阅读说明：本技术 一种超大冲程和荷载的游梁式抽油机 (beam-pumping unit of super large stroke and load ) 是由 张聪 刘发 刘士华 刘雷芳 智德信 于 2019-09-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明实施例公开了一种超大冲程和荷载的游梁式抽油机,包括底座和支架,在所述底座的另一端由支架向外依次设有曲柄轴、减速器和电动机,所述电动机通过皮带与减速器连接,所述减速器通过曲柄轴连接有连杆,所述支架顶部通过固定安装的支架轴安装有游梁,所述游梁两端分别安装有驴头和平衡配重块,且在位于所述平衡配重块一端的游梁上安装有横梁,以扭矩因数为目标函数,优化计算抽油机几何参数；本发明通过以扭矩因数为目标函数进行针对性的优化,从而获得抽油机确切的优化结果,并且通过设置对准器和角度测量仪,便于根据优化后的结果确定定位点的位置,并依据该定位点的位置进行几何参数的调整,从而可以准确的按照优化结果对整体结构进行调整。(The embodiment of the invention discloses a walking beam type pumping unit with super-large stroke and load, which comprises a base and a bracket, wherein a crank shaft, a speed reducer and a motor are sequentially arranged at the other end of the base from the bracket to the outside, the motor is connected with the speed reducer through a belt, the speed reducer is connected with a connecting rod through the crank shaft, the top of the bracket is provided with a walking beam through a fixedly arranged bracket shaft, two ends of the walking beam are respectively provided with a horse head and a balancing weight block, a cross beam is arranged on the walking beam at one end of the balancing weight block, and the geometrical parameters of the pumping unit are optimally calculated by taking a torque factor as a target function; the invention carries out targeted optimization by taking the torque factor as a target function so as to obtain the exact optimization result of the oil pumping unit, and the aligner and the angle measuring instrument are arranged so as to be convenient for determining the position of the positioning point according to the optimized result and carrying out the adjustment of geometric parameters according to the position of the positioning point, thereby accurately adjusting the whole structure according to the optimization result.)

1. The utility model provides a beam-pumping unit of super large stroke and load, includes base (1) and fixed mounting at support (2) of base (1) tip, its characterized in that the other end of base (1) is outwards equipped with crank axle (3), reduction gear (4) and motor (5) in proper order by support (2), motor (5) are connected with reduction gear (4) through the belt, reduction gear (4) are connected with connecting rod (6) through crank axle (3), walking beam (8) are installed through fixed mounting's support axle (7) in support (2) top, horse head (9) and balancing weight piece (10) are installed respectively to walking beam (8) both ends, and lie in install crossbeam (11) on walking beam (8) of balancing weight piece (10) one end, crossbeam (11) and connecting rod (6) are connected;

The method comprises the following steps of taking a torque factor as a target function, and optimally calculating geometrical parameters of the pumping unit:

the distance from the center line of the upper bracket shaft of the walking beam to the center line of the wellhead is A (7151-7300 mm);

The distance from the center line of the bearing of the support on the walking beam to the center line of the cross beam is 3447-3576 mm;

The horizontal distance between the center line of the upper bracket shaft of the walking beam and the center line of the crank shaft is 3409-3569 mm;

The length of the connecting rod is P7125-7222 mm;

The distance between the center line of the upper bracket shaft of the walking beam and the surface of the base is 10351-10489 mm;

The distance from the center of the crank shaft to the surface of the base is 3163-3343 mm;

the radius of the crank shaft is 1811-1912 mm.

2. A very large stroke and load walking beam pumping unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein said walking beam (8) has an aligner (14) mounted on the centerline of the bracket shaft (7) and the crank shaft (3), and an angle measuring instrument (15) mounted on the crank shaft (3).

3. the ultra-large stroke and load walking beam pumping unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein a lifting plate (13) is arranged on the base (1), a sliding block is arranged between the lifting plate (13) and the base (1), two sides of the sliding block are sleeved on the base (1), and the sliding block and the lifting plate (13) are connected through a hydraulic column.

4. the ultra-large stroke and load walking beam pumping unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top of the horse head (9) is fixedly installed with the end of the rope hanger (12), the horse head (9) is a semi-arc surface, and the center of the horse head (9) is provided with a receiving groove (901), and the rope hanger (9) is arranged in the receiving groove (901) to slide.

5. the ultra-large stroke and load walking beam pumping unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein a sliding rail (801) is arranged at the bottom of the walking beam (8), two sets of sliding seats (802) are sleeved in the sliding rail (801), a claw (803) clamped with the sliding rail (801) is arranged on each sliding seat (802), and the two sets of sliding seats (802) are respectively connected with the support shaft (7) and the cross beam (11).

6. The ultra-large stroke and load walking beam pumping unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein both ends of the walking beam (8) are provided with hollow cavities (804), the inner surface of each hollow cavity (804) is fixedly provided with a fixed thread (805) arranged along the axial direction, and a movable screw (806) engaged with the fixed thread (805) is arranged in each hollow cavity (804).

7. the ultra-large stroke and load walking beam pumping unit of claim 6, wherein both ends of said movable screw (806) at both ends are respectively fixedly connected with said horse head (9) and said balancing weight (10), and said horse head (9) and said balancing weight (10) are sleeved on said walking beam (8).

8. The ultra-large stroke and load walking beam pumping unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein said bracket (1) is formed by stacking several said standard joints (101) in turn to form an integral structure, and a platform plate (102) is installed on the top standard joint (101), and said bracket shaft (7) is installed on said platform plate (102).

Technical Field

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of pumping units, in particular to a beam-pumping unit with super-large stroke and load.

Background

the conventional beam-pumping unit as the main tool for oil extraction in oil field is widely used in various oil fields because of its reliable and durable characteristics. The basic working principle of the beam-pumping unit is that a motor rotates to provide power for an input shaft of a speed reducer through a belt, and the rotating power output by an output shaft of the speed reducer converts rotating motion into repeated linear motion through a crank, a connecting rod, a walking beam, a horse head and other components, so that the oil-pumping unit in an oil well is driven to work to realize an oil pumping function. Suspension point load, stroke length, stroke frequency and reducer torque are the most basic parameters for representing the pumping performance of the pumping unit, and the maximum stroke of the beam-pumping unit in the current market is 240in (6.1 m).

Although the basic structure and the basic principle of the beam-pumping unit in the prior art are similar, in practical application, the beam-pumping unit determines the power performance of the beam-pumping unit due to the change of the geometric parameters of the beam-pumping unit, and the energy consumption of the beam-pumping unit is also influenced. The maximum torque factor and the maximum acceleration of the suspension point are two indexes for measuring the power performance of the pumping unit, the magnitude of the torque factor directly influences the magnitude of the maximum torque of a crankshaft, and simultaneously, the shapes of a torque factor curve and a crankshaft torque curve are determined, and the acceleration of the suspension point is influenced.

Under the prior art, the geometric parameters of the pumping unit often depend on actual test or processed data accumulation, so that the targeted optimization calculation cannot be performed according to the actual situation, the optimal geometric parameter optimization result cannot be obtained through the optimization calculation, and the position of a fixed point cannot be quickly determined according to the optimized result.

disclosure of Invention

therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a beam-pumping unit with a super-large stroke and a super-large load, which is characterized in that the beam-pumping unit is optimized and calculated in a mode of setting a target function, so that specific parameters are determined, the operation effect of the beam-pumping unit is improved, and the problem that the targeted optimization and calculation cannot be performed according to actual conditions in the prior art is solved.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following:

A walking beam type pumping unit with ultra-large stroke and load comprises a base and a support fixedly mounted at the end part of the base, wherein a crank shaft, a speed reducer and a motor are sequentially arranged at the other end of the base from the support outwards, the motor is connected with the speed reducer through a belt, the speed reducer is connected with a connecting rod through the crank shaft, a walking beam is mounted at the top of the support through a support shaft fixedly mounted, a horse head and a balance weight block are respectively mounted at two ends of the walking beam, a cross beam is mounted on the walking beam at one end of the balance weight block, and the cross beam is connected with the connecting rod;

The method comprises the following steps of taking a torque factor as a target function, and optimally calculating geometrical parameters of the pumping unit:

The distance from the center line of the upper bracket shaft of the walking beam to the center line of the wellhead is A (7151-7300 mm);

the distance from the center line of the bearing of the support on the walking beam to the center line of the cross beam is 3447-3576 mm;

The horizontal distance between the center line of the upper bracket shaft of the walking beam and the center line of the crank shaft is 3409-3569 mm;

the length of the connecting rod is P7125-7222 mm;

The distance between the center line of the upper bracket shaft of the walking beam and the surface of the base is 10351-10489 mm;

The distance from the center of the crank shaft to the surface of the base is 3163-3343 mm;

The radius of the crank shaft is 1811-1912 mm.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the center line of the walking beam upper bracket shaft and the crank shaft are both provided with aligners, and the crank shaft is also provided with an angle measuring instrument.

as a preferable scheme of the invention, a lifting plate is arranged on the base, a sliding block is arranged between the lifting plate and the base, two sides of the sliding block are sleeved on the base, and the sliding block and the lifting plate are connected through a hydraulic column.

as a preferable scheme of the present invention, the end of the rope hanger is fixedly mounted on the top of the horse head, the horse head is a semi-arc surface, an accommodating groove is formed in the center of the horse head, and the rope hanger is arranged in the accommodating groove to slide.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the bottom of the walking beam is provided with a slide rail, two groups of sliding seats are sleeved in the slide rail, the sliding seats are provided with clamping jaws clamped with the slide rail, and the two groups of sliding seats are respectively connected with the support shaft and the cross beam.

As a preferable scheme of the present invention, hollow cavities are provided at both ends of the walking beam, a fixed thread arranged along an axial direction is fixedly installed on an inner surface of the hollow cavity, and a movable screw engaged with the fixed thread is provided in the hollow cavity.

as a preferred scheme of the present invention, two ends of the movable screw rods at two ends are respectively and fixedly connected with the horse head and the balancing weight block, and the horse head and the balancing weight block are sleeved on the walking beam.

As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the bracket is formed by sequentially stacking and connecting a plurality of the standard knots to form an integral structure, a platform plate is installed on the standard knot positioned at the topmost part, and the bracket shaft is installed on the platform plate.

The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:

(1) The method comprises the steps of performing targeted optimization by taking a torque factor as a target function to obtain an exact optimization result of the oil pumping unit, applying the optimization result to the geometric parameters of the oil pumping unit, and adjusting within the range of the optimization result of the geometric parameters to improve the actual working effect of the oil pumping unit;

(2) The aligner and the angle measuring instrument are arranged, so that the position of the positioning point can be conveniently determined according to the optimized result, and the geometric parameters can be adjusted according to the position of the positioning point, so that the whole structure can be accurately adjusted according to the optimized result.

Drawings

in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.

the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of geometric parameters in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic overall structure diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-a base; 2-a scaffold; 3-crankshaft; 4-a reducer; 5-an electric motor; 6-connecting rod; 7-a support shaft; 8-a walking beam; 9-donkey head; 10-balancing the counterweight block; 11-a cross beam; 12-a polished rod eye; 13-lifting the plate; 14-an aligner; 15-an angle measuring instrument;

101-standard section; 102-a platform board;

801-a slide rail; 802-a sliding seat; 803-jaws; 804-a hollow cavity; 805-a fixed rack; 806-moving rack;

901-accommodating grooves.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a walking beam pumping unit with a super-large stroke and a load, which comprises a base 1 and a support 2 fixedly installed at the end part of the base 1, wherein a crank shaft 3, a speed reducer 4 and a motor 5 are sequentially arranged at the other end of the base 1 from the support 2 to the outside, the motor 5 is connected with the speed reducer 4 through a belt, the speed reducer 4 is connected with a connecting rod 6 through the crank shaft 3, the top of the support 2 is provided with a walking beam 8 through a support shaft 7 fixedly installed, two ends of the walking beam 8 are respectively provided with a horse head 9 and a balancing weight block 10, a beam 11 is installed on the walking beam 8 at one end of the balancing weight block 10, and the beam 11 is connected with the connecting rod 6.

The basic working principle of the oil pumping unit is that the motor rotates to provide power for the input shaft of the speed reducer through the belt, and the rotary power output by the output shaft of the speed reducer converts the rotary motion into repeated linear motion through parts such as a crank, a connecting rod, a walking beam, a horse head and the like, so that the oil pumping unit in an oil well is driven to work to realize the oil pumping function.

In the invention, the suspension point load, the stroke length, the stroke frequency and the torque of the reducer are the most basic parameters for showing the pumping performance of the pumping unit, and the maximum stroke of the beam pumping unit in the current market is 240in (6.1 m).

The invention realizes that the load of the beam pumping unit can reach 50000LBS (222.26KN), the stroke can reach 320in (8.13m), the torque of the reducer can reach 2560000in-LBS (289KN. m), and the maximum stroke frequency can reach 8SPM for the first time.

Wherein: as shown in fig. 2, the distance from the center line of the upper bracket shaft of the walking beam to the center line of the wellhead is set to be a, the distance from the center line of the bearing of the upper bracket shaft of the walking beam to the center line of the cross beam is set to be C, the horizontal distance between the center line of the upper bracket shaft of the walking beam and the center line of the crank shaft is set to be I, the length of the connecting rod is set to be P, the distance from the center line of the upper bracket shaft of the walking beam to the surface of the base is set to be H.

the structural size R, P, C, H, G, A, I value of the oil pumping unit is used as the design variable of the oil pumping unit, so that the quality of the power performance of the oil pumping unit is determined, and the energy consumption of the oil pumping unit is also influenced. The maximum torque factor and the maximum acceleration of the suspension point are two indexes for measuring the power performance of the pumping unit, the magnitude of the torque factor directly influences the magnitude of the maximum torque of a crankshaft, and simultaneously, the shapes of a torque factor curve and a crankshaft torque curve are determined, and the acceleration of the suspension point is influenced.

The torque factor is calculated and deduced from R, P, C, H, G, A, I values of the structural size of the pumping unit, and the optimal geometric size of the pumping unit is obtained through optimization calculation by taking the torque factor as an objective function.

the geometric parameter optimization result of the pumping unit in the embodiment is as follows:

A(mm)

C(mm)

I(mm)

P(mm)

H(mm)

G(mm)

R(mm)

7151～7300

3447～3576

3409～3569

7125～7222

10351～10489

3163～3343

1811～1912

According to the method, the torque function is mainly used as the objective function for optimization, so that the optimal objective function is used as the optimization condition in the optimization process, the geometric parameters of the pumping unit are gradually optimized, and the optimal effect, namely the load of the pumping unit, the torque of a speed reducer, the acceleration stroke and the maximum stroke frequency are improved.

Compared with the prior art, the optimization method is based on the objective function and optimized by considering one or a certain combination of the objective function and the objective function, the optimization mode can be embodied on each geometric parameter, and the pumping unit in the implementation mode can realize direct adjustment after each parameter is optimized so as to meet the optimal effect.

In the above embodiment, the top of the horse head 9 is fixedly provided with the end part of the rope hanger 12, the horse head 9 is a semi-arc surface, the center of the horse head 9 is provided with the accommodating groove 901, the rope hanger 9 is arranged in the accommodating groove 901 to slide, and the rope hanger 12 is always in a vertical state when the horse head 9 moves up and down through the arranged semi-arc surface, so that extra resistance can not be generated on the rope hanger 12.

In order to match with the adjustment of the geometric parameters, the bottom of the walking beam 8 is provided with a sliding rail 801, two groups of sliding seats 802 are sleeved in the sliding rail 801, the sliding seats 802 are provided with clamping claws 803 which are clamped with the sliding rail 801, and the two groups of sliding seats 802 are respectively connected with the support shaft 7 and the cross beam 11.

The above-mentioned geometric parameters are adjusted by the sliding action of the sliding seat 802, and the adjusted sliding seat 802 is fixed by the claws 803, so as to achieve the best adjusting effect.

Further, since the geometric parameters between the structures are required to be adjusted in this embodiment, in order to ensure the reliability of the adjustment of the two ends of the walking beam 8, the adjustment of the horse head 9 and the balancing weight 10 is performed in a rack manner. Cavity 804 is all equipped with in the walking beam 8 both ends, cavity 804 internal surface fixed mounting has along the fixed screw thread 805 of axial setting, and be in be equipped with in the cavity 804 with the screw rod 806 that moves of fixed screw thread 805 interlock is located both ends move the screw rod 806 both ends respectively with horse head 9 with balancing weight 10 fixed connection, just horse head 9 with balancing weight 10 cover is established on the walking beam 8.

In the above, the movable screw 806 is rotated to advance or retract, so as to adjust the relative position.

Wherein, support 1 is by a plurality of standard festival 101 piles up the connection in proper order and forms overall structure, and is being located the top standard festival 101 is last to install the landing slab 102, support axle 7 is installed on the landing slab 102, in this embodiment, support 1's adjustment is through piling up in proper order of standard festival 101 and realizing height adjustment.

The base 1 is provided with a lifting plate 13, a sliding block is arranged between the lifting plate 13 and the base 1, two sides of the sliding block are sleeved on the base 1, the sliding block and the lifting plate 13 are connected through a hydraulic column, and the parameter relation between structures is further adjusted through the adjusting effect of the sliding block and the hydraulic column.

As shown in fig. 3, an aligner 14 is mounted on the walking beam 8 at the center line of the bracket shaft 7 and on the crank shaft 3, and an angle measuring instrument 15 is also mounted on the crank shaft 3. In the invention, in order to determine the relative position relationship between the positioning points, by arranging an aligner and an angle measuring instrument, the relative positions of the bracket shaft 7 and the walking beam 8 and the relative position of the crank shaft 3 are determined, the overall architecture can be determined after the positions of the bracket shaft and the walking beam are determined, and then the geometric parameter relationship between other structures is adjusted according to the relationship between the positioning points of the bracket shaft and the walking beam, so that the adjustment process can be simplified.

The invention mainly adjusts the overall geometric parameter relationship by controlling the positioning points and taking the positioning points as the basis, thereby completing the adjustment of the whole pumping unit.

Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.