阅读说明：本技术 一步电沉积法制备超疏水和自清洁复合功能膜层的方法 (Method for preparing super-hydrophobic and self-cleaning composite functional film by one-step electrodeposition method ) 是由 温玉清 李家平 尚伟 梁雪雪 于 2019-08-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一步电沉积法制备超疏水和自清洁复合功能膜层的方法。首先通过打磨,除油等操作处理铝合金试样,配制含10~40g/L硝酸铈、10~30g/L月桂酸和0.1~1g/L石墨烯的乙醇溶液,置于超声机内超声至石墨烯分散均匀,制得沉积液,将处理后的铝合金试样连接至直流电源的负极,铂金电极连接至直流电源正极,两电极间距离1~10cm,设置沉积电压为10~30V,沉积时间为1~20min,然后开始电沉积,沉积结束后,将铝合金试样取下,用无水乙醇清洗后放入烘箱烘干,即在铝合金试样表面制得超疏水和自清洁复合功能膜层。本发明方法制备工艺绿色环保,操作简单,且所制备膜层具有高稳定的超疏水和自清洁复合性能。(The invention discloses a method for preparing a super-hydrophobic and self-cleaning composite functional film layer by a one-step electrodeposition method, which comprises the steps of firstly processing an aluminum alloy sample by operations of polishing, oil removal and the like, preparing an ethanol solution containing 10 ~ g/L cerium nitrate, 10 ~ g/L lauric acid and 0.1 ~ g/L graphene, placing the ethanol solution in an ultrasonic machine for ultrasonic treatment until the graphene is uniformly dispersed to prepare a deposition solution, connecting the processed aluminum alloy sample to the negative electrode of a direct-current power supply, connecting a platinum electrode to the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply, setting the deposition voltage to be 10 ~ V and the deposition time to be 1 ~ min, then starting electrodeposition, taking down the aluminum alloy sample after the deposition is finished, cleaning the aluminum alloy sample by absolute ethyl alcohol, and then placing the aluminum alloy sample into an oven for drying, namely preparing the super-hydrophobic and self-cleaning composite functional film layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy sample.)

1. A method for preparing a super-hydrophobic and self-cleaning composite functional film by a one-step electrodeposition method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

(1) cutting a 6061 aluminum alloy substrate into samples with the size of 30mm multiplied by 40mm multiplied by 2mm, sequentially polishing the samples by using water-resistant SiC abrasive paper with the sand granularity of 600#, 800#, 1200# and 1500#, washing the samples by using distilled water, removing oil in deoiling liquid at 60 ~ 100 ℃ for 1 ~ 10min, finally performing ultrasonic cleaning on the samples by using a mixed liquid of ethanol and deionized water for 10min, and drying the samples to obtain the processed aluminum alloy samples;

(2) preparing an ethanol solution containing 10 ~ 40g/L cerium nitrate, 10 ~ 30g/L lauric acid and 0.1 ~ 1g/L graphene, and placing the ethanol solution in an ultrasonic machine for ultrasonic treatment until the graphene is uniformly dispersed to prepare a deposition solution;

(3) pouring the deposition solution prepared in the step (2) into an electrolytic bath, connecting the treated aluminum alloy sample obtained in the step (1) to the negative electrode of a direct-current power supply, connecting a platinum electrode to the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply, setting the deposition voltage to be 10 ~ V and the deposition time to be 1 ~ min, then starting electrodeposition, taking down the aluminum alloy sample after the deposition is finished, cleaning the aluminum alloy sample with absolute ethyl alcohol, and then putting the aluminum alloy sample into an oven for drying, namely preparing a superhydrophobic and self-cleaning composite functional film layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy sample;

the deoiling liquid contains 10 ~ 50g/L sodium phosphate and 5 ~ 20g/L sodium silicate.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy super-hydrophobic surface research, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a super-hydrophobic and self-cleaning composite functional film layer by a one-step electrodeposition method.

Background

The super-hydrophobic surface refers to a surface with a water static contact angle of more than 150 degrees, and the phenomenon is inspired by lotus leaves. The non-wettability of the solid surface has great significance in the fields of corrosion prevention, high-end manufacturing and the like. Aluminum and aluminum alloy products have unique advantages that make them very useful in a wide variety of applications, particularly in mobile equipment, aircraft manufacturing, and the like in recent years. The artificial establishment of the super-hydrophobic surface usually comprises the steps of constructing a microscopic nano structure, and then covering a layer of low-surface-energy substance on the surface of a material, wherein the main methods comprise a template method, a molecular self-assembly method, an etching method, a sol-gel method, a deposition method and the like. Graphene is a novel carbonaceous material with a single-layer carbon atom thickness and a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice structure arrangement, and can effectively block corrosive media. In the method, the mixed solution of lauric acid and graphene is used for preparing the super-hydrophobic film on the surface of the aluminum alloy by adopting a one-step electrodeposition method, so that the super-hydrophobic film has excellent corrosion resistance, can show high stability of the super-hydrophobic film in a complex environment, and has good application prospects in the fields of aerospace, new materials, electric power, electronics, new energy and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a super-hydrophobic and self-cleaning composite functional film by a one-step electrodeposition method.

The method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) cutting a 6061 aluminum alloy substrate into samples with the size of 30mm multiplied by 40mm multiplied by 2mm, sequentially polishing the samples by using water-resistant SiC abrasive paper with the sand granularity of 600#, 800#, 1200# and 1500#, washing the samples by using distilled water, removing oil in deoiling liquid at 60 ~ 100 ℃ for 1 ~ 10min, finally performing ultrasonic cleaning on the samples by using a mixed liquid of ethanol and deionized water for 10min, and drying the samples to obtain the treated aluminum alloy samples.

(2) Preparing an ethanol solution containing 10 ~ 40g/L cerium nitrate, 10 ~ 30g/L lauric acid and 0.1 ~ 1g/L graphene, and placing the ethanol solution in an ultrasonic machine for ultrasonic treatment until the graphene is uniformly dispersed to prepare a deposition solution.

(3) Pouring the deposition solution prepared in the step (2) into an electrolytic bath, connecting the treated aluminum alloy sample obtained in the step (1) to the negative electrode of a direct-current power supply, connecting a platinum electrode to the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply, setting the deposition voltage to be 10 ~ V and the deposition time to be 1 ~ min, then starting electrodeposition, taking down the aluminum alloy sample after the deposition is finished, cleaning the aluminum alloy sample with absolute ethyl alcohol, and then putting the aluminum alloy sample into an oven for drying, thus preparing the superhydrophobic and self-cleaning composite functional film layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy sample.

The deoiling liquid contains 10 ~ 50g/L sodium phosphate and 5 ~ 20g/L sodium silicate.

The preparation method disclosed by the invention is environment-friendly in preparation process and simple to operate, and the prepared film has high-stability super-hydrophobic and self-cleaning composite properties.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an SEM image and a contact angle image of lauric acid and a lauric acid/graphene composite functional film layer in the example of the present invention (fig. a is a lauric acid self-assembled film SEM, fig. B is a lauric acid/graphene composite functional film layer SEM, fig. C is an enlarged view SEM of a lauric acid self-assembled film, and fig. D is a contact angle test chart (120 °)) of a lauric acid/graphene composite functional film layer.

FIG. 2 is an infrared spectrum and a Raman spectrum of the composite functional film prepared in the example of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an electrochemical impedance diagram and polarization curve of the composite functional film layer prepared in the example of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a time-lapse snapshot of the self-cleaning test of the composite functional film layer prepared in the embodiment of the present invention under different temperature and pH environments (fig. a: 25 ° pH = 7; fig. B: 25 ° pH = 3; fig. C: 25 ° pH = 10; fig. D: 100 ° pH = 7).

Detailed Description