阅读说明：本技术 一种防火格栅及其制备方法 (Fireproof grating and preparation method thereof ) 是由 张用兵 杨巧云 米垚 刘强 曾飞 于 2019-04-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种防火格栅及其制备方法,所述防火格栅制备方法包括步骤S1低粘度酚醛树脂的制备；S2酚醛树脂胶料的制备；S3导纱；S4浸渍；S5拉挤成型,本发明所述的防火格栅及其制备方法具有工艺简单、环保、连续性好、生产稳定,防火格栅强度高、阻燃性能好的优点。(The invention provides a fire-proof grating and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method of the fire-proof grating comprises the steps of S1 preparation of low-viscosity phenolic resin; s2 preparing phenolic resin sizing material; s3 yarn guide; s4 dipping; s5 pultrusion, the fireproof grating and the preparation method thereof have the advantages of simple process, environmental protection, good continuity, stable production, high strength and good flame retardant property.)

1. The preparation method of the fireproof grating is characterized by comprising the following steps

S1, preparation of low-viscosity phenolic resin: putting 70-110 parts of phenolic resin and 5-8 parts of acetone in parts by weight into a stirring kettle, and stirring at 50-55 ℃ for 0.5-1 hour to obtain low-viscosity phenolic resin;

s2, preparation of phenolic resin sizing material: putting 90-100 parts by weight of low-viscosity phenolic resin, 5-15 parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide filler, 7-10 parts by weight of flame retardant, 1-6 parts by weight of urotropine and 1-6 parts by weight of dialdehyde starch into a stirring kettle, and stirring for 0.5-1 hour at 50-55 ℃ to obtain a phenolic resin sizing material;

s3, yarn guide: leading the glass fiber into a glue injection box through a yarn guide device (1);

s4, dipping: injecting the phenolic resin sizing material into a glue injection box (2) so that the glass fiber material is impregnated in the phenolic resin sizing material;

s5, pultrusion: and (3) conveying the material in the glue injection box into an extrusion forming device (4) for extrusion, curing and forming, finally pulling out, cooling and cutting to obtain the fireproof grating.

2. A method for the production of a fire protection grate according to claim 1, characterized in that the yarn guiding means (1) comprises a plurality of first yarn guiding strips (11) movable in a horizontal direction and a plurality of second yarn guiding strips (12) movable in a vertical direction, the first yarn guiding strips (11) and the second yarn guiding strips (12) being arranged vertically.

3. The method for preparing the fire-proof grid according to claim 1, wherein the glue injection box (2) is a sealed hollow box body, the glue injection box (2) is provided with a glue injection hole (23), the two ends of the glue injection box (2) are respectively provided with an inlet and an outlet, the phenolic resin glue is injected into the glue injection box (2) through the glue injection hole (23), and the glass fiber is input into or output from the glue injection box (2) through the inlet and the outlet.

4. The method for preparing the fire-proof grid according to claim 3, wherein the glue injection box (2) comprises an upper template (21) and a lower template (22), the glue injection holes (23) are arranged on the upper template (21) and the lower template (22), and the upper template (21) and the lower template (22) jointly surround to form a closed glue injection cavity (24); the inlet and the outlet are respectively communicated with the glue injection cavity (24).

5. A method for the production of a fire protection grate according to claim 1, characterized in that the glue injection boxes (2) and the extrusion forming devices (4) are provided with gas collecting means (6) at their periphery.

6. A method for producing a fire protection grate according to claim 5, characterized in that the gas collecting device (6) comprises an air outlet device (61) and an air collecting device (62), the glue injection box (2) and the extrusion forming device (4) are located between the air outlet device (61) and the air collecting device (62), the air outlet device (61) is located at the inlet end of the glue injection box (2), and the air collecting device (62) is located at the outlet end of the extrusion forming device (4).

7. The method for preparing the fire protection grid according to claim 6, wherein the air outlet device (61) comprises a power device (611), an air conveying pipeline (612) and an air guiding device (613), an air outlet of the power device (611) is connected with the air guiding device (613) through the air conveying pipeline (612), the air guiding device (613) is in an annular groove-shaped structure, and an open end of the groove is located at one side close to the glue injection box (2).

8. A method for producing a fire protection grate according to claim 6, characterized in that the gas collecting device (62) comprises a gas collecting opening (621) and a gas exhaust line, the gas collecting opening (621) is of a trumpet-shaped structure, and the cross-sectional area of the end of the gas collecting opening (621) close to the extrusion forming device (4) is larger than the cross-sectional area of the end far away from the extrusion forming device (4).

9. A fire-proof grating, characterized in that the fire-proof grating is prepared by the method for preparing the fire-proof grating according to the claims 1-8.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of composite material product preparation, in particular to a fireproof grating and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The fireproof grating (plate) is a grating-shaped structure which is formed by connecting a plurality of grating bars together through penetrating rods, generally has the advantages of ventilation, lighting, heat dissipation, explosion prevention, good anti-skid property, acid-base corrosion resistance, high fire resistance and the like, and is widely used for building offshore oil platforms, pedestrian passageways, ship decks, subways, coal mines and other emergency escape passageways or life-saving places.

In the structural design process of the fireproof grating, from the angle of stress mechanics, the grating bars are designed into an I-shaped structure, so that the fireproof grating is more economical and practical; considering the wind pressure, certain intervals are reserved between the grid bars, but the intervals cannot be too wide, so that the high-heeled shoes of women are prevented from being clamped; in manufacturing, the "I" grid bars are typically secured together by tie-rods to form a fire grid.

At present, the grid bars are generally prepared by a pultrusion process using phenolic resins, which process has been found to have the following disadvantages during production:

firstly, the phenolic resin has high viscosity and poor fluidity, the storage life of phenolic resin sizing materials is short, and the permeability of glass fibers is poor, so that the phenolic resin sizing materials are difficult to be fully infiltrated by the phenolic resin, so that the continuity of the production process of phenolic resin composite material products is poor, and the long-time stable production is difficult.

Secondly, the gum dipping method in the production process of the existing fireproof grating is generally carried out by adopting an open type gum groove, toxic and harmful substances (a little moisture, free phenol and free aldehyde) are easily generated at the contact part of the gum material and the die opening and the heating part of the die, and the toxic and harmful substances are volatilized into the air and permeate into a workshop, thereby causing harm to the atmosphere and the health of workers.

Thirdly, due to the special application environment of the fire-proof grating, the fire-proof grating is generally required to have good performances of ventilation, strength, flame retardance, heat dissipation, explosion resistance, skid resistance, acid and alkali corrosion resistance and the like, and particularly the harsh requirements on the strength and the flame retardance of the fire-proof grating are main limiting factors in the production and application processes of the fire-proof grating. Fireproof grids produced by a plurality of manufacturers cannot meet the requirements due to poor flame retardant property and low strength.

Therefore, it is one of the technical problems to be solved by those skilled in the art to provide a fire-proof grille which can be continuously and stably produced, is safe and environment-friendly, and has good flame retardant property and mechanical strength, and a preparation method thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a fireproof grating and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems of poor continuity, no environmental protection, and poor flame retardance and strength performance of the existing fireproof grating production process.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

a preparation method of a fireproof grating comprises the following steps

S1, preparation of low-viscosity phenolic resin: putting 70-110 parts of phenolic resin and 5-8 parts of acetone in parts by weight into a stirring kettle, and stirring at 50-55 ℃ for 0.5-1 hour to obtain low-viscosity phenolic resin;

s2, preparation of phenolic resin sizing material: putting 90-100 parts by weight of low-viscosity phenolic resin, 5-15 parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide filler, 7-10 parts by weight of flame retardant, 1-6 parts by weight of urotropine and 1-6 parts by weight of dialdehyde starch into a stirring kettle, and stirring for 0.5-1 hour at 50-55 ℃ to obtain a phenolic resin sizing material;

s3, yarn guide: leading the glass fiber into a glue injection box through a yarn guide device;

s4, dipping: injecting the phenolic resin sizing material into a glue injection box, so that the glass fiber material is impregnated in the phenolic resin sizing material;

s5, pultrusion: and (3) conveying the material in the glue injection box into an extrusion forming device for extrusion, curing and forming, finally pulling out, cooling and cutting to obtain the fireproof grating.

Furthermore, the yarn guide device comprises a plurality of first yarn guide strips capable of moving along the horizontal direction and a plurality of second yarn guide strips capable of moving along the vertical direction, and the first yarn guide strips and the second yarn guide strips are vertically arranged.

Furthermore, the glue injection box is a sealed hollow box body, the glue injection box is provided with glue injection holes, two ends of the glue injection box are respectively provided with an inlet and an outlet, phenolic resin glue materials are injected into the glue injection box through the glue injection holes, and the glass fibers are input or output to the glue injection box through the inlets and the outlets.

The glue injection box comprises an upper template and a lower template, wherein the glue injection holes are formed in the upper template and the lower template, and the upper template and the lower template jointly surround to form a closed glue injection cavity; the inlet and the outlet are respectively communicated with the glue injection cavity.

Furthermore, the peripheries of the glue injection box and the extrusion forming device are provided with a gas collecting device.

Furthermore, the gas collecting device comprises an air outlet device and a gas collecting device, the glue injection box and the extrusion forming device are located between the air outlet device and the gas collecting device, the air outlet device is located at the inlet end of the glue injection box, and the gas collecting device is located at the outlet end of the extrusion forming device.

Furthermore, the air-out device includes power device, gas transmission pipeline and air ducting, power device's air outlet pass through the gas transmission pipeline with air ducting is connected, air ducting is annular groove-shaped structure, and the open end in groove is located and is close to one side of annotating the gluey box.

Furthermore, the gas collection device comprises a gas collection port and an exhaust pipeline, the gas collection port is of a horn-shaped structure, and the cross sectional area of the gas collection port close to one end of the extrusion forming device is larger than the cross sectional area of the gas collection port far away from one end of the extrusion forming device.

A fireproof grating is prepared by the fireproof grating preparation method.

Compared with the prior art, the fireproof grating and the preparation method thereof have the advantages of simple process, environmental protection, good continuity, stable production, high strength and good flame retardant property.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of making a fire protection grate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

figure 2 is a schematic structural view of a yarn guide device according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a guide rail on an outer frame in the yarn guiding device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the glue injection box according to the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 5 is another schematic structural diagram of the glue injection box according to the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a glue injection box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a stirred tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view of a stirred tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas collecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a gas collecting apparatus according to another aspect of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of an air outlet device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a first structure of a grid according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a second structural diagram of the grid according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a third structure of the grid according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of a rod-passing connection hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the structure of a fire protection grate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a fourth structural diagram of a grid according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-a yarn guide device, 11-a first yarn guide strip, 12-a second yarn guide strip, 13-an outer frame, 131-a first edge, 132-a second edge, 14-a guide rail, 15-a limiting structure, 2-a glue injection box, 21-an upper template, 211-an upper template opening, 22-a lower template, 221-a lower template opening, 23-a glue injection hole, 24-a glue injection cavity, 24' -a glue injection sub-cavity, 25-a fastening bolt, 27-a middle template, 271-a middle template upper opening, 272-a middle template lower opening, 3-a stirring kettle, 31-a kettle body, 32-a first stirring device, 321-a first stirring blade, 322-a first driving shaft, 323-a first driving motor, 33-a second stirring device and 331-a second stirring blade, 332-a second driving shaft, 333-a second driving motor, 334-a water distribution cylinder, 335-a water passing hole, 336-a hollowed-out part, 4-an extrusion forming device, 5-a tractor head, 6-a gas collecting device, 61-an air outlet device, 611-a power device, 612-a gas pipeline, 613-an air guide device, 62-a gas collecting device, 621-a gas collecting port, 622-an exhaust hole, 623-a material output hole, 7-a waste gas treatment device, 8-a grid, 81-a first supporting part, 82-a second supporting part, 83-a connecting part, 84-a buffering part, 85-a reinforcing part, 86-a rod penetrating connecting hole, 861-a main hole, 862-a side hole, 87-a first reinforcing glass fiber bundle and 88-a second reinforcing glass fiber bundle, 89-third reinforcing glass fiber bundle, 9-penetrating rod, 91-penetrating rod body and 92-penetrating rod lug.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, objectives and functions of the present invention easy to understand, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the specific drawings.

It should be noted that all terms used in the present invention for directional and positional indication, such as: the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "top", "lower", "lateral", "longitudinal", "center", and the like are used only for explaining the relative positional relationship, the connection condition, and the like between the respective members in a certain state, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention, and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a certain orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Specifically, the invention provides a preparation method of a fireproof grating, which comprises the following steps

S1, preparation of low-viscosity phenolic resin: putting 70-110 parts of phenolic resin and 5-8 parts of acetone in parts by weight into a stirring kettle, and stirring at 50-55 ℃ for 0.5-1 hour to obtain low-viscosity phenolic resin;

s2, preparation of phenolic resin sizing material: putting 90-100 parts by weight of low-viscosity phenolic resin, 5-15 parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide filler, 7-10 parts by weight of flame retardant, 1-6 parts by weight of urotropine and 1-6 parts by weight of dialdehyde starch into a stirring kettle, and stirring for 0.5-1 hour at 50-55 ℃ to obtain a phenolic resin sizing material;

s3, yarn guide: guiding the glass fiber into a glue injection box;

s4, dipping: injecting the phenolic resin sizing material into a glue injection box, so that the glass fiber material is impregnated in the phenolic resin sizing material;

s5, pultrusion: and (3) conveying the material in the glue injection box into an extrusion forming device for extrusion, curing and forming, finally pulling out, cooling and cutting to obtain the fireproof grating.

In step S1, adding a certain amount of acetone into the phenolic resin to reduce the viscosity of the phenolic resin, preferably, the acetone and the phenolic resin are mixed in an amount of 6 to 7 parts by weight: 100, and more preferably, the acetone and the phenolic resin are added according to the weight ratio of 6.5: 100 in proportion. Research shows that when the ratio of acetone to phenolic resin is 6-7: 100, the viscosity of the phenolic resin is low, and when the ratio of acetone to phenolic resin is 6.5: the viscosity number of the phenolic resin is lowest at 100.

Further, research finds that the use of acetone can reduce the viscosity of the phenolic resin and is beneficial to the full infiltration of the glass fibers, but in the later-stage pultrusion forming process, the curing time of the fireproof grating is prolonged from 2-3 hours to about 4 hours, and the improvement of the production efficiency is not facilitated. In order to solve the problem of increased curing time caused by reduced viscosity of the phenolic resin, the applicant researches and discovers that if urotropine and dialdehyde starch are added into a phenolic resin sizing material, the curing time in the pultrusion process of the fireproof grating can be effectively reduced.

Preferably, in step S2, when 1-6 parts of urotropin and 1-6 parts of dialdehyde starch are added into the phenolic resin sizing material, the curing time of the fire-proof grating can be reduced to 2.5 hours from about 4 hours before.

The research finds that: generally, as the amount of urotropin and dialdehyde starch added increases, the curing time of the fire barrier gradually decreases. The greater the amount of urotropin and dialdehyde starch added, the shorter the curing time of the fire barrier, but the poorer the surface quality of the finished product. The applicant has unexpectedly found that: when the ratio of the urotropine to the dialdehyde starch is 1:1, the surface quality of the fireproof grating is good, and the fireproof grating has smooth surface and no defects of burrs, pits and the like. The reason for this is that, at this ratio, when the fire-proof grille is fed into the temperature-controlled forming mold of the extrusion forming device from the glue injection box for curing forming, the phenolic resin has already generated a curing reaction at the stage a, and the phenolic resin forms a linear molecular structure, which is beneficial to maintaining good surface quality of the fire-proof grille. Wherein the A-stage refers to the A-stage of phenolic resin curing in Barkland theory.

Further, the flame retardant is prepared from a halogen-free flame retardant and a synergistic flame retardant according to a ratio of 15-20: 6-10, wherein the halogen-free flame retardant is red phosphorus master batch or micro-capsule red phosphorus prepared from a polyolefin resin matrix, and the synergistic flame retardant is prepared by mixing melamine, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and aluminum oxide according to a ratio of 1:2:1: 2.

The present application is further illustrated by the following specific examples.