阅读说明：本技术 一种花盆自动分离装置及其花盆分离方法 (Flowerpot automatic separation device and flowerpot separation method thereof ) 是由 程迪 孙白杨 赵雄 吴磊 徐港吉 曹功豪 于 2021-06-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种花盆自动分离装置及其花盆分离方法。本发明的花盆定位机构包括底座、转盘、锁紧螺钉、轴瓦、滑动杆、限位柱和连接块；花盆止动机构包括线性模组、滑动板、止动固定板、凸轮推杆机构、步进电机和连接板；花盆抓取机构包括Z向气缸、夹持臂机架、夹持臂、真空吸盘、支撑板、弹簧柱和弹簧二；花盆限位机构包括限位固定板、限位杆和螺栓。本发明能适应不同直径的堆叠花盆分离,也适应于没有明显间隙的堆叠花盆分离,将花盆放在运动的传送带上,可以防止花盆后翻；花盆限位机构使得花盆在传送带上沿着限位杆直线输送,花盆调距机构在花盆沿限位杆输送时,调整相邻两个花盆之间的距离。(The invention discloses an automatic flowerpot separating device and a flowerpot separating method thereof. The flowerpot positioning mechanism comprises a base, a rotary table, a locking screw, a bearing bush, a sliding rod, a limiting column and a connecting block; the flowerpot stopping mechanism comprises a linear module, a sliding plate, a stopping fixed plate, a cam push rod mechanism, a stepping motor and a connecting plate; the flowerpot grabbing mechanism comprises a Z-direction cylinder, a clamping arm rack, a clamping arm, a vacuum chuck, a supporting plate, a spring column and a spring II; the flowerpot limiting mechanism comprises a limiting fixing plate, a limiting rod and a bolt. The invention can be suitable for the separation of stacked flowerpots with different diameters and the separation of stacked flowerpots without obvious gaps, and the flowerpots are placed on a moving conveyor belt, so that the flowerpots can be prevented from turning backwards; the flowerpot limiting mechanism enables the flowerpot to be conveyed on the conveyor belt along the limiting rod in a straight line mode, and the distance between every two adjacent flowerpots is adjusted when the flowerpot is conveyed along the limiting rod through the flowerpot distance adjusting mechanism.)

1. The utility model provides a flowerpot autosegregation device, includes flowerpot positioning mechanism, flowerpot stop gear, flowerpot snatchs mechanism and flowerpot conveying mechanism, its characterized in that: the flowerpot stopping mechanism and the flowerpot grabbing mechanism are arranged on two sides of the flowerpot positioning mechanism; the input end of the flowerpot conveying mechanism is positioned below the flowerpot grabbing mechanism; two flowerpot limiting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the flowerpot conveying mechanism;

the flowerpot positioning mechanism comprises a base, a rotary table, a locking screw, a bearing bush, a sliding rod, a limiting column and a connecting block; the base is fixed on the basin separating workbench; the hollow rotary table is arranged in an arc groove formed in the top of the base; the outer ring of the turntable is in transition fit with the inner ring of the bearing bush, and the outer ring of the bearing bush and the outer side wall of the arc groove of the base form a friction pair; the base is provided with n radial grooves, the turntable is provided with n arc-shaped grooves, and n is more than or equal to 3; the number of the sliding rods is n, and each sliding rod respectively penetrates through one corresponding radial groove and one corresponding arc-shaped groove; the top end of the sliding rod is provided with an integrally formed limiting block, and the bottom surface of the limiting block is limited by the top surface of the turntable; the bottom end of each sliding rod is fixed with the outer end of one connecting block; a limiting column is fixed at the inner end of each connecting block, and all the limiting columns vertically penetrate through the central hole of the base; the turntable is also provided with a first vertical threaded hole, and the locking screw is connected with the first vertical threaded hole;

the flowerpot stopping mechanism comprises a linear module, a sliding plate, a stopping fixed plate, a cam push rod mechanism, a stepping motor and a connecting plate; the linear module is vertically arranged and fixed on the basin separating workbench; the sliding plate is driven to lift by the linear module; the two stop fixing plates are connected with a horizontal sliding chute arranged on the sliding plate through bolts and nuts; two cam push rod mechanisms are arranged; the cam push rod mechanism comprises a stop plate, a disc-shaped cam, a roller push rod, a first spring and a cam rack; the disc-shaped cam and the cam frame form a rotating pair; the roller push rod and the cam rack form a sliding pair and are connected with the cam rack through a spring I; one end of the roller push rod is hinged with a roller, and the other end of the roller push rod is fixed with a stop plate; the roller and the disc-shaped cam form a cam pair; the inner side surface of the stop plate is an arc-shaped groove; the cam frames of the two cam push rod mechanisms are respectively fixed on a corresponding stop fixing plate through a connecting plate; the inner side surfaces of the stop plates of the two cam push rod mechanisms are opposite; the disc cams of the two cam push rod mechanisms are respectively driven by a stepping motor;

the flowerpot grabbing mechanism comprises a Z-direction cylinder, a clamping arm rack, a clamping arm, a vacuum chuck, a supporting plate, a spring column and a spring II; the cylinder body of the Z-direction cylinder is fixed on the basin separating workbench, and the clamping arm rack is fixed with the push rod of the Z-direction cylinder; the two sides of the clamping arm frame are respectively hinged with the middle parts of the two clamping arms; two spring columns fixed on two sides of the clamping arm rack are sleeved with a second spring; the two springs II and the two clamping arms are respectively fixed; the clamping arm is arranged in a hollow mode, a vacuum chuck is fixed at the head of the clamping arm, and the tail of the clamping arm is connected with a vacuum generating device; the supporting plate is fixed on the bottom surface of the clamping arm rack, and a slope is arranged at one end, facing the flowerpot positioning mechanism, of the supporting plate; the end face of one end of the supporting plate facing the flowerpot positioning mechanism is aligned with the central axis of the central hole of the base in the flowerpot positioning mechanism;

the flowerpot limiting mechanism comprises a limiting fixing plate, a limiting rod and a bolt; the two limiting fixing plates are fixed on a conveying frame of the flowerpot conveying mechanism at intervals along the conveying direction of the flowerpot conveying mechanism; the limiting fixing plate is provided with a horizontal through hole and a vertical threaded hole II, and the bottom end of the vertical threaded hole II is communicated with the hole wall of the horizontal through hole; two extension rods which are integrally formed at the two ends of the limiting rod are embedded into the horizontal hole through holes of the two limiting fixing plates; the two bolts are respectively connected with two vertical threaded holes of the two limiting fixing plates, two extension rods of the limiting rods are pressed tightly, and handles are fixed at the heads of the two bolts; the limiting rods of the two flowerpot limiting mechanisms are opposite to each other and are arranged at intervals.

2. An automatic flowerpot separating device according to claim 1, wherein: the flowerpot conveying mechanism comprises a conveying belt, a carrier roller and a conveying frame; the two carrier rollers are arranged at intervals and are hinged with the conveying frame; the conveying belt is connected with the two carrier rollers; the input end of conveyer belt is located the flowerpot and snatchs the mechanism below.

3. An automatic flowerpot separating device according to claim 1, wherein: a flowerpot distance adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the input end of the flowerpot conveying mechanism; the flowerpot distance adjusting mechanism comprises a Y-direction cylinder and a distance adjusting rod; the cylinder body of the Y-direction cylinder is fixed on a conveying frame of the flowerpot conveying mechanism through an L-shaped fixing plate; the distance adjusting rod is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the flowerpot conveying mechanism and is fixed with the push rod of the Y-direction cylinder.

4. An automatic flowerpot separating device according to claim 3, wherein: the distance adjusting rod is provided with an arc-shaped rod section.

5. A pot separating method of an automatic pot separating device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the method comprises the following specific steps:

step one, loosening a locking screw, manually rotating a turntable, and driving all limiting columns to separate through each connecting block; then, the stacked flower pots are placed into limiting cavities formed among all the limiting columns, and the bottoms of the stacked flower pots are supported by supporting plates of the flower pot grabbing mechanisms; then, manually rotating the rotary table, driving all the limiting columns to be folded through all the connecting blocks, and aligning the axes of the flowerpots with the axis of the rotary table to complete the positioning of the stacked flowerpots; finally, the locking screw is screwed down;

loosening nuts on the sliding plate, and adjusting the positions of the two stop fixing plates in a horizontal sliding groove of the sliding plate according to the diameter of the flowerpot so as to adjust the initial distance between the two stop plates; then, the nut on the sliding plate is screwed down, so that the two stop fixing plates are fixed; then, loosening the bolts on the limiting fixing plates through the handles of the two flowerpot limiting mechanisms, adjusting the spacing between the limiting rods of the two flowerpot limiting mechanisms according to the diameters of the flowerpots, and then screwing the bolts on the limiting fixing plates through the handles;

step three, the linear module drives the stop plate to ascend to be aligned with the lower edge of the turned edge of the penultimate flowerpot; then, the two stepping motors synchronously drive the disc-shaped cams of the two cam push rod mechanisms to rotate, so that the roller push rods of the two cam push rod mechanisms drive the stop plate to extend out and be embedded into a gap between the two bottommost flowerpots or extrude turned edges of the bottommost flowerpots, and the upper end surfaces of the stop plate support the other flowerpots except the bottommost flowerpots;

step four, starting the vacuum generating device, enabling the two clamping arms to be folded inwards, enabling the vacuum sucker to be adsorbed on the surface of the bottom flowerpot, and realizing grabbing of the bottom flowerpot; then, the Z-direction cylinder drives the clamping arm rack and the supporting plate to descend until the supporting plate is attached to the flowerpot conveying mechanism, meanwhile, the linear module drives the stop plate to descend and reset, and the rest flowerpots descend along with the stop plate;

step five, closing the vacuum generating device, loosening the flowerpot by the two clamping arms under the action of the spring II, wherein the supporting plate is provided with a slope and only supports one half of the flowerpot, so that the flowerpot inclines forwards, and after the other half of the flowerpot contacts the flowerpot conveying mechanism, the flowerpot is conveyed forwards to be separated from the supporting plate and is output along the limiting rods of the two flowerpot limiting mechanisms on the flowerpot conveying mechanism;

sixthly, driving the clamping arm rack and the supporting plate to ascend and reset by the Z-direction cylinder, and supporting the rest of flowerpots by the supporting plate; then, the two stepping motors synchronously drive the disc cams of the two cam push rod mechanisms to rotate, so that the stop plates of the two cam push rod mechanisms retract under the action of the spring;

and seventhly, repeating the third step to the sixth step, and sequentially separating all flowerpots from bottom to top.

6. A pot separating method of the automatic pot separating device according to claim 5, wherein: the distance adjusting rod of the flowerpot distance adjusting mechanism is in an extending state initially, and the Y-direction cylinder drives the distance adjusting rod to do retraction and extension periodic motion; when the distance adjusting rod is in an extending state, the arc-shaped rod section is contacted with the flowerpot to limit the forward conveying of the flowerpot, so that the distance between the limited flowerpot and the previous flowerpot is adjusted; when the distance adjusting rod is in a retraction state, the limited flowerpot continues to move forwards.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to an automatic flowerpot separating device and a flowerpot separating method thereof.

Background

The flowerpot separation is the first step on the flower seedling production line, and the stacked flowerpots are separated and conveyed one by one, so that the subsequent processes of matrix filling, matrix hole punching, flower seedling culture and the like can be smoothly carried out. At present, the domestic flower seedling raising operation is mostly finished manually, and for flowerpots with compact stacking states, the traditional manual pot dividing means is easily influenced by manual factors such as high labor intensity, operation fatigue and the like, the longer the working time is, the more the production line procedures are, and the lower the efficiency is. Therefore, the automatic flowerpot separating device is designed to solve the problem to be solved urgently on the flower seedling production line.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an automatic flowerpot separating device and a flowerpot separating method thereof, aiming at the defects of the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the invention relates to an automatic flowerpot separating device which comprises a flowerpot positioning mechanism, a flowerpot stopping mechanism, a flowerpot grabbing mechanism and a flowerpot conveying mechanism, wherein the flowerpot positioning mechanism is arranged on the flowerpot stopping mechanism; the flowerpot stopping mechanism and the flowerpot grabbing mechanism are arranged on two sides of the flowerpot positioning mechanism; the input end of the flowerpot conveying mechanism is positioned below the flowerpot grabbing mechanism; two flowerpot limiting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the flowerpot conveying mechanism.

The flowerpot positioning mechanism comprises a base, a rotary table, a locking screw, a bearing bush, a sliding rod, a limiting column and a connecting block; the base is fixed on the basin separating workbench; the hollow rotary table is arranged in an arc groove formed in the top of the base; the outer ring of the turntable is in transition fit with the inner ring of the bearing bush, and the outer ring of the bearing bush and the outer side wall of the arc groove of the base form a friction pair; the base is provided with n radial grooves, the turntable is provided with n arc-shaped grooves, and n is more than or equal to 3; the number of the sliding rods is n, and each sliding rod respectively penetrates through one corresponding radial groove and one corresponding arc-shaped groove; the top end of the sliding rod is provided with an integrally formed limiting block, and the bottom surface of the limiting block is limited by the top surface of the turntable; the bottom end of each sliding rod is fixed with the outer end of one connecting block; a limiting column is fixed at the inner end of each connecting block, and all the limiting columns vertically penetrate through the central hole of the base; the turntable is further provided with a first vertical threaded hole, and the locking screw is connected with the first vertical threaded hole.

The flowerpot stopping mechanism comprises a linear module, a sliding plate, a stopping fixed plate, a cam push rod mechanism, a stepping motor and a connecting plate; the linear module is vertically arranged and fixed on the basin separating workbench; the sliding plate is driven to lift by the linear module; the two stop fixing plates are connected with a horizontal sliding chute arranged on the sliding plate through bolts and nuts; two cam push rod mechanisms are arranged; the cam push rod mechanism comprises a stop plate, a disc-shaped cam, a roller push rod, a first spring and a cam rack; the disc-shaped cam and the cam frame form a rotating pair; the roller push rod and the cam rack form a sliding pair and are connected with the cam rack through a spring I; one end of the roller push rod is hinged with a roller, and the other end of the roller push rod is fixed with a stop plate; the roller and the disc-shaped cam form a cam pair; the inner side surface of the stop plate is an arc-shaped groove; the cam frames of the two cam push rod mechanisms are respectively fixed on a corresponding stop fixing plate through a connecting plate; the inner side surfaces of the stop plates of the two cam push rod mechanisms are opposite; the disk cams of the two cam-pusher mechanisms are respectively driven by a stepping motor.

The flowerpot grabbing mechanism comprises a Z-direction cylinder, a clamping arm rack, a clamping arm, a vacuum chuck, a supporting plate, a spring column and a spring II; the cylinder body of the Z-direction cylinder is fixed on the basin separating workbench, and the clamping arm rack is fixed with the push rod of the Z-direction cylinder; the two sides of the clamping arm frame are respectively hinged with the middle parts of the two clamping arms; two spring columns fixed on two sides of the clamping arm rack are sleeved with a second spring; the two springs II and the two clamping arms are respectively fixed; the clamping arm is arranged in a hollow mode, a vacuum chuck is fixed at the head of the clamping arm, and the tail of the clamping arm is connected with a vacuum generating device; the supporting plate is fixed on the bottom surface of the clamping arm rack, and a slope is arranged at one end, facing the flowerpot positioning mechanism, of the supporting plate; the end face of one end of the support plate, which faces the flowerpot positioning mechanism, is aligned with the central axis of the central hole of the base in the flowerpot positioning mechanism.

The flowerpot limiting mechanism comprises a limiting fixing plate, a limiting rod and a bolt; the two limiting fixing plates are fixed on a conveying frame of the flowerpot conveying mechanism at intervals along the conveying direction of the flowerpot conveying mechanism; the limiting fixing plate is provided with a horizontal through hole and a vertical threaded hole II, and the bottom end of the vertical threaded hole II is communicated with the hole wall of the horizontal through hole; two extension rods which are integrally formed at the two ends of the limiting rod are embedded into the horizontal hole through holes of the two limiting fixing plates; the two bolts are respectively connected with two vertical threaded holes of the two limiting fixing plates, two extension rods of the limiting rods are pressed tightly, and handles are fixed at the heads of the two bolts; the limiting rods of the two flowerpot limiting mechanisms are opposite to each other and are arranged at intervals.

Preferably, the flowerpot conveying mechanism comprises a conveying belt, a carrier roller and a conveying frame; the two carrier rollers are arranged at intervals and are hinged with the conveying frame; the conveying belt is connected with the two carrier rollers; the input end of conveyer belt is located the flowerpot and snatchs the mechanism below.

Preferably, a flowerpot distance adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the input end of the flowerpot conveying mechanism; the flowerpot distance adjusting mechanism comprises a Y-direction cylinder and a distance adjusting rod; the cylinder body of the Y-direction cylinder is fixed on a conveying frame of the flowerpot conveying mechanism through an L-shaped fixing plate; the distance adjusting rod is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the flowerpot conveying mechanism and is fixed with the push rod of the Y-direction cylinder.

More preferably, the distance adjusting rod is provided with an arc-shaped rod section.

The flowerpot separation method of the automatic flowerpot separation device comprises the following specific steps:

step one, loosening a locking screw, manually rotating a turntable, and driving all limiting columns to separate through each connecting block; then, the stacked flower pots are placed into limiting cavities formed among all the limiting columns, and the bottoms of the stacked flower pots are supported by supporting plates of the flower pot grabbing mechanisms; then, manually rotating the rotary table, driving all the limiting columns to be folded through all the connecting blocks, and aligning the axes of the flowerpots with the axis of the rotary table to complete the positioning of the stacked flowerpots; finally, the locking screw is tightened.

Loosening nuts on the sliding plate, and adjusting the positions of the two stop fixing plates in a horizontal sliding groove of the sliding plate according to the diameter of the flowerpot so as to adjust the initial distance between the two stop plates; then, the nut on the sliding plate is screwed down, so that the two stop fixing plates are fixed; and then, loosening the bolts on the limiting fixing plates through the handles of the two flowerpot limiting mechanisms, adjusting the spacing between the limiting rods of the two flowerpot limiting mechanisms according to the diameters of the flowerpots, and then screwing the bolts on the limiting fixing plates through the handles.

Step three, the linear module drives the stop plate to ascend to be aligned with the lower edge of the turned edge of the penultimate flowerpot; then, the two stepping motors synchronously drive the disc-shaped cams of the two cam push rod mechanisms to rotate, so that the roller push rods of the two cam push rod mechanisms drive the stop plate to extend out to be embedded into a gap between the two bottommost flowerpots or extrude turned edges of the bottommost flowerpots, and the upper end surfaces of the stop plate support the other flowerpots except the bottommost flowerpots.

Step four, starting the vacuum generating device, enabling the two clamping arms to be folded inwards, enabling the vacuum sucker to be adsorbed on the surface of the bottom flowerpot, and realizing grabbing of the bottom flowerpot; then, the Z-direction cylinder drives the clamping arm rack and the supporting plate to descend to the state that the supporting plate is attached to the flowerpot conveying mechanism, meanwhile, the linear module drives the stop plate to descend and reset, and the rest flowerpots descend along with the stop plate.

And step five, closing the vacuum generating device, loosening the flowerpot by the two clamping arms under the action of the spring, wherein the supporting plate is provided with a slope, and only one half of the flowerpot is supported by the supporting plate, so that the flowerpot inclines forwards, and after the other half of the flowerpot contacts the flowerpot conveying mechanism, the flowerpot is conveyed forwards to be separated from the supporting plate and is output along the limiting rods of the two flowerpot limiting mechanisms on the flowerpot conveying mechanism.

Sixthly, driving the clamping arm rack and the supporting plate to ascend and reset by the Z-direction cylinder, and supporting the rest of flowerpots by the supporting plate; then, the two stepping motors synchronously drive the disk cams of the two cam-pusher mechanisms to rotate, so that the stop plates of the two cam-pusher mechanisms retract under the action of the springs.

And seventhly, repeating the third step to the sixth step, and sequentially separating all flowerpots from bottom to top.

Preferably, the distance adjusting rod of the flowerpot distance adjusting mechanism is in an extending state initially, and the Y-direction cylinder drives the distance adjusting rod to do periodic movement of retraction and extension; when the distance adjusting rod is in an extending state, the arc-shaped rod section is contacted with the flowerpot to limit the forward conveying of the flowerpot, so that the distance between the limited flowerpot and the previous flowerpot is adjusted; when the distance adjusting rod is in a retraction state, the limited flowerpot continues to move forwards.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. when the flowerpot positioning mechanism works, firstly, the locking screws are unscrewed and the rotary table is rotated, limiting cavities formed among all limiting columns are enlarged to accommodate stacked flowerpots, then the rotary table is rotated and the locking screws are screwed together with the stacked flowerpots placed in the limiting cavities, and the central axes of the stacked flowerpots with different specifications and sizes are aligned with the central axis of the rotary table; the mechanism can effectively limit the falling direction of the flowerpot, enlarges the application range of the flowerpot gripping mechanism, ensures the accurate butt joint of the flowerpot, the flowerpot stopping mechanism and the flowerpot gripping mechanism, and improves the pot gripping success rate of the flowerpot gripping mechanism.

2. For stacked flowerpots without obvious gaps, the cam and push rod mechanism can still drive the stop plate to extrude the turned edge of the bottommost flowerpot, and the upper end surface of the stop plate is used for supporting other flowerpots except the bottommost flowerpot to prepare for grabbing the flowerpots.

3. The flowerpot grabbing mechanism realizes grabbing of the flowerpot, adopts a mode that the vacuum chuck is matched with the clamping arm, can prevent the flowerpot from freely falling on a conveyor belt, can effectively improve the attaching degree of the clamping arm to the surface of the flowerpot, reduces abrasion of the clamping arm to the flowerpot, is stable and firm in flowerpot grabbing and has high success rate; the supporting plate on the clamping arm rack is provided with a slope, when the flowerpot is placed on the conveying belt and the clamping arm loosens the flowerpot, due to the slope, the flowerpot inclines forwards by an angle and then partially contacts the conveying belt at the bottom end, and then the flowerpot gradually breaks away from the supporting plate under the dragging of the conveying belt until the bottom end is completely positioned on the conveying belt.

4. The flowerpot limiting mechanism enables flowerpots to be conveyed linearly along the limiting rod on the conveying belt, the distance between every two adjacent flowerpots is adjusted by the flowerpot distance adjusting mechanism when the flowerpots are conveyed along the limiting rod, and the flowerpots after distance adjustment are convenient for the subsequent processes of matrix filling, matrix hole making, flower seedling raising and the like to be smoothly carried out.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the automatic flowerpot separating device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the closing and separating of each limiting post of the flowerpot positioning mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a flowerpot stopping mechanism in the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a flowerpot grabbing mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a flowerpot conveying mechanism, a flowerpot limiting mechanism and a flowerpot distance adjusting mechanism in the invention;

FIG. 6 is a view illustrating an initial state in which a flowerpot is placed in the automatic flowerpot separating device according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a state in which a flowerpot is supported by the flowerpot stopping mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view illustrating a state in which the flowerpot grasping mechanism grasps the bottommost flowerpot according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a state view illustrating a flowerpot placed on the flowerpot conveying mechanism by the flowerpot grasping mechanism according to the present invention;

in the figure: 01. a basin separating workbench; 02. a flowerpot positioning mechanism; 0201. a base; 0202. a turntable; 0203. locking the screw; 0204. bearing bushes; 0205. a slide bar; 0206. a limiting column; 0207. connecting blocks; 03. a flowerpot stopping mechanism; 0301. a linear module; 0302. a sliding plate; 0303. a stop fixing plate; 0304. a cam-pusher mechanism; 0305. a stepping motor; 0306. a connecting plate; 0307. a stopper plate; 0308. a disc-shaped cam; 0309. a roller push rod; 0310. a first spring; 0311. a cam housing; 04. a flowerpot grabbing mechanism; 0401. a Z-direction cylinder; 0402. a clamp arm frame; 0403. a clamp arm; 0404. a vacuum chuck; 0405. a support plate; 0406. a spring post; 05. a flowerpot conveying mechanism; 0501. a conveyor belt; 0502. a carrier roller; 06. a flowerpot limiting mechanism; 0601. a limiting fixing plate; 0602. a limiting rod; 0603. a handle; 07. a flowerpot distance adjusting mechanism; 0701. an L-shaped fixing plate; 0702. a Y-direction cylinder; 0703. the roll adjustment pole.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.

As shown in fig. 1, an automatic flowerpot separating device comprises a flowerpot positioning mechanism 02, a flowerpot stopping mechanism 03, a flowerpot grabbing mechanism 04 and a flowerpot conveying mechanism 05; the flowerpot stopping mechanism 03 and the flowerpot grabbing mechanism 04 are arranged on two sides of the flowerpot positioning mechanism 02; the input end of the flowerpot conveying mechanism 05 is positioned below the flowerpot grabbing mechanism 04; two flowerpot limiting mechanisms 06 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the flowerpot conveying mechanism 05. The flowerpot positioning mechanism 02 is used for limiting the side part of the stacked flowerpot; the flowerpot stopping mechanism 03 integrally supports the stacked flowerpots, and the flowerpot stopping mechanism 03 and the flowerpot grabbing mechanism 04 are matched to place the stacked flowerpots onto the flowerpot conveying mechanism 05 one by one; the flowerpot conveying mechanism 05 conveys the flowerpot out; in fig. 1, the X direction is a horizontal direction parallel to the conveying direction of the flowerpot conveying mechanism 05, the Y direction is a horizontal direction perpendicular to the conveying direction of the flowerpot conveying mechanism 05, and the Z direction is a vertical direction.

As shown in fig. 2, the flowerpot positioning mechanism 02 comprises a base 0201, a turntable 0202, a locking screw 0203, a bearing bush 0204, a sliding rod 0205, a limiting column 0206 and a connecting block 0207; the base 0201 is fixed on the basin dividing workbench 01; the hollow turntable 0202 is arranged in an arc groove formed in the top of the base 0201; the outer ring of the turntable 0202 is in transition fit with the inner ring of the bearing bush 0204, and the outer ring of the bearing bush 0204 and the outer side wall of the arc groove of the base 0201 form a friction pair; the base 0201 is provided with n radial grooves, the turntable 0202 is provided with n arc grooves, and n is more than or equal to 3; n sliding rods 0205 are arranged, and each sliding rod 0205 penetrates through one corresponding radial groove and one corresponding arc-shaped groove respectively; the top end of the sliding rod 0205 is provided with an integrally formed limiting block, the bottom surface of the limiting block is limited by the top surface of the turntable 0202, and the displacement of the sliding rod 0205 in the vertical direction is limited; the bottom end of each sliding rod 0205 is fixed with the outer end of one connecting block 0207; a limiting column 0206 is fixed at the inner end of each connecting block 0207, and all the limiting columns 0206 vertically penetrate through the central hole of the base 0201; the turntable 0202 is also provided with a first vertical threaded hole, and the locking screw 0203 is connected with the first vertical threaded hole; when the locking screw 0203 is loosened, the rotating disc 0202 can be manually rotated; when the locking screw 0203 is screwed down, the rotating turntable 0202 is locked. The turntable 0202 drives all the limiting columns 0206 to be folded or separated through the connecting block 0207 when rotating so as to adapt to the positioning of flowerpots with different diameters.

As shown in fig. 3, the flowerpot stopping mechanism 03 comprises a linear module 0301, a sliding plate 0302, a stopping fixing plate 0303, a cam push rod mechanism 0304, a stepping motor 0305 and a connecting plate 0306; the linear module 0301 is vertically arranged and fixed on the basin separating workbench; the sliding plate 0302 is driven by the linear module 0301 to lift; the two stopping fixing plates 0303 are both connected with a horizontal chute formed in the sliding plate 0302 through bolts and nuts, and the positions of the stopping fixing plates 0303 can be adjusted in the horizontal chute so as to adapt to the positioning of flowerpots with different diameters; two cam push rod mechanisms 0304 are arranged; the cam push rod mechanism comprises a stop plate 0307, a disc-shaped cam 0308, a roller push rod 0309, a spring I0310 and a cam frame 0311; the disc cam 0308 and the cam frame 0311 form a revolute pair; the roller push rod 0309 and the cam frame 0311 form a sliding pair, and are connected with the cam frame 0311 through a spring 0310; one end of the roller push rod 0309 is hinged with a roller, and the other end is fixed with a stop plate 0307; the roller and the disc-shaped cam 0308 form a cam pair; the inner side surface of the stop plate 0307 is an arc-shaped groove; the cam frames 0311 of the two cam push rod mechanisms 0304 are respectively fixed on a corresponding stop fixing plate 0303 through a connecting plate 0306; the inner side surfaces of the stopper plates 0307 of the two cam push rod mechanisms 0304 are opposite; the disc cams 0308 of the two cam pusher mechanisms 0304 are driven by a stepping motor 0305, respectively.

As shown in fig. 4, the flowerpot grabbing mechanism 04 includes a Z-direction cylinder 0401, a clamp arm rack 0402, a clamp arm 0403, a vacuum chuck 0404, a support plate 0405, a spring post 0406 and a spring two; the cylinder body of the Z-direction cylinder 0401 is fixed on the basin-dividing workbench, and the clamping arm rack 0402 is fixed with the push rod of the Z-direction cylinder 0401; the two sides of the clamp arm frame 0402 are hinged with the middle parts of the two clamp arms 0403 respectively; two spring posts 0406 fixed on both sides of the clamp arm rack 0402 are sleeved with a second spring; two springs II are fixed with the two clamping arms 0403 respectively; the clamping arm 0403 is arranged in a hollow way, the head part is fixed with a vacuum chuck 0404, and the tail part is connected with a vacuum generating device; the supporting plate 0405 is fixed on the bottom surface of the clamping arm frame 0402, and one end of the supporting plate facing the flowerpot positioning mechanism 02 is provided with a slope; the end face of the end of the support plate 0405 facing the flowerpot positioning mechanism 02 is aligned with the central axis of the central hole of the base 0201 in the flowerpot positioning mechanism 02.

As shown in fig. 5, the flowerpot limiting mechanism 06 includes a limiting fixing plate 0601, a limiting rod 0602 and a bolt; the two limiting fixing plates 0601 are fixed on the conveying frame of the flowerpot conveying mechanism at intervals along the conveying direction of the flowerpot conveying mechanism; the limiting fixing plate 0601 is provided with a horizontal through hole and a vertical threaded hole II, and the bottom end of the vertical threaded hole II is communicated with the hole wall of the horizontal through hole; two integrally formed extending rods at two ends of the limiting rod 0602 are embedded into the horizontal hole passages of the two limiting fixing plates 0601; the two bolts are respectively connected with two vertical threaded holes of the two limiting fixing plates 0601, two extending rods of the limiting rod 0602 are pressed tightly, and the heads of the two bolts are both fixed with handles 0603; the limiting rods 0602 of the two flowerpot limiting mechanisms 06 are opposite and arranged at intervals. The bolt is unscrewed through the handle 0603, the extending distance of the extending rod of the limiting rod 0602 can be adjusted, so that the distance between the limiting rods 0602 of the two flowerpot limiting mechanisms 06 can be adjusted, and the position of the flowerpot during conveying is limited.

Wherein, the Z-direction cylinder 0401 is connected with an air pump through a reversing valve; the linear module 0301, the stepping motor 0305, the vacuum generating device and the reversing valve are all controlled by the controller.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the flowerpot conveying mechanism 05 includes a conveyor belt 0501, a carrier roller 0502, and a conveying frame; the two carrier rollers 0502 are arranged at intervals and hinged with the conveying frame; the conveyor belt 0501 connects the two carrier rollers 0502; the input end of conveyer belt is located the flowerpot and snatchs mechanism 04 below.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, a flowerpot distance adjusting mechanism 07 is arranged on one side of the input end of the flowerpot conveying mechanism 05; the flowerpot distance adjusting mechanism 07 comprises a Y-direction cylinder 0702 and a distance adjusting rod 0703; the cylinder body of the Y-direction cylinder 0702 is fixed on a conveying frame of the flowerpot conveying mechanism through an L-shaped fixing plate 0701; the distance adjusting rod 0703 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the flowerpot conveying mechanism 05 and is fixed with a push rod of the Y-direction cylinder; the Y-direction cylinder 0702 is connected with an air pump through a reversing valve.

As a more preferred embodiment, the distance rod 0703 is provided with an arc-shaped rod section, as shown in fig. 5.

As shown in fig. 6, 7, 8 and 9, the flowerpot separating method of the automatic flowerpot separating device includes the following specific steps:

step one, as shown in fig. 6, a locking screw 0203 is unscrewed, a turntable 0202 is rotated manually, and all limiting columns 0206 are driven to separate through connecting blocks 0207; then, the stacked flower pots are placed in the limiting cavities formed among all the limiting columns 0206, and the bottoms of the stacked flower pots are supported by the supporting plates 0405 of the flower pot grasping mechanisms 04; then, the rotating disc 0202 is rotated manually, all the limiting columns 0206 are driven to be folded through the connecting blocks 0207, so that the axes of the flowerpots are aligned with the axes of the rotating disc 0202, the positioning of the stacked flowerpots is completed, and the flowerpot stacking device can adapt to flowerpots with different diameters; finally, the locking screw 0203 is tightened.

Step two, loosening nuts on the sliding plate 0302, and adjusting the positions of the two stopping fixing plates 0303 in the horizontal chute of the sliding plate 0302 according to the diameter of the flowerpot, so as to adjust the initial distance between the two stopping plates 0307; then, the nuts on the sliding plate 0302 are screwed down, so that the two stopper fixing plates 0303 are fixed; next, the bolts on the limit fixing plates 0601 are loosened by the handles 0603 of the two flowerpot limit mechanisms 06, the distance between the limit rods 0602 of the two flowerpot limit mechanisms 06 is adjusted according to the diameters of the flowerpots, and then the bolts on the limit fixing plates 0601 are tightened by the handles 0603.

Step three, as shown in fig. 7, the linear module 0301 drives the stopper plate 0307 to rise to be aligned with the lower edge of the flanging of the penultimate flowerpot; then, two stepping motors 0305 synchronously drive the disc cams 0308 of the two cam push rod mechanisms 0304 to rotate, so that the roller push rods 0309 of the two cam push rod mechanisms 0304 drive the stop plates 0307 to extend out to be embedded into the gaps between the two bottommost flowerpots; for the stacked flowerpot group without a significant gap, the stopper plate 0307 presses the flanges of the lowermost flowerpot, and the upper end surface of the stopper plate 0307 supports the remaining pots except for the lowermost flowerpot.

Step four, as shown in fig. 8, starting the vacuum generating device, closing the two clamping arms 0403 inwards, and adsorbing the vacuum chuck 0404 on the surface of the bottom flowerpot to realize the grabbing of the bottom flowerpot; then, the Z-direction cylinder 0401 drives the clamp arm frame 0402 and the support plate 0405 to descend until the support plate 0405 abuts on the flowerpot conveying mechanism 05, and as shown in fig. 9, the linear module 0301 drives the stopper plate 0307 to descend and return, and the remaining pots descend along with the stopper plate 0307.

Step five, as shown in fig. 9, the vacuum generating device is turned off, the two clamping arms 0403 loosen the flowerpot under the action of the spring two, the supporting plate 0405 is provided with a slope, and the supporting plate 0405 only supports half of the flowerpot, so the flowerpot inclines forwards, after the other half of the flowerpot contacts the flowerpot conveying mechanism, the flowerpot is conveyed forwards to be separated from the supporting plate 0405, and is output along the limiting rods 0602 of the two flowerpot limiting mechanisms 06 on the flowerpot conveying mechanism.

Sixthly, the Z-direction cylinder 0401 drives the clamping arm rack 0402 and the supporting plate 0405 to ascend and reset, and the supporting plate 0405 supports the rest flowerpots; then, the two stepping motors 0305 synchronously drive the disc cams 0308 of the two cam push rod mechanisms 0304 to rotate, so that the stop plates 0307 of the two cam push rod mechanisms 0304 retract under the action of the spring 0310.

And seventhly, repeating the third step to the sixth step, and sequentially separating all flowerpots from bottom to top.

As a preferred embodiment, the distance adjusting rod 0703 of the flowerpot distance adjusting mechanism 07 is in an extended state initially, and the Y-direction cylinder 0702 drives the distance adjusting rod 0703 to do periodic movement of retraction and extension; when the distance adjusting rod 0703 is in an extending state, the arc-shaped rod section is contacted with the flowerpot to limit the forward conveying of the flowerpot, so that the distance between the limited flowerpot and the previous flowerpot is adjusted, and the distance is smoothly butted with the following processes of matrix filling, matrix hole making, flower seedling raising and the like; when the distance adjusting rod 0703 is in the retracted state, the limited flowerpot continues to advance.