阅读说明：本技术 一种全自动大型循环热处理生产线及热处理生产方法 (Full-automatic large-scale circulating heat treatment production line and heat treatment production method ) 是由 丁国胜 张永宽 高玉峰 龚奇龙 崔清链 于 2021-06-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于热处理领域,具体涉及一种全自动大型循环热处理生产线及热处理生产方法。目前对于大批量工件正火、回火热处理大多采用多台台车炉组成的热处理炉群进行处理,整个过程人为影响因素较大,热效率且设备寿命低。本发明通过将整条生产线呈回字形布置,正火炉与回火炉并行排列且正火炉内比回火炉内多一个加热工位,每个加热工位对应加热一辆台车上的工件,正火台车过跨转移装置与回火台车过跨转移装置并行排列,其中正火台车过跨转移装置用于将卸料位上的台车引导至正火上料位,回火台车过跨转移装置用于将回火等待位上的台车引导至回火上料位。产品质量稳定,自动化程度高,提高了整个生产线的工作效率。(The invention belongs to the field of heat treatment, and particularly relates to a full-automatic large-scale circulating heat treatment production line and a heat treatment production method. At present, the normalizing and tempering heat treatment of a large batch of workpieces is mostly carried out by adopting a heat treatment furnace group consisting of a plurality of trolley furnaces, the whole process has large human influence factors, the heat efficiency is low, and the service life of equipment is short. The whole production line is arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', the normalizing furnace and the tempering furnace are arranged in parallel, the normalizing furnace is provided with one more heating station than the tempering furnace, each heating station correspondingly heats a workpiece on one trolley, the normalizing trolley is arranged in parallel with the tempering trolley through a cross transfer device, the normalizing trolley through the cross transfer device is used for guiding the trolley on the unloading position to a normalizing loading position, and the tempering trolley through the cross transfer device is used for guiding the trolley on the tempering waiting position to a tempering loading position. The product quality is stable, degree of automation is high, has improved the work efficiency of whole production line.)

1. The utility model provides a full-automatic large-scale circulation heat treatment production line, includes normalizing furnace (4) and tempering furnace (13), its characterized in that: the whole production line is arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', the normalizing furnace (4) and the tempering furnace (13) are arranged in parallel, the interior of the normalizing furnace (4) is provided with one more heating station than the interior of the tempering furnace (13), each heating station correspondingly heats a workpiece on one trolley, and the next station of the last-stage station in the tempering furnace (13) is a tempering furnace discharging trolley waiting station (14); the normalizing trolley over-span transfer device (17) and the tempering trolley over-span transfer device (11) are arranged in parallel, wherein the normalizing trolley over-span transfer device (17) is used for guiding a trolley on a discharging position (16) to a normalizing feeding position (2), the discharging position (16) is the next station of a tempering discharging trolley waiting position (14), the next station of the normalizing feeding position (2) is the first station in the normalizing furnace (4), a charging platform (1) is arranged near the normalizing feeding position (2), and a normalizing manipulator (20) is arranged between the discharging position (16) and the normalizing feeding position (2); the tempering trolley striding transfer device (11) is used for guiding a trolley on a tempering waiting position (6) to a tempering feeding position (10), the tempering waiting position (6) is the next station of the last station in the normalizing furnace (4), the next station of the tempering feeding position (10) is the first station in the tempering furnace (13), a first cooling station (7) is arranged near the tempering waiting position (6), and a tempering manipulator (8) is arranged between the tempering waiting position (6) and the tempering feeding position (10); the workpieces on the discharge position (16) are conveyed away through a discharge platform (18) and a chain belt conveying mechanism (19).

2. The full-automatic large-scale circulation heat treatment production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a second cooling station (9) is arranged near the tempering feeding position (10) and is used for further cooling the workpiece transferred from the first cooling station (7), and the first cooling station (7) and the second cooling station (9) are distributed at two sides of the tempering manipulator (8).

3. The full-automatic large-scale circulation heat treatment production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the charging platforms (1) is one or more, and the charging platforms are distributed on two sides of the normalizing manipulator (20).

4. A full-automatic large-scale cyclic heat treatment production line according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: a normalizing furnace material pushing mechanism (3) is arranged between the normalizing material loading position (2) and the normalizing furnace (4), and a normalizing furnace material pulling mechanism (5) is arranged between the normalizing furnace (4) and the tempering waiting position (6).

5. A full-automatic large-scale cyclic heat treatment production line according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: a tempering furnace material pushing mechanism (12) is arranged between the tempering material loading position (10) and the tempering furnace (13), and a tempering furnace material pulling mechanism (15) is arranged between the tempering furnace discharging trolley waiting position (14) and the material discharging position (16).

6. A full-automatic large-scale cyclic heat treatment production line according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the normalizing furnace (4) and the tempering furnace (13) are respectively provided with a feeding furnace door (24) and a discharging furnace door (25).

7. A full-automatic large-scale cyclic heat treatment production line according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the normalizing manipulator (20) and the tempering manipulator (8) are arranged on a manipulator transverse and longitudinal moving frame (23), and are lifted and lowered through a manipulator lifting mechanism (22) and provided with a material fork (21).

8. The full-automatic large-scale circulation heat treatment production line of claim 7, characterized in that: the work done by the normalizing manipulator (20) comprises transferring the work on the loading platform (1) to a normalizing loading level (2) and transferring the work on the unloading level (16) to an unloading platform (18); the work finished by the tempering manipulator (8) comprises the steps of transferring the workpiece on the tempering waiting position (6) to the first cooling station (7), transferring the workpiece on the first cooling station (7) to the second cooling station (9) or the tempering loading position (10), and transferring the workpiece on the second cooling station (9) to the tempering loading position (10).

9. A full-automatic large-scale cyclic heat treatment production line according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: an air cooling mist cooling device (26) is arranged in the first cooling station (7) and/or the second cooling station (9) and is used for cooling the workpiece.

10. A full-automatic large-scale circulation heat treatment production method is characterized in that: the method utilizes a full-automatic large-scale circulating heat treatment production line according to any one of claims 1 to 9,

in the same time sequence, N trolleys are accommodated in the tempering furnace (13), and workpieces on the N trolleys are tempered by the tempering furnace (13); accommodating N +1 trolleys in the normalizing furnace (4), and normalizing the workpieces on the N +1 trolleys by the normalizing furnace (4); a trolley is arranged on the tempering trolley cross-span transfer device (11), after the workpiece on the trolley is transferred to the cooling station, the trolley is guided to a tempering loading position (10) from a tempering waiting position (6), and the cooled workpiece is loaded on the trolley; a trolley is arranged on the normalizing trolley cross-span transfer device (17), and after the workpieces on the trolley are transferred to a discharging platform (18), the trolley is transferred from a discharging position (16) to a normalizing feeding position (2) and is fed;

when the previous time sequence is transited to the next time sequence, the trolley on the normalizing feeding position (2) is pushed into the first station of the normalizing furnace (4), the trolley on the last station in the normalizing furnace (4) is pulled out to the tempering waiting position (6), the trolley on the tempering feeding position (10) is pushed into the first station of the tempering furnace (13), the trolley on the last station in the tempering furnace (13) is pushed to the tempering furnace discharging trolley waiting position (14), and the trolley on the tempering furnace discharging trolley waiting position (14) is pulled out to the discharging position (16).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of heat treatment, and particularly relates to a full-automatic large-scale circulating heat treatment production line and a heat treatment production method.

Background

At present, the normalizing and tempering heat treatment of a large batch of workpieces is mostly carried out by adopting a heat treatment furnace group consisting of a plurality of trolley furnaces. The production process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of feeding through a workshop crown block (placing a workpiece on a trolley) → opening of the trolley into a furnace chamber → closing of a furnace door → starting of normalizing heat treatment → completion of heat treatment → opening of the furnace door → opening of the trolley → cooling → reentering of the trolley → closing of the furnace door → warming for tempering heat treatment → opening of the furnace door → opening of the trolley → discharging through the workshop crown block. The process needs frequent manual operation and has low automation degree. When the trolley furnace finishes the heat treatment process of one furnace of workpieces, the trolley carrying the workpieces needs to be driven out of a hearth, and the trolley can be loaded again for next treatment after being cooled. The whole process flow is complicated, the energy loss of the part of the trolley for heating and cooling along with the workpiece belongs to useless work, and the heat loss is large.

To summarize, this process has the following problems:

firstly, the workpiece is loaded and unloaded by workers through a workshop overhead crane, and the quality of the final product is not controlled due to great human influence factors in the whole process;

secondly, after each furnace is subjected to heat treatment, the trolley is cooled and then is provided with a workpiece, then the workpiece is carried by the cold trolley and enters the hearth to be heated, and the energy consumed by the heating trolley is useless work (the energy of the heating trolley accounts for more than 25% of the total energy consumption), so that the heat efficiency of the equipment is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the service life of the trolley is greatly reduced after the trolley is subjected to frequent large-amplitude heating and cooling processes;

and thirdly, when the large-batch workpieces are produced, a plurality of trolley furnaces are required, the occupied area is large, the individual performances of the trolley furnaces are different, and the control on the quality of the same batch of products is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a full-automatic large-scale circulating heat treatment production line and a heat treatment production method, aiming at solving the problems of low heat treatment efficiency, high energy consumption and short service life of equipment in the prior art.

The invention provides a full-automatic large-scale circulating heat treatment production line, which comprises a normalizing furnace and a tempering furnace, wherein the whole production line is arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', the normalizing furnace and the tempering furnace are arranged in parallel, the normalizing furnace is internally provided with one more heating station than the tempering furnace, each heating station correspondingly heats a workpiece on one trolley, and the next station of the last-stage station in the tempering furnace is a tempering furnace discharging trolley waiting station; the normalizing trolley cross-span transfer device and the tempering trolley cross-span transfer device are arranged in parallel, wherein the normalizing trolley cross-span transfer device is used for guiding a trolley on a discharging position to a normalizing feeding position, the discharging position is the next station of a tempering discharging trolley waiting position, the next station of the normalizing feeding position is the first station in the normalizing furnace, a charging platform is arranged near the normalizing feeding position, and a normalizing manipulator is arranged between the discharging position and the normalizing feeding position; the tempering trolley cross-span transfer device is used for guiding a trolley on a tempering waiting position to a tempering loading position, the tempering waiting position is the next station of the last-stage station in the normalizing furnace, the next station of the tempering loading position is the first station in the tempering furnace, a first cooling station is arranged near the tempering waiting position, and a tempering manipulator is arranged between the tempering waiting position and the tempering loading position; the workpiece on the unloading position is conveyed away through the unloading platform and the chain belt conveying mechanism.

Advantageously, a second cooling station is arranged near the tempering and charging position for further cooling the workpiece transferred from the first cooling station, and the first cooling station and the second cooling station are distributed on both sides of the tempering robot.

Advantageously, the number of loading stations is one or more, distributed on both sides of the normalizing manipulator.

Advantageously, a normalizing furnace material pushing mechanism is arranged between the normalizing material loading position and the normalizing furnace, and a normalizing furnace material pulling mechanism is arranged between the normalizing furnace and the tempering waiting position.

Advantageously, a tempering furnace pushing mechanism is arranged between the tempering feeding position and the tempering furnace, and a tempering furnace pulling mechanism is arranged between the tempering discharging trolley waiting position and the discharging position.

Advantageously, the normalizing and tempering furnaces have a feed furnace door and an exit furnace door, respectively.

Advantageously, the normalizing and tempering manipulators are arranged on a manipulator traversing frame, have a lifting by a manipulator lifting mechanism and have material forks.

Advantageously, the work performed by said normalizing robot comprises transferring the work pieces on the loading station to a normalizing loading position, transferring the work pieces on the unloading position to the unloading station; the work that the tempering manipulator accomplished includes that the work piece on waiting for the position to shift to first cooling station with tempering, shifts the work piece on the first cooling station to second cooling station or tempering material loading position, shifts the work piece on the second cooling station to tempering material loading position.

Advantageously, a wind-cooling mist cooling device is arranged in the first cooling station and/or the second cooling station for cooling the workpiece.

The invention also provides a full-automatic large-scale circulating heat treatment production method, which utilizes the full-automatic large-scale circulating heat treatment production line,

in the same time sequence, N trolleys are accommodated in the tempering furnace, and workpieces on the N trolleys are tempered by the tempering furnace; accommodating N +1 trolleys in the normalizing furnace, and normalizing the workpieces on the N +1 trolleys by the normalizing furnace; a trolley is arranged on the tempering trolley cross-span transfer device, after the workpiece on the trolley is transferred to the cooling station, the trolley is guided to a tempering loading position from a tempering waiting position, and the cooled workpiece is loaded on the trolley; a trolley is arranged on the normalizing trolley cross-span transfer device, and after the workpiece on the trolley is transferred to the discharging platform, the trolley is transferred from the discharging position to the normalizing feeding position and is fed;

when the previous time sequence is transited to the next time sequence, the trolley on the normalizing feeding position is pushed into the first station of the normalizing furnace, the trolley on the last station in the normalizing furnace is pulled out to the tempering waiting position, the trolley on the tempering feeding position is pushed into the first station of the tempering furnace, the trolley on the last station in the tempering furnace is pushed to the tempering furnace discharging trolley waiting position, and the trolley on the tempering furnace discharging trolley waiting position is pulled out to the discharging position.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the full-automatic heat treatment production line solves the problem that product quality is unstable due to individual difference of heat treatment furnaces of a heat treatment furnace group in the original process during mass workpiece production;

secondly, the whole process is automatically finished, so that labor cost is greatly reduced, and the influence of human factors on product quality is reduced;

thirdly, a preassembly station is arranged, so that the working efficiency of the whole production line is improved;

and fourthly, heat loss in the process is reduced, and the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic layout of a fully automatic large-scale cyclic heat treatment line according to the present invention;

figure 2 is a cross-sectional view a-a of bitmap 1.

In the figure: 1-charging platform, 2-normalizing feeding level, 3-normalizing furnace pushing mechanism, 4-normalizing furnace, 5-normalizing furnace pulling mechanism, 6-tempering waiting level, 7-first cooling level, 8-tempering manipulator, 9-second cooling level, 10-tempering feeding level, 11-tempering trolley cross transfer device, 12-tempering furnace pushing mechanism, 13-tempering furnace, 14-tempering discharging trolley waiting level, 15-tempering furnace pulling mechanism, 16-discharging level, 17-normalizing trolley cross transfer device, 18-discharging platform, 19-chain belt conveying mechanism, 20-normalizing manipulator, 21-material fork, 22-manipulator lifting mechanism, 23-manipulator transverse and longitudinal moving frame, 24-feeding furnace door, 25-discharging furnace door and 26-air cooling fog cooling device

Detailed Description

The invention provides a full-automatic large-scale circulating heat treatment production line, which mainly comprises 1 normalizing furnace 4, a normalizing furnace feeding and discharging mechanism, N +1 heating units in the normalizing furnace, 1 tempering furnace 13, a tempering furnace feeding and discharging mechanism, N heating units in the tempering furnace, 2 automatic loading and unloading manipulators, 2 sets of air-spraying spray cooling devices, 2 sets of trolley cross-span transfer devices, 2 loading platforms, 1 unloading platform and 2N +3 trolleys.

This scheme is the paper clip through reasonable production station setting with whole strip production line and arranges that messenger's production process is compact, and normalizing furnace and tempering furnace are arranged in parallel, realize whole production process's full automated control: the station arrangement is shown in figure 1, and the production process sequentially comprises the following devices or process stations: the device comprises a charging platform 1 → a normalizing feeding position 2 → a normalizing furnace pushing mechanism 3 → a normalizing furnace 4 → a normalizing furnace pulling mechanism 5 → a tempering waiting position 6 (a first cooling position 7 is arranged in parallel) → a tempering feeding position 10 (a second cooling position 9 is arranged in parallel) → a tempering furnace pushing mechanism 12 → a tempering furnace 13 → a tempering discharging trolley waiting position 14 → a tempering furnace pulling mechanism 15 → a discharging position 16 → a discharging platform 18 → a chain belt conveying mechanism 19, wherein when the normalizing feeding position 2 is used for feeding materials and when the discharging platform 18 is used for discharging materials, the normalizing manipulator 20 is used for feeding materials and discharging materials; the discharging at the tempering waiting position 6, the feeding at the tempering feeding position 10 and the transferring of the workpiece on the first cooling station 7 to the second cooling station 9 are all completed by the tempering manipulator 8. When the trolley at the discharging position 16 is transferred to the normalizing feeding position 2, the transfer is completed through the bottom normalizing trolley cross transfer device 17, and when the trolley at the tempering waiting position 6 is transferred to the tempering feeding position 10, the transfer is completed through the bottom tempering trolley cross transfer device 11, and the normalizing trolley cross transfer device 17 and the tempering trolley cross transfer device 11 can be realized through a track or other modes.

Because the later stage of the tempering furnace 13 is also provided with a tempering furnace discharging trolley waiting position 14, the number of heating units in the tempering furnace 13 is one less than that of the heating units in the normalizing furnace 4, when the number of the heating units in the normalizing furnace 4 is N, the number of the heating units in the tempering furnace 13 is N +1, each heating unit correspondingly heats one trolley, meanwhile, the normalizing trolley cross-span transfer device 17 is also provided with one trolley, and the tempering trolley cross-span transfer device 11 is also provided with one trolley. Therefore, 2N +3 trolleys exist on the whole production line at the same time for closed-loop transfer, so that the whole hot processing process is completed.

The normalizing furnace 4 and the tempering furnace 13 have a feed furnace door 24 and a discharge furnace door 25 at both the inlet and the outlet. The normalizing robot 20 and the tempering robot 8 are installed on a robot traverse and longitudinal movement frame 23 to be flexibly moved, and further, a robot lifting mechanism 22 may be provided to control the height of the robots. And both the normalizing robot 20 and the tempering robot 8 have a fork 21.

Two loading platforms 1 are respectively arranged at two sides of the normalizing manipulator 20 and used for placing workpieces to be processed. A first cooling station 7 and a second cooling station 9 are respectively arranged on two sides of the tempering manipulator 8, and two-stage cooling is carried out on the workpiece unloaded from the trolley of the tempering waiting station 6, and an air-cooled fog cooling device 26 is adopted for cooling.

The process is described as follows: the production line heat treatment process comprises the steps of (1) feeding → (2) workpiece normalizing heating → (3) workpiece cooling → (4) workpiece tempering heating → (5) workpiece cooling after tempering → (6) discharging.

(1) Feeding material

The workpiece is hoisted by the shop overhead traveling vehicle → the workpiece is manually arranged on the loading table 1 → the normalizing manipulator 20 is started → the normalizing manipulator 20 is operated from an initial position (a position shown by a discharging position 16 in fig. 1) to the loading table 1 by the manipulator traverse and traverse moving frame 23 → the work is fetched by lowering the fork 21 to a lower position by the manipulator hoisting mechanism 22 → the work is lifted by hoisting the fork 21 → the normalizing manipulator 20 transfers the work to the trolley already in place at the normalizing feeding position 2 → the fork 21 is lowered, the normalizing manipulator 20 is returned to the initial position → the feeding process is completed;

(2) normalizing and heating workpiece

The method comprises the steps that a feeding furnace door and a discharging furnace door pressing cylinder of a normalizing furnace 4 are simultaneously opened, a feeding furnace door 24 and a discharging furnace door 25 are lifted to an opened position → a normalizing material pushing mechanism 3 is started to push a trolley which finishes material loading at a normalizing material loading position 2 into the normalizing furnace 4 (the normalizing material pushing mechanism 3 advances firstly and retreats later), all trolleys in the normalizing furnace 4 are pushed to advance by one station → a normalizing furnace material pulling mechanism 5 is started (when the normalizing material pushing mechanism 3 starts to retreat), the loading trolley pushed out of the normalizing furnace 4 is pulled to a tempering waiting position 6 → the feeding furnace door 24 and the discharging furnace door 25 descend simultaneously, and the trolley is pressed and closed by the cylinder → heating is started (each heating unit can be independently controlled, the number of the heating units and the heat preservation units is determined by a specific heat treatment process) → heating of a workpiece → heat preservation of the workpiece → heat preservation time of the workpiece. (different numbers of heat supply stations are configured according to different heat normalizing processes, the length of each heat supply station is equal to the length of the trolley, and the total length of the furnace body is N +1 times of the length of the trolley).

(3) Workpiece cooling

The tempering robot 8 is started from the initial position (position shown as the tempering waiting position 6 in fig. 1), runs to the tempering waiting position 6, the method comprises the steps of taking a heated workpiece from a low-position fork by a manipulator lifting mechanism 22 → lifting the material fork 21 → transferring the workpiece to a first cooling station (or then transferring the workpiece to a second cooling station 9 by a manipulator transverse and longitudinal moving frame 23, wherein two cooling stations with the same function are arranged to meet different requirements of workpiece cooling) → lowering the workpiece on the material fork 21 onto a support of the cooling station → a tempering manipulator 8 returning to an initial position → an air cooling mist cooling device 26 cooling the workpiece at different cooling speeds by adjusting air volume and mist volume (simultaneously transferring the trolley at a tempering waiting position to a tempering loading position 10 by the tempering trolley through a spanning transfer device 11) → transferring the cooled workpiece to the trolley at the tempering loading position by the tempering manipulator 8 → completing the workpiece cooling process.

(4) Tempering and heating of workpieces

The feeding furnace door and the discharging furnace door pressing air cylinder of the tempering furnace 13 are opened simultaneously, the feeding furnace door 24 and the discharging furnace door 25 are lifted to an open position → the tempering furnace pushing mechanism 12 is started to push the trolley at the tempering feeding position 10 into the tempering furnace 13 and push all trolleys in the furnace to advance to a station → the tempering furnace pulling mechanism 15 is started to pull the trolley pushed out of the tempering furnace 13 to the tempering furnace trolley waiting position 14 (the workpieces on the trolley are tempered, so the length and the feeding and discharging rhythm of the whole production line are determined by different heat treatment processes) → lowering the feeding furnace door 24 and the discharging furnace door 25 simultaneously, pressing the air cylinders, closing the furnace doors → heating the tempering furnace 13 → heating the workpieces in the furnace → keeping the temperature of the workpieces → keeping the temperature for finishing the tempering treatment. (different numbers of heat supply stations are configured according to different hot tempering processes, the length of each heat supply station is equal to the length of the trolley, and the total length of the furnace body is N times of the length of the trolley).

(5) Cooling the tempered work piece

The tempering furnace material pulling mechanism 15 is started to further pull the trolley on the tempering furnace trolley waiting position 14 to the material unloading position 16 → the normalizing manipulator 20 is started to unload the workpiece to the material unloading table 18 in the lifting state → the material unloading table 18 descends to place the workpiece on the chain belt conveying mechanism 19 for natural air cooling (the chain belt conveying mechanism 19 sets the number of stations according to the air cooling speed to meet the air cooling time requirement) → at the same time, the normalizing trolley is guided to the normalizing material loading position 2 through the normalizing trolley over-spanning transfer device to wait for the next material loading (the trolley is recycled, the trolley does not need to be cooled to the normal temperature, and the material loading is completed through the normalizing manipulator 20).

(6) Discharging

And (4) hoisting the workpiece subjected to natural air cooling by a shop crown block to perform the next process, and finishing the whole heat treatment process.