阅读说明：本技术 一种新型高功率密度爪极永磁电机 (Novel high-power-density claw pole permanent magnet motor ) 是由 刘成成 王东阳 汪友华 于 2019-10-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明为一种新型高功率密度爪极永磁电机,由多个爪极电机模块组成,相邻两个爪极电机模块之间沿轴向侧偏移特定角度,每个爪极电机模块包括具有前后爪极的定子铁心、异型电枢绕组、永磁体、转子铁心；所述异型电枢绕组采用全局环型绕组结构,形状沿周向为S曲线形；所述定子铁心具有圆环状的定子轭,定子轭的环形圆周的前后端面上交错分布有多个轭壁,多个轭壁沿圆周方向在其所在定子轭端面上均匀分布；每个轭壁上均连接有一个爪极,相邻的前爪极和后爪极的爪部相对；多个爪极及定子轭围成容纳异型电枢绕组的定子空腔；所述转子铁心与爪极相邻的圆环侧面上,沿圆周方向均匀分布有多个永磁体。能在保证其可靠性的前提下减轻机体重量。(The invention relates to a novel high-power-density claw-pole permanent magnet motor which consists of a plurality of claw-pole motor modules, wherein two adjacent claw-pole motor modules are deviated by a specific angle along the axial side; the special-shaped armature winding adopts a global annular winding structure, and is S-shaped in the circumferential direction; the stator core is provided with an annular stator yoke, a plurality of yoke walls are distributed on the front end face and the rear end face of the annular circumference of the stator yoke in a staggered manner, and the plurality of yoke walls are uniformly distributed on the end face of the stator yoke where the plurality of yoke walls are located along the circumferential direction; each yoke wall is connected with a claw pole, and claw parts of adjacent front claw poles and rear claw poles are opposite; a stator cavity for accommodating the special-shaped armature winding is formed by the plurality of claw poles and the stator yoke in a surrounding manner; and a plurality of permanent magnets are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the ring of the rotor core adjacent to the claw pole along the circumferential direction. The weight of the machine body can be reduced on the premise of ensuring the reliability of the machine body.)

1. A novel high-power-density claw-pole permanent magnet motor is composed of a plurality of claw-pole motor modules, wherein two adjacent claw-pole motor modules are offset by a specific angle along the axial side, and each claw-pole motor module is of a single-stator and single-rotor structure and comprises a stator core with front and rear claw poles, a special-shaped armature winding, a permanent magnet and a rotor core; the stator iron core and the special-shaped armature winding jointly form a stator, and the stator is characterized in that:

The special-shaped armature winding adopts a global annular winding structure, is S-shaped in the circumferential direction and is annular as a whole; the stator core is provided with an annular stator yoke, a plurality of yoke walls are distributed on the front end face and the rear end face of the annular circumference of the stator yoke in a staggered manner, and the plurality of yoke walls are uniformly distributed on the end face of the stator yoke where the plurality of yoke walls are located along the circumferential direction; each yoke wall is connected with a claw pole, and claw parts of adjacent front claw poles and rear claw poles are opposite; a stator cavity for accommodating the special-shaped armature winding is formed by the plurality of claw poles and the stator yoke in a surrounding manner;

A plurality of permanent magnets are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the ring of the rotor core adjacent to the claw pole along the circumferential direction; the permanent magnets are magnetized along the circumferential direction of the motor, the magnetizing directions of the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite, the number of the permanent magnets is the same as that of claw poles on the stator iron core, and the permanent magnets and the stator iron core are opposite in position.

2. A machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the stator core is provided with recesses in the stator yoke between two adjacent yoke walls, the recesses in the front end face being situated opposite the claw poles in the rear end face.

3. The machine of claim 2, wherein the shape of the groove is semi-circular, semi-elliptical or polygonal.

4. The motor of claim 1, wherein the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet motor is an inner rotor motor or an outer rotor motor, when the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet motor is an inner rotor motor, the inner diameter of a rotor core is fixed with a motor shaft, a plurality of permanent magnets are uniformly arranged on the circumferential side surface of the outer diameter, and a stator core is sleeved on the outer diameter of the rotor core; when the motor is an outer rotor motor, a plurality of permanent magnets are uniformly distributed on the circumferential side surface of the inner diameter of a rotor core and sleeved on a stator core, a through hole is formed in the center of the stator core and used for axial positioning when a plurality of claw pole motor modules are installed, and the outer diameter of the rotor core is fixed with a motor shaft.

5. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet has a circular trapezoid shape, and a length of the permanent magnet is identical to an axial length of the rotor core and is larger than an area of the claw portion of the claw pole.

6. The electric motor of claim 1, wherein the stator core comprises two identical annular stator yokes, each having a plurality of yoke walls uniformly disposed on an outer end surface thereof, wherein the ends of the two identical annular stator yokes without the yoke walls are fixed together, and wherein the yoke walls on each of the annular stator yokes are staggered after the fixing.

7. An electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor core is made of silicon steel sheet or soft magnetic composite material.

8. The machine of claim 1 wherein the angular offset between the individual modules of each claw pole machine is 360 °/N _p m, where N _p is the pole pair number and m is the phase number.

9. The motor of claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is made of ferrite material or neodymium iron boron material; the stator core is made of SMC stator core modules.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of transverse flux permanent magnet motors, in particular to a novel high-power-density claw pole permanent magnet motor.

Background

A transverse flux permanent magnet motor is a new motor that has been developed in recent years, and has a higher power density in the case where both the axial length and the radial length are relatively large, compared to an axial flux motor and a radial flux motor. The claw-pole permanent magnet motor is a special case of a transverse flux motor, is widely applied to various fields, such as the field of automobile industry and the field of aerospace, and has better performance because the claw-pole permanent magnet motor better utilizes a space three-dimensional magnetic field compared with the traditional motor. And with the development of novel materials and manufacturing processes, the claw pole motor is easy to manufacture, the manufacturing cost is continuously reduced, and the operation reliability is improved.

However, the conventional claw-pole motor is not perfect in structure, and the conventional claw-pole motor mostly adopts a linear annular winding structure, so that the utilization rate of a cavity of a stator slot is low, the space of the claw-pole motor is not fully utilized, and the performance of the claw-pole motor has a further enhanced space. In the aspect of a stator structure, a stator core structure of a traditional claw-pole motor is not complete enough, and when the claw-pole motor is used in a partial field (such as the situation that the weight and the cost of the motor are required), the problems of heavy weight, high cost and the like can be caused, and the incomplete stator structure can also cause large iron loss and is not easy to provide higher power.

Therefore, it is an important issue to solve the problems of heavy weight, high cost and low efficiency while optimizing the performance of the claw-pole motor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel claw pole permanent magnet motor with high power density, which aims to solve the technical problems in the background technology, improve the power density and the efficiency of the claw pole permanent magnet motor and reduce the weight of a machine body on the premise of ensuring the reliability of the claw pole permanent magnet motor.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

A novel high-power-density claw-pole permanent magnet motor is composed of a plurality of claw-pole motor modules, wherein two adjacent claw-pole motor modules are offset by a specific angle along the axial side, and each claw-pole motor module is of a single-stator and single-rotor structure and comprises a stator core with front and rear claw poles, a special-shaped armature winding, a permanent magnet and a rotor core; the stator iron core and the special-shaped armature winding jointly form a stator, and the stator is characterized in that:

The special-shaped armature winding adopts a global annular winding structure, is S-shaped in the circumferential direction and is annular as a whole; the stator core is provided with an annular stator yoke, a plurality of yoke walls are distributed on the front end face and the rear end face of the annular circumference of the stator yoke in a staggered manner, and the plurality of yoke walls are uniformly distributed on the end face of the stator yoke where the plurality of yoke walls are located along the circumferential direction; each yoke wall is connected with a claw pole, and claw parts of adjacent front claw poles and rear claw poles are opposite; a stator cavity for accommodating the special-shaped armature winding is formed by the plurality of claw poles and the stator yoke in a surrounding manner;

A plurality of permanent magnets are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the ring of the rotor core adjacent to the claw pole along the circumferential direction; the permanent magnets are magnetized along the circumferential direction of the motor, the magnetizing directions of the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite, the number of the permanent magnets is the same as that of claw poles on the stator iron core, and the permanent magnets and the stator iron core are opposite in position.

And grooves are formed in the stator yokes between two adjacent yoke walls on the stator core, and the grooves in the front end face are opposite to the claw poles in the rear end face. The shape of the groove may be semicircular, semi-elliptical, polygonal (rectangular, trapezoidal) but is not limited to the above type.

The novel high-power-density claw-pole permanent magnet motor is an inner rotor motor or an outer rotor motor, when the novel high-power-density claw-pole permanent magnet motor is an inner rotor motor, the inner diameter of a rotor core is fixed with a motor shaft, a plurality of permanent magnets are uniformly distributed on the circumferential side surface of the outer diameter, and a stator core is sleeved on the outer diameter of the rotor core; when the motor is an outer rotor motor, a plurality of permanent magnets are uniformly distributed on the circumferential side surface of the inner diameter of a rotor core and sleeved on a stator core, a through hole is formed in the center of the stator core and used for axial positioning when a plurality of claw pole motor modules are installed, and the outer diameter of the rotor core is fixed with a motor shaft.

The permanent magnet is arc trapezoid, the length of the permanent magnet is consistent with the axial length of the rotor core, and the length of the permanent magnet is larger than the area of the claw part of the claw pole.

The stator core comprises two identical annular stator yokes, a plurality of yoke walls are uniformly arranged on the outer end face of each annular stator yoke, the ends, without the yoke walls, of the two identical annular stator yokes are fixed together, and the yoke walls on the annular stator yokes are arranged in a staggered mode after the two identical annular stator yokes are fixed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

a) The armature winding is of an S-shaped special structure, so that the armature winding is more suitable for the structure of the stator core of the claw-pole permanent magnet motor, the utilization rate of the winding slot of the stator core can be better improved, the slot fullness rate of the claw-pole permanent magnet motor is improved, and higher input current is obtained under the same current density, so that the torque density and the efficiency of the claw-pole motor are improved.

b) Because this motor structure adopts the modularized design, the specific angle that staggers by a plurality of claw utmost point motor module is placed by the motor promptly, and along the axial and constitute, every claw utmost point motor module structure is the same, only needs the same structure module of processing when manufacturing, greatly reduced production degree of difficulty, relatively independent between every claw utmost point motor module moreover, when certain module trouble, can independently maintain, the fault-tolerant ability is strong, has reduced and has maintained the degree of difficulty.

c) the stator yoke adopts an integral annular structure, the mechanical strength is high, meanwhile, as the groove is arranged on the stator yoke between two adjacent claw poles on the same end surface, the integral weight of the motor is effectively reduced under the condition of not influencing the stability and the performance of the motor, the manufacturing material is saved, the weight of the stator structure is reduced by more than 30 percent, the application occasion of the motor is expanded, and the heat dissipation is facilitated.

d) Because the invention belongs to a transverse flux permanent magnet motor, the stator phases are not coupled, the analysis can be independently carried out, the fault-tolerant performance is improved, the defect that the electromagnetic load is mutually restrained due to the limitation of a geometric structure in the motor design is eliminated theoretically, and the torque density of the motor is effectively improved.

the invention has the remarkable advantages that:

The invention fully improves the defects of the common claw pole permanent magnet motor, and the advantages of the claw pole motor can be further embodied by adopting the S-shaped curve armature winding, the permanent magnet position arrangement and the groove arrangement, thereby greatly improving the torque density and the efficiency of the claw pole motor, greatly reducing the weight of the claw pole motor and being more flexibly applied to the fields of automobile industry, aerospace and the like.

The motor structure is not limited to be applied to an inner rotor motor, and is also applicable to an outer rotor motor.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a single claw pole motor module according to an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a rear view of a single claw pole motor module of an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a left side view of a single claw pole motor module of an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a single claw pole motor module according to an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a special-shaped armature winding of an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet motor of the invention.

fig. 6 is a left side view of a special-shaped armature winding of an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet motor of the invention.

fig. 7 is a perspective view of a single claw pole motor module according to an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator core of a single claw-pole motor module according to an embodiment of the novel high power density claw-pole permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of an internal magnetic circuit of a claw-pole stator core of the novel high-power-density claw-pole permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a stator core of a single claw-pole motor module according to an embodiment of the novel high power density claw-pole permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a stator core component of a single claw pole motor module according to an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a claw-pole motor according to an embodiment of the novel high-power-density claw-pole permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a single claw pole motor module according to an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a left side view of a single claw pole motor module of an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a stator core component of a single claw pole motor module according to an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic perspective view of a single claw pole motor module according to an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a rear perspective view of a single claw pole motor module of an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic perspective view of a permanent magnet according to an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

Fig. 19 is a power factor graph of an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet machine of the present invention.

Fig. 20 is a torque curve diagram of an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet machine of the present invention.

Fig. 21 is a flux linkage graph of an embodiment of the novel high power density claw pole permanent magnet machine of the present invention.

1-a stator core; 2-special-shaped armature winding; 3-a rotor core; 4-a permanent magnet; 5-a stator yoke; 6-claw pole; 7-cavity.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "axial," "lateral," "radial," "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for the purpose of convenience and simplicity of description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integral to; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The novel high-power-density claw-pole permanent magnet motor is composed of a plurality of single-phase claw-pole motor modules, adjacent claw-pole motor modules are axially offset by a specific angle, and each claw-pole motor module is of a single-stator single-rotor structure; the permanent magnet motor comprises a rotor iron core 3, a permanent magnet 4, a stator iron core 1 and a special-shaped armature winding 2; the stator iron core and the special-shaped armature winding jointly form a stator,

The special-shaped armature winding adopts a global annular winding structure, is S-shaped in the circumferential direction and is annular as a whole; the stator core is provided with an annular stator yoke, a plurality of yoke walls are distributed on the front end face and the rear end face of the annular circumference of the stator yoke in a staggered manner, and the plurality of yoke walls are uniformly distributed on the end face of the stator yoke where the plurality of yoke walls are located along the circumferential direction; each yoke wall is connected with a claw pole, and claw parts of adjacent front claw poles and rear claw poles are opposite; a stator cavity for accommodating the special-shaped armature winding is formed by the plurality of claw poles and the stator yoke in a surrounding manner;

A plurality of permanent magnets are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the ring of the rotor core adjacent to the claw pole along the circumferential direction; the permanent magnets are magnetized along the circumferential direction of the motor, the magnetizing directions of the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite, the number of the permanent magnets is the same as that of claw poles on the stator iron core, and the permanent magnets and the stator iron core are opposite in position.

In the invention, the stator yoke between two adjacent yoke walls on the stator core is provided with a groove, and the groove positioned on the front end surface is opposite to the claw pole positioned on the rear end surface. The shape of the groove may be semicircular, semi-elliptical, polygonal (rectangular, trapezoidal) but is not limited to the above type. The groove design on the stator yoke on the stator part greatly reduces the weight of the motor and saves materials on the premise of not influencing the performance and stability of the motor.

After the novel high-power-density claw-pole permanent magnet motor is optimized and improved in the aspects of the stator core structure and the special-shaped armature winding, the novel high-power-density claw-pole permanent magnet motor shows obvious improvement in the power factor (see fig. 19) compared with the stator core structure and the special-shaped armature winding before improvement, and also shows obvious improvement in the average torque (see fig. 20) compared with the design before improvement.

The rotor iron core is made of silicon steel sheets or soft magnetic composite materials, the rotor is simple in structure, and the rotor iron core is circular (see figure 1).

The novel high-power-density claw pole permanent magnet motor can be formed by nesting a plurality of single-phase claw pole motor modules in multiple layers along the axial direction and offsetting by a specific angle (see fig. 12). the offset angle of each claw pole motor module is different according to different pole pair numbers and different phase numbers, so that a symmetrical running state can be formed (the torque of the single-phase claw pole motor modules is not stable, so that the torque is stable because a plurality of single-phase claw pole motor modules are required to run symmetrically), the pole pair number refers to the pole number of a rotor, the phase number refers to the number of axially arranged modules, and the offset angle is 360 DEG/N _P m, wherein N _p is the pole pair number, and m is the phase number.

The permanent magnet is made of ferrite materials, neodymium iron boron materials or other permanent magnet materials.

The working principle and the process of the claw pole permanent magnet motor are as follows: when the motor runs, the stator is static, and the rotor rotates along the axial direction. Magnetic force lines are emitted along the N pole of the permanent magnet, penetrate through the air gap and the claw poles, enter the arc connecting section of the adjacent stator yoke, penetrate through the adjacent claw poles, penetrate through the air gap and enter the S pole of the permanent magnet (see figure 9), and the motor converts electric energy into mechanical energy to do work due to the fact that the magnetic circuit passes through the annular winding which is electrified with variable current.

The stator core is made of SMC stator core modules, and the SMC stator core modules can be customized by manufacturers and can also be pressed by a powder metallurgy manufacturing process or manufactured by a wire cutting method.

The stator core (see fig. 10) of the present invention includes two identical annular stator yokes, one ends of which having no yoke walls are fixed together, and the yoke walls of each of the annular stator yokes are arranged in a staggered manner after the fixation. Two identical annular stator yokes (see fig. 11) are fastened together in a manner that mainly comprises gluing, or anchoring, clamping. When the stator core is manufactured, claw poles are arranged on one surface of the stator core, and then the stator core of the single-phase claw pole motor module is assembled by two stator cores which are oppositely arranged as shown in the figure. When the S-curve special-shaped armature winding is embedded, the utilization of space positions and the result of optimized design are mainly considered, so that the slot filling rate, the torque density and the efficiency are improved.