阅读说明：本技术 一种大直径金属内球面的超声滚压装置 (Ultrasonic rolling device for large-diameter metal inner spherical surface ) 是由 李朵朵 付秀丽 潘永智 门秀花 于 2019-10-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种大直径金属内球面的超声滚压装置,主要包括刀具伸缩装置、刀架摆动装置、定心装置、空心支撑主轴以及传动系统；刀架摆动装置的摆架通过两转轴与主轴套连接,主轴套通过配合固定于空心支撑主轴；通过螺钉固定于摆架的连接座安装移动装置和超声滚压头导轨组成刀具伸缩装置；定心装置通过螺钉固定于空心支撑主轴,与定心架配合的定心轴下端方头穿过并支撑主轴套；伺服电机通过同步带连接传动丝杠,与传动丝杠配合的滑块螺母与连接座通过导杆连接；导杆运动实现摆架绕转轴上下摆动,在移动装置的带动下,超声滚压头在导轨上实现轴向进给运动,本发明可实现金属内球面多维度的超声滚压加工任务,具有结构简单、操作方便的特点。(The invention provides an ultrasonic rolling device for a large-diameter metal inner spherical surface, which mainly comprises a cutter telescopic device, a cutter rest swinging device, a centering device, a hollow support main shaft and a transmission system, wherein the cutter telescopic device is arranged on the cutter rest swinging device; the swing frame of the tool rest swinging device is connected with a main shaft sleeve through two rotating shafts, and the main shaft sleeve is fixed on the hollow supporting main shaft through matching; a cutter telescopic device is formed by a connecting seat fixed on the swing frame through screws, a moving device and an ultrasonic rolling head guide rail; the centering device is fixed on the hollow supporting spindle through a screw, and a square head at the lower end of the centering shaft matched with the centering frame penetrates through and supports the spindle sleeve; the servo motor is connected with a transmission screw rod through a synchronous belt, and a slide block nut matched with the transmission screw rod is connected with the connecting seat through a guide rod; the guide rod moves to realize the up-and-down swing of the swing frame around the rotating shaft, and the ultrasonic rolling head realizes the axial feed motion on the guide rail under the driving of the moving device.)

1. The utility model provides an supersound rolling press device of sphere in major diameter metal, includes cutter telescoping device, knife rest pendulous device, centring means, hollow support main shaft and transmission system, characterized by: the cutter telescopic device comprises a connecting seat, an air cylinder, a dovetail groove guide rail, a sliding block and an ultrasonic rolling head; the ultrasonic rolling head is arranged on a dovetail groove guide rail on the connecting seat and is connected with the air cylinder; the tool rest swinging device comprises a servo motor, a synchronous belt, a transmission lead screw, a slide block nut, a guide rod and a swinging frame; the servo motor is connected with one end of a synchronous belt, the other end of the synchronous belt is connected with a transmission lead screw, a sliding block nut and the lead screw are matched and fixed in the guide rail, one end of the guide rod is connected with the sliding block nut, and the other end of the guide rod is connected with the swing frame; the centering device comprises a centering shaft, a centering frame and a main shaft sleeve; the centering frame is fixed on the hollow supporting main shaft.

2. The ultrasonic rolling device for the large-diameter metal inner spherical surface according to claim 1, wherein: a threaded hole is drilled in one end of the swing frame, and the connecting seat is fixed on the swing frame through a screw; the dovetail groove guide rail is arranged on the connecting seat, and the ultrasonic rolling head is provided with a slide block and matched with the dovetail groove guide rail.

3. The ultrasonic rolling device for the large-diameter metal inner spherical surface according to claim 1, wherein: the hollow support main shaft is provided with a T-shaped guide rail, and a slide block nut matched with the transmission lead screw is fixed in the T-shaped guide rail; one end of the guide rod is connected with a slider nut through a double-end stud, and the other end of the guide rod is connected with a swing frame; the tool rest swinging device is connected to the swinging frame through a double-end stud.

4. The ultrasonic rolling device for the large-diameter metal inner spherical surface according to claim 1, wherein: four threaded holes are drilled in the hollow support main shaft, and the centering frame is fixed on the hollow support main shaft through screws; a threaded hole is drilled on the centering frame, the centering shaft is matched with the threaded hole, and the other end of the centering shaft is connected with the main shaft sleeve.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an ultrasonic rolling device for a large-diameter metal inner spherical surface, and belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic rolling processing.

Background

Compared with ultrasonic rolling processing of a cylindrical surface, a conical surface, an end surface and a curved surface, the ultrasonic rolling processing technology of the inner spherical surface is more complex, especially the inner spherical surface of a large-sized workpiece is processed, a special processing device or a special machine for turning the inner spherical surface must be designed and manufactured, the investment cost is high, and the surface roughness meeting the use requirement is difficult to obtain. On a special occasion or high-precision equipment, the machining precision of a part can directly influence the service life of the equipment and the surface roughness of a machined workpiece; usually, a boring machine or a grinding machine is used for machining the large-diameter inner spherical surface, but the machining efficiency is low, and the machining precision is difficult to guarantee.

The ultrasonic rolling technology is characterized in that normal static pressure is preset on the surface of a workpiece by means of a rolling tool head, ultrasonic impact vibration of 30kHz is applied at the same time, and the surface layer of the workpiece is promoted to generate high-strain-rate elastoplastic deformation and grain refinement behaviors under a set feeding condition, so that the ironing peak and valley filling type surface finishing and strengthening effects are achieved. Can improve the surface characteristics of the material and improve the wear resistance and fatigue life. Ultrasonic machining belongs to precision machining, has efficient, with low costs, pollution-free characteristics, on the basis of semi-finish turning, only needs a process just can make the part surface reach the mirror surface effect. The ultrasonic rolling device can be directly arranged on a corresponding tool rest of a machine tool or arranged on an ultrasonic processing device, and ultrasonic processing on the surface of the metal workpiece is completed under the driving of the ultrasonic processing device. So far, due to the problems of complexity of installation of an ultrasonic rolling device, freedom degree of a machine tool spindle and the like when an inner spherical surface is machined, precise machining of the inner spherical surface is difficult to realize.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an ultrasonic rolling device for a large-diameter metal inner spherical surface, aiming at the defects of the existing ultrasonic metal inner surface processing device.

The invention aims to provide an ultrasonic rolling device for a large-diameter metal inner spherical surface, which adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an supersound rolling press device of sphere in major diameter metal, includes cutter telescoping device, knife rest pendulous device, centring means, hollow support main shaft and transmission system, characterized by: the cutter telescopic device comprises a connecting seat, an air cylinder, a dovetail groove guide rail, a sliding block and an ultrasonic rolling head; the ultrasonic rolling head is arranged on a dovetail groove guide rail on the connecting seat and is connected with the air cylinder; the tool rest swinging device comprises a servo motor, a synchronous belt, a transmission lead screw, a slide block nut, a guide rod and a swinging frame; the servo motor is connected with one end of a synchronous belt, the other end of the synchronous belt is connected with a transmission lead screw, a sliding block nut and the lead screw are matched and fixed in the guide rail, one end of the guide rod is connected with the sliding block nut, and the other end of the guide rod is connected with the swing frame; the centering device comprises a centering shaft, a centering frame and a main shaft sleeve; the centering frame is fixed on the hollow supporting main shaft.

A threaded hole is drilled in one end of the swing frame, and the connecting seat is fixed on the swing frame through a screw; the ultrasonic rolling head is provided with a slide block and matched with the dovetail groove guide rail; an air cylinder can be used as a moving device, and the ultrasonic cutter is pushed by air pressure to flexibly move on the dovetail groove guide rail.

The hollow support main shaft is provided with a T-shaped guide rail, and a slide block nut matched with the transmission lead screw is fixed in the T-shaped guide rail; one end of the guide rod is connected with a slider nut through a double-end stud, and the other end of the guide rod is connected with a swing frame; the tool rest swinging device is connected to the swinging frame through a double-end stud.

Four threaded holes are drilled in the hollow support main shaft, and the centering frame is fixed on the hollow support main shaft through screws; a threaded hole is drilled on the centering frame, the centering shaft is matched with the threaded hole, and the other end of the centering shaft is connected with the main shaft sleeve.

A through hole is drilled on the main shaft sleeve, so that the centering shaft penetrates through the through hole, and the square head at the bottom end is in contact with the lower end of the main shaft sleeve to realize a supporting effect, and therefore the axial position of the main shaft sleeve can be adjusted.

The tool rest swinging device adopts a servo motor to provide power, and the servo motor is connected with the transmission screw rod through a synchronous belt.

When the device is used, the whole device provides power by virtue of a variable frequency motor and a servo motor, and the tool rest swinging device drives the swing frame to swing up and down in a reciprocating manner; the ultrasonic rolling head moves on the dovetail groove guide rail under the driving of the air cylinder, and the ultrasonic rolling head contacts the inner surface of the workpiece to perform ultrasonic metal surface machining; meanwhile, the workbench can stably rotate through bevel gear transmission.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention greatly simplifies the clamping mode of the workpiece by optimizing the installation of the ultrasonic rolling head and increasing the freedom degree of the main shaft of the machine tool, simultaneously reduces the complexity of a cutter system when an inner spherical surface is processed, enlarges the process range of the machine tool processing, and finally forms complete inner spherical surface ultrasonic rolling equipment;

2. due to the use of the ultrasonic rolling technology, lower surface roughness can be obtained, and meanwhile, the processing efficiency is improved;

3. the device has simple and reliable structure.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a general configuration diagram of the apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a-a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an ultrasonic rolling head axial retraction device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. synchronous belt, 2, drive screw, 3, deep groove ball bearing, 4, guide rod, 5, connecting seat, 6, rotary table, 7, bevel pinion, 8, drive shaft, 9, planetary gear reducer, 10, variable frequency motor, 11, bevel pinion, 12, centering shaft, 13, centering frame, 14, hollow support spindle, 15, servo motor, 16, rotating shaft, 17, spindle sleeve, 18, slider nut, 19, swing frame, 20, dovetail guide rail, 21, slider, 22, cylinder, 23, ultrasonic rolling head.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the following will further describe the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, in the ultrasonic rolling device for the large-diameter metal inner spherical surface, a swing frame 19 is connected with a spindle sleeve 17 through a rotating shaft 16, the rotating shaft 16 is fixed on the spindle sleeve 17 through threads, and in order to ensure the rotation precision of the swing frame 19, a deep groove ball bearing is arranged between the swing frame 19 and the rotating shaft 16, so that the swing frame 19 can realize reciprocating swing around the rotating shaft 16; the main shaft sleeve 17 is connected with the hollow supporting main shaft 14 in a matching mode, and meanwhile the main shaft sleeve 17 is connected with the hollow supporting main shaft 14 through a flat key to play a guiding role; the ultrasonic rolling head 23 is connected with the dovetail groove guide rail 20 through the slide block 21, so that the ultrasonic rolling head 23 is axially fed along the connecting seat 5.

The invention has the working process that firstly, the servo motor 15 is electrified to drive the synchronous belt 1 to work, the synchronous belt 1 runs and further drives the transmission lead screw 2 to rotate, at the moment, the slide block nut 18 matched with the transmission lead screw 2 moves along the T-shaped guide rail, the guide rod 4 drives the swing frame 19 to move around the rotating shaft 16, the servo motor 15 rotates positively and negatively, the function of reciprocating swing of the swing frame 19 around the rotating shaft 16 is realized, and therefore, the internal spherical surface processing task which is difficult to be finished by a common machine tool can be processed; considering that the stroke length of the transmission screw rod 2 is large and bending deformation occurs during working, the deep groove ball bearing 3 needs to be installed at the lower end of the transmission screw rod to avoid the bending deformation from affecting the surface quality of a workpiece.

An air cylinder 22 and a dovetail groove guide rail 20 are installed on the connecting seat 5, an ultrasonic rolling head 23 is installed on the dovetail groove guide rail 20 through a sliding block 21 and is connected with a piston rod of the air cylinder 22, under the action of air pressure, the piston rod of the air cylinder 22 performs axial telescopic motion, and the ultrasonic rolling head 23 can move along the dovetail groove guide rail 20 along the axial direction to contact the inner surface of a workpiece under the driving of the air cylinder 22, so that metal inner spherical surfaces with different sizes can be machined. Here, the air cylinder 22 functions as a moving device, and the moving device can be replaced by a hydraulic cylinder, so that the ultrasonic rolling head 23 can axially move on the dovetail groove guide rail 20.

The centering device is fixed on the hollow supporting spindle 14, a threaded hole matched with the centering shaft 11 is formed in the centering frame 13, and the spindle sleeve 17 can be driven to axially move up and down along the hollow supporting spindle 14 by screwing the square head at the upper end of the centering shaft 12 so as to adapt to workpieces with different heights and play a role in centering.

The main transmission system outputs power through a variable frequency motor 10, the speed is reduced through a planetary gear reducer 9, the power is transmitted to a transmission shaft 8, the transmission shaft drives a small helical gear 7 to rotate, and at the moment, a large helical gear 11 connected with a rotary working table 6 and the small helical gear 7 perform meshing motion, so that the rotary motion of the working table is realized.

The foregoing are only some embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept thereof, and these changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.