阅读说明：本技术 一种钢丝绳无损探伤分析方法 (Nondestructive flaw detection analysis method for steel wire rope ) 是由 张琳 胡杰 于 2019-10-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种钢丝绳无损探伤分析方法,将钢丝绳的损伤类型分为LF型和LMA型,其特征在于,所述钢丝绳损伤类型由公式(18)的决断矩阵V判定,<Image he="68" wi="700" file="DDA0002237492830000011.GIF" imgContent="drawing" imgFormat="GIF" orientation="portrait" inline="no"></Image>其中,<Image he="63" wi="57" file="DDA0002237492830000012.GIF" imgContent="drawing" imgFormat="GIF" orientation="portrait" inline="no"></Image>是单因素权重分配矩阵,<Image he="68" wi="44" file="DDA0002237492830000013.GIF" imgContent="drawing" imgFormat="GIF" orientation="portrait" inline="no"></Image>是模糊关系矩阵,μ<Sub>LF</Sub>表示钢丝绳的缺陷为局部损伤LF型的可能性,μ<Sub>LMA</Sub>表示钢丝绳的缺陷截面损伤LMA型的可能性,如果μ<Sub>LF</Sub>>μ<Sub>LMA</Sub>,则钢丝绳缺陷类型即为LF,反之钢丝绳缺陷类型则为LMA。(A steel wire rope nondestructive flaw detection analysis method divides the damage types of steel wire ropes into an LF type and an LMA type, and is characterized in that the damage types of the steel wire ropes are judged by a decision matrix V of a formula (18), Wherein the content of the first and second substances, Is a one-factor weight-assignment matrix, is a fuzzy relation matrix, mu LF Indicates the possibility of a defect of the steel cord being of the local damage LF type, mu LMA Indicating the possibility of a defective section of the steel cord damaging the LMA type if mu LF >μ LMA If the defect type of the steel wire rope is LF, otherwise, the steel wire rope isThe defect type is LMA.)

1. A steel wire rope nondestructive flaw detection analysis method divides the damage types of steel wire ropes into an LF type and an LMA type, and is characterized in that the damage types of the steel wire ropes are judged by a decision matrix V of a formula (18),

wherein the content of the first and second substances,Is a one-factor weight-assignment matrix,Is a matrix of fuzzy relations that is,

Wherein, mu_LFindicates the possibility of a defect of the steel cord being of the local damage LF type, mu_LMAIndicating the possibility of damaging the LMA type of a defective section of the steel cord,

If μ_LF>μ_LMAIf the defect type of the steel wire rope is LF, otherwise, the defect type of the steel wire rope is LMA.

2. The steel wire rope nondestructive inspection analysis method according to claim 1, wherein a spatial average width of a signal obtained by the nondestructive inspection is obtained for the steel wire rope LF type local defect damageAnd combined amplitudeFuzzy reasoning is carried out to calculate the broken wire number Q of the steel wire rope_LF。

3. The nondestructive inspection analysis method for steel wire rope according to claim 2, wherein a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is used, and the input quantity is a characteristic quantity of a steel wire rope defect signal, including a spatial average width of a plurality of signalsAnd average amplitude of multipath signalThe output quantity is the number Q of the damaged and broken filaments of the LF type_LF，

s101, fuzzifying input quantity, and determining the space average width of a signalAnd derive corresponding membership functions, and then based on the measuredCalculating the membership degree of each variable in the fuzzy subset, and obtaining the average amplitude of the signalMembership on each variable of the fuzzy subset;

S102, fuzzy logic reasoning, determining output quantity Q_LFAnd their respective support values Q_LF(i) Summarizing and formulating fuzzy inference rule, and combining the fuzzy inference rule obtained in S101AndThe fuzzy membership degree result is obtained by adopting an MIN-MAX reasoning method to deduce the fuzzy logic value mu of each variable of the fuzzy subset of the output quantity_LF(i)。

S103, performing defuzzification, and obtaining an output quantity which is the number Q of broken steel wire ropes by adopting a weighted average method_LF，

4. The steel wire rope nondestructive inspection analysis method according to claim 1, wherein the space average width of the signal obtained by the nondestructive inspection is made to be larger than the space average width of the signal obtained by the nondestructive inspection with respect to the LMA type flaw damage of the steel wire ropeAnd combined amplitudeThe section loss percentage Q of the steel wire rope can be calculated by fuzzy quantitative analysis_LMA。

5. the nondestructive inspection analysis method for steel wire rope according to claim 4, wherein a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is used, and the input quantity is a characteristic quantity of a steel wire rope defect signal, including a spatial average width of a plurality of paths of signalsAnd average amplitude of multipath signaloutput is LMA type defect section loss percentage Q_LMA，

s201, fuzzifying input quantity, and determining the space average width of the signalAnd derive corresponding membership functions, and then based on the measuredCalculating the membership degree of each variable of the fuzzy subset, and obtaining the average amplitude of the signalmembership on each variable of the fuzzy subset;

S202, fuzzy logic reasoning and output quantity Q determination_LMAAnd their respective support values Q_LMA(i) summarizing and formulating fuzzy inference rule, and combining the fuzzy inference rule obtained in step S201andThe fuzzy membership degree result is obtained by adopting an MIN-MAX reasoning method to deduce the fuzzy logic value mu of each variable of the fuzzy subset of the output quantity_LMA(i)；

S203, performing defuzzification, and obtaining output quantity which is the loss percentage Q of the section of the steel wire rope by adopting a weighted average method_LMA

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of nondestructive inspection, and particularly relates to a nondestructive inspection analysis method for a steel wire rope.

Background

The steel wire rope has the characteristics of high strength, good elasticity, stable and reliable work, strong dynamic load bearing and overload bearing capacity and the like, and is widely applied to industries such as coal, metallurgy, traffic, tourism and the like. During use, the steel wire rope can be damaged to different degrees. In general, damage to steel cords can be classified into the following two broad categories:

(1) Local defect type (Localized Fault), abbreviated as LF type. The damage generated at the local position of the steel wire rope mainly comprises various wire breakage damages, rust spots, local shape abnormity and the like;

(2) The cross-sectional Loss type (Loss of matrix Area), called LMA for short. The damage to the total metal sectional area on the cross section of the steel wire rope is reduced, and the damage mainly comprises abrasion, large-area corrosion, tensile deformation and the like.

In order to ensure the use safety of the steel wire rope, a nondestructive flaw detector is required to perform nondestructive flaw detection on the state of the steel wire rope. In the detection process of using the nondestructive flaw detector, the steel wire rope has the defects that the LF type defects and the LMA type defects of the steel wire rope cause the change of steel wire rope defect signals to be inconsistent, and the criterions for judging whether the steel wire rope is scrapped are slightly different, so the damage type must be judged firstly for the detection of the steel wire rope, and then the steel wire rope defects are quantitatively analyzed. At present, a steel wire rope nondestructive inspection instrument based on a magnetic inspection method is always recognized as the most reliable steel wire rope inspection instrument.

disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a nondestructive inspection analysis method for a steel wire rope, which adopts qualitative and quantitative analysis methods for nondestructive inspection of the steel wire rope to effectively complete the analysis of the damage type and the damage degree of the steel wire rope.

The embodiment of the invention provides a nondestructive inspection analysis method for a steel wire rope,

the damage types of the steel wire rope are divided into an LF type and an LMA type, the damage types of the steel wire rope are judged through a decision matrix V of a calculation formula (18),

Wherein the content of the first and second substances,is a one-factor weight-assignment matrix,Is a matrix of fuzzy relations that is,

Wherein, mu_LFIndicates the possibility of a defect of the steel cord being of the local damage LF type, mu_LMAIndicating the possibility of a defective section of the steel cord damaging the LMA type if mu_LF>μ_LMAIf the defect type of the steel wire rope is LF, otherwise, the defect type of the steel wire rope is LMA.

Aiming at the LF type local defect damage of the steel wire rope, the space average width of the signal obtained by nondestructive inspection is obtainedAnd combined amplitudefuzzy reasoning is carried out to calculate the broken wire number Q of the steel wire rope_LF。

aiming at the LMA type defect damage of the steel wire rope, the space average width of the signal obtained by nondestructive inspection is obtainedand combined amplitudeThe section loss percentage Q of the steel wire rope can be calculated by fuzzy quantitative analysis_LMA。

In the embodiment of the invention, the steel wire rope nondestructive inspection analysis method for the magnetic inspection method is a qualitative and quantitative analysis method, on the basis that comprehensive magnetic flux leakage data of the steel wire rope are acquired by a magnetic sensor, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation strategy is adopted, an expert experience database obtained by practical experience summary is used, the standard deviation of the amplitude, the signal width and each radial component of a reference signal is synthesized, the damage type of the steel wire rope is accurately judged, and then the damage degree of the steel wire rope is accurately and quantitatively analyzed. Compared with the existing data analysis method, the analysis method has the advantages that the accuracy rate is greatly improved, the realization is simple and convenient, and the method is very suitable for the nondestructive flaw detector of the steel wire rope.

drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily apparent from the following detailed description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which:

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a fuzzy logic analysis process of a steel wire rope defect according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram of a steel wire rope defect signal.

FIG. 3 is a graph of a membership function of the spatial mean width of a signal for lesion type analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a graph of signal variance membership function for lesion type analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a graph of a signal comprehensive amplitude membership function for LF & LMA quantitative analysis according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph of the membership function of the mean width of the signal for LF quantitative analysis according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plot of membership function of mean width of signal for LMA quantitative analysis according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

According to one or more embodiments, a method for nondestructive inspection analysis of a steel wire rope includes arranging a plurality of magnetic sensor probes along a radial direction of the steel wire rope. In the engineering, the defect condition of the steel wire rope can be comprehensively reflected by generally arranging 6 probes, for convenience of explanation, the embodiment of the invention takes 6 magnetic sensor probes along the radial direction as an example, and the number of the magnetic sensor probes can be set according to objective requirements and condition conditions in practice. In the detection process of the steel wire rope, the steel wire rope needs to move in a detection instrument to pass through the sensor array. When the steel wire rope moves in the detection process, magnetic flux leakage data of 6 paths of sensors are collected and are used for a steel wire rope damage algorithm after processing such as filtering, time domain-space domain conversion and defect signal capture.

According to one or more embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, for a signal waveform obtained after a section of steel wire rope is detected, there are mainly the following three characteristic quantities that can be used for analyzing the steel wire rope defect:

(1) Synthesizing the widths of the 6 paths of signals to obtain a space average width,

The space width refers to the width of the steel wire rope defect signal distributed along the axial direction of the steel wire rope, wherein omega_iIs the width of the ith fluxgate defect signal.

(2) synthesizing the average value of the 6 paths of signal amplitude to obtain the signal comprehensive amplitude

wherein ξ_iIs the amplitude of the ith fluxgate defect signal.

(3) The variance of the mean of the 6-way signal amplitudes can be defined as the composite variance

The three characteristic quantities comprehensively reflect the information of each channel, and the overall damage condition of the steel wire rope can be comprehensively expressed.

Studies on steel wire ropes show that:

firstly, the LMA type is generally damaged in a large range, so that the width of a local abnormal area of a steel wire rope defect signal caused by the LMA type is larger than that of the LF type;

Secondly, because the LMA type defect is a large-area damage, the radial influence of the steel wire rope is necessarily far greater than that of the LF type defect, the radial influence of the steel wire rope can cause the detection signals of all 6 channels to change, and the reflection of the 6 channels of signals is basically consistent. In contrast, LF-type defects may affect only one or a few adjacent channels, which tends to result in very distinct differences in the variance of the amplitude of the defect signal,

This provides a basis for embodiments of the present invention to identify two types of defects in steel cords.

In the existing method, a determined threshold value is set or a complex mathematical model is constructed according to the width of a defect signal and the variance of each path of signal, so as to judge the type of the defect of the steel wire rope. Since the defect type of the steel wire rope is a fuzzy concept, accurate division is difficult. A slight LMA type defect may be considered as LF type, while an LF type defect with some spread in the radial direction may also be considered as LMA type. The ambiguity makes it difficult for the traditional deterministic determination to accurately determine the type of damage to the wire rope. Similarly, if the existing method is adopted to carry out quantitative analysis on the defects of the steel wire rope (the quantitative analysis of the steel wire rope comprises the calculation of the number of broken wires of the LF type defects and the section damage proportion of the LMA type defects), ambiguity also exists, and the accuracy is also insufficient.

The embodiment of the invention can overcome the defects of the conventional method to a certain extent by adopting a fuzzy method, and because the deterministic division is not carried out according to the critical value of the defect of the steel wire rope, the inaccuracy of the intermediate transition interval caused by the deterministic judgment is avoided, the expert experience and the experimental result are converted into a model which can be accepted by a computer, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is realized, and the analysis result is more objective.

As shown in fig. 1, a steel wire rope defect fuzzy logic analysis flow diagram of a steel wire rope nondestructive inspection analysis method. The characteristic quantity for determining the defect type of the steel wire rope is mainly the space average width of 6 paths of defect signalsAnd the integrated variance σ of the 6-way defect signal²Is then provided with

Is a set of factors. Experimental analysis shows that the two characteristic quantities have different influences on the judgment of the defect type of the steel wire rope, the effect of the comprehensive variance is larger than the space average width, the comprehensive variance accounts for about 60% of the weight, the width accounts for only 40%, and then a single-factor weight distribution matrix can be obtained

And is also provided with

V＝[μ_LF μ_LMA] (10)

Is a judgment matrix in which mu_LFIndicates the possibility of a defect of the wire rope being a local damage, mu_LMAand the possibility of the damage of the defective section of the steel wire rope is shown, and finally, the defect type is judged according to the sizes of the two values.

Considering only the variance σ²Or widthThe single factor judgment can be made to further obtain a single factor judgment vector. Experiments show that the steel wire rope LF type damage and the comprehensive width of the local abnormal area of the defect signalNot more than 20cm, and the spatial average width of LMA type defect signal local abnormal regionGenerally, the average width of the signal is not less than 10cm, so that membership functions of the spatial average width of the signal to LF-type defects and LMA-type defects can be obtained, and for convenience of calculation, a polygonal line function is adopted, as shown in fig. 3.

the mathematical expression is as follows:

Then with respect to the characteristic quantityThe single factor evaluation vector is

In the same way, the list of the comprehensive variance can be obtainedAnd (5) judging factors. The study shows that the variance σ of local abnormal signals caused by LF type defects²Not less than 0.2, variance σ of local abnormal signal caused by LMA type defect²Not more than 0.1, so that their membership functions are respectively obtained as shown in FIG. 4. The mathematical expression is as follows:

Then, regarding the feature quantity σ²The single factor evaluation vector is

The two single-factor evaluation vectors are integrated to form a fuzzy relation matrix

Using fuzzy relation matricesAnd a one-factor weight distribution matrixA decision matrix V can be derived

according to the decision matrix, the defect type of the steel wire rope can be comprehensively diagnosed, if mu is_LF>μ_LMAThe defect type is LF, otherwise LMA.

After the damage type is determined, quantitative analysis is carried out on the defects of the steel wire rope.

the LF local defects can be equivalent to broken filaments in engineering, and the number of the broken filaments is taken as a target of quantitative analysis. So as to break the filament by the number Q_LFAs the output quantity of fuzzy reasoning, three subset members, namely, few, medium and mann, are defined for the fuzzy reasoning, respectively represent that the number of broken filaments is small, medium and large, and the support values of the members are Q_few1 root, Q_medium5, Q_many10 pieces. Spatial average width of signalAnd combined amplitudeAnd fuzzy quantitative analysis is carried out to calculate the number of broken steel wire ropes.

(1) Fuzzification

The precise amount of the inputAndAnd converting into membership functions of corresponding fuzzy subsets. This example defines the comprehensive amplitude of the wire rope defect signalThe subset members of (A) are five labels of I, II, III, IV and V, which sequentially represent small, medium, large and large; defining a spatial average width of a signalThe members of the subset of (1) are three labels I, II and III, which sequentially represent narrow, medium and wide.

Signal comprehensive amplitude in LF quantitative analysisCan be defined as shown in figure (5) and has a mathematical expression of

Average width of signal in LF quantitationIs defined as shown in figure (6), and the corresponding mathematical expression is

Then, from the input quantities, the corresponding fuzzy inputs can be calculated:

[μ_ξI μ_ξII μ_ξIII μ_ξIv μ_ξv]And [ mu ] and_ωI μ_ωII μ_ωIII]the first step of fuzzy logic analysis, fuzzification, is accomplished by converting the measured precise input quantities into fuzzy degrees of membership to each subset member.

(2) Fuzzy logic reasoning

Obtaining a fuzzy logic inference rule table according to expert experience and experimental tests

TABLE (1) LF Defect fuzzy logic inference rule Table

And according to a general MIN-MAX reasoning rule, when a plurality of input variables exist, the minimum force is taken as the force of the rule, and when a plurality of rules contain the same conclusion, the maximum force is taken as the fuzzy logic output value of the conclusion. The fuzzy logic value [ mu ] of three labels of the number of the broken wire of the steel wire rope can be obtained in the step_few μ_mesium μ_many]。

(3) Defuzzification

The defuzzification is the conversion of the output quantity into a value of an output variable, also called fuzzy decision. The present embodiment employs a weighted average method, i.e.

The quantitative analysis of the section loss of the steel wire rope LMA type defect is basically similar to the quantitative analysis of a local defect, but the membership function definition and the fuzzy inference rule are slightly different. For LMA type defects, the engineering can be equivalent to section loss, and the section loss percentage is taken as a target of quantitative analysis. So as to reduce the loss percentage Q of the section_LMAAs the output quantity of fuzzy reasoning, three subset members light, modert and serious are defined for the fuzzy reasoning, which respectively represent slight, medium and severe loss, and the support values of the three subset members are Q_light＝5％，Q_moderat＝15％，Q_serious25%. Spatial average width of signalAnd combined amplitudeCarrying out fuzzy quantitative classificationThe analysis can calculate the percentage of the cross-sectional loss of the steel cord.

(1) Fuzzification

The precise amount of the inputAndAnd converting into membership functions of corresponding fuzzy subsets. This example defines the comprehensive amplitude of the wire rope defect signalThe subset members of (A) are five labels of I, II, III, IV and V, which sequentially represent small, medium, large and large; spatial average width of signalThe members of the subset of (1) are three labels I, II and III, which sequentially represent narrow, medium and wide. Integrated amplitude in LMA quantitative analysisthe definition of the membership functions of (a) is consistent with the quantitative analysis of LF, as shown in FIG. 5, and the mathematical expressions are as shown in equations (19) to (23).

spatial average width of signal in LMA quantitative analysisIs defined as shown in FIG. 7, and the corresponding mathematical expression is

Then, from the input quantities, the corresponding fuzzy inputs can be calculated:

[μ_ξI μ_ξII μ_ξIII μ_ξIV μ_ξV]And [ mu ] and_ωI μ_ωII μ_ωIII]The first step of fuzzy logic analysis, fuzzification, is accomplished by converting the measured precise input quantities into fuzzy degrees of membership to each subset member.

(2) Fuzzy logic reasoning

First, a corresponding inference rule is formulated. Through experiments, a fuzzy logic reasoning rule table for quantitative analysis of the section loss is obtained and is shown in (2). By adopting MIN-MAX reasoning rule, fuzzy logic values [ mu ] of three labels of the section loss of the steel wire rope can be obtained_light μ_moderat μ_serious]。

TABLE (2) LMA fuzzy logic inference rule Table

(3) Defuzzification

The defuzzification is the conversion of the output quantity into a value of an output variable, also called fuzzy decision. The present embodiment employs a weighted average method, i.e.

In conclusion, by adopting the method of the embodiment, expert experience and experimental data can be converted into a model which can be accepted by a computer, comprehensive fuzzy identification is carried out on the damage type and the damage degree of the steel wire rope, and accurate assessment on the damage condition of the steel wire rope is realized. The embodiment has the advantages of simple implementation, accurate analysis, high reliability and the like, is suitable for being implemented by software programming of a single chip microcomputer, and can be widely applied to a steel wire rope nondestructive testing instrument. The skilled person can make minor changes and adjustments by reading the present embodiment, for example: it would not be lost to the spirit and scope of the present invention that the number of members of the fuzzy subset of the input quantity be increased, or that the membership function be a curve rather than a polyline as described in this patent.

According to one or more embodiments, fig. 2 shows a data waveform acquired by a section of actual steel wire rope detection, the running speed of the steel wire rope is set to be 2 m/s, the data sampling rate is 200Hz, the distance between sampling points is 1 cm, and the data of the section has a total of 400 sampling points. Of which there are four significant defect signals, of which the third signal has a spatially averaged widthIntegrated average amplitudeintegrated variance σ²＝0.1409。

A defect type analysis is first performed.

μ_LF(σ²)＝-1+10*0.1409＝0.409

μ_LMA(σ²)＝2-10*0.1409＝0.591

According to the principle of maximum membership, mu_LF＜μ_LMAAnd judging that the damage of the steel wire rope at the position belongs to an LMA type.

The quantitative analysis was continued next.

(1) Fuzzification

μ_ξI＝0

μ_ξII＝0

μ_ξIII＝-2.9983+3.5＝0.5017

μ_ξIV＝2.9983-2.5＝0.4983

μ_ξv＝0

μ_ωI＝-0.25*15.5+4＝0.125

μ_ωII＝0.25*15.5-3＝0.875

μ_ωIII＝0

(2) fuzzy logic reasoning

According to the LMA defect fuzzy logic inference rule table in the table (2), the logic values of all logic rule conclusions can be obtained by adopting an MIN inference rule in the first step, as shown by the numbers in the following table.

According to the MAX reasoning rule, the final fuzzy logic value of each subset member can be obtained as

μ_light＝0.125

μ_moderat＝0.5017

μ_serious＝0

(3) Defuzzification

I.e., the amount of cross-sectional loss here was 13.02%.

according to the qualitative and quantitative analysis method for the nondestructive inspection of the steel wire rope, the expert experience and the experimental result are converted into the model which can be accepted by a computer based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation strategy, the magnetic flux leakage data of the steel wire rope obtained by the fluxgate array detection is comprehensively and fuzzily identified, the damage type of the steel wire rope is judged, then the degree of the steel wire rope damage is quantitatively analyzed, the accurate evaluation of the damage condition of the steel wire rope is realized, and the analysis result is more objective.

those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the components and steps of the examples have been described in a functional general in the foregoing description for the purpose of illustrating clearly the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.

The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention essentially or partially contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.

While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.