-5 mm.

The improvement is that the mol ratio of the modified carbon nano tube to the alumina in the step 3 is 1: 3-7.

As an improvement, the extrusion conditions of the twin-screw extruder in the step 3 are as follows: the temperature of the first zone is 100-.

Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the method utilizes the magnetic sputtering technology to detect the nano aluminum and the nano titanium dioxide on the carbon nano tube, solves the problem that the performance of the modified carbon nano tube formed by pressing or coating is unstable in the past, and enhances the binding force between the carbon nano tube and the aluminum oxide. The modified carbon nano tube and the bamboo fiber have synergistic effect, so that the mechanical property of the composite material is improved.

Advantageous effects

The composite material prepared by the invention has the characteristics of light weight and excellent mechanical property, is suitable for being used as a material for producing a bicycle wheel frame, and is simple and easy to prepare and suitable for industrial production.

Detailed Description

The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention.