阅读说明：本技术 用于股骨和胫骨的截骨复位装置 (Osteotomy reduction device for femur and tibia ) 是由 颉强 乐鑫 龚鹤广 郑卜纵 于 2018-06-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种用于股骨和胫骨的截骨复位装置,包括基板,所述基板的前端设有可前后翻转并锁定的调节块,所述调节块上开有平行设置的一个对中通孔和至少一个第一定位通孔,所述基板的后端沿左右方向设有垂直于基板的角度盘；所述角度盘上设有沿刻度线分布方向延伸的圆弧形轨道,所述角度盘的中心线垂直于基板,所述角度盘上设有可沿圆弧形轨道移动并且定位的滑块,所述滑块上开设有第二定位通孔,所述对中通孔的中心线和角度盘的中心线始终在同一平面内,且所述第二定位通孔的中心线始终与角度盘上的一条刻度线相平行。本发明能够准确的保证股骨的旋转复位角度,并且操作容易。(The invention provides a osteotomy reduction device for thighbone and shinbone, which comprises a base plate, wherein the front end of the base plate is provided with an adjusting block which can be turned over forwards and backwards and locked, the adjusting block is provided with a centering through hole and at least one first positioning through hole which are arranged in parallel, and the rear end of the base plate is provided with an angle scale perpendicular to the base plate along the left-right direction; the angle scale is characterized in that an arc-shaped track extending along the distribution direction of the scale marks is arranged on the angle scale, the center line of the angle scale is perpendicular to the substrate, a sliding block capable of moving along the arc-shaped track and positioning is arranged on the angle scale, a second positioning through hole is formed in the sliding block, the center line of the centering through hole and the center line of the angle scale are always in the same plane, and the center line of the second positioning through hole is always parallel to one scale mark on the angle scale. The invention can accurately ensure the rotation reduction angle of the femur and is easy to operate.)

1. An osteotomy reduction device for a femur and a tibia, comprising: the locking device comprises a substrate (1), wherein the front end of the substrate (1) is provided with an adjusting block (2) which can be turned over back and forth and locked, the adjusting block (2) is provided with a centering through hole (21) and at least one first positioning through hole (22) which are arranged in parallel, and the rear end of the substrate (1) is provided with an angle scale (3) which is vertical to the substrate (1) along the left-right direction; the angle scale is characterized in that an arc-shaped track (31) extending along the distribution direction of scale marks is arranged on the angle scale (3), the center line of the angle scale (3) is perpendicular to the substrate (1), a sliding block (4) capable of moving along the arc-shaped track (31) and positioning is arranged on the angle scale (3), a second positioning through hole (41) is formed in the sliding block (4), the center line of the centering through hole (21) and the center line of the angle scale (3) are always in the same plane, and the center line of the second positioning through hole (41) is always parallel to one scale mark on the angle scale (3).

2. The osteotomy reduction device for the femur and tibia of claim 1, wherein: the front end of the base plate (1) is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves (11) in the front-back direction, the adjusting block (2) is provided with a clamping block (23) matched with the clamping grooves, and the clamping block (23) is connected with the adjusting block (2) through bolts.

3. The osteotomy reduction device for the femur and tibia of claim 1, wherein: adjusting block (2) are gone up to open has slide (24), and with slide (24) complex be equipped with movable part (25), centering through-hole (21) and first location through-hole (22) are all seted up on movable part (25).

4. The osteotomy reduction device for the femur and tibia of claim 3, wherein: the movable part (25) is provided with a handle (26).

5. The osteotomy reduction device for the femur and tibia of claim 1, wherein: the arc-shaped track (31) is a groove body arranged on the angle scale (3), and the sliding block (4) moves along the groove body.

6. The osteotomy reduction device for the femur and tibia of claim 5, wherein: slider (4) are including first splint (43) and second splint (44) through bolt (42) connection, and first splint (43) and second splint (44) are located the both sides of cell body, are equipped with the cooperation portion that inserts the cell body on first splint (43), and second positioning hole (41) are seted up on first splint (43).

7. The osteotomy reduction device for the femur and tibia of claim 1, wherein: the two first positioning through holes (22) are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the centering through hole (21).

8. The osteotomy reduction device for the femur and tibia of claim 1, wherein: the angle scale (3) is in plug fit with the base plate (1).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a medical instrument for femoral osteotomy and tibial osteotomy, in particular to an osteotomy reduction device for femoral and tibial osteotomy.

Background

Due to genetic or congenital development problems, some children have malformation of lower limb after birth, which results in lower limb osteotomy reduction at a certain age to restore normal physiological structure.

For children with lower limb growth deformity, the common surgical treatment includes four ways of proximal femur osteotomy reduction, distal femur osteotomy reduction, proximal tibia osteotomy reduction and distal tibia reduction, and in some cases, a combined surgical way of the four ways is also possible.

For some children with severe skeletal development deformity of lower limbs, the conventional osteotomy reduction also needs to perform rotary reduction on the skeleton. At present, the proximal femur rotation and inversion osteotomy methods are more, and the common methods include a line drawing method and an angle measuring method. Research shows that when the line drawing method is adopted to carry out femur rotation osteotomy, the suture used for measuring the circumference of the osteotomy position has certain elasticity and different thicknesses, and particularly for children, the femur of the children is not mature, the circumference of the femoral shaft of the osteotomy position is smaller, so that the deviation of the line drawing method correction angle is larger than the pre-operation predicted value. Most osteotomy planes are near the lesser trochanter level, and morphological irregularities have some effect on circumference measurements, exacerbating errors. However, when the angle measuring method is used for the femur rotation osteotomy, the accuracy is theoretically increased, but when the kirschner wires are actually operated for positioning, the two kirschner wires on the distal femur condyle and the proximal femur are difficult to be just intersected at the center of the osteotomy surface, and large errors can occur when deviation (especially among young physicians with insufficient experience) occurs. Aims at breaking through the space in the technology.

As described above, in the prior art, there is no clear solution to the above problems clinically, and the conventional empirical procedure is still used, and there is no precise method for dealing with the rotation reduction for the osteotomy reduction of the lower limb deformity of the child, which brings inconvenience to the surgical operation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an osteotomy reduction device for thighbone and tibia, which has accurate rotation reduction and simple operation and overcomes the defects in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a osteotomy reduction device for thighbone and shinbone comprises a base plate, wherein the front end of the base plate is provided with an adjusting block which can be turned over back and forth and locked, the adjusting block is provided with a centering through hole and at least one first positioning through hole which are arranged in parallel, and the rear end of the base plate is provided with an angle scale perpendicular to the base plate along the left-right direction; the angle scale is characterized in that an arc-shaped track extending along the distribution direction of the scale marks is arranged on the angle scale, the center line of the angle scale is perpendicular to the substrate, a sliding block capable of moving along the arc-shaped track and positioning is arranged on the angle scale, a second positioning through hole is formed in the sliding block, the center line of the centering through hole and the center line of the angle scale are always in the same plane, and the center line of the second positioning through hole is always parallel to one scale mark on the angle scale.

Preferably, the front end of the base plate is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves along the front-back direction, the adjusting block is provided with a clamping block matched with the clamping grooves, and the clamping block is connected with the adjusting block through a bolt.

Preferably, the regulating block is provided with a slide way, a movable part is arranged on the regulating block in a matched mode with the slide way, and the centering through hole and the first positioning through hole are arranged on the movable part.

Furthermore, a handle is arranged on the movable part.

Preferably, the circular arc-shaped track is a groove body formed in the angle scale, and the sliding block moves along the groove body.

Further, the slider includes first splint and second splint through bolted connection, and first splint and second splint are located the both sides of cell body, are equipped with the cooperation portion that inserts the cell body on the first splint, and second positioning hole sets up on first splint.

Preferably, the first positioning through holes are provided with two parts and are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the centering through hole.

Preferably, the angle scale is matched with the base plate in an inserted manner.

As described above, the present invention provides an osteotomy reduction device for femur and tibia, which has the following advantages:

the invention is suitable for the osteotomy reduction of the thighbone and the tibia, can accurately ensure the rotary reduction angle of the thighbone through the matching action of the base plate, the adjusting block, the angle disc and the sliding block, and is easy to operate. The invention mainly plays a role in auxiliary rotary positioning, has no strict requirement on material selection and is low in cost. The invention has versatility to patients requiring femoral reduction.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partial structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a reference view of the present invention engaged with a k-wire.

Fig. 4 is a first reference view of a femoral osteotomy procedure.

Fig. 5 is a second reference view of a femoral osteotomy procedure.

Fig. 6 is a third reference view of a femoral osteotomy procedure.

FIG. 7 is a fourth reference view of a femoral osteotomy procedure.

Fig. 8 is a fifth reference view of a femoral osteotomy procedure.

In the figure:

1 base plate 2 regulating block

3-degree scale 4 sliding block

11 clamping groove 21 centering through hole

22 first positioning through hole 23 fixture block

24 slideway 25 movable part

26 handle 31 arc track

41 second positioning through hole 42 bolt

43 first clamping plate 44 second clamping plate

51 first k-wire 52 second k-wire

53 third kirschner wire 54 fourth kirschner wire

100 proximal femur 101

102 distal end 200 bone plate

Detailed Description

The structures, proportions, and dimensions shown in the drawings and described in the specification are for understanding and reading the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, which is defined in the claims, and are not essential to the skilled in the art. In addition, the terms "left", "right", "front", "rear" and "middle" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the relative positions may be changed or adjusted without substantial technical changes.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the osteotomy reduction device for femur and tibia of the present invention comprises a base plate 1, wherein an adjusting block 2 capable of being turned back and forth and locked is arranged at the front end of the base plate 1, a centering through hole 21 and at least one first positioning through hole 22 are arranged on the adjusting block 2 in parallel, and an angle scale 3 perpendicular to the base plate 1 is arranged at the rear end of the base plate 1 along the left-right direction. The angle scale is characterized in that the angle scale 3 is provided with an arc-shaped track 31 extending along the distribution direction of the scale marks, the center line of the angle scale 3 is perpendicular to the substrate 1, the angle scale 3 is provided with a sliding block 4 capable of moving and positioning along the arc-shaped track 31, and the sliding block 4 is provided with a second positioning through hole 41. The center line of the centering through hole 21 and the center line of the angle scale 3 are always in the same plane, and the center line of the second positioning through hole 41 is always parallel to a scale mark on the angle scale 3. The angle scale 3 can also be called a circular dial, the scale lines of the angle scale extend and then intersect at one point, and the central line of the angle scale 3 passes through the intersection point; that is, in practical use, when the slide block 4 is adjusted in position along the circular arc-shaped track 31, the center line of the second positioning through hole 41 is parallel to one of all the graduation lines. The front-back direction and the left-right direction in the present invention are perpendicular to each other, which is common knowledge. Referring to fig. 3, the centering through hole 21, the first positioning through hole 22 and the second positioning through hole 41 are all used for passing through the kirschner wire in practical use.

The structure principle and the using method of the present invention are described by taking the example of osteotomy reduction of femur with reference to fig. 1-8, and the details are as follows:

(1) with reference to fig. 1 and 4, the position of a femur 100 of a human body is dissected, according to the requirement of an operation position, a hand-held substrate 1 is placed on the femur 100, one side of an adjusting block 2 is positioned on one side of the femoral head, for convenience of description, one side of the femoral head is a proximal end 101, the opposite side of the femoral head is a distal end 102, and an angle scale 3 is positioned on the distal end 102. The adjusting block 2 is turned to the right position and locked according to the actual position situation, refer to fig. 4 in particular.

(2) With reference to fig. 1 and 4, a first kirschner wire 51 is inserted into the centering through hole 21, a second kirschner wire 52 is inserted into the first positioning through hole 22, and both the first and second kirschner wires 51 and 52 are nailed into the front end 101, so as to realize positioning. Preferably, the first k-wire 51 is a 2.0 x 80mm k-wire and the second k-wire 52 is a 2.8 x 200mm k-wire.

(3) Referring to fig. 1 and 4, according to the angle that the proximal end 101 and the distal end 102 need to be rotated and reset in the surgical plan, the slider 4 is adjusted to the required position and locked, and then the third kirschner wire 53 is arranged in the second positioning through hole 41 in a penetrating manner, and the third kirschner wire 53 is nailed into the distal end 102. Preferably, the third k-wire 53 is a 2.0 x 80mm k-wire. At this time, in conjunction with fig. 4 and 5, the first k-wire 51 and the third k-wire 53 are not coplanar, but the extension of the third k-wire 53 is always parallel to one of the angular scale marks regardless of the displacement of the slider 4.

(4) The angle scale 3, the adjustment block 2 and the basic 1 of the invention are all removed, as shown in fig. 5, leaving only the first, second and third k-wires 51, 52, 53.

(5) The femur 100 is osteotomized as shown in fig. 6, and then the proximal end 101 or the distal end 102 is rotated to perform anatomical reduction, when the first k-wire 51 on the proximal end 101 and the third k-wire 53 on the distal end 102 are in the same plane, the reduction is initially completed, and the proximal end 101 and the distal end 102 are positioned by using a professional device, so as to ensure that the relative positions of the first k-wire 51 and the third k-wire 53 are stable. In this step, after the proximal end 101 and the distal end 102 are relatively rotated, which is equivalent to that the third k-wire 53 moves to the position of the center line of the angle scale 3, because the center line of the centering through hole 21 and the center line of the angle scale 3 are always in the same plane, the first k-wire 51 and the third k-wire 53 are coplanar, and the rotation angle meets the requirement.

(6) As shown in fig. 7, the bone plate 200 is mounted at the proximal end 101 of the femur 100 by the first and second k-wires 51, 52, and the tail recess of the bone plate 200 is implanted with the fourth k-wire 54 of 2.8 × 80mm toward the distal end 102, so that the first k-wire 51, the third k-wire 53 and the fourth k-wire 54 are all in the same plane, and the position of the bone plate 200 is also defined.

(7) As shown in fig. 8, according to a conventional method, bone screws are implanted into the proximal femur 101 and the distal femur 102 through the through holes of the bone plate 200 while all the k-wires are removed one by one from the proximal end 101 and the distal end 102, the femoral reduction is completed, and the wound is sutured.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of clamping grooves 11 are formed in the front end of the base plate 1 along the front-back direction, a clamping block 23 matched with the clamping grooves is arranged on the adjusting block 2, and the clamping block 23 is connected with the adjusting block 2 through bolts. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: all the slots 11 are opened along the arc direction so as to be matched with the clamping blocks 23 for use. When the adjusting block is used, the bolt is unscrewed, the adjusting block 2 with the clamping block 23 can be freely overturned, the clamping block 23 can be inserted into different clamping grooves 11, when the clamping block 23 is inserted into the clamping groove 11, the bolt is screwed, the clamping block 23 cannot move any more, and the position of the adjusting block 2 is locked. In other embodiments, a front-back direction hole plate may be disposed on the substrate 1, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the hole plate, and the adjusting block 2 is provided with positioning holes, and the adjusting block 2 is adjusted and locked by inserting pins through the through holes in the hole plate and matching with the positioning holes.

In a preferred embodiment, in order to facilitate the operation of the doctor, as shown in fig. 2, the adjusting block 2 is provided with a slide way 24, and with reference to fig. 1 to 3, a movable portion 25 is provided in cooperation with the slide way 24, and both the centering through hole 21 and the first positioning through hole 22 are provided on the movable portion 25. The movable part 25 and the adjusting block 2 are detachably arranged, so that the movable part and the adjusting block can be conveniently stored. The movable part 25 is provided with a rod-shaped handle 26 for facilitating operation and use during surgery.

In the preferred embodiment, the circular arc track 31 is a slot opened on the angle scale 3, along which the slider 4 moves. The slider 4 includes first splint 43 and second splint 44 through bolted connection 42, and first splint 43 and second splint 44 are located the both sides of cell body, are equipped with the cooperation portion that inserts the cell body on the first splint 43, and second positioning hole 41 sets up on first splint 43.

In a preferred embodiment, with reference to fig. 1, the first positioning through holes 22 are two and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the centering through hole 21.

In the preferred embodiment, the angle scale 3 is a snap fit with the base plate 1 for ease of use.

The central line of the angle scale 3 in the invention is a zero-degree line, the scales of the zero-degree line respectively form 50 degrees towards two sides, namely the whole 100 degrees, and the sliding block 4 can move in an arc range of 100 degrees. Other angle ranges can be designed according to actual needs.

In the design of the angle scale, in order to ensure the accuracy of the rotating angle when the tibia is restored, a diaphysis axis with the diameter of 20mm is taken as a rotating center, namely, points on the angle scale 3, which are intersected after all scale marks extend, are virtual points on the center of a diaphysis section, although the thicknesses of human bones are different, the points are within an allowable deviation range, and therefore the actual effect is not influenced.

In conclusion, the invention is used for the osteotomy reduction device of the femur and the tibia, effectively overcomes some practical problems in the prior art, and has high utilization value and use significance.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Many modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.