阅读说明：本技术 一种免维护干熄焦焦罐的制备方法 (Preparation method of maintenance-free dry quenching coke tank ) 是由 马明锴 王裕龙 孔令彬 王伦 栾元迪 于 2019-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种免维护干熄焦焦罐的制备方法在试用地区显示,焦罐外层使用寿命内不需要维护,焦罐外层的使用寿命比现有技术延长3倍左右,外层结构中的柱形筒体为一个整体结构,倒圆台形筒体部分也是是整体式结构,它们连接成整体结构,不需要使用支撑架,外层结构均采用钢板制作；焦罐内层也称浇注层,采用耐火材料原料制作,并与外层紧密贴合,避免了内层与外层间的夹层及内层翘起的不足。内层的柱形筒体、第一倒圆台形筒体、第二倒圆台形筒体及第三倒圆台形筒体的浇注层材料密度及厚度不同,以适应了不同部位的撞击力度等,在使用寿命达到设计要求下,使制造成本达到较低水平。(A maintenance-free preparation method of a coke tank for dry quenching shows in trial areas that the service life of the outer layer of the coke tank is not required to be maintained, the service life of the outer layer of the coke tank is prolonged by about 3 times compared with the prior art, a cylindrical barrel in the outer layer structure is of an integral structure, the part of an inverted frustum-shaped barrel is also of an integral structure, the cylindrical barrel and the inverted frustum-shaped barrel are connected into an integral structure, a support frame is not required, and the outer layer structure is made of steel plates; the coke pot inner layer is also called as a pouring layer, is made of refractory materials and is tightly attached to the outer layer, so that the defects of an interlayer between the inner layer and the outer layer and the inner layer from being tilted are overcome. The pouring layer materials of the cylindrical barrel body, the first inverted-circular-truncated-cone-shaped barrel body, the second inverted-circular-truncated-cone-shaped barrel body and the third inverted-circular-truncated-cone-shaped barrel body of the inner layer are different in density and thickness so as to adapt to impact strength and the like of different parts, and the manufacturing cost reaches a lower level when the service life reaches the design requirement.)

1. A preparation method of a maintenance-free dry quenching coke tank is characterized by comprising the following steps:

firstly, manufacturing an integral first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder (5) by using a steel plate;

secondly, an integral cylindrical barrel (1) is made of a steel plate, a plurality of first exhaust holes (10) are formed in the wall of the cylindrical barrel, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical barrel (1) is equal to that of the lower end opening of the first inverted frustum-shaped barrel (5);

making an integral second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder (8) by using a steel plate, wherein the inner diameter of the upper end opening of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder (8) is equal to that of the cylindrical cylinder (1) in the step two, and a plurality of second exhaust holes are formed in the upper part of the wall of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder;

fourthly, a plurality of metal plates (12) are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder body (8) in the circumferential direction, the bottom of each metal plate (12) in the height direction is connected with the inner surface of the bottom of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder body (8), one end face of each metal plate (12) in the length direction is connected with the outer surface of a metal support ring (13), each metal support ring (13) is arranged along the circumferential direction of the bottom of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder body (8), the bottom end face of each metal support ring (13) is connected with the bottom end of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder body (8), the upper end of each metal support ring (13) in the height direction is provided with an arc face ring (14) bent towards the other end of each metal plate (12) in the length direction, and the lower surface of each;

connecting the first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder body (5), the cylindrical cylinder body (1) and the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder body (8) in sequence to prepare an outer layer of the coke dry quenching tank;

sixthly, manufacturing a pouring layer on the inner wall of the outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank;

a. arranging a first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template (7) in the range from the bottom end of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder (8) to 400-plus 600 mm upwards, wherein the template is formed by splicing a plurality of fan-shaped plates, the first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template (7) is connected with the corresponding outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank by a plurality of anchoring parts, a first cavity (16) is arranged between the first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template (7) and the outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank, the cavity is annular, a first layer of refractory material is poured into the first cavity (16), and a first pouring layer (6) is obtained after the first layer of refractory material is poured and cured;

b. a second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template (18) is arranged in the range from the top of the bottom end of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder body (8) which is 400 mm upwards to the lower port of the cylindrical cylinder body, the template is formed by splicing a plurality of fan-shaped plates, the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template (18) is connected with the corresponding outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank by a plurality of anchoring parts, a second cavity (19) is arranged between the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template (18) and the outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank, the cavity is annular, a second refractory material is poured into the second cavity (19) after the first layer of refractory material is cured for 22-25 hours, the second layer of refractory material is cured after being poured, and a second pouring layer (20) is obtained after the second layer of refractory material is poured and cured;

c. arranging a circular ring-shaped template (21) in the range from the lower port of the cylindrical barrel body (1) to the upper port of the cylindrical barrel body (1), splicing a plurality of rectangular plates to form the circular ring-shaped template (21), connecting the circular ring-shaped template (21) with the outer layer of a corresponding dry quenching coke tank by using an anchoring part, arranging a third cavity (22) between the circular ring-shaped template (21) and the dry quenching coke tank, pouring a third refractory material in the third cavity (22) after curing a second layer of refractory material for 22-25 hours, curing the third refractory material after pouring, and obtaining a third pouring layer (23) after curing;

d. arranging a third inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template (24) in the range from the bottom end to the upper end of the first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder (5), splicing the third inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template (24) by adopting a plurality of fan-shaped plates, connecting the third inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template (24) with the outer layer of a corresponding dry quenching coke tank by adopting a plurality of anchoring parts, arranging a fourth cavity (25) between the third inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template (24) and the outer layer of the corresponding dry quenching coke tank, wherein the cavity is an annular cavity, pouring a fourth refractory material in the fourth cavity (25) after the third layer of refractory material is maintained for 22-25 hours, and obtaining a fourth pouring layer (26) after the maintenance for 22-25 hours;

seventhly, after 46 to 49 hours of the fourth pouring layer obtained in the step d, baking the pouring layer on the inner wall of the dry quenching coke tank at the low temperature of 350 ℃ for 11 hours;

eighthly, step seventhly, baking at a low temperature and then baking at a high temperature: heating to 200 ℃ within 1 hour, then heating to 400 ℃ within 4 hours, preserving heat for 1 hour at 400 ℃, then heating to 450 ℃ within 1 hour, preserving heat for 1 hour at 450 ℃, then heating to 500 ℃ within 1 hour, preserving heat for 1 hour at 500 ℃, then cooling to ambient temperature within 1 hour to obtain a casting layer of the dry quenched coke tank, and then installing an opening and closing gate (3) at the bottom end of the dry quenched coke tank to obtain the maintenance-free dry quenched coke tank.

2. The method for preparing a maintenance-free dry quenched coke tank of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: sixthly, the density of the dried first pouring layer (6) is 2.5g/cm³The thickness is 98-105 mm; the density of the second casting layer 20 and the third casting layer 23 after drying is 1.8-2gcm³The thickness is 90-100 mm; the density of the fourth casting layer 26 is 1.8-2gcm³The thickness is 60-70 mm.

3. The method for preparing the maintenance-free dry quenching coke tank as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first layer of refractory material in step a is composed of raw materials of, by weight, 37-42 parts of mullite, the particle size of the material is divided into 3 grades, wherein the particle size of 1-3 mm is 10-11 parts, the particle size of 3.1-5 mm is 9-10 parts, the particle size of 5.1-10 mm is 18-21 parts, bauxite 8-11 parts, the particle size of 0.1-3 mm, andalusite is 12-15 parts, mullite fine powder with the particle size of 0.1-3 mm is 15-18 parts, corundum powder is 7-9 parts, calcium aluminate cement is 8-10 parts, silicon micropowder is 2-3 parts, aluminum micropowder is 2-3 parts, steel fiber is 2-3 parts, sodium tripolyphosphate is 0.1-0.3 part, explosion-proof fiber is 0.1-0.2 part, and water is 6-12 parts.

4. The method for preparing a maintenance-free dry quenched coke tank of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: sixthly, the second refractory material, the third refractory material and the fourth refractory material are made of the same raw materials in parts by weight as follows: 53-58 parts of mullite, wherein the grain diameter is 5-10 mm and is 19-21 parts, the grain diameter is 3-4.9 mm and is 10-11 parts, the grain diameter is 0.1-2.9 mm and is 24-26 parts, 9-11 parts of andalusite, the grain diameter is 0.1-1 mm, 9-11 parts of mullite powder, 7-9 parts of flint clay powder, 10-14 parts of calcium aluminate cement, 3-7 parts of silica powder, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.1-0.2 part of explosion-proof fiber, 1.5-3.5 parts of steel fiber and 8-12 parts of water.

5. The method for preparing a maintenance-free dry quenched coke tank of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and step (c), heating to 150 ℃ within 2 hours, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, heating to 200 ℃ within 1 hour, keeping the temperature for 1 hour at 200 ℃, heating to 250 ℃ within 1 hour, keeping the temperature for 1 hour at 250 ℃, heating to 350 ℃ within 2 hours, keeping the temperature for 1 hour, and cooling to 50 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a dry quenching technology, in particular to a preparation method of a maintenance-free dry quenching coke tank.

Background

In the complete technical scheme of dry quenching, the coke tank is a component which has high use frequency, poor working environment and is easy to damage. The coke dry quenching tank consists of a straight cylinder section and a conical section, and the lower conical section of the conical section is also called a lower tank opening. The coke dry quenching tank is provided with an outer layer and an inner layer, wherein the outer layer is supported by a frame and is formed by splicing a plurality of steel plates into a cylindrical barrel and a conical barrel and connecting the cylindrical barrel and the conical barrel with the frame. The inner layer is made of steel plate, alloy or refractory composite material into small lining plates, a cylindrical barrel and a tapered barrel are spliced, and each lining plate is connected with the outer layer. The coke tank with the structure has the advantages that the maintenance is convenient, after a certain steel plate on the outer layer is deformed, a certain steel plate is directly replaced, and the large-area replacement is not needed. When the multiple lining plates on the inner layer are maintained, the advantage of strong pertinence is also provided, waste is avoided, and the lining plates can be replaced. However, the defects of the coke pot with the structure are as follows: the coke dry quenching machine has the advantages that the replacement and maintenance are frequent, particularly when the bottom of a coke tank works, an operator works at a high temperature, the operation requirement speed is high, the influence on production is avoided, meanwhile, the working time at the high temperature is long, the body is uncomfortable, when a lower tank opening lining plate of the structure is attached to the inner wall of an outer conical cylinder, an interlayer and a tilting phenomenon easily occur, the impact force of red coke is high when the red coke falls at a high place, the lining plate is easy to break under the impact of high temperature and high force, if the lining plate is not maintained in time, the outer steel plate of the outer layer is easy to wear or deform, the outer layer of the coke tank is frequently changed, the stability and the continuity of the overall dry quenching production are influenced, and the. The service life of the outer layer of the coke tank with the structure is about 12 months generally, and the service life of the inner layer is about 4 months generally.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a maintenance-free coke dry quenching tank, which comprehensively improves the integral structure of the coke dry quenching tank and achieves the purpose of maintenance-free in service life.

The invention relates to a maintenance-free preparation method of a dry quenching coke tank, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, manufacturing an integral first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 5 by using a steel plate;

secondly, an integral cylindrical barrel 1 is made of a steel plate, a plurality of first exhaust holes are formed in the wall of the cylindrical barrel, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical barrel 1 is equal to that of the lower port of the first inverted frustum-shaped barrel 5;

making an integral second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder body 8 by using a steel plate, wherein the inner diameter of the upper end opening of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder body 8 is equal to that of the cylindrical cylinder body 1 in the step II, and a plurality of second exhaust holes 4 are formed in the upper part of the wall of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder body;

fourthly, a plurality of metal plates 12 are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 8 in the circumferential direction, the bottom of each metal plate 12 in the height direction is connected with the inner surface of the bottom of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 8, one end face of each metal plate 12 in the length direction is connected with the outer surface of a metal support ring 13, the metal support rings 13 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the bottom of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder, the bottom end face of each metal support ring 13 is connected with the bottom end of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 8, the upper ends of the metal support rings 13 in the height direction are provided with cambered rings 14 bent towards the other ends of the metal plates 12 in the length direction, and the lower surfaces of;

connecting the first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 5, the cylindrical cylinder 1 and the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 8 in sequence to prepare an outer layer of the coke dry quenching tank;

sixthly, manufacturing a pouring layer on the inner wall of the outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank;

a. arranging a first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 7 in the range from the bottom end of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 8 to 400-inch distance upwards, wherein the template is formed by splicing a plurality of sector plates, the first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 7 is connected with the corresponding outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank by a plurality of anchoring parts, a first cavity 16 is arranged between the first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 7 and the outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank, the cavity is annular, a first layer of refractory material is poured into the first cavity 16, and a first pouring layer 6 is obtained after the first layer of refractory material is poured and maintained;

b. arranging a second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 18 in the range from the top of the bottom end of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 8 upwards 400 millimeters to the lower port of the cylindrical cylinder, splicing the template by a plurality of fan-shaped plates, connecting the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 18 with the corresponding outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank by a plurality of anchoring parts, arranging a second cavity 19 between the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 18 and the outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank, wherein the cavity is annular, pouring a second refractory material in the second cavity 19 after the first layer of refractory material is cured for 22-25 hours, curing the second layer of refractory material after pouring, and obtaining a second pouring layer 20 after the second layer of refractory material is cured;

c. arranging a circular ring-shaped template 21 in the range from the lower port of the cylindrical barrel 1 to the upper port of the cylindrical barrel 1, wherein the template is formed by splicing a plurality of rectangular plates, the circular ring-shaped template 21 is connected with the outer layer of a corresponding dry quenching coke tank by using an anchoring part, a third cavity 22 is arranged between the circular ring-shaped template 21 and the dry quenching coke tank, a third refractory material is poured into the third cavity 22 after a second layer of refractory material is cured for 22-25 hours, the third refractory material is cured after being poured, and a third pouring layer 23 is obtained after the curing;

d. arranging a third inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 24 in the range from the bottom end to the upper end of the first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 5, splicing the third inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 24 by adopting a plurality of sector plates, connecting the third inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 24 with the corresponding outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank by adopting a plurality of anchoring parts, arranging a fourth cavity 25 between the third inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 24 and the corresponding outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank, wherein the cavity is an annular cavity, pouring a fourth refractory material in the fourth cavity 25 after the third refractory material is maintained for 22-25 hours, and obtaining a fourth pouring layer 26 after the maintenance for 22-25 hours;

seventhly, after 46 to 49 hours of the fourth pouring layer obtained in the step d, baking the pouring layer on the inner wall of the dry quenching coke tank at the low temperature of 350 ℃ for 11 hours;

eighthly, step seventhly, baking at a low temperature and then baking at a high temperature: heating to 200 ℃ within 1 hour, then heating to 400 ℃ within 4 hours, preserving heat for 1 hour at 400 ℃, then heating to 450 ℃ within 1 hour, preserving heat for 1 hour at 450 ℃, then heating to 500 ℃ within 1 hour, preserving heat for 1 hour at 500 ℃, then cooling to ambient temperature within 1 hour to obtain a casting layer of the dry quenched coke tank, and then installing an opening and closing gate 3 at the bottom end of the dry quenched coke tank to obtain the maintenance-free dry quenched coke tank.

Sixthly, the density of the dried first pouring layer 6 is 2.5g/cm³The thickness is 98-105 mm; the density of the second casting layer 20 and the third casting layer 23 after drying is 1.8-2g/cm³The thickness is 90-100 mm; the density of the fourth casting layer 26 is 1.8-2g/cm³The thickness is 60-70 mm.

The first layer of the refractory material in the step a is composed of, by weight, 37-42 parts of mullite, wherein the grain size of the mullite is divided into 3 grades, 10-11 parts of 1-3 mm, 9-10 parts of 3.1-5 mm, 18-21 parts of 5.1-10 mm, 8-11 parts of bauxite, 0.1-3 mm, 12-15 parts of andalusite, 15-18 parts of mullite fine powder, 7-9 parts of corundum powder, 8-10 parts of calcium aluminate cement, 2-3 parts of silica micropowder, 2-3 parts of aluminum micropowder, 2-3 parts of steel fiber, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.1-0.2 part of explosion-proof fiber and 6-12 parts of water.

Sixthly, the second refractory material, the third refractory material and the fourth refractory material are made of the same raw materials in parts by weight as follows: 53-58 parts of mullite, wherein the grain diameter is 5-10 mm and is 19-21 parts, the grain diameter is 3-4.9 mm and is 10-11 parts, the grain diameter is 0.1-2.9 mm and is 24-26 parts, 9-11 parts of andalusite, the grain diameter is 0.1-1 mm, 9-11 parts of mullite powder, 7-9 parts of flint clay powder, 10-14 parts of calcium aluminate cement, 3-7 parts of silica powder, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.1-0.2 part of explosion-proof fiber, 1.5-3.5 parts of steel fiber and 8-12 parts of water.

And step (c), heating to 150 ℃ within 2 hours, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, heating to 200 ℃ within 1 hour, keeping the temperature for 1 hour at 200 ℃, heating to 250 ℃ within 1 hour, keeping the temperature for 1 hour at 250 ℃, heating to 350 ℃ within 2 hours, keeping the temperature for 1 hour, and cooling to 50 ℃.

The coke pot prepared by the method of the invention shows in trial areas that the service life of the outer layer of the coke pot is not required to be maintained, the service life of the outer layer of the coke pot is prolonged by about 3 times compared with the prior art, the cylindrical barrel in the outer layer structure is an integral structure, the inverted frustum-shaped barrel part is also an integral structure, the cylindrical barrel and the inverted frustum-shaped barrel are connected into an integral structure, a supporting frame is not required, and the outer layer structure is made of steel plates; the coke pot inner layer is also called as a pouring layer, is made of refractory materials and is tightly attached to the outer layer, so that the defects of an interlayer between the inner layer and the outer layer and the inner layer from being tilted are overcome. The pouring layer materials of the cylindrical barrel body, the first inverted-circular-truncated-cone-shaped barrel body, the second inverted-circular-truncated-cone-shaped barrel body and the third inverted-circular-truncated-cone-shaped barrel body of the inner layer are different in density and thickness so as to adapt to impact strength and the like of different parts, and the manufacturing cost reaches a lower level when the service life reaches the design requirement.

Because the three-dimensional supporting belt structure for enhancing the strength of the first inverted-truncated-cone-shaped cylinder body (also called the lower tank opening) is designed at the position, the service life of the tank opening is prolonged by about 5 times compared with the prior art after the coke tank is used for trial, and the maintenance is not needed in the service life. The coke dry quenching tank prepared by the method also has the advantages of no gap of a casting layer, no fracture of a lower tank opening and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a coke dry quenching tank prepared by the method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view from above of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an enlarged structural view of part I of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a mold plate and an outer layer in the manufacturing process of the method of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 cylindrical cylinder, 2 bolt, 3 open-close gate, 4 second vent hole, 5 first inverted circular truncated cone cylinder, 6 first casting layer, 7 first inverted circular truncated cone template, 8 second inverted circular truncated cone cylinder, 9 third vent hole, 10 first vent hole, 11 fourth vent hole, 12 metal plate, 13 metal plate, support ring, 14 arc surface, 16 first cavity, 17 bolt, 18 second inverted circular truncated cone template, 19 second cavity, 20 second casting layer, 21 circular template, 22 third cavity, 23 third casting layer, 24 third inverted circular truncated cone template, 25 fourth cavity, 26 fourth casting layer

Detailed Description

The invention relates to a preparation method of a maintenance-free dry quenching coke tank, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, manufacturing an integral first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 5 by using a steel plate;

secondly, an integral cylindrical barrel 1 is made of a steel plate, a plurality of first exhaust holes are formed in the wall of the cylindrical barrel, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical barrel 1 is equal to that of the lower port of the first inverted frustum-shaped barrel 5;

making an integral second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder body 8 by using a steel plate, wherein the inner diameter of the upper end opening of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder body 8 is equal to that of the cylindrical cylinder body 1 in the step II, and a plurality of second exhaust holes 4 are formed in the upper part of the wall of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder body;

fourthly, a plurality of metal plates 12 are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 8 in the circumferential direction, the bottom of each metal plate 12 in the height direction is connected with the inner surface of the bottom of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 8, one end face of each metal plate 12 in the length direction is connected with the outer surface of a metal support ring 13, the metal support rings 13 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the bottom of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder, the bottom end face of each metal support ring 13 is connected with the bottom end of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 8, the upper ends of the metal support rings 13 in the height direction are provided with cambered rings 14 bent towards the other ends of the metal plates 12 in the length direction, and the lower surfaces of;

connecting the first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 5, the cylindrical cylinder 1 and the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 8 in sequence to prepare an outer layer of the coke dry quenching tank;

sixthly, manufacturing a pouring layer on the inner wall of the outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank;

a. arranging a first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 7 in the range from the bottom end of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 8 to 400-inch distance upwards, wherein the template is formed by splicing a plurality of sector plates, the first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 7 is connected with the corresponding outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank by a plurality of anchoring parts, a first cavity 16 is arranged between the first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 7 and the outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank, the cavity is annular, a first layer of refractory material is poured into the first cavity 16, and a first pouring layer 6 is obtained after the first layer of refractory material is poured and maintained;

b. arranging a second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 18 in the range from the top of 400 millimeters upwards from the bottom end of the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 8 to the lower port of the cylindrical cylinder, splicing the template by adopting a plurality of fan-shaped plates, connecting the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 18 with the corresponding outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank by adopting a plurality of anchoring parts, arranging a second cavity 19 between the second inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 18 and the outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank, pouring a second refractory material in the second cavity 19 after the first layer of refractory material is cured for 22-25 hours, curing the second layer of refractory material after pouring, and obtaining a second pouring layer 20 after the second layer of refractory material is cured;

c. arranging a circular ring-shaped template 21 in the range from the lower port of the cylindrical barrel 1 to the upper port of the cylindrical barrel 1, wherein the template is formed by splicing a plurality of rectangular plates, the circular ring-shaped template 21 is connected with the outer layer of a corresponding dry quenching coke tank by using an anchoring part, a third cavity 22 is arranged between the circular ring-shaped template 21 and the dry quenching coke tank, a third refractory material is poured into the third cavity 22 after a second layer of refractory material is cured for 22-25 hours, the third refractory material is cured after being poured, and a third pouring layer 23 is obtained after the curing;

d. arranging a third inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 24 from the bottom end to the upper end of the first inverted circular truncated cone-shaped cylinder 5, splicing the third inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 24 by adopting a plurality of sector plates, connecting the third inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 24 with the corresponding outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank by adopting a plurality of anchoring pieces, arranging a fourth cavity 25 between the third inverted circular truncated cone-shaped template 24 and the corresponding outer layer of the dry quenching coke tank, wherein the cavity is an annular cavity, pouring a fourth refractory material into the fourth cavity 25 after the third refractory material is maintained for 22-25 hours, and obtaining a fourth pouring layer 26 after the maintenance for 22-25 hours;

seventhly, after 46 to 49 hours of the fourth pouring layer obtained in the step d, baking the pouring layer on the inner wall of the dry quenching coke tank at the low temperature of 350 ℃ for 11 hours;

eighthly, step seventhly, baking at a low temperature and then baking at a high temperature: heating to 200 ℃ within 1 hour, then heating to 400 ℃ within 4 hours, preserving heat for 1 hour at 400 ℃, then heating to 450 ℃ within 1 hour, preserving heat for 1 hour at 450 ℃, then heating to 500 ℃ within 1 hour, preserving heat for 1 hour at 500 ℃, then cooling to ambient temperature within 1 hour to obtain a casting layer of the dry quenched coke tank, and then installing an opening and closing gate 3 at the bottom end of the dry quenched coke tank to obtain the maintenance-free dry quenched coke tank.

In the method of the invention, the length of the metal plate 12 is 150-400 mm, the height is 98-105 mm, the thickness of the metal plate 12 is 3-8 mm, and the distance between every two metal plates 12 is 10-15 cm. The inner diameter of the metal ring 13 is equal to or 1-5 mm larger than the inner diameter of the small-diameter end of the second inverted circular truncated cone. The height of the metal ring 13 is 98-105 mm, and the metal ring 13 is made of steel with the thickness of 3-6 mm. The cambered ring 14 is made of 3-6 mm steel, and the cambered ring 14 is preferably made of an integral material bent with the metal ring 13. The connection length of the arc surface ring 14 and the metal plate 12 is 150-400 mm. The metal plate 12, the metal ring 13 and the cambered surface ring 14 form a wear-resistant and impact-resistant high-strength three-dimensional support belt, so that the impact resistance of the lower tank opening is greatly improved, wherein the radian of the cambered surface ring 14 is the same as that of the corresponding outer layer of the coke tank. The first pouring layer of protection that the three-dimensional support area can also be better in burnt jar initial stage of use makes first pouring layer when not reaching sintering strength, and the red burnt striking that better resists the eminence whereabouts and the wearing and tearing when unloading burnt guarantee down jar mouth maintenance-free in life, reach stable, continuous production's requirement.

The thickness of the outer layer of the coke tank in the method is 8-10 mm, the heating temperature of the outer layer of the coke tank is below 230 ℃ in use, and is reduced by about 2 times compared with the heating temperature of the outer layer of the conventional coke tank, so that the outer layer of the coke tank is not easy to deform, and the service life is greatly prolonged.

In the method, the first pouring layer is arranged in the range of 400-600 mm upwards from the bottom end of the second inverted-circular-truncated-cone-shaped cylinder body 8, and is also called as a lower coke tank opening. The first pouring layer resists high temperature of about 1200 ℃, the red coke falls and resists impact, meanwhile, the heat conductivity is lower, and the outer layer of the coke tank is protected from high-temperature erosion. The second pouring layer, the third pouring layer and the fourth pouring layer can resist high temperature of about 1000 ℃, and the outer layers of the corresponding coke tanks are protected from high-temperature erosion.

The first exhaust holes 10 arranged on the cylindrical barrel wall are preferably arranged in 3 rows from top to bottom, and are uniformly distributed along the periphery of the barrel wall as shown in the figure, the lower exhaust holes are positioned between the two exhaust holes in the upper row, so that the moisture on the inner wall of the coke tank is uniformly discharged in time at the initial use stage of the coke tank, and the peeling phenomenon of a pouring layer on the inner wall of the coke tank is avoided.

The low-temperature baking, the high-temperature baking, the selected temperature, the heating speed and the heat preservation time thoroughly solve the defects of cracks, bursting and the like of the coke tank casting layer caused by improper baking, so that the coke tank casting layer has no problems of cracks, bursting and the like, and further ensure that the aim of maintenance-free can be achieved within the service life.

The method comprises the steps of low-temperature baking and high-temperature baking, wherein during baking, the top end of the coke tank is covered with a coke tank cover, the coke tank cover is provided with a smoke exhaust channel, and the smoke exhaust channel is closed during heat preservation.

The refractory material selected in the method forms the pouring layer, so that the strength is high, the volume density is high, lubrication can be formed in the pouring layer, the toughness of the pouring layer is improved, and the service life of the pouring layer is further prolonged. The coke pot casting layer prepared by the method has the advantages of no crack, no peeling, good heat-resistant stability, high strength and the like.

The opening and closing gate structure at the bottom end of the lower tank opening and the installation method thereof in the method are the prior art.

In the method of the invention, the density of the dried first casting layer 6 is 2.5g/cm³The thickness is 98-105 mm; the density of the second casting layer 20 and the third casting layer 23 after drying is 1.8-2gcm³The thickness is 90-100 mm; the density of the fourth casting layer 26 is 1.8-2gcm³The thickness is 60-70 mm. The pouring layer with different densities can resist high heat and impact according to different use conditions, and achieves the purpose of better reducing cost on the premise of further prolonging the service life of the coke tank.

The preferable scheme in the method is that the first layer of the refractory material in the step a is composed of, by weight, 37-42 parts of mullite, the grain size of which is classified into 3 grades, wherein the grain size of 1-3 mm is 10-11 parts, the grain size of 3.1-5 mm is 9-10 parts, the grain size of 5.1-10 mm is 18-21 parts, 8-11 parts of bauxite, 0.1-3 mm, 12-15 parts of andalusite, 15-18 parts of mullite fine powder with the grain size of 0.1-3 mm, 7-9 parts of corundum powder, 8-10 parts of calcium aluminate cement, 2-3 parts of silica micropowder, 2-3 parts of aluminum micropowder, 2-3 parts of steel fiber, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.1-0.2 part of explosion-proof fiber and 6-12 parts of water.

Preferably, the second refractory material, the third refractory material and the fourth refractory material are made of the same raw materials in parts by weight as follows: 53-58 parts of mullite, wherein the grain diameter is 5-10 mm and is 19-21 parts, the grain diameter is 3-4.9 mm and is 10-11 parts, the grain diameter is 0.1-2.9 mm and is 24-26 parts, 9-11 parts of andalusite, the grain diameter is 0.1-1 mm, 9-11 parts of mullite powder, 7-9 parts of flint clay powder, 10-14 parts of calcium aluminate cement, 3-7 parts of silica powder, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.1-0.2 part of explosion-proof fiber, 1.5-3.5 parts of steel fiber and 8-12 parts of water.

Preferably, the low-temperature baking in step (c) is heating to 150 ℃ within 2 hours, heating to 200 ℃ within 1 hour after 2 hours of heat preservation, heating to 250 ℃ within 1 hour after 1 hour of heat preservation at 200 ℃, heating to 350 ℃ within 2 hours after 1 hour of heat preservation at 250 ℃, heat preservation for 1 hour, and cooling to 50 ℃. The heat can slowly and uniformly penetrate through the pouring layer, so that various materials are mutually compatible and can be firmly combined at high temperature.

The first layer of refractory material according to the method of the invention may be in various combinations:

37 parts of mullite, wherein the grain size of the mullite is divided into 3 grades, 10 parts of 1-3 mm, 9 parts of 3.1-5 mm, 18 parts of 5.1-10 mm, 8 parts of bauxite, 0.1-3 mm, 12 parts of andalusite, 15 parts of mullite fine powder with the grain size of 0.1-3 mm, 7 parts of corundum powder, 8 parts of calcium aluminate cement, 2 parts of silica micropowder, 2 parts of aluminum micropowder, 2 parts of steel fiber, 0.1 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.1 part of explosion-proof fiber and 6 parts of water;

42 parts of mullite, the grain size of which is divided into 3 grades, wherein the grain size of 1-3 mm is 11 parts, the grain size of 3.1-5 mm is 10 parts, the grain size of 5.1-10 mm is 21 parts, 11 parts of bauxite, the grain size of 0.1-3 mm, 15 parts of andalusite, 18 parts of mullite fine powder with the grain size of 0.1-3 mm, 9 parts of corundum powder, 10 parts of calcium aluminate cement, 3 parts of silica micropowder, 3 parts of aluminum micropowder, 3 parts of steel fiber, 0.3 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.2 part of explosion-proof fiber and 12 parts of water;

40 parts of mullite, the grain size of which is divided into 3 grades, wherein the grain size of 1-3 mm is 10.5 parts, the grain size of 3.1-5 mm is 9.5 parts, the grain size of 5.1-10 mm is 20 parts, 10 parts of bauxite, the grain size of 0.1-3 mm, 13 parts of andalusite, 17 parts of mullite fine powder with the grain size of 0.1-3 mm, 8 parts of corundum powder, 9 parts of calcium aluminate cement, 2.5 parts of silica micropowder, 2.5 parts of aluminum micropowder, 2.5 parts of steel fiber, 0.2 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.15 part of explosion-proof fiber and 9 parts of water.

The second, third and fourth refractory materials of the method of the present invention may be in various combinations of:

53 parts of mullite, wherein the grain diameter is 19 parts of 5-10 mm, the grain diameter is 10 parts of 3-4.9 mm, the grain diameter is 24 parts of 0.1-2.9 mm, 9 parts of andalusite, the grain diameter is 0.1-1 mm, 9 parts of mullite powder, 7 parts of flint clay powder, 10 parts of calcium aluminate cement, 3 parts of silicon micropowder, 0.1 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.1 part of explosion-proof fiber, 1.5 parts of steel fiber and 8 parts of water;

58 parts of mullite, wherein the grain diameter is 21 parts to 5 mm, the grain diameter is 11 parts to 3 mm, 4.9 mm, the grain diameter is 26 parts to 0.1 mm, 2.9 mm, the andalusite is 11 parts, the grain diameter is 0.1 mm, 1 mm, 11 parts of mullite powder, 9 parts of flint clay powder, 14 parts of calcium aluminate cement, 7 parts of silica micropowder, 0.3 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.2 part of explosion-proof fiber, 3.5 parts of steel fiber and 12 parts of water;

55 parts of mullite, wherein the grain diameter is 20 parts of 5-10 mm, the grain diameter is 10.5 parts of 3-4.9 mm, the grain diameter is 25 parts of 0.1-2.9 mm, 10 parts of andalusite, the grain diameter is 0.1-1 mm, 10 parts of mullite powder, 8 parts of flint clay powder, 12 parts of calcium aluminate cement, 5 parts of silica micropowder, 0.2 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.15 part of explosion-proof fiber, 2.5 parts of steel fiber and 10 parts of water.

The coke dry quenching tank prepared by the method does not need maintenance in the service life, thoroughly solves various defects caused by frequent maintenance of the coke tank, and particularly solves the problems of stability and continuity of the operation of the whole system caused by the maintenance stop.