阅读说明：本技术 一种无毒灭鼠饵药-ⅲ及制备方法 (Non-toxic raticide-III and preparation method thereof ) 是由 单承仪 于 2019-10-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种无毒灭鼠饵药-Ⅲ及制备方法,取干曼陀罗花,提取液为乙醇/水混合溶液,利用索氏抽提设备提取曼陀罗花中生物碱成分,得到生物碱提取液之后转移至浓缩装置进行浓缩,浓缩至原提取液,将其与石蜡、羧甲基纤维素、硫酸钡、草酸、钙基膨润土、粘合剂、提取生物碱、粮食、引诱剂、防腐剂进行混合搅拌均匀后,装入成型设备压制饵药,再制成颗粒剂、膏剂、追踪剂、防水丸剂、块剂、可悬挂剂及肢体粘附剂。该发明无毒,对环境无污染,对误食死鼠的其他生物无害,不造成二次中毒,成本低,提取物生物碱方式简单,有效物质含量低,且灭鼠效率高,效果明显,应用于鼠类药物防治技术领域中。(A nontoxic raticide, BAIJUNYAO, is prepared by taking dried datura flower, extracting alkaloid components from datura flower with Soxhlet extraction equipment, transferring the obtained alkaloid extract to a concentrating device for concentrating, concentrating to obtain the original extract, mixing with paraffin, carboxymethyl cellulose, barium sulfate, oxalic acid, calcium bentonite, adhesive, extracted alkaloid, grain, attractant and antiseptic, stirring, loading into molding equipment, pressing into bait, and making into granule, paste, tracer, waterproof pill, block, suspensible agent and limb adhesive. The invention has the advantages of no toxicity, no pollution to the environment, no harm to other organisms eating dead mice by mistake, no secondary poisoning, low cost, simple alkaloid extraction mode, low content of effective substances, high deratization efficiency and obvious effect, and is applied to the technical field of rodent drug control.)

1. A non-toxic rodenticide bait-III is characterized in that: the nontoxic deratization bait-III is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 25% of paraffin, 10-15% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 15-20% of barium sulfate, 10-15% of calcium bentonite, 2.5% of oxalic acid, 5% of adhesive, 0.1-1% of extracted alkaloid, 15-20% of grain, 1-5% of attractant and 0.1-0.2% of preservative.

2. a non-toxic rodenticidal bait-iii according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the extracted alkaloid is extracted hyoscyamine.

3. a non-toxic rodenticidal bait-iii according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the adhesive is aquatic product adhesive, and plays a role in shaping under the combined action of the aquatic product adhesive and paraffin.

4. A non-toxic rodenticidal bait-iii according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the grain is one or two of corn flour and sorghum flour.

5. A non-toxic rodenticidal bait-iii according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the preservative is edible preservative calcium propionate, the dosage of the preservative is not more than 1.8g/kg of national standard grain dosage, and the preservative is safe and environment-friendly.

6. The method for preparing a nontoxic rodenticide bait-iii according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation method of the nontoxic deratization bait comprises the following steps of taking 10g of dried datura stramonium, wherein an extracting solution is an ethanol/water mixed solution, and the proportion is 80: 20, extracting alkaloid components in datura stramonium flower by using Soxhlet extraction equipment, transferring the obtained alkaloid extract to a concentration device for concentration until the alkaloid extract is concentrated to 1/10 or 1/5 of the original extract, mixing and stirring the alkaloid extract, paraffin, carboxymethyl cellulose, barium sulfate, oxalic acid, calcium bentonite, an adhesive, extracted alkaloid, grains, an attractant and a preservative uniformly, filling the mixture into a forming device for pressing bait, and then preparing granules, paste, a tracer, waterproof pills, a block agent, a suspensible agent and a limb adhesive.

7. A non-toxic rodenticidal bait-iii according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the nontoxic deratization bait-III has the action mechanism that extracted alkaloid is used as an M-receptor blocking agent to compete with acetylcholine for parasympathetic nerve receptors, the extracted alkaloid in the bait acts on the murine intestinal tract to relieve smooth muscle spasm and slow down the movement of the murine intestinal tract, barium sulfate is precipitated and solidified in the murine intestinal tract under the condition of a precursor that the muscle of the murine intestinal tract does not move, carboxymethyl cellulose can slowly absorb water, the volume of the carboxymethyl cellulose continuously expands and has a certain adhesion effect to fully fill the murine intestinal tract, and then the barium sulfate, the carboxymethyl cellulose and oxalic acid are easily used to form calcium oxalate particles which are insoluble in water and are precipitated when meeting calcium ions, so that intestinal obstruction is caused, rats cannot eat food, substances in the intestinal tract cannot be discharged, and finally death is caused; the alkaloid, the carboxymethyl cellulose, the barium sulfate and the adhesive related in the bait medicine components are nontoxic, the applied attractant and the grain are preferred to the feeding of the murine animals, the attractant does not play a food calling role on other animals, the accidental feeding of other animals cannot be caused, and after the dead rat is fed by a natural enemy, the total amount of the alkaloid in the bait medicine is small, and the reaction of deposition and expansion in the dead rat is finished, so that the damage to the non-murine animals cannot be caused, and the harmlessness to the ecological environment is realized; the paraffin and the adhesive give certain shape to the bait, so that the shape of the bait is not easy to damage when the bait is corroded by water; the main components are natural substances which are easy to go mouldy in natural environment, and the problem of mould and deterioration can be solved by adding the edible preservative, so that the service life is prolonged; the non-toxic deratization bait-III is non-toxic, has no pollution to the environment, has no harm to other organisms eating dead rats by mistake, does not cause secondary poisoning, has low cost, simple alkaloid extraction mode, low content of effective substances, high deratization efficiency and obvious effect.

8. A non-toxic rodenticidal bait-iii according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the experimental method of the non-toxic deratization bait-III is carried out under the laboratory condition, 200g of deratization bait is taken and placed in a mouse cage, 6 mice are respectively placed in the mouse cage, the feeding condition is observed, after 2 hours, 191.2g of the bait is weighed, 8.8g of the bait is eaten after being stolen, and the average intake of 1.5g of bait for each mouse is obtained; after 48 hours, 1 dead mouse appeared; after 72 hours, 3 mice were killed, and the remaining 2 mice died for 5 days, and after the dead mice were dissected, 6 mice were found to have intestinal and gastric obstruction.

9. A non-toxic rodenticidal bait-iii according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the experimental method of the nontoxic deratization bait-III comprises the steps of taking 1000g of deratization bait, selecting a pig farm with high rat density to throw the bait, totally piling up 10 groups to put the bait, observing the stealing eating condition, weighing 350g of the residual bait and 650g of the residual bait in the next day, finding 10 dead rats near the feeding place after three days, and confirming intestinal obstruction death through anatomy.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a nontoxic deratization bait-III and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of rodent drug control.

Background

Currently, the control of murine population numbers is a long-term task facing the world, since the rate of murine reproduction is incomparable with all mammals on earth, with a large negative impact on the ecological environment and disease transmission. To achieve this goal, the worldwide cost of purchasing large quantities of each type of rodenticide is around 20 billion dollars each year. The application of various rodenticides has a plurality of problems, firstly, the production of various rodenticides consumes manpower and capital, and simultaneously, the production process has the discharge of three wastes in chemical industry, thus causing pressure to the environment; in the application of various medicines, various basic animals in the ecological environment can be injured or killed by mistake, and the harmony of the environment and the ecology is influenced.

Therefore, in the world, the rat has great negative influence on the production and life of human beings, so that the agricultural yield is reduced, a large amount of agricultural and sideline products are consumed, the production of forestry and forest cultivation is difficult, industrial and water conservancy facilities are damaged and consumed, diseases are infected, the environment is polluted, and the health and life safety of human beings are threatened, so that the control of the population quantity of the rats is a long-term task required to face all over the world.

However, in the prior art, various raticides have many problems in application, the mainstream raticide is mainly virulent, the raticide has high toxicity, the problem of discharge of three chemical wastes exists in the production process, great pressure is caused to the environment and the ecology, and the reports of poisoning caused by mistaken eating of the raticide by human beings or animals and death of the mice are more frequent.

Patent No. 01137323.7 discloses a biochemical rodenticide, which is different from the present patent in that it uses biochemical materials, has toxicity, and causes death of intestinal obstruction of mice; the invention uses biological materials without toxicity, and barium sulfate is precipitated and solidified in the murine intestinal tract after the extracted alkaloids in the bait enter the murine intestinal tract, so that the murine intestinal tract is fully filled, the intestinal obstruction is caused, the murine can not eat the bait, substances in the intestinal tract can not be discharged, and finally the death is caused.

Patent No. 201010579107.8 discloses a nontoxic high-expansion solidified lethal rodent bait and a preparation method thereof, and the difference between the nontoxic high-expansion solidified lethal rodent bait and the patent of the invention is that the nontoxic high-expansion solidified rodent bait causes death of rats, and the expansion coefficient is increased to kill the rats; the invention uses biological materials without toxicity, and barium sulfate is precipitated and solidified in the murine intestinal tract after the extracted alkaloids in the bait enter the murine intestinal tract, so that the murine intestinal tract is fully filled, the intestinal obstruction is caused, the murine can not eat the bait, substances in the intestinal tract can not be discharged, and finally the death is caused.

Patent No. 201210459127.0 discloses tetrodotoxin bait for killing mouse, which is different from the patent of the present invention in that biochemical materials are used in the patent, the patent has a strong toxic effect, and the heart failure and the cerebral nerve paralysis of the mouse are lethal; the invention uses biological materials without toxicity, and barium sulfate is precipitated and solidified in the murine intestinal tract after the extracted alkaloids in the bait enter the murine intestinal tract, so that the murine intestinal tract is fully filled, the intestinal obstruction is caused, the murine can not eat the bait, substances in the intestinal tract can not be discharged, and finally the death is caused.

Therefore, the development of a nontoxic rodenticide bait-III and a preparation method thereof are always a new problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a nontoxic rodenticide bait-III and a preparation method thereof, the bait-III is used for spasmolysis of gastrointestinal smooth muscles of mice by alkaloid, and then barium sulfate and carboxymethyl cellulose are utilized to cause intestinal obstruction of the mice, so that defecation can not be performed and death can be finally caused, and the purpose of no toxicity and no pollution is achieved.

The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a non-toxic raticide-III is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 25% of paraffin, 10-15% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 15-20% of barium sulfate, 10-15% of calcium bentonite, 2.5% of oxalic acid, 5% of adhesive, 0.1-1% of extracted alkaloid, 15-20% of grain, 1-5% of attractant and 0.1-0.2% of preservative;

The extracted alkaloid is extracted hyoscyamine;

The adhesive is aquatic product adhesive, and plays a role in shaping under the combined action of the aquatic product adhesive and paraffin;

The grain is one or two of corn flour and sorghum flour;

The preservative is edible preservative calcium propionate, the dosage of the preservative does not exceed 1.8g/kg of the dosage of national standard grain, and the preservative is safe and environment-friendly;

The preparation method of the nontoxic deratization bait comprises the following steps of taking 10g of dried datura stramonium, wherein an extracting solution is an ethanol/water mixed solution, and the proportion is 80: 20, extracting alkaloid components in datura stramonium flower by using Soxhlet extraction equipment, transferring the obtained alkaloid extract to a concentration device for concentration until the alkaloid extract is concentrated to 1/10 or 1/5 of the original extract, mixing and stirring the alkaloid extract, paraffin, carboxymethyl cellulose, barium sulfate, oxalic acid, calcium bentonite, an adhesive, extracted alkaloid, grains, an attractant and a preservative uniformly, filling the mixture into forming equipment for pressing bait, and then preparing granules, paste, a tracer, waterproof pills, a block agent, a suspensible agent and a limb adhesive;

the nontoxic deratization bait-III has the action mechanism that extracted alkaloid is used as an M-receptor blocking agent to compete with acetylcholine for parasympathetic nerve receptors, the extracted alkaloid in the bait acts on the murine intestinal tract to relieve smooth muscle spasm and slow down the movement of the murine intestinal tract, barium sulfate is precipitated and solidified in the murine intestinal tract under the condition of a precursor that the muscle of the murine intestinal tract does not move, carboxymethyl cellulose can slowly absorb water, the volume of the carboxymethyl cellulose continuously expands and has a certain adhesion effect to fully fill the murine intestinal tract, and then the barium sulfate, the carboxymethyl cellulose and oxalic acid are easily used to form calcium oxalate particles which are insoluble in water and are precipitated when meeting calcium ions, so that intestinal obstruction is caused, rats cannot eat food, substances in the intestinal tract cannot be discharged, and finally death is caused; the alkaloid, the carboxymethyl cellulose, the barium sulfate and the adhesive related in the bait medicine components are nontoxic, the applied attractant and the grain are preferred to the feeding of the murine animals, the attractant does not play a food calling role on other animals, the accidental feeding of other animals cannot be caused, and after the dead rat is fed by a natural enemy, the total amount of the alkaloid in the bait medicine is small, and the reaction of deposition and expansion in the dead rat is finished, so that the damage to the non-murine animals cannot be caused, and the harmlessness to the ecological environment is realized; the paraffin and the adhesive give certain shape to the bait, so that the shape of the bait is not easy to damage when the bait is corroded by water; the main components are natural substances which are easy to go mouldy in natural environment, and the problem of mould and deterioration can be solved by adding the edible preservative, so that the service life is prolonged; the nontoxic deratization bait-III is nontoxic, has no pollution to the environment, has no harm to other organisms eating dead rats by mistake, does not cause secondary poisoning, has low cost, simple alkaloid extraction mode, low content of effective substances, high deratization efficiency and obvious effect;

The experimental method of the non-toxic deratization bait-III is carried out under the laboratory condition, 200g of deratization bait is taken and placed in a mouse cage, 6 mice are respectively placed in the mouse cage, the feeding condition is observed, after 2 hours, 191.2g of the bait is weighed, 8.8g of the bait is eaten after being stolen, and the average intake of 1.5g of bait for each mouse is obtained; after 48 hours, 1 dead mouse appeared; 3 mice were killed after 72 hours, and 2 mice remained to be killed for 5 days; 6 intestinal obstructions of the intestines and the stomach are found after dead mice are dissected;

The experimental method of the nontoxic deratization bait-III comprises the steps of taking 1000g of deratization bait, selecting a pig farm with high rat density to throw the bait, totally piling up 10 groups to put the bait, observing the stealing eating condition, weighing 350g of the residual bait and 650g of the residual bait in the next day, finding 10 dead rats near the feeding place after three days, and confirming intestinal obstruction death through anatomy.

The key points of the invention lie in the proportion of each component of the nontoxic deratization bait-III by weight, the preparation method and the action mechanism.

Compared with the prior art, the nontoxic deratization bait-III and the preparation method thereof have the advantages of no toxicity, no pollution to the environment, no harm to other organisms eating dead rats by mistake, no secondary poisoning, low cost, simple alkaloid extraction mode, low content of effective substances, high deratization efficiency, obvious effect and the like, and can be widely applied to the technical field of rodent drug control.

Detailed Description

A non-toxic raticide-III is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 25% of paraffin, 10-15% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 15-20% of barium sulfate, 10-15% of calcium bentonite, 2.5% of oxalic acid, 5% of adhesive, 0.1-1% of extracted alkaloid, 15-20% of grain, 1-5% of attractant and 0.1-0.2% of preservative.

The extracted alkaloid is extracted hyoscyamine.

The adhesive is aquatic product adhesive, and plays a role in shaping under the combined action of the aquatic product adhesive and paraffin.

the grain is one or two of corn flour and sorghum flour.

The preservative is edible preservative calcium propionate, the dosage of the preservative is not more than 1.8g/kg of national standard grain dosage, and the preservative is safe and environment-friendly.

the preparation method of the nontoxic deratization bait comprises the following steps of taking 10g of dried datura stramonium, wherein an extracting solution is an ethanol/water mixed solution, and the proportion is 80: 20, extracting alkaloid components in datura stramonium flower by using Soxhlet extraction equipment, transferring the obtained alkaloid extract (stock solution) to a concentration device for concentration until the alkaloid extract is 1/10 or 1/5 of the original extract, mixing and stirring the alkaloid extract (stock solution) with paraffin, carboxymethyl cellulose, barium sulfate, oxalic acid, calcium bentonite, an adhesive, extracted alkaloid, grains, an attractant and a preservative uniformly, filling the mixture into a forming device for pressing bait, and then preparing granules, paste, a tracker, waterproof pills, a block agent, a suspensible agent and a limb adhesive.

the nontoxic deratization bait-III has the action mechanism that extracted alkaloid is used as an M-receptor blocking agent to compete with acetylcholine for parasympathetic nerve receptors, the extracted alkaloid in the bait acts on the murine intestinal tract to relieve smooth muscle spasm and slow down the movement of the murine intestinal tract, barium sulfate is precipitated and solidified in the murine intestinal tract under the condition of a precursor that the muscle of the murine intestinal tract does not move, carboxymethyl cellulose can slowly absorb water, the volume of the carboxymethyl cellulose continuously expands and has a certain adhesion effect to fully fill the murine intestinal tract, and then the barium sulfate, the carboxymethyl cellulose and oxalic acid are easily used to form calcium oxalate particles which are insoluble in water and are precipitated when meeting calcium ions, so that intestinal obstruction is caused, rats cannot eat food, substances in the intestinal tract cannot be discharged, and finally death is caused; the alkaloid, the carboxymethyl cellulose, the barium sulfate and the adhesive related in the bait ingredients are nontoxic, the applied attractant and the grain are preferred to the feeding of the murine animals, the attractant does not play a food calling role on other animals, the accidental feeding of other animals cannot be caused, and after the dead rat is fed by a natural enemy (such as snakes and birds), because the total amount of the alkaloid in the bait is small, and the reaction of deposition and expansion in the dead rat is finished, the damage to the non-murine animals cannot be caused, and the harmlessness to the ecological environment is realized; the paraffin and the adhesive give certain shape to the bait, so that the shape of the bait is not easy to damage when the bait is corroded by water; the main components are natural substances which are easy to go mouldy in natural environment, and the problem of mould and deterioration can be solved by adding the edible preservative, so that the service life is prolonged; the non-toxic deratization bait-III is non-toxic, has no pollution to the environment, has no harm to other organisms eating dead rats by mistake, does not cause secondary poisoning, has low cost, simple alkaloid extraction mode, low content of effective substances, high deratization efficiency and obvious effect.

the experimental method of the non-toxic deratization bait-III is carried out under the laboratory condition, 200g of deratization bait is taken and placed in a mouse cage, 6 mice are respectively placed in the mouse cage, the feeding condition is observed, after 2 hours, 191.2g of the bait is weighed, 8.8g of the bait is eaten after being stolen, and the average intake of 1.5g of bait for each mouse is obtained; after 48 hours, 1 dead mouse appeared; after 72 hours, 3 mice were sacrificed, and 2 mice were left to die for 5 days. After the dead mice are dissected, 6 gastrointestinal intestinal obstructions are found.

The experimental method of the nontoxic deratization bait-III comprises the steps of taking 1000g of deratization bait, selecting a pig farm with high rat density to throw the bait, totally piling up 10 groups to put the bait, observing the stealing eating condition, weighing 350g of the residual bait and 650g of the residual bait in the next day, finding 10 dead rats near the feeding place after three days, and confirming intestinal obstruction death through anatomy.