阅读说明：本技术 一种基于单摆的液体粘滞系数测量装置及方法 (Device and method for measuring liquid viscosity coefficient based on simple pendulum ) 是由 费贤翔 王文华 周虹 谭乐腾 于 2021-07-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种基于单摆的液体粘滞系数测量装置,包括工作台,工作台内设置有升降部,升降部顶端设置有储液箱,工作台顶端通过支板固接有角度调节部,角度调节部上转动连接有摆球,摆球与储液箱对应设置；角度调节部包括与支板固接的固定轴,固定轴远离支板的一端固接有转杆,转杆通过摆线与摆球转动连接,固定轴侧壁通过转动件转动连接有第一调节板。本发明能够实现不需要知道液体的粘滞系数,同时,无论液体是否透明,均可以运动该装置和方法进行测试,在测试过程中不需要使用大量的液体,可重新进行测试,且粘滞系数的测量范围较宽,测量精度高。(The invention discloses a liquid viscosity coefficient measuring device based on a simple pendulum, which comprises a workbench, wherein a lifting part is arranged in the workbench, a liquid storage tank is arranged at the top end of the lifting part, an angle adjusting part is fixedly connected to the top end of the workbench through a support plate, a pendulum ball is rotatably connected to the angle adjusting part, and the pendulum ball is arranged corresponding to the liquid storage tank; the angle adjusting part comprises a fixed shaft fixedly connected with the support plate, a rotating rod is fixedly connected to one end, far away from the support plate, of the fixed shaft, the rotating rod is rotatably connected with the swinging ball through a cycloid, and a first adjusting plate is rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed shaft through a rotating piece. The device and the method can realize that the viscosity coefficient of the liquid does not need to be known, meanwhile, the device and the method can be moved for testing whether the liquid is transparent or not, a large amount of liquid is not needed in the testing process, the testing can be carried out again, the measuring range of the viscosity coefficient is wide, and the measuring precision is high.)

1. The device for measuring the liquid viscosity coefficient based on the simple pendulum is characterized by comprising a workbench (1), wherein a lifting part is arranged in the workbench (1), a liquid storage tank (2) is arranged at the top end of the lifting part, an angle adjusting part is fixedly connected to the top end of the workbench (1) through a support plate (40), a pendulum ball (3) is rotatably connected to the angle adjusting part, and the pendulum ball (3) is arranged corresponding to the liquid storage tank (2);

the angle adjusting part comprises a fixed shaft (4) fixedly connected with the support plate (40), a rotating rod (5) is fixedly connected to one end, far away from the support plate (40), of the fixed shaft (4), the rotating rod (5) is in sliding contact with the swing ball (3) through a cycloid (6), the side wall of the fixed shaft (4) is rotatably connected with a first adjusting plate (7) through a rotating piece, the first adjusting plate (7) is fixedly connected with a second adjusting plate (9) through a connecting plate (8), the connecting plate (8) is located above the rotating rod (5), and the swing ball (3) is located between the first adjusting plate (7) and the second adjusting plate (9);

the swing ball fixing device is characterized in that a fixing piece used for fixing the swing ball (3) is arranged between the first adjusting plate (7) and the second adjusting plate (9), and the fixing piece is rotatably connected with the first adjusting plate (7) and the second adjusting plate (9).

2. The simple pendulum-based liquid viscosity coefficient measuring device of claim 1, wherein: seted up cavity (10) in workstation (1), lift portion is including setting up first regulating block (11) and second regulating block (12) in cavity (10), first regulating block (11) with workstation (1) bottom sliding connection, second regulating block (12) with workstation (1) rigid coupling, first regulating block (11) top articulates there is first connecting rod (13), second regulating block (12) top articulates there is second connecting rod (14), first connecting rod (13) with second connecting rod (14) rotate through pivot (15) and connect, first connecting rod (13) end with second connecting rod (14) end articulates there is lifter plate (16), lifter plate (16) top with liquid reserve tank (2) bottom butt.

3. The simple pendulum-based liquid viscosity coefficient measuring device according to claim 2, wherein: be provided with compression spring (17) in cavity (10), compression spring (17) are located first regulating block (11) is kept away from one side of second regulating block (12), compression spring (17) both ends respectively with first regulating block (11) with workstation (1) lateral wall rigid coupling, it is connected with catch bar (18) to rotate on first regulating block (11), adjustment groove (19) have been seted up to workstation (1) lateral wall, catch bar (18) pass through adjustment groove (19) stretch out workstation (1), the rigid coupling has handle (20) on catch bar (18), be provided with on catch bar (18) and be used for locking the locking piece of first regulating block (11).

4. The simple pendulum-based liquid viscosity coefficient measuring device of claim 1, wherein: the through-hole has been seted up on first regulating plate (7), fixed axle (4) pass the through-hole, rotate the piece including setting up an adjusting cylinder (21) in the through-hole, adjusting cylinder (21) with first regulating plate (7) rigid coupling, the rigid coupling has a plurality of regulation teeth (22) on adjusting cylinder (21), the rigid coupling has shell fragment (23) on fixed axle (4), shell fragment (23) are located between arbitrary two adjacent regulation teeth (22), just shell fragment (23) with adjust tooth (22) butt.

5. The simple pendulum-based liquid viscosity coefficient measuring device of claim 1, wherein: first regulating plate (7) with recess (24) are all seted up on second regulating plate (9) top, the mounting is including setting up respectively two quarter butt (25) in recess (24), two be provided with horizontal ball (26) between quarter butt (25), horizontal ball (26) are close to one side rigid coupling of pendulum ball (3) has electro-magnet (27), electro-magnet (27) charge and adsorb pendulum ball (3), electro-magnet (27) outage does not adsorb pendulum ball (3), first regulating plate (7) bottom rigid coupling has power pack (28), power pack (28) with electro-magnet (27) electric connection.

6. The simple pendulum-based liquid viscosity coefficient measuring device of claim 1, wherein: be provided with angle scale mark (29) on fixed axle (4), angle scale mark (29) are located first regulating plate (7) with between extension board (40), the rigid coupling has pointer (30) on first regulating plate (7), pointer (30) with angle scale mark (29) correspond the setting, be provided with height scale mark (31) on pendulum ball (3).

7. The simple pendulum-based liquid viscosity coefficient measuring device of claim 1, wherein: and a displacement sensor (32) is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft (4), and the displacement sensor (32) is arranged corresponding to the pendulum ball (3).

8. The simple pendulum-based liquid viscosity coefficient measuring device of claim 1, wherein: the limiting groove (33) is formed in the workbench (1), the outer side wall of the liquid storage box (2) is fixedly connected with a limiting plate (34), and the limiting plate (34) is matched with the limiting groove (33).

9. A method of using a simple pendulum based viscosity index measurement device, the simple pendulum based viscosity index measurement device according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the operation steps comprise:

a. adjusting the height of the liquid storage tank (2): the pendulum ball (3) naturally droops, and the liquid storage tank (2) is adjusted to enable the pendulum ball (3) to be in contact with the liquid to be measured;

b. adjusting the release angle: after the step a is finished, rotating the angle adjusting part to the angle to be measured;

c. fixed pendulum ball (3): after the step b is finished, starting the fixing piece to fix the pendulum ball (3);

d. release pendulum ball (3): after the step c is finished, releasing the pendulum ball (3), and recording the stop motion time of the pendulum ball (3);

e. obtaining a fitting curve: and (d) after the steps a-d are finished, replacing the liquid, restarting the steps a-d, recording the stop motion time of the pendulum ball (3), and then obtaining a fitting curve through calculation.

10. The use method of the simple pendulum-based liquid viscosity coefficient measuring device according to claim 9, wherein: in the step e, the volume of the replacement liquid is the same, and the contact area of the pendulum ball (3) and the liquid is the same.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of liquid viscosity coefficient measuring instruments, in particular to a device and a method for measuring liquid viscosity coefficient based on a simple pendulum.

Background

The viscosity coefficient of the liquid is determined by the properties of the liquid itself, and reflects the index of the viscous resistance of the liquid. Different liquids have different viscosity coefficients, which are temperature dependent and decrease significantly with increasing temperature. The commonly used method for measuring the viscosity coefficient of the liquid comprises the following steps: falling ball method, capillary method, drum method, etc. The invention measures the viscosity coefficients of different liquids by using the simple pendulum time of the small ball on the liquid surface to research and measure the viscosity coefficients of unknown fluids, and has important significance and effect in actual production and life.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a device and a method for measuring the viscosity coefficient of liquid based on a simple pendulum, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, can realize that the viscosity coefficient of the liquid does not need to be known, can be tested by moving the device and the method no matter whether the liquid is transparent or not, can be tested again without using a large amount of liquid in the testing process, and have wider measurement range of the viscosity coefficient and high measurement precision.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a liquid viscosity coefficient measuring device based on a simple pendulum, which comprises a workbench, wherein a lifting part is arranged in the workbench, a liquid storage tank is arranged at the top end of the lifting part, an angle adjusting part is fixedly connected to the top end of the workbench through a support plate, a pendulum ball is rotatably connected to the angle adjusting part, and the pendulum ball is arranged corresponding to the liquid storage tank;

the angle adjusting part comprises a fixed shaft fixedly connected with the support plate, a rotating rod is fixedly connected to one end, far away from the support plate, of the fixed shaft, the rotating rod is in sliding contact with the swing ball through a cycloid, a first adjusting plate is rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed shaft through a rotating part, a second adjusting plate is fixedly connected to the first adjusting plate through a connecting plate, the connecting plate is located above the rotating rod, and the swing ball is located between the first adjusting plate and the second adjusting plate;

the first adjusting plate with be provided with the mounting that is used for fixed pendulum ball between the second adjusting plate, the mounting with first adjusting plate with the second adjusting plate rotates to be connected.

Preferably, the cavity has been seted up in the workstation, the lift portion is including setting up first regulating block and second regulating block in the cavity, first regulating block with workstation bottom sliding connection, the second regulating block with the workstation rigid coupling, first regulating block top articulates there is first connecting rod, second regulating block top articulates there is the second connecting rod, first connecting rod with the second connecting rod rotates through the pivot to be connected, first connecting rod end with the terminal articulated lifter plate that has of second connecting rod, the lifter plate top with the liquid reserve tank bottom butt.

Preferably, be provided with compression spring in the cavity, compression spring is located first regulating block is kept away from one side of second regulating block, the compression spring both ends respectively with first regulating block with workstation lateral wall rigid coupling, it is connected with the catch bar to rotate on the first regulating block, the adjustment tank has been seted up to the workstation lateral wall, the catch bar passes through the adjustment tank stretches out the workstation, the rigid coupling has the handle on the catch bar, be provided with on the catch bar and be used for the locking piece of first regulating block.

Preferably, a through hole has been seted up on the first regulating plate, the fixed axle passes the through hole, rotate the piece including setting up an adjusting cylinder in the through hole, adjust a section of thick bamboo with first regulating plate rigid coupling, the rigid coupling has a plurality of regulation teeth on adjusting a section of thick bamboo, the rigid coupling has the shell fragment on the fixed axle, the shell fragment is located between two arbitrary adjacent regulation teeth, just the shell fragment with adjust the tooth butt.

Preferably, first regulating plate with the second regulating plate top is all seted up flutedly, the mounting is including setting up respectively two quarter butt in the recess, two be provided with the horizontal ball between the quarter butt, the horizontal ball is close to one side rigid coupling of pendulum ball has the electro-magnet, the electro-magnet charges and adsorbs pendulum ball, the electro-magnet outage does not adsorb pendulum ball, first regulating plate bottom rigid coupling has the power pack, the power pack with electro-magnet electric connection.

Preferably, the fixed axle is provided with angle scale marks, the angle scale marks are located first regulating plate with between the extension board, the rigid coupling has the pointer on the first regulating plate, the pointer with the angle scale marks correspond the setting, be provided with the height scale marks on the pendulum ball.

Preferably, a displacement sensor is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft, and the displacement sensor and the pendulum ball are arranged correspondingly.

Preferably, the workbench is provided with a limiting groove, the outer side wall of the liquid storage tank is fixedly connected with a limiting plate, and the limiting plate is matched with the limiting groove.

The use method of the liquid viscosity coefficient measuring device based on the simple pendulum comprises the following operation steps:

a. adjusting the height of the liquid storage tank: naturally drooping the pendulum ball, and adjusting the liquid storage tank to enable the pendulum ball to be in contact with the liquid to be measured;

b. adjusting the release angle: after the step a is finished, rotating the angle adjusting part to the angle to be measured;

c. fixing a pendulum ball: after the step b is finished, starting the fixing piece to fix the pendulum ball;

d. releasing the pendulum ball: after the step c is finished, releasing the pendulum ball and recording the motion stopping time of the pendulum ball;

e. obtaining a fitting curve: and (d) after the steps a-d are finished, replacing the liquid, restarting the steps a-d, recording the stopping time of the pendulum ball, and then obtaining a fitting curve through calculation.

Preferably, in step e, the volume of the replacement liquid is the same, and the contact area of the pendulum ball and the liquid is the same.

The invention discloses the following technical effects:

1. the device and the method do not need to know the viscosity coefficient of the liquid, meanwhile, the device and the method can be moved for testing whether the liquid is transparent or not, a large amount of liquid is not needed in the testing process, the testing can be carried out again, and the measuring range of the viscosity coefficient is wider.

2. Through setting up lift portion for the height of liquid reserve tank can be adjusted, and its accommodation process is simple, can not make the liquid reserve tank take place the skew at the in-process of adjusting the liquid reserve tank, and then makes the liquid in the liquid reserve tank and the position of pendulum ball not take place the skew, with the accuracy nature that improves the experiment.

3. Through setting up angle regulation portion, utilize angle regulation portion adjustment pendulum ball's initial release position, angle regulation portion can carry out the regulation of each angle according to the actual need of pendulum ball, and it adjusts conveniently, and adjusts the precision height.

4. Through setting up the mounting, compare for artifical manual release with current pendulum ball, the mounting can be fine fixes pendulum ball, and can not provide extra effort, the accuracy nature of the experiment of further improvement for pendulum ball when the release.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a simple pendulum-based liquid viscosity coefficient measuring device in an initial state;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an adjustment state of the angle adjusting part;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the pendulum ball in a released state;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the rotating member;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the fastener;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the elevator portion;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the elevating part;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the locking member;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the pendulum ball;

FIG. 10 is a graph of viscosity versus time;

wherein, 1-workbench, 2-liquid storage box, 3-pendulum ball, 4-fixed shaft, 5-rotating rod, 6-cycloid, 7-first adjusting plate, 8-connecting plate, 9-second adjusting plate, 10-cavity, 11-first adjusting block, 12-second adjusting block, 13-first connecting rod, 14-second connecting rod, 15-rotating shaft, 16-lifting plate, 17-compression spring, 18-pushing rod, 19-adjusting groove, 20-handle, 21-adjusting barrel, 22-adjusting tooth, 23-spring plate, 24-groove, 25-short rod, 26-horizontal ball, 27-electromagnet, 28-power box, 29-angle scale line, 30-indicating needle, 31-height scale line, 32-displacement sensor, 33-a limiting groove, 34-a limiting plate, 35-a notch, 36-a heating rod, 37-a locking tooth, 38-an engagement plate, 39-an engagement tooth and 40-a support plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

The invention provides a liquid viscosity coefficient measuring device based on a simple pendulum, which comprises a workbench 1, wherein a lifting part is arranged in the workbench 1, a liquid storage tank 2 is arranged at the top end of the lifting part, an angle adjusting part is fixedly connected to the top end of the workbench 1 through a support plate 40, a pendulum ball 3 is rotatably connected to the angle adjusting part, and the pendulum ball 3 is arranged corresponding to the liquid storage tank 2; the angle adjusting part comprises a fixed shaft 4 fixedly connected with a support plate 40, one end of the fixed shaft 4, far away from the support plate 40, is fixedly connected with a rotating rod 5, the rotating rod 5 is in sliding contact with a swing ball 3 through a cycloid 6, the side wall of the fixed shaft 4 is rotatably connected with a first adjusting plate 7 through a rotating part, the first adjusting plate 7 is fixedly connected with a second adjusting plate 9 through a connecting plate 8, the connecting plate 8 is positioned above the rotating rod 5, and the swing ball 3 is positioned between the first adjusting plate 7 and the second adjusting plate 9; a fixing part for fixing the swinging ball 3 is arranged between the first adjusting plate 7 and the second adjusting plate 9, and the fixing part is rotatably connected with the first adjusting plate 7 and the second adjusting plate 9.

During the liquid viscosity coefficient measurement experiment, the pendulum ball 3 naturally droops to straighten a cycloid 6, the height of the liquid storage box 2 is adjusted through adjusting the lifting part, so that the liquid to be measured in the liquid storage box 2 is contacted with the pendulum ball 3, then the angle adjusting part is adjusted, the angle adjusting part can rotate between 0 degrees and 90 degrees, so that the fixing part rotates along with the angle adjusting part, after the adjustment is finished according to the experiment requirement, the pendulum ball 3 is fixed on the fixing part after the fixing part is started, then the pendulum ball 3 is released, the time from the beginning of swinging to the rest of the pendulum ball 3 is recorded, after the measurement is finished, the liquid to be measured is replaced, the swinging time of the pendulum ball 3 in the liquid with different viscosity coefficients is measured, the swinging time is different due to different friction forces borne by the pendulum ball 3, the relation between the viscosity coefficient eta and the time t is obtained, and then a plurality of groups of data are obtained through fitting, the curve of the relation between the viscosity coefficient and the time can be obtained, and the method can be applied to data processing in the later period.

The rotating rod 5 needs to be coaxial with the fixed shaft 4, so that the fixing piece can well fix the pendulum ball 3.

The first adjusting plate 7 and the second adjusting plate 9 are both provided with notches 35. The part that first regulating plate 7 and second regulating plate 9 are used for placing pendulum ball 3 shortens for the gap 35 makes can be comparatively convenient fix pendulum ball 3 on the mounting.

The mounting can be provided with two, is located the both ends of first regulating plate 7 and second regulating plate 9 respectively, can be according to the experiment needs, selects to fix on arbitrary mounting pendulum ball 3.

Further optimize the scheme, cavity 10 has been seted up in workstation 1, the lift portion is including setting up first regulating block 11 and the second regulating block 12 in cavity 10, first regulating block 11 and 1 bottom sliding connection of workstation, second regulating block 12 and 1 rigid coupling of workstation, 11 top hinges on first regulating block have first connecting rod 13, 12 top hinges on second regulating block have second connecting rod 14, first connecting rod 13 rotates through pivot 15 with second connecting rod 14 to be connected, 13 end of first connecting rod and the terminal articulated lifter plate 16 that has of second connecting rod 14, 16 tops of lifter plate and 2 bottom butts of liquid reserve tank. Through the position of adjusting first regulating block 11 for the position of first connecting rod 13 changes, and because first connecting rod 13 rotates through pivot 15 and second connecting rod 14 and is connected, consequently the motion of first connecting rod 13 drives the motion of second connecting rod 14, and first connecting rod 13 and the cooperation of second connecting rod 14 make lifter plate 16 reciprocate in cavity 10, and then make liquid reserve tank 2 realize reciprocating.

A heating rod 36 is provided in the lifting plate 16. The heating rod 36 is used for heating the liquid to be measured, and the temperature of the liquid to be measured can be changed through the heating rod 36 because the viscosity coefficient of the liquid changes along with the change of the temperature. Whether the heating rod 36 is used or not can be determined by actual experiments, and when not used, the heating rod 36 only needs to be turned off.

Further optimize the scheme, be provided with compression spring 17 in the cavity 10, compression spring 17 is located one side that second regulating block 12 was kept away from to first regulating block 11, compression spring 17 both ends respectively with first regulating block 11 and 1 lateral wall rigid coupling of workstation, it is connected with catch bar 18 to rotate on the first regulating block 11, adjustment tank 19 has been seted up to 1 lateral wall of workstation, catch bar 18 stretches out workstation 1 through adjustment tank 19, the rigid coupling has handle 20 on the catch bar 18, be provided with the locking piece that is used for locking first regulating block 11 on the catch bar 18. Through removing handle 20 for the catch bar 18 drives the position of first regulating block 11 and changes, with the height of adjusting liquid reserve tank 2, compression spring 17's effect is the regulation of lifter plate 16 of being convenient for, and it is clear and definite to need, when liquid reserve tank 2 placed on lifter plate 16, compression spring 17 was compressed, when liquid reserve tank 2 was taken out to needs, under compression spring 17's effect, liquid reserve tank 2 can be comparatively laborsaving taken out, so that the experimenter operates.

The pushing rod 18 should penetrate through the first adjusting block 11 and be rotatably connected with the first adjusting block 11, so that the pushing rod 18 can drive the first adjusting block 11 to normally move and lock the first adjusting block 11.

The locking piece comprises a locking tooth 37 fixedly connected on the push rod 18, a bite plate 38 is arranged in the cavity 10, the bite plate 38 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the workbench 1, a plurality of bite teeth 39 are fixedly connected to the top end of the bite plate 38, and one side, far away from the compression spring 17, of the locking tooth 37 is abutted to the bite teeth 39. After the liquid storage box 2 is placed in, the compression spring 17 is compressed, the position of the first adjusting block 11 is adjusted through the pushing rod 18, the compression spring 17 is further compressed, at the moment, the locking teeth 37 and the snap plate 38 are in a parallel state, the locking teeth 37 are not in contact with the snap teeth 39, after the position of the first adjusting block 11 is adjusted, the compression spring 17 can generate a pushing force, the pushing rod 18 is rotated, the locking teeth 37 are abutted to the snap teeth 39, under the action of the compression spring 17, the locking teeth 37 are pressed on the snap teeth 39, the locking teeth 37 cannot displace, locking of the first adjusting block 11 is achieved, after an experiment is finished, the pushing rod 18 is rotated, and the locking teeth 37 and the snap plate 38 are parallel to adjust the position of the first adjusting block 11 again.

Further optimize the scheme, seted up the through-hole on the first regulating plate 7, fixed axle 4 passes the through-hole, rotates the piece including setting up an adjusting cylinder 21 in the through-hole, adjusts a cylinder 21 and first regulating plate 7 rigid coupling, and the rigid coupling has a plurality of regulation teeth 22 on adjusting cylinder 21, and the rigid coupling has shell fragment 23 on the fixed axle 4, and shell fragment 23 is located between arbitrary two adjacent regulation teeth 22, and shell fragment 23 and regulation tooth 22 butt. When rotating first regulating plate 7, under the effect of external force, adjust tooth 22 oppression shell fragment 23 for shell fragment 23 takes place to deform, and then makes a regulation section of thick bamboo 21 can rotate on fixed axle 4, and after the rotation finishes, and external force disappears, makes shell fragment 23 reply, and locks a regulation section of thick bamboo 21 through adjusting tooth 22, its easy operation, and the practicality is strong. And the number of teeth of adjusting tooth 22 sets up according to the in-service use condition, takes place deformation promptly when shell fragment 23, adjusts a section of thick bamboo 21 and rotates certain angle, and the purpose is the experimenter of being convenient for operation to and the accuracy nature of improvement experiment.

Further optimize the scheme, recess 24 has all been seted up on first regulating plate 7 and second regulating plate 9 top, and the mounting is including setting up the quarter butt 25 in two recesses 24 respectively, is provided with horizontal ball 26 between two quarter butts 25, and horizontal ball 26 is close to one side rigid coupling of pendulum ball 3 has electro-magnet 27, and electro-magnet 27 charges and adsorbs pendulum ball 3, and electro-magnet 27 cuts off the power supply and does not adsorb pendulum ball 3, and the bottom rigid coupling of first regulating plate 7 has power pack 28, power pack 28 and electro-magnet 27 electric connection. Electromagnet 27 adsorbs pendulum ball 3 after the circular telegram, and for the handheld release of current manual work, the adsorbed mode of electromagnet 27 can improve pendulum ball 3's release precision, reduces experimenter's labour cost simultaneously, further improves the accuracy nature of experiment. The manner in which electromagnet 27 is energized is well known in the art and will not be described in any greater detail herein.

And because first regulating plate 7 and second regulating plate 9 can take place to rotate, if the angle of electro-magnet 27 changes, can influence the normal release of pendulum ball 3, consequently be provided with horizontal ball 26, under the effect of two short poles 25, even first regulating plate 7 and second regulating plate 9's position changes, horizontal ball 26 remains vertical state all the time for electro-magnet 27 connected with horizontal ball 26 also keeps the horizontality, effectively releases pendulum ball 3. Wherein, the rigid coupling has two stoppers on arbitrary quarter butt 25, and two stoppers are located first regulating plate 7 or second regulating plate 9 both sides respectively to carry on spacingly to quarter butt 25, avoid quarter butt 25 to take place the skew.

According to the further optimized scheme, the angle scale lines 29 are arranged on the fixed shaft 4, the angle scale lines 29 are located between the first adjusting plate 7 and the support plate 40, the indicating needle 30 is fixedly connected to the first adjusting plate 7, the indicating needle 30 is arranged corresponding to the angle scale lines 29, and the height scale lines 31 are arranged on the pendulum ball 3. The effect of angle scale mark 29 is the turned angle who makes clear of first regulating plate 7, and the release angle of the experimental personnel quick adjustment pendulum ball 3 of being convenient for, and has improved the accuracy, and pointer 30, angle scale mark 29 preferably select for use bright material or material of colour to the observation of experimental personnel of being convenient for. In the same way, because the experiment needs to be changed different kinds of liquid, in order to guarantee that pendulum ball 3 contact area is unanimous in the liquid that awaits measuring of different kinds, consequently set up height scale mark 31, the experimenter of being convenient for operates to and improve the experiment precision.

According to a further optimized scheme, the fixed shaft 4 is fixedly connected with a displacement sensor 32, and the displacement sensor 32 is arranged corresponding to the pendulum ball 3. This device need measure the swing time of pendulum ball 3 in different liquid, because there is the error in artificial measurement time, consequently detects pendulum ball 3 through setting up displacement sensor 32, when displacement sensor 32 detected the position of pendulum ball 3 and no longer changed, the record this time, and displacement sensor 32 electric connection has the computer (not shown in the figure) to collect data. And the detecting means of the present invention is not limited to the displacement sensor 32 as long as means for measuring the movement of the pendulum ball 3 is implemented.

Further optimize the scheme, seted up spacing groove 33 on the workstation 1, the lateral wall rigid coupling of liquid reserve tank 2 has limiting plate 34, limiting plate 34 and spacing groove 33 looks adaptation. Spacing groove 33 and the cooperation of limiting plate 34 for liquid reserve tank 2 does not change for the position of pendulum ball 3, carries out the in-process of experiment at the different liquid of multiunit, and the experimenter of being convenient for on the one hand operates, and on the other hand has improved the accuracy nature of experiment.

The use method of the liquid viscosity coefficient measuring device based on the simple pendulum comprises the following operation steps:

a. adjusting the height of the liquid storage tank 2: the pendulum ball 3 naturally droops, and the liquid storage tank 2 is adjusted to enable the pendulum ball 3 to be in contact with the liquid to be measured. During initial state, pendulum ball 3 is flagging naturally under the effect of gravity, places the liquid reserve tank 2 that contains the liquid that awaits measuring on lifter plate 16, adjusts catch bar 18, and then adjusts lifter plate 16 for liquid reserve tank 2 is in suitable position, rotates catch bar 18 afterwards, locks lifter plate 16.

b. Adjusting the release angle: and c, after the step a is finished, rotating the angle adjusting part to the angle to be measured. Handheld first regulating plate 7 that rotates, second regulating plate 9 rotates along with first regulating plate 7 under the effect of even board 8, adjusts tooth 22 oppression shell fragment 23 for shell fragment 23 takes place deformation, and after first regulating plate 7 angle modulation finished, shell fragment 23 replied, locks first regulating plate 7. In the process, the gravity center of the horizontal ball 26 is always vertically downward under the action of the short rod 25, so that the electromagnet 27 is always vertical.

c. Fixing the pendulum ball 3: and c, after the step b is finished, starting the fixing piece to fix the pendulum ball 3. The power supply box 28 is started to electrify the electromagnet 27 to generate magnetic force, so that the pendulum ball 3 is fixed.

d. Releasing the pendulum ball 3: and c, releasing the pendulum ball 3 and recording the stop motion time of the pendulum ball 3 after the step c is completed. And powering off the electromagnet 27, so that the pendulum ball 3 swings freely, detecting the movement of the pendulum ball 3 through the displacement sensor 32, and recording the time after the displacement sensor 32 detects that the pendulum ball 3 does not move any more.

e. Obtaining a fitting curve: and (d) after the steps a-d are finished, replacing the liquid, restarting the steps a-d, recording the stop motion time of the pendulum ball 3, and then obtaining a fitting curve through calculation. The fitting curve can be calculated by measuring the stop motion time of the pendulum ball 3 in different liquids after data is obtained, the calculation of the fitting curve can be carried out according to the existing calculation, for example, the calculation can be realized by utilizing office software such as word and the like, and the operation is simple and convenient.

In the step e, the volume of the replaced liquid is the same, and the contact area of the pendulum ball 3 and the liquid is the same. In order to improve the accuracy of the experiment, it is therefore necessary to ensure that the volume of the replacement liquid is the same, and the area of the pendulum ball 3 located in the liquid is also the same.

Example (b):

the swing angle of the first regulating plate 7 is regulated to 5 ° (a specific angle can be regulated between 90 ° and 0 °). The time from the beginning of the swing to the standstill of the pendulum ball 3 is recorded. When the swing time of the swing ball 3 in the liquid with different viscosity coefficients is measured, the relative position of the swing ball 3 and the liquid level is kept unchanged. Because the friction force applied to the pendulum ball 3 is different, the swinging time is different, and the relation between the viscosity coefficient eta of the ethanol solution and the time t is measured by taking ethanol solutions with different concentrations as experiments.

2 data recording and processing

2.1 data recording

And measuring the swing time of the swing ball 3 in the ethanol solutions with different concentrations for multiple times, and averaging.

The viscosity coefficients of the ethanol solutions with different concentrations at 22 ℃ are related to the swing time, as shown in table 1:

TABLE 122 relationship between viscosity coefficients of ethanol solutions of different concentrations and simple pendulum time

Concentration of	0％	5％	10％	15％	20％	25％	30％	35％	40％
										η/(1×10-3pa.s)	0.9579	1.186	1.256	1.459	1.668	1.911	2.146	2.216	2.359
t/s	41.74	39.83	38.11	36.24	34.41	32.78	29.98	29.12	27.56

2.2 data processing

Fitting the data of Table 1, the correlation between the viscosity coefficient and the time can be obtainedThe curve of the system is shown in FIG. 10. The curve equation is that eta is 0.0002t²0.1164t +5.4169, the swing time of the pendulum ball 3 in 45% strength ethanol solution is 26.56s, which is taken into the function y. May equal 2.485193(1 × 10)^-4p_aS), the viscosity coefficient of the ethanol solution with the concentration of 45 percent at 22 ℃ is 2.5192(1 multiplied by 10) by consulting the data^-4p_aS). The relative error is 1.35%.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.