阅读说明：本技术 一种大叶榄仁种实引发剂的制备及其使用方法 (Preparation and use method of Terminalia gymnorrhiza seed and seed initiator ) 是由 林春光 李国寅 许天委 于 2019-10-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种大叶榄仁种实引发剂的制备及其使用方法,本发明通过在PEG和氯化钠溶液中引入十二烷基硫酸钠和氯化铜,并严格控制制备参数,影响PEG的空间构象,成功得到一种在仅部分去除内果皮的基础上,即可有效缩短大叶榄仁种子萌发时间,提高萌发率且可实现种子同步萌发的引发剂。采用本发明方法,大叶榄仁种子平均发芽时间缩短了44％以上,发芽率提高47％以上,同步指数提高19％以上。(The invention discloses a preparation method and a use method of an initiator for Terminalia gymnorrhiza seed kernel, wherein lauryl sodium sulfate and copper chloride are introduced into a PEG (polyethylene glycol) and sodium chloride solution, preparation parameters are strictly controlled, the spatial conformation of the PEG is influenced, and the initiator which can effectively shorten the germination time of Terminalia gymnorrhiza seed kernel, improve the germination rate and realize synchronous germination of seeds is successfully obtained on the basis of only partially removing endocarp. By adopting the method, the average germination time of the Terminalia gymnorrhiza seeds is shortened by more than 44%, the germination rate is improved by more than 47%, and the synchronization index is improved by more than 19%.)

1. A preparation method of an olive kernel seed kernel initiator is characterized by dissolving PEG and sodium chloride in water, heating to 35-40 ℃, stirring at 600-1000 rpm for 10-20 min, then adding sodium dodecyl sulfate and copper chloride, stirring uniformly, and storing at 35-40 ℃.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the PEG is PEG-6000.

3. The method for preparing the initiator for seed and seed of Terminalia gymnorrhiza Linn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the initiator contains PEG 5-20 wt%, sodium chloride 0.01-0.02 wt%, copper chloride 0.003-0.005 wt%, and sodium dodecyl sulfate 0.1-0.2 wt%.

4. An initiator for seed kernel of Terminalia gymnorrhiza, which is prepared by the preparation method of claim 1.

5. Use of the Terminalia catappa seed initiator as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4, wherein seeds with pericarp are taken, the epicarp, mesocarp and < 5% of endocarp are removed, the seeds are soaked in the initiator for 4 to 5 days, and the seeds are removed and allowed to slowly dry back to their original level at room temperature.

6. The use method of the initiator for seed and kernel of Terminalia sericea as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the seeds are first soaked in the mixture of boric acid and monopotassium phosphate for 1 to 2 days, then the seeds are taken out, after draining off water, the seeds are soaked in the initiator at 35 to 40 ℃ for 4 to 5 days, and then the seeds are taken out and slowly dried back to the original level at room temperature.

7. The use method according to claim 6, wherein the boric acid is present at a concentration of 0.2 to 0.3% by mass, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is present at a concentration of 0.3 to 0.4% by mass.

8. The use method of claim 5, wherein the soaking temperature of the seed in the initiator is 35-40 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention particularly relates to a preparation method and a use method of an Terminalia gymnorrhiza seed and seed initiator.

Background

Terminalia catappa L is a tall tree of Terminalia of Combretaceae, with oval fruit, pericarp of soft wood, endocarp of hard wood, and seed inside. The seeds are used for propagation in production, and the germination prime stage is usually started after more than 60 days after sowing, so that the time is long. The longer germination time ensures that the germination process of the seeds is easily influenced by various factors of the environment, the germination rate is lower in a natural state, the germination rate of fresh fruits only reaches 25 percent, and the requirement of quickly acquiring seedlings in production is not facilitated. The seed priming is that the seeds slowly absorb water before sowing according to the seed properties and the water absorption rate, so that the seeds stay in the imbibition stage to perform the physiological and biochemical metabolism and repair functions of pre-germination, promote the repair of cell membranes, organelles and DNA and the activation of enzymes, and enable the seeds to be in a germination preparation state. The seed germination time can be shortened and the germination rate can be improved by utilizing a seed priming technology, but the technology is rarely used for treating seeds of Terminalia gymnorrhiza Maxim.

Research by Lipe et al shows that the lignified endocarp of stone fruits has strong mechanical resistance and is a main factor for difficult germination of stone fruits such as peach seeds. Removing the endocarp reduces mechanical resistance and improves the moisture uptake of the seed, thereby promoting seed germination. However, in the seedling raising production of the Terminalia gymnorrhiza, the fruit peel is completely removed, so that the production cost is increased on one hand, and on the other hand, because the endocarp of the Terminalia gymnorrhiza is hard and has certain adhesion with the kernel, the seeds are easily damaged in the removing process, so that the seedling raising is not realized by completely removing the fruit peel (shell) in the production.

In summary, based on the consideration of improving germination speed and germination rate of Terminalia gymnorrhiza seeds and saving production cost, the development of an initiator used without removing pericarp or incompletely removing pericarp is urgently needed in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects of the prior art, the inventor group invents a preparation method and a use method of an olive kernel seed initiator in the research process of the application research of a seed initiation technology in olive kernel seedling culture, and successfully realizes the purposes of effectively shortening the germination time of olive kernel seeds, improving the germination rate and synchronously germinating the seeds on the basis of only partially removing endocarp.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the invention provides an initiator suitable for Terminalia gymnorrhiza kernel, and a preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:

dissolving PEG and sodium chloride in water, heating to 35-40 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 600-1000 rpm for 10-20 min, then adding sodium dodecyl sulfate and copper chloride, stirring uniformly, and storing at 35-40 ℃.

Wherein, the PEG used by the invention is water-soluble PEG-6000.

Preferably, the mass concentration of PEG in the initiator is 5-20%, the mass concentration of sodium chloride is 0.01-0.02%, the mass concentration of copper chloride is 0.003-0.005%, and the mass concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate is 0.1-0.2%.

In addition, the invention further provides a use method of the initiator, which comprises the following steps: taking seeds with pericarp, removing epicarp, mesocarp and endocarp (the seeds are not exposed) less than or equal to 5 percent, soaking the seeds in an initiator for 4-5 days, taking out the seeds, and slowly drying the seeds to the original level at room temperature. Wherein the soaking temperature of the seeds in the initiator is 35-40 ℃.

Preferably, firstly, soaking the seeds in a mixed solution of boric acid and monopotassium phosphate for 1-2 days, then taking out the seeds, draining off water, soaking the seeds in an initiator at 35-40 ℃ for 4-5 days, taking out the seeds, and slowly drying the seeds to the original level at room temperature. Wherein the mass concentration of the boric acid is 0.2-0.3%, and the mass concentration of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.3-0.4%.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

PEG is a macromolecular penetrant, and when used as a seed initiator, the penetrant can not permeate into living cells of seeds, does not add nutrients to the seeds, is nontoxic, and can affect the activity of the seeds through the penetration regulation effect. PEG has been widely used as a plant seed initiator, but with the research, the PEG has been found to have high viscosity, poor air permeability and serious microbial propagation, and the defects limit the large-scale use of PEG in the seed initiation of the Terminalia catappa. According to the invention, sodium dodecyl sulfate and copper chloride are introduced into the PEG and sodium chloride solution, and preparation parameters are strictly controlled to influence the spatial conformation of PEG, so that the initiator capable of effectively shortening the germination time of the Terminalia macrosperma seeds, improving the germination rate and realizing synchronous germination of the seeds on the basis of only partially removing endocarp is successfully obtained.

By adopting the method, the average germination time of the Terminalia gymnorrhiza seeds is shortened by more than 44%, the germination rate is improved by more than 47%, and the synchronization index is improved by more than 19%. The method can also effectively relieve the problem of difficult storage after the initiation treatment.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.