阅读说明：本技术 一种活动式溢洪道拦鱼闸门 (Movable spillway fish blocking gate ) 是由 杨志光 杨杰君 于 2019-10-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种活动式溢洪道拦鱼闸门,安装在水库大坝溢洪道入口或者溢洪道内,由钢梁支撑的钢质拦鱼栅栏组成闸门本体,闸门本体的宽度与溢洪道的宽度对应设置；闸门本体的底端铰接安装在溢洪道的底面,闸门本体的顶端连接起重机,起重机带动闸门本体绕底端铰接点上下摆动。设有钢梁支撑的钢质拦鱼闸门有足够的结构强度,不但能完成拦鱼工作而不致损毁,而且其斜面还可以作为利用水流将垃圾输送至下游的坡道；可以通过起重机方便地调整倾斜姿态,以确保安全；工作桥受力对水库大坝安全不会有半点影响；便于管理,拦鱼闸门使用寿命会大大延长。(The invention discloses a movable spillway fish blocking gate which is arranged at the entrance of a spillway of a reservoir dam or in the spillway, wherein steel fish blocking fences supported by steel beams form a gate body, and the width of the gate body is arranged corresponding to the width of the spillway; the bottom of gate body articulates and installs the bottom surface at spillway, and the hoist is connected on the top of gate body, and the hoist drives the gate body and winds bottom pin joint luffing motion. The steel fish blocking gate supported by the steel beams has enough structural strength, not only can complete fish blocking work without damage, but also can convey garbage to a downstream ramp by using water flow; the inclined posture can be conveniently adjusted through the crane so as to ensure safety; the stress of the working bridge does not have half-point influence on the safety of the reservoir dam; the fish blocking gate is convenient to manage, and the service life of the fish blocking gate can be greatly prolonged.)

1. A movable spillway fish-blocking gate is characterized in that the fish-blocking gate is installed at an inlet of a spillway of a reservoir dam or in the spillway, steel fish-blocking fences supported by steel beams form a gate body, and the width of the gate body corresponds to the width of the spillway; the bottom of gate body is articulated to be installed in the bottom surface of spillway, and the hoist is connected on the top of gate body, and the hoist drives the gate body and winds bottom pin joint luffing motion, and the swing angle is between 0 ~ 80 degree.

2. The fish gate of claim 1, wherein the swing angle is between 0 and 45 degrees.

3. the fish gate of claim 1, wherein the gate body is positioned below the dead water level of the spillway when the gate body is swung to 0 degrees.

4. The fish containment gate as claimed in claim 1 wherein the longitudinal and transverse fencing panels of the steel fish containment fence are arranged one behind the other in the direction of water flow, the gap between the longitudinal fencing panels providing a deep space in the direction of water flow.

5. The fish containment gate of claim 1, wherein the fish containment gate is assembled from multiple juxtaposed gate bodies.

6. The fish gate of claim 1, wherein the gate body is provided with auxiliary fencing on one or both sides thereof, the fencing structure being provided with steel support beams adapted to engage with the gate body to block spillways adjacent the gate body when the gate body is tilted.

7. The fish gate of claim 1, wherein one or both sides of the gate body outside the spillway are provided with auxiliary fences for sealing leaks, the outer side of the auxiliary fence is a sloping surface, and the inner side of the auxiliary fence is a vertical surface.

8. The fish gate of claim 1, wherein reinforced concrete piers are provided below the body of the fish gate at the spillway or spillway entrance to support the raised fish gate, and auxiliary fences for sealing the leaks are provided in front of the reinforced concrete piers and below the fish gate.

9. The fish lock according to any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein a fishing net is provided in a downstream direction from the top end of the lock body.

10. The fish-blocking gate according to claim 9, wherein the fishing net comprises a support frame and three layers of fishing nets which are telescopically distributed inside and outside, the support frame is movably connected with the top end of the gate body, the inlets of the three layers of fishing nets are fixed on the support frame, and the three layers of fishing nets are respectively a fish inlet net, a fish forming net and a fry net from inside to outside; the adult fish and the fry can not pass through the meshes of the fish inlet net at the innermost layer, and the adult fish and the fry enter the adult fish net at the middle layer through small fish passing openings at the bottom of the fish inlet net; the mesh of the adult fish net can not pass through the adult fish, but the fry can pass through the mesh, the bottom opening of the adult fish net is tied up, and the fry enters the fry net on the outermost layer through the mesh of the adult fish net; the mesh of the fry net can not pass through the fry, and the bottom opening of the fry net is tied up tightly.

11. The fish gate of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the crane is mounted on a working bridge across the spillway.

12. the fish gate of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the crane is mounted on the dam on either side of the spillway and is hoisted by means of pulleys to lower the fish gate.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fish blocking gate applied to a water spillway.

Background

at present, many large and medium-sized reservoirs not only perform power generation and agricultural irrigation and fishery cultivation, but also have the main functions of bearing the task of supplying city tap water and drinking water sources. After the reservoir is used as a drinking water source, the water quality of the reservoir cannot be polluted by naturally cultured fish in the reservoir, on the contrary, the water quality can be effectively purified, a large amount of pollution-free aquatic products can be increased, the economic income is increased, the ecological environment can be protected, the harmony and coexistence between people and nature are protected, the social benefit, the economic benefit and the ecological benefit are remarkable, and the method is a good thing with multiple purposes.

Pollution produced by production and living areas of cities or towns at the upstream of the reservoir, humus in a hydro-fluctuation area of the reservoir and photosynthesis of a water body, and discharge of domestic sewage can cause serious standard exceeding of nitrogen and phosphorus in the reservoir. Because of unreasonable application of chemical fertilizers in domestic sewage and drainage basin areas, nitrogen and phosphorus in many reservoirs generally exceed about five times of drinking water standards, and water eutrophication, bacteria, plankton, aquatic plants and the like are caused to propagate in large quantities to burst green algae. If not utilized, all the nutrients and energy in the reservoir are always present in the reservoir, and as the age of the reservoir increases, the water quality is increasingly fertile, and the biomass is increasingly large. If not utilized and adjusted, the ecological collapse of the whole reservoir can be directly caused, and the recovery of the ecological system needs a long time. However, microorganisms such as bacteria in water, plankton, humus, waterweeds and the like are just good baits for fishes. The upper layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer of the silver carp, the bighead carp, the grass carp, the crucian carp, the bream and the like which live in water respectively can fully consume nutrient substances in the water, and the aims of purifying water quality, producing pollution-free aquatic products and increasing economic benefits can be achieved without feeding any feed and using any medicine at all. According to research results, 10 tons of plankton can be consumed by each ton of fish growing, and each fish in the reservoir is a biological purifier which is called as an environment-friendly emissary of reservoir water quality. The water purification fishes such as silver carps, bighead carps, grass carps, crucian carps, bream and the like which are artificially bred form a mode of 'fish three-dimensional operation and biological chain water purification' of the reservoir, so that the water in the reservoir is dried and purified to be directly drunk.

After the existing large and medium-sized reservoirs are used as drinking water sources, silver carps and bighead carps are mainly selected to breed a certain proportion, and because the silver carps and the bighead carps take plankton in water as bait, the water purification effect is good, the growth speed is high, the natural breeding of the silver carps and the bighead carps is environment-friendly, the nutritive value and the economic value are high, and the natural breeding of the silver carps and the bighead carps is popular with consumers in the market. If the quantity of the silver carps and the bighead carps cultured in the reservoir is too small, the microorganisms in the reservoir are too much, eutrophication can be formed in water, green algae can be erupted, and serious pollution can be caused to the drinking water source of the reservoir.

In some years, the reservoir needs to flood for ensuring the safety of the dam, and the flood overflowing period is several days or more than half a month in each flood overflowing period. The habits of the upper fishes such as the silver carps, the bighead carps and the like cultured in the reservoir can run to the place of water flow, and the fish groups can escape from a flood spillway along the flood during flood spills, so that the loss of the silver carps and the bighead carps is large during each flood spills, the culture benefit of the reservoir fishery is influenced, the economic loss is large, the reservoir does not have a clean drinking water source for the silver carps and the bighead carps, and serious pollution accidents of the drinking water source of the reservoir can occur. The temporary silver carp and bighead carp fry throwing in the water purifier is emergent and far less than the water purifying effect of large silver carps and bighead carps.

In order to reduce loss, the production practice also searches for arranging the fish blocking net, but the fish blocking work cannot be effective due to the following objective reasons and subjective recognition errors:

1. The existing fish blocking net is easy to block flood discharge, possibly endangering the safety of a dam body and forming potential safety hazards;

2. When a flood is broken at the upstream of the reservoir, a lot of waves (garbage) come along with the flood, and the waves are considered to have great influence on the fish blocking net in the industry, so that the function of the fish blocking net is difficult to realize;

3. The existing fish blocking net is not enough in strength, so that a dam is quickly damaged by flood when being impacted by flood during flood overflow, and the damaged fish blocking net cannot be recovered;

4. Because the topography and the vegetation of the reservoir are complicated, the existing fish blocking net is easily hung by the vegetation and sinks into the water to lose the effect when the reservoir is flooded. Therefore, under the condition that a plurality of methods are thought to have no effect on preventing and blocking the flood, the serious loss caused by the fish running during the flood overflow of the reservoir is common in the industry at present. At present, the technology for fundamentally blocking the fish in the flood spills of the large-scale reservoir is not available, and only the silver carps and bighead carps cultured in the torrential reservoir of the mountain torrents basically run out. At present, economic benefits of large and medium-sized reservoirs only depend on power generation, agricultural irrigation and city tap water supply, the fish culture function is basically wasted, resources are not utilized, and if the technical problem that the reservoir overflows and cannot block fish is solved. The large and medium-sized reservoirs can utilize fish culture resources well, and can culture fish with great confidence to increase economic income.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above drawbacks, the present invention provides a fish-blocking gate, which can block escaping fish during a flood discharge, and at the same time, effectively prevent the fish-blocking gate from being blocked by garbage (wave debris) floating on water and sinking in water, and has no resistance to the flood discharge. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the movable spillway fish-blocking gate is characterized in that the fish-blocking gate is arranged at the entrance of a spillway of a reservoir dam or in the spillway, steel fish-blocking fences supported by steel beams form a gate body, and the width of the gate body is arranged corresponding to the width of the spillway; the bottom of gate body articulates and installs the bottom surface at spillway, and the top of gate body is connected hoist (a.k.a hoist engine, hoist engine etc.) and the hoist drives the gate body and winds bottom pin joint luffing motion (the swing angle is between 0 ~ 80 degree, preferred 0 ~ 45 degree).

The mesh size of the steel fish blocking fence can generally block more than half jin or more than one jin of chub, bighead carp, grass carp and bream, thereby blocking the fish and having no resistance to flood discharge.

Preferably, when the gate body swings to 0 degree, the position of the gate body is lower than the dead water level of the spillway.

To avoid any hindrance to the flood.

The meshes or meshes of the steel fish blocking fence can be square, round, triangular or in other shapes. Preferably, the longitudinal fences and the transverse fences of the steel fish blocking fence are arranged in front and at the back along the water flow direction, and a longitudinal space is reserved in a crack between the longitudinal fences along the water flow direction. Is convenient for water flow and garbage discharge.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the scheme, firstly, the steel fish blocking gate provided with the steel beam support has enough structural strength, not only can complete fish blocking work without damage, but also the inclined plane can be used as a ramp for conveying garbage to the downstream by utilizing water flow; secondly, this fish gate can conveniently adjust the slope gesture through the hoist for fish gate complies with the flood, thereby can select inclination according to the flood discharge condition when the dam spills floodwaters, can fall to spillway dead water below when meeting very big flood peak attack in a century, does not have half a little influence to reservoir dam spills floodwaters, in order to ensure safety. Thirdly, the stress of the working bridge does not have half-point influence on the safety of the reservoir dam. Fourthly, the fish blocking gate is convenient to manage, and the service life of the fish blocking gate can be greatly prolonged.

The fish blocking gate is suitable for spillways of water bodies such as reservoirs, rivers, canals and lakes.

In the case of a wide spillway, the fish retaining gate is preferably formed by combining multiple juxtaposed gate bodies.

Due to natural constraints or different engineering designs, the cross-section of the spillway is sometimes not a regular rectangle, for example, the cross-section of the spillway is a trapezoid with a large top and a small bottom, or the spillway has a large inlet and a small outlet. Under these circumstances, the improvement, one side or both sides of gate body are equipped with supplementary fence, and the fence structure is equipped with the support girder steel, links up the spillway that the shutoff slope set up by the gate body with gate body cooperation. Thereby avoiding the loophole that the fish can pass through to have the setting of blocking the fish gate to lose meaning.

Some spillways are too short, a section of gate body is required to be arranged outside a water inlet of the spillway, and the two sides or one side (some spillways are arranged beside a mountain) of the gate body outside the spillway are not matched with the spillway, so that a leak through which fish can pass is formed. Therefore, in an improved mode, an auxiliary fence for plugging a leak is arranged on one side or two sides of the gate body outside the spillway, the outer side of the auxiliary fence is a slope, and the inner side of the auxiliary fence is a vertical surface. The fish and the garbage are turned over to the upper surface of the gate body in the inclined posture in the auxiliary fence along the slope surface at the outer side, and the fish blocking gate in the working state can work according to the flow.

when the dead water level of the spillway or the bottom surface of the spillway and the bottom surface of the spillway inlet have a large height difference, preferably, a reinforced concrete support pier is arranged below the fish blocking gate body of the spillway or the spillway inlet to support and lift the fish blocking gate, and an auxiliary fence for plugging a leak is arranged in front of the reinforced concrete support pier and below the fish blocking gate. Thereby reducing the pressure and cost of the fish gate and facilitating installation of the gate so that water from a reservoir can pass beneath the fish gate.

Preferably, the crane is installed on the dike at both sides of the spillway, and the lower fish blocking gate is lifted and hung through the pulley. The construction is convenient, and the cost is lower.

Preferably, the crane is mounted on a working bridge across the spillway. The lower fish blocking gate is directly and vertically lifted and hung, and is suitable for the conditions that the fish blocking gate is heavy and the load is large

Through long-term observation of the applicant, it is found that the water level of the large reservoir is high, the water path is long, and the garbage (wave debris) coming along with the flood flow when the flood peak is generated generally does not enter the dam spillway, but is mainly retained in the upstream estuary. Therefore, a plurality of reservoirs have the condition of no garbage or wave debris during flood discharge, and at the moment, the fishing net is arranged in the downstream direction of the top end of the gate body in an improved mode. When the inclination angle of the fish blocking gate is reduced, the fish can run into the fishing net along with the flow velocity of water, so that the fish blocking gate can also realize the function of automatically fishing.

In order to distinguish adult fish and fry, preferably, the fishing net comprises a support frame and three layers of fishing nets which are nested inside and outside, the support frame is movably connected with the top end of the gate body, inlets of the three layers of fishing nets are fixed on the support frame, and the three layers of fishing nets are respectively a fish inlet net, a fish forming net and a fry net from inside to outside; the adult fish and the fry can not pass through the meshes of the fish inlet net at the innermost layer, and the adult fish and the fry enter the adult fish net at the middle layer through small fish passing openings at the bottom of the fish inlet net; the mesh of the adult fish net can not pass through the adult fish, but the fry can pass through the mesh, the bottom opening of the adult fish net is tied up, and the fry enters the fry net on the outermost layer through the mesh of the adult fish net; the mesh of the fry net can not pass through the fry, and the bottom opening of the fry net is tied up tightly.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the principle structure of example 1 (with the steel fish containment barrier being incorporated in a partially enlarged view);

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 3;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 4;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the fishing net according to embodiment 5;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the crane according to embodiment 6.

Detailed Description