阅读说明：本技术 柴油机中冷智能调节装置及其调节方法 (Intelligent cold adjustment device and method for diesel engine ) 是由 姜东海 戴强 何斌 李敬洋 王炯 于 2019-10-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种柴油机中冷智能调节装置及其调节方法,该调节装置包括执行机构、测量单元、中央处理单元,以及报警监控单元和人机交换界面等组成,通过本发明的调节装置实现的调节方法,可以根据柴油机的负荷变化以及海水温度的变化自动调节进入中冷器的冷却水量,将柴油机的气缸进气温度控制在合理范围内,提升柴油机运行的安全性、可靠性和使用寿命。(The invention discloses an intelligent cold adjustment device of a diesel engine and an adjustment method thereof, wherein the adjustment device comprises an execution mechanism, a measurement unit, a central processing unit, an alarm monitoring unit, a man-machine exchange interface and the like.)

1. The cold intelligent adjusting device in the diesel engine is characterized by comprising

The left and right actuating mechanisms respectively comprise a servo controller, a servo motor, a planetary reducer and an intelligent cooling water regulating valve, and the servo motor is driven by the servo controller to be decelerated by the planetary reducer and then the intelligent cooling water regulating valve is driven by the servo controller under the control of a central controller;

the left and right measuring units are respectively composed of a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an analog input module, and respectively input the measured intercooler information to the central controller through the analog input module;

the central controller is used for calculating and processing the measurement information input by the left and right measurement units, correspondingly outputting a control signal to the servo driver so as to control the servo motor to adjust the opening of the intelligent cooling water quantity adjusting valve, and outputting an alarm signal if the alarm signal is input;

the alarm monitoring unit is connected with the central controller and outputs an alarm signal;

a human-machine exchange interface connected with the central controller.

2. The intelligent diesel intercooling device of claim 1, wherein the intelligent cooling water regulating valve comprises a valve body, a valve core, a valve cover and a valve handle, which are connected in sequence, a bearing is arranged in a rotating shaft of the valve core, and a water seal ring is arranged at the lower end of the bearing in the rotating shaft.

3. The intelligent cold adjustment device in the diesel engine as claimed in claim 2, wherein the planetary reducer is connected with the intelligent cooling water amount adjustment valve by an "H" -shaped movable hinge, and when the "H" -shaped movable hinge is fastened to the valve handle, the rotation of the servo motor drives the rotation of the valve of the intelligent cooling water amount adjustment valve to realize the automatic control of the valve; when the H-shaped movable hinge buckle is turned up and is separated from the valve handle, the valve handle can be directly operated to realize manual control.

4. The intelligent diesel intercooler device of claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor comprises a water temperature sensor and an intercooler exhaust gas temperature sensor, the water temperature sensor is installed on the inlet pipeline of the intelligent cooling water quantity regulating valve, the intercooler exhaust gas temperature sensor is arranged on the charge air outlet intercooler pipeline, pressure sensors are respectively arranged on the charge air inlet intercooler pipeline and the charge air outlet intercooler pipeline to monitor the charge air pressure and the exhaust air pressure of the intercooler, and the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor respectively output the measured information to the analog quantity input module.

5. The intelligent cold adjuster for diesel engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alarm monitor unit comprises 10 switching value monitor alarm circuits, wherein 5 of the alarm circuits are closed alarm circuits, and the other 5 alarm circuits are open alarm circuits, and each alarm circuit has a fixed indicator corresponding to the alarm circuit.

6. The intelligent intercooler adjusting device of a diesel engine as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein the alarm monitoring unit monitors the intercooler operating parameters input to the central controller in real time and sends out parameter out-of-limit alarm signals.

7. The intelligent intercooler adjusting device of a diesel engine as claimed in claim 6, wherein the alarm monitoring unit monitors intercooler operation parameters inputted to the central controller in real time and sends out parameter out-of-limit alarm signals, comprising: and the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder is over-limit alarm and the air side filth blockage of the intercooler is alarm.

8. The intelligent cold adjustment device in the diesel engine as claimed in claim 7, wherein the cylinder inlet air temperature overrun alarm is an alarm signal sent when the inlet air temperature of the diesel engine cylinder exceeds 50 ℃; the intercooler air side filth blockage alarm is used for monitoring the filth blockage of the intercooler air side by monitoring the difference value of the air inlet pressure and the air exhaust pressure of the intercooler in real time.

9. The intelligent cold adjuster for diesel engine as set forth in claim 8, wherein the difference between the intake pressure and the exhaust pressure of the intercooler is greater than or equal to 0.15kgf/cm²And the alarm monitoring unit sends out an alarm signal and displays the alarm signal through a man-machine exchange interface.

10. The intelligent diesel intercooling device of claim 1, wherein the human-machine interface comprises a touch screen, and the operation data of the intelligent diesel intercooling device is monitored in real time and related operation parameters are adjusted and set in a manner of bar graph or sector graph and digital display, and alarm display is performed at the same time.

11. The adjusting method realized by the intelligent cold adjusting device for the diesel engine as claimed in the preceding claims, characterized in that the supercharged air pressure and seawater temperature are taken as important parameters, the adjustment of the cooling water amount in the full load range of the diesel engine is controlled in sections, the control mode is divided into a preset mode and an intelligent mode,

the preset mode is as follows: the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder is always kept in a reasonable interval under the condition of variable load of the diesel engine, and the air inlet temperature control device can effectively adapt to the change of the seawater temperature,

the intelligent mode comprises the preset mode and a fine control mode, when the load of the diesel engine is stable, the fine control mode is started by the cold intelligent adjusting device in the diesel engine, so that the cold exhaust temperature reaches the preset temperature, and the accurate temperature control is realized;

once the load of the diesel engine changes, the cold intelligent adjusting device in the diesel engine is switched to work in the preset mode again, and the fine control mode is started again until the load is stable next time, so that the accurate temperature control is realized.

12. The method for adjusting the intercooler intelligent device of a diesel engine according to claim 11, wherein the preset mode comprises the following steps:

1) switching on a power supply, firstly self-checking and initializing the servo controller, reading external alarm signal input by the central controller, and outputting alarm through the man-machine exchange interface or the alarm monitoring unit immediately if the alarm signal input exists;

2) the central controller reads parameters of seawater temperature, intercooling exhaust pressure, intercooling exhaust temperature and intercooling intake pressure, initializes the servo controller, drives the servo motor to rotate, and finds an origin signal by triggering an origin travel switch arranged on the valve body of the intelligent cooling water quantity regulating valve;

3) when the central controller detects a diesel engine running signal, the cold intelligent adjusting device in the diesel engine is automatically started to run;

4) the central controller carries out linearization processing on the complex heat exchange, calculates the preset opening degree of the valve according to the received operation parameters and adjusts the opening degree of the valve to a new preset opening degree so as to maintain the relative stability of the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder.

13. The method for adjusting the intercooler intelligent-adjustment device of a diesel engine according to claim 12, wherein the linearization process comprises: in order to keep the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder relatively stable, when the diesel engine runs at full load, the maximum opening value of the intelligent cooling water quantity regulating valve corresponding to the representative seawater temperature is selected, and the maximum opening value is subjected to sectional linearization treatment through connecting points and forming a curve of 'seawater temperature-maximum opening coefficient setting', T0/T3/T6 … T_n/T_n+3…/T30 is the maximum opening coefficient value of the valve at …/30 ℃ under the corresponding seawater temperature of 0 ℃/3 ℃/6 ℃/… n ℃/n +3 ℃ which is set by the touch screen, wherein the opening range of the intelligent cooling water quantity regulating valve is 0-90 DEG, T represents the currently monitored seawater temperature, and if T is the value of T, the valve is opened at the maximum opening coefficient value of the valve at the temperature of 0 ℃/3 ℃/6 DEG, n DEG_n≤t＜T_n+3Then, the calculation formula of the maximum opening coefficient of the valve corresponding to the current seawater temperature is as follows:

under the condition of constant seawater temperature, in order to maintain the air inlet temperature phase of the cylinderSelecting a valve opening coefficient corresponding to a representative exhaust pressure value for stabilization, forming a curve of exhaust pressure-valve opening coefficient by connecting points and forming lines, wherein the curve is P0/P0.16/P0.32 … P_m/P_m+0.16… P1.6 is the opening coefficient value of the corresponding exhaust pressure cooling water quantity regulating valve set by the touch screen, P represents the currently monitored intercooler exhaust pressure, if P is_m≤p＜P_m+0.16Then, the calculation formula of the valve opening coefficient corresponding to the current exhaust pressure is:the opening calculation formula of the preset opening a of the valve is as follows: a is 90 ° × K1% × K2%.

14. The method for adjusting the intercooler intelligent device of a diesel engine according to claim 12, wherein the step 4) of calculating the preset opening degree of the valve according to the received operation parameters and adjusting the valve opening degree to a new preset opening degree so as to maintain the air inlet temperature of the cylinder to be relatively stable comprises the following steps: the central controller compares an opening control instruction of a preset opening a of the valve with a real opening of the regulating valve fed back by the servo controller, if a deviation exists, the central controller sends an adjusting instruction to the servo controller according to the size and the direction of the deviation, the servo controller controls the servo motor to rotate to drive the regulating valve to reach the corresponding opening, once the central controller scans the change of the supercharging pressure or the cooling seawater temperature, the central controller recalculates the preset opening of the valve according to new operation parameters and adjusts the opening of the valve to the new preset opening, and therefore the relative stability of the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder is maintained.

15. The adjusting method implemented by the intelligent intercooler adjusting device for the diesel engine as claimed in claim 11, wherein the fine control mode is implemented by comparing the intake air temperature of the cylinder with a preset temperature, if there is a deviation, the central controller outputs an adjusting signal to the servo driver, the servo driver drives the servo motor to rotate to drive the adjusting valve to adjust the opening degree, and the amount of cooling water entering the intercooler is changed to enable the intercooler exhaust temperature to reach the preset temperature.

16. The method for adjusting the intercooler intelligent-adjustment device for a diesel engine according to claim 15, wherein the deviation is that the intercooler exhaust temperature exceeds the intercooler exhaust set temperature by ± 3 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an intelligent cold adjusting device and an adjusting method for a diesel engine.

Background

The existing diesel engine generally adopts an exhaust gas turbocharging technology to improve the air inlet density and the air inlet amount of the diesel engine, so that the power and the heat efficiency of the diesel engine are improved, and the supercharging degree of the diesel engine is continuously developed towards high supercharging from a long-term development trend. The high boost pressure causes the temperature of the air compressed by the supercharger to sharply rise, and the temperature at the end of the compression reaches nearly 200 ℃ or even higher. The high intake temperature can make the combustion of diesel engine worsen, and the emission increases, so well cold is suitable for fortune to come into existence, in order to provide better burning initial condition for the diesel engine, the intercooler that installs additional on the air flue between turbo charger export and cylinder intake for cool off by turbo charger compressed air, make cylinder intake temperature control in reasonable interval through adjusting the cooling water flow who gets into the intercooler. The conventional manual mode is generally adopted for the quantity adjustment of the cold cooling water in the large diesel engine (as shown in fig. 1, the structural schematic diagram of the conventional cooling water quantity adjusting valve is shown, wherein 1, a valve body, 2, a valve core, 3, a valve cover, 4 and a valve handle), which has no problem for ocean cargo ship diesel engines, because the marine diesel engines operate under a stable working condition for a long time, the supercharging pressure and the air supply quantity are basically constant, and the quantity adjustment of the cold cooling water can be realized only by keeping a fixed opening degree, so that the quantity adjustment is basically not needed. However, the situation is more complicated for the port tug, because the tug is in a working state of variable working conditions and variable load for a long time, the manual cooling water quantity regulating valve is difficult to adapt to the working condition of the diesel engine which changes at any time. The high intake temperature causes the heat load of the diesel engine to increase, the combustion and the emission to deteriorate (the high combustion temperature causes the increase of nitrogen oxide), the low intake temperature causes the increase of condensed water, the liquid impact or low-temperature corrosion in the cylinder of the diesel engine can be caused, and the stability of the diesel engine during the low-speed and low-load operation can be influenced.

The change of the load of the diesel engine adopting the exhaust gas turbocharging mode for air supply can cause the change of the rotating speed of the supercharger, the change of the rotating speed of the supercharger can cause the change of the air supply quantity, and the change of the air supply quantity can cause the change of the supercharging pressure. From the above conversion relationship, the change in the supercharging pressure represents the degree of compression of the gas and the amount of the supplied gas, and also represents the magnitude of the load of the diesel engine. The boost pressure increases, the temperature of the charge air also increases, the amount of supplied air increases, and vice versa. Therefore, the supercharging pressure is taken as an index for measuring the quantity of heat to be taken away by the intercooler of the diesel engine. For the intercooler, the heat exchange capacity of the intercooler mainly depends on the heat exchange area, the speed of air flow, the flow rate of cooling water and the temperature difference between the cooling water and the pressurized air, the heat exchange area is related to the design of the intercooler and is a fixed value, and the speed and the temperature difference of the air flow are mainly related to the degree of pressurization (the level of the pressurization pressure) and the temperature of the cooling water. It can be seen that the cooling capacity of the intercooler is mainly determined by the temperature and flow of the cooling water except the boost pressure, the intercooling heat exchange capacity is strong when the seawater temperature is low and the flow is large, and the intercooling heat exchange capacity is weak when the seawater temperature is high and the flow is small. The actual heat exchange process is complicated, the air entering the intercooler is compressed by the supercharger to increase heat energy, the air flows in the supercharger and the pipeline and has heat exchange, the change of air flow and supercharging pressure are not in a linear relation, the air flow speed and the heat exchange temperature difference in the heat exchange process are not constant values, and the cooling water amount entering the intercooler and the opening degree of the regulating valve are not in a complete linear relation. Therefore, quantitative evaluation of the heat quantity to be exchanged by the intercooler and the opening degree of the cooling water quantity regulating valve under various working conditions is very difficult, and the temperature control is not necessarily accurate for the diesel engine air inlet. In addition, the main diesel engine of the port tug has the characteristics of large load change and quick change, the temperature of the pressurized air at the outlet of the intercooler (the air inlet temperature of the cylinder) is changed by adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water, the temperature has obvious hysteresis, if the PID adjustment is carried out by adopting a feedback control system which only takes the air inlet temperature of the cylinder as a controlled quantity, the overshoot and the overshoot conditions can be caused by the hysteresis of the temperature change of the adjusting system, and in addition, the speed of the load change is far faster than the change of the air inlet temperature of the cylinder, so the overshoot can be aggravated. The system becomes very unstable, and the air inlet temperature of the cylinder cannot be effectively controlled.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an intelligent cold regulation device for a diesel engine and a regulation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to a cold intelligent adjusting device in a diesel engine, which comprises

The left and right actuating mechanisms respectively comprise a servo controller, a servo motor, a planetary reducer and a cooling water regulating valve, and the servo motors are driven by the servo controller to decelerate through the planetary reducer and then drive the intelligent cooling water regulating valve under the control of a central controller;

the left and right measuring units are respectively composed of a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an analog input module, and respectively input the measured intercooler information to the central controller through the analog input module;

the central controller is used for calculating and processing the measurement information input by the left and right measurement units, correspondingly outputting a control signal to the servo driver so as to control the servo motor to adjust the opening of the intelligent cooling water quantity adjusting valve, and outputting an alarm signal if the alarm signal is input;

the alarm monitoring unit is connected with the central controller and outputs an alarm signal;

a human-machine exchange interface connected with the central controller.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention:

the intelligent cooling water quantity regulating valve comprises a valve body, a valve core, a valve cover and a valve handle which are sequentially connected, a bearing is arranged in a rotating shaft of the valve core, and a water seal ring seal is arranged at the lower end of the bearing in the rotating shaft.

When the H-shaped movable hinge buckle is buckled on the valve handle, the rotation of the servo motor drives the intelligent cooling water regulating valve to rotate so as to realize the automatic control of the valve; when the H-shaped movable hinge buckle is turned up and is separated from the valve handle, the valve handle can be directly operated to realize manual control.

The temperature sensor comprises a water temperature sensor and an inter-cooling exhaust temperature sensor, the water temperature sensor is installed on an inlet pipeline of the intelligent cooling water quantity regulating valve, the inter-cooling exhaust temperature sensor is arranged on a pipeline of the charge air outlet inter-cooler, pressure sensors are respectively arranged on the pipelines of the charge air inlet inter-cooler and the charge air outlet inter-cooler to monitor the air pressure of the charge air inlet of the inter-cooler and the air pressure of the exhaust air of the inter-cooler, and the temperature sensor and the pressure sensors respectively output the measured information to the analog quantity input module.

The alarm monitoring unit comprises 10 switching value monitoring alarm circuits, wherein 5 switching value monitoring alarm circuits are closed alarm circuits, the other 5 switching value monitoring alarm circuits are open alarm circuits, and each alarm circuit is provided with a fixed indicator lamp corresponding to the alarm circuit.

The alarm monitoring unit monitors the intercooler operation parameters input to the central controller in real time and sends out parameter out-of-limit alarm signals.

The alarm monitoring unit monitors intercooler operation parameters input to the central controller in real time and sends out parameter out-of-limit alarm signals, and the alarm monitoring unit comprises: and the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder is over-limit alarm and the air side filth blockage of the intercooler is alarm.

The cylinder air inlet temperature overrun alarm is that an alarm signal is sent out when the air inlet temperature of the diesel engine cylinder exceeds 50 ℃; the intercooler air side filth blockage alarm is used for monitoring the filth blockage of the intercooler air side by monitoring the difference value of the air inlet pressure and the air exhaust pressure of the intercooler in real time.

Wherein the difference between the air inlet pressure and the air outlet pressure of the intercooler is more than or equal to 0.15kgf/cm²And the alarm monitoring unit sends out an alarm signal and displays the alarm signal through a man-machine exchange interface.

The man-machine exchange interface comprises a touch screen, and is used for monitoring all operation data of the cold intelligent adjusting device in the diesel engine in real time in a histogram or sector graph and digital display mode, adjusting and setting relevant operation parameters and alarming and displaying.

The invention also provides an adjusting method realized by the intelligent cold adjusting device for the diesel engine, which takes the pressure of supercharged air and the temperature of seawater as important parameters, and adopts sectional control on the adjustment of the amount of cooling water in the full-load range of the diesel engine, wherein the control mode is divided into a preset mode and an intelligent mode, and the preset mode is as follows: the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder is kept in a reasonable interval all the time under the condition that the load of the diesel engine is changed, and the air inlet temperature can effectively adapt to the change of the temperature of seawater at the same time, the intelligent mode comprises the preset mode and a fine control mode, when the load of the diesel engine is stable, the fine control mode is started by the cold intelligent adjusting device in the diesel engine, so that the cold exhaust temperature reaches the preset temperature, and the accurate temperature control is realized; once the load of the diesel engine changes, the cold intelligent adjusting device in the diesel engine is switched to work in the preset mode again, and the fine control mode is started again until the load is stable next time, so that the accurate temperature control is realized.

Wherein the preset mode comprises the following steps:

1) switching on a power supply, firstly self-checking and initializing the servo controller, reading external alarm signal input by the central controller, and outputting alarm through the man-machine exchange interface or the alarm monitoring unit immediately if the alarm signal input exists;

2) the central controller reads parameters of seawater temperature, intercooling exhaust pressure, intercooling exhaust temperature and intercooling intake pressure, initializes the servo controller, drives the servo motor to rotate, and finds an origin signal by triggering an origin travel switch arranged on the valve body of the intelligent cooling water quantity regulating valve;

3) when the central controller detects a diesel engine running signal, the cold intelligent adjusting device in the diesel engine is automatically started to run;

4) the central controller carries out linearization processing on the complex heat exchange, calculates the preset opening degree of the valve according to the received operation parameters and adjusts the opening degree of the valve to a new preset opening degree so as to maintain the relative stability of the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder.

Wherein the linearization process comprises: in order to keep the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder relatively stable, the corresponding intelligence is selected under the representative seawater temperature when the diesel engine runs at full loadThe opening value of the cooling water quantity regulating valve is subjected to sectional linearization treatment through connecting points to form a curve of 'seawater temperature-maximum opening coefficient setting', T0/T3/T6 … T_n/T_n+3…/T30 is the maximum opening coefficient value of the valve at …/30 ℃ under the corresponding seawater temperature of 0 ℃/3 ℃/6 ℃/… n ℃/n +3 ℃ which is set by the touch screen, wherein the opening range of the intelligent cooling water quantity regulating valve is 0-90 DEG, T represents the currently monitored seawater temperature, and if T is the value of T, the valve is opened at the maximum opening coefficient value of the valve at the temperature of 0 ℃/3 ℃/6 DEG, n DEG_n≤t＜T_n+3Then, the calculation formula of the maximum opening coefficient of the valve corresponding to the current seawater temperature is as follows:

under the condition that the seawater temperature is not changed, in order to maintain the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder to be relatively stable, the valve opening coefficient corresponding to the representative exhaust pressure value is selected, and the sectional linearization treatment is carried out through connecting points to form a curve of exhaust pressure-valve opening coefficient, P0/P0.16/P0.32 … P_m/P_m+0.16… P1.6 is the opening coefficient value of the corresponding exhaust pressure cooling water quantity regulating valve set by the touch screen, P represents the currently monitored intercooler exhaust pressure, if P is_m≤p＜P_m+0.16Then, the calculation formula of the valve opening coefficient corresponding to the current exhaust pressure is:the opening calculation formula of the preset opening a of the valve is as follows: a is 90 ° × K1% × K2%.

In step 4), calculating a preset opening degree of the valve according to the received operating parameters and adjusting the valve opening degree to a new preset opening degree to maintain the relative stability of the air inlet temperature of the cylinder includes: the central controller compares an opening control instruction of a preset opening a of the valve with a real opening of the regulating valve fed back by the servo controller, if a deviation exists, the central controller sends an adjusting instruction to the servo controller according to the size and the direction of the deviation, the servo controller controls the servo motor to rotate to drive the regulating valve to reach the corresponding opening, once the central controller scans the change of the supercharging pressure or the cooling seawater temperature, the central controller recalculates the preset opening of the valve according to new operation parameters and adjusts the opening of the valve to the new preset opening, and therefore the relative stability of the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder is maintained.

Wherein, the 'fine control mode' is that the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder is compared with the preset temperature, if deviation exists, the central controller outputs an adjusting signal to the servo driver, the servo driver drives the servo motor to rotate to drive the adjusting valve to adjust the opening degree, the intercooling exhaust temperature reaches the preset temperature by changing the amount of cooling water entering the intercooler,

wherein the deviation is that the intercooling exhaust temperature exceeds the intercooling exhaust set temperature by +/-3 ℃.

Advantageous effects

1. In order to change the existing pipelines on the ship as little as possible, the adjusting device of the invention reserves the valve body of the original intercooler cooling water regulating valve, redesigns the valve core, the valve cover and other components so as to be conveniently connected with the planetary reduction gear and the servo motor, simultaneously ensures that the regulating valve has the functions of automatic adjustment and manual adjustment, and can still be manually operated when the automatic adjustment fails, thereby improving the safety of the system;

2. the factors influencing the air inlet temperature of the cylinder are complex, such as supercharging pressure, environment temperature and cooling water temperature are variable quantities, the adjusting method controls the air inlet temperature and the cooling water quantity, the change of the air inlet temperature has hysteresis, in addition, because the load of the tug operation working condition changes quickly and greatly, great difficulty is brought to the adjustment of the automatic control system (the hysteresis of the temperature change can cause the overshoot of the automatic adjusting system during the adjustment, and the load change can aggravate the overshoot, so that the system becomes very unstable), in order to avoid the unstable condition, the adjusting method can continuously enable the adjustment of the intercooler cooling water quantity adjusting valve to respond to the diesel engine load which changes rapidly in time, keep the relative stability of the air inlet temperature of the cylinder, and simultaneously can adapt to seasonal changes (seawater temperature and environment temperature changes), in addition, the relatively constant control of the air inlet temperature can be realized when the load of the diesel engine is relatively stable, in short, the adjusting method realized by the adjusting device can not only timely and appropriately respond when the load and the ambient temperature change, but also keep the air inlet temperature of the cylinder stable in an ideal interval; meanwhile, high-precision control of the air inlet temperature can be realized when the load is relatively stable;

3. the man-machine exchange interface is friendly and convenient to manage. Important operating condition parameters (such as intercooler inlet pressure, intercooler outlet temperature, opening degree of an adjusting valve and the like) are displayed on the touch screen in real time, so that turbo workers can monitor the parameters in real time, the functions of checking and setting various parameters can be realized on the touch screen, the turbo workers can skillfully operate the device through simple learning, and the management of the turbo workers is facilitated;

4. because the tug is in a variable-load and variable-working-condition state for a long time, and the tug is in medium-low load operation in most of periods, the cooling water quantity of the intercooler is adjusted by adopting a manual mode and cannot adapt to the requirements of working conditions and load change, if the opening degree of the cooling water quantity adjusting valve is set according to high load, the air inlet temperature is too low at low load, so that the danger of low-temperature corrosion or liquid impact caused by increased condensed water is possibly caused, and meanwhile, the thermal efficiency of the diesel engine is reduced due to the fact that a large amount of heat is taken away by the cooling water from the thermal balance equation of the diesel; if the opening degree of the cooling water quantity regulating valve is set according to low load, the air inlet temperature of the cylinder is overhigh under high load, so that the heat load of the diesel engine is increased, the combustion and the emission are deteriorated (the nitrogen oxide is increased due to overhigh combustion temperature), and the proper air inlet temperature of the cylinder is very important for the safe operation, the energy saving and the emission control of the diesel engine. The adjusting method realized by the adjusting device of the invention not only can lead the working condition of the diesel engine to be better for a harbor tug or an engineering ship which is in variable load for a long time, but also can improve the safety, reliability and service life of the diesel engine in operation; but also can achieve the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional cooling water control valve

Wherein, 1, a valve body; 2, a valve core; 3, a valve cover; 4, valve handle

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the present invention (note: the apparatus of the present invention can control two main engine intercooler valves, the block diagram is illustrated with only one control)

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the intelligent cooling water control valve of the present invention

FIG. 3-1 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3

Wherein, 1, a valve body; 2, a valve core; 3, a valve cover; 4, a valve handle, 5 and a bearing; 6, a water seal ring, 7, an H-shaped movable hinge buckle; 8, driving a handle; 9, nylon gaskets; 10, a cam; 11, a microswitch; 12, a bracket; 13, a planetary reducer; 14, a servo motor; 15, pin

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement of temperature sensors and pressure sensors in the present invention

Wherein, A, the intelligent cooling water quantity regulating valve; a, a water temperature sensor; b, an intercooling exhaust gas temperature sensor; c, pressure sensor

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an alarm monitoring unit according to the present invention

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the temperature of seawater-maximum opening coefficient setting according to the present invention

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the setting of the exhaust pressure-opening coefficient in the present invention

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of the default mode of the present invention

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the intelligent mode of the present invention

FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of the present invention

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification.

The invention relates to an intelligent cold adjusting device in a diesel engine, which comprises: the left and right actuating mechanisms respectively comprise a servo controller, a servo motor, a planetary reducer and a cooling water regulating valve, and under the control of a central controller (advanced PLC model S7200SMART ST 60), the servo motors (model 200W five-contracting brake) are respectively and correspondingly driven by the servo controller (model V90200W) to decelerate through the planetary reducer and then drive the intelligent cooling water regulating valve; the left and right measuring units respectively consist of a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an analog input module (wherein the model of the temperature sensor is KZW/P Pt100, the model of the pressure sensor is KZY-KO-HAG, and the model of the analog input module is 6ES7288-3AE08-0AA0), and respectively input the measured intercooler information to the central controller through the analog input module; the central controller is used for calculating and processing the measurement information input by the left and right measurement units, correspondingly outputting a control signal to the servo driver so as to control the servo motor to adjust the opening of the intelligent cooling water quantity adjusting valve, and outputting an alarm signal if the alarm signal is input; the alarm monitoring unit is connected with the central controller and outputs an alarm signal; and the man-machine exchange interface is connected with the central controller. Referring to fig. 2, the apparatus of the present invention can control two main engine intercooler control valves, and the block diagram is illustrated with only one control, wherein an encoder is located in the servo motor for feeding back the opening signal of the valve.

In order to meet the requirement of automatic adjustment, the invention modifies the structure of the cooling water quantity adjusting valve part of the intercooler. Keeping the structure of the valve body unchanged, modifying the structure of the valve core and the valve cover, comparing with the structure diagram of the existing cooling water regulating valve in fig. 1, the intelligent cooling water regulating valve in the invention is shown in fig. 3, a bearing is arranged in a rotating shaft of the valve core, a water seal ring seal is arranged at the lower end of the bearing in the rotating shaft, and a bearing support and a reliable water seal device are added to the rotating shaft of the valve core, so that the purpose of adapting to the requirement of automatic adjustment of the valve is achieved (originally, manual adjustment is carried out, the frequency of adjustment is very low, so that the rotating shaft of the valve core only adopts O-shaped ring seal, after automatic adjustment is carried out, the opening degree of the valve can change according to the change of load, the frequency of adjustment is high, at this time, the rotating shaft seal of the valve core is prevented from leaking water, and the resistance of; the planetary gear reducer is connected with the intelligent cooling water quantity regulating valve by adopting an H-shaped movable hinge buckle, as shown in figure 3-1, when the H-shaped movable hinge buckle is buckled on a valve handle, the rotation of the servo motor drives the valve to rotate so as to realize the automatic control of the valve; when the movable hinge buckle is turned up and is separated from the valve handle, the valve handle can be directly operated to realize manual control. In the figure, 1, a valve body; 2, a valve core; 3, a valve cover; 4, a valve handle, 5 and a bearing; 6, a water seal ring, 7, an H-shaped movable hinge buckle; 8, driving a handle; 9, nylon gaskets; 10, a cam; 11, a microswitch; 12, a bracket; 13, a planetary reducer; 14, a servo motor; 15, a pin.

The temperature sensor comprises a water temperature sensor a and an intercooling exhaust temperature sensor b, as shown in fig. 4, the water temperature sensor a is arranged on an inlet pipeline of an intelligent cooling water quantity regulating valve A, the intercooling exhaust temperature sensor b is arranged on a pressurized air outlet intercooler pipeline, pressure sensors c are respectively arranged on the pressurized air inlet intercooler pipeline and the pressurized air outlet intercooler pipeline to monitor the air pressure of inlet air and the air pressure of exhaust air of the intercooler, and the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor respectively output the measured information to an analog quantity input module.

The alarm monitoring unit comprises 10 switching value monitoring alarm circuits, wherein 5 switching value monitoring alarm circuits are closed alarm circuits, the other 5 switching value monitoring alarm circuits are open alarm circuits, and each alarm circuit is provided with a fixed indicator lamp corresponding to the alarm circuit. Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of the alarm monitoring unit. The alarm monitoring unit monitors the intercooler operation parameters input into the central controller in real time and sends out parameter out-of-limit alarm signals. The alarm monitoring unit carries out real-time monitoring on the intercooler operation parameters input to the central controller and sends out parameter out-of-limit alarm signals, and the alarm monitoring unit comprises: and the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder is over-limit alarm and the air side filth blockage of the intercooler is alarm. The cylinder air inlet temperature overrun alarm is that when the air inlet temperature of the diesel engine cylinder exceeds 50 ℃, an alarm signal is sent out; the dirty blocking alarm of the air side of the intercooler is realized by monitoring the difference value of the air inlet pressure and the air exhaust pressure of the intercooler in real time. Wherein the difference between the air inlet pressure and the air outlet pressure of the intercooler is more than or equal to 0.15kgf/cm²And the alarm monitoring unit sends out an alarm signal and displays the alarm signal through a man-machine exchange interface.

The man-machine exchange interface comprises a touch screen, various items of operation data (such as air cylinder inlet temperature, sea water temperature, inter-cooling inlet pressure, inter-cooling exhaust pressure < air cylinder inlet pressure >, and opening degree of a cooling water quantity regulating valve) of the inter-cooling intelligent regulating device of the diesel engine are monitored in real time in a column diagram or a sector diagram and a digital display mode, relevant operation parameters (such as air cylinder inlet temperature setting, original point setting, inter-cooler air side filth blockage setting and other preset parameters) are adjusted and set, and meanwhile, alarm display is carried out.

The adjusting method realized by the cold intelligent adjusting device in the diesel engine takes the supercharged air pressure and the seawater temperature as important parameters, and adopts sectional control on the adjustment of the cooling water amount in the full-load range of the diesel engine, wherein the control mode is divided into a preset mode and an intelligent mode, and the preset mode is as follows: the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder is always kept in a reasonable interval under the condition that the load (inter-cooling exhaust pressure) of the diesel engine is changed, and the air inlet temperature can also effectively adapt to the change of the seawater temperature at the same time, the intelligent mode comprises a preset mode and a fine control mode, the fine control mode is that the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder is compared with the preset temperature, if the deviation exists (the inter-cooling exhaust temperature exceeds the set temperature of the inter-cooling exhaust +/-3 ℃), the central controller outputs an adjusting signal to a servo driver, the servo driver drives a servo motor to rotate to drive an adjusting valve to adjust the opening, the inter-cooling exhaust temperature reaches the preset temperature by changing the amount of cooling water entering an inter-cooler, and when the load of the diesel engine is stable, the fine control mode is started by the inter; once the load of the diesel engine changes, the cold intelligent adjusting device in the diesel engine is switched to a preset mode to work, and the precise control mode is started again until the load is stable next time, so that the precise temperature control is realized.

Wherein, the preset mode comprises the following steps (as shown in fig. 8):

1) switching on a power supply, firstly self-checking and initializing a servo controller, reading external alarm signal input by a central controller through an alarm monitoring unit, and outputting alarm through a man-machine exchange interface or an alarm monitoring unit through an alarm indicator lamp and a buzzer if the alarm signal input exists;

2) the central controller reads parameters of seawater temperature, intercooling exhaust pressure (cylinder inlet pressure), intercooling exhaust temperature (cylinder inlet temperature) and intercooling inlet pressure, then initializes the servo controller, drives the servo motor to rotate, and finds an origin signal (valve opening degree calculation reference) by triggering an origin travel switch arranged on the intelligent cooling water quantity regulating valve body;

3) after the central controller detects a diesel engine running signal (as shown in fig. 1, the diesel engine running signal is transmitted to the central controller through an input module, wherein the input module provides a switching value signal for a relay controlled by a diesel engine speed relay, and the speed relays are configured in a diesel engine security system, the invention only obtains the diesel engine running signal from the original diesel engine security system, as shown in fig. 10, when the rotating speed of the diesel engine is more than or equal to 200rpm, speed relay contacts SRY114 (right machine) and SRY214 (left machine) are closed, corresponding relays RY157 (right machine) and RY257 (left machine) are electrified, normally open contacts are closed to provide the diesel engine running signal), and the inter-cooling intelligent adjusting device of the diesel engine automatically starts to run;

4) the central controller carries out linearization processing on the complex heat exchange, calculates the preset opening degree of the valve according to the received operation parameters and adjusts the opening degree of the valve to a new preset opening degree so as to maintain the relative stability of the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder.

Wherein the linearization process comprises: in order to keep the air inlet temperature of the air cylinder relatively stable, when the diesel engine runs at full load, the opening degree value of the corresponding intelligent cooling water quantity regulating valve under the representative seawater temperature is selected, and the intelligent cooling water quantity regulating valve is subjected to sectional linearization treatment through connecting points and forming a curve (shown in figure 6) of seawater temperature-maximum opening degree coefficient setting, wherein the curve is 0/T3/T6 … T_n/T_n+3…/T30 is the maximum opening coefficient value of the valve at …/30 ℃ under the corresponding seawater temperature of 0 ℃/3 ℃/6 ℃/… n ℃/n +3 ℃ which is set by the touch screen, wherein the opening range of the intelligent cooling water quantity regulating valve is 0-90 DEG, T represents the currently monitored seawater temperature, and if T is the value of T, the valve is opened at the maximum opening coefficient value of the valve at the temperature of 0 ℃/3 ℃/6 DEG, n DEG_n≤t＜T_n+3Then, the calculation formula of the maximum opening coefficient of the valve corresponding to the current seawater temperature is as follows:the design is based on that once the intercooler is installed, the heat exchange area is determined, the temperature of the pressurized air is related to the compression degree and the initial temperature before compression, under various specific load working conditions, the compression degree of the pressurized air is not changed greatly basically, the temperature of the pressurized air is related to the compression degree and the initial temperature of the air before compression, and the initial temperature of the air and the temperature of the seawater belong to the range of the ambient temperature (generally, the seawater temperature is high, the air temperature is also high, the seawater temperature is low, and the air temperature is also low). Therefore, for the operation of the marine diesel engine, the seawater temperature really determines the heat exchange capacity of the intercooler. The temperature of the cooling seawater is high, the heat exchange capacity is poor, so more water is needed for cooling in order to exchange the same heat, and the effect on operation is that the opening of the cooling water regulating valve is large under the same load; the temperature of the cooling seawater is low, the heat exchange capability is strong, the required cooling water amount is less when the same heat is exchanged, and the opening degree of the cooling water amount regulating valve is small under the same load in operation. In order to ensure that the diesel engine can keep a proper air inlet temperature of the air cylinder in the full-day and full-load range, the general intercooler is designed according to the highest seawater temperature and the maximum load (highest supercharging pressure). When the temperature of the seawater is lowered, in order to maintain the intake air temperature of the cylinder to be relatively stable, the opening degree of the cooling water amount adjusting valve corresponding to the maximum load needs to be lowered to reduce the amount of cooling water.

The heat quantity needing to be exchanged by the intercooler under different loads is in positive correlation with the supercharging air supercharging degree, the supercharging degree is large (the supercharging air pressure is high), the heat quantity needing to be exchanged by the intercooler is large, more cooling water needs to be supplied to the intercooler for heat exchange, and the effect is that the opening degree of the cooling water quantity regulating valve is increased in operation; the degree of supercharging is small (supercharged air pressure is low), and the amount of heat to be exchanged by the intercooler is small, so that the amount of cooling water supplied to the intercooler needs to be reduced, and the effect of operation is that the opening of the cooling water amount adjusting valve is reduced. Under the condition that the temperature of seawater is not changed, in order to maintain the relatively stable air inlet temperature of the air cylinder, a valve opening coefficient corresponding to a representative exhaust pressure value is selected and forms a line through connecting points,performing piecewise linearization to form a curve (shown in FIG. 7) of exhaust pressure-valve opening coefficient P0/P0.16/P0.32 … P_m/P_m+0.16… P1.6 is the opening coefficient value of the corresponding exhaust pressure cooling water quantity regulating valve set by the touch screen, P represents the currently monitored intercooler exhaust pressure, if P is_m≤p＜P_m+0.16Then, the calculation formula of the valve opening coefficient corresponding to the current exhaust pressure is:the opening calculation formula of the preset opening a of the valve is as follows: a is 90 ° × K1% × K2%.

The curve of the valve opening K1 shows the influence of the seawater temperature (which also represents the ambient temperature) on the opening of the cooling water amount regulating valve, and the curve of the valve opening K2 shows the influence of the boost pressure (the boost degree) on the opening of the cooling water amount regulating valve. The intelligent cooling water quantity regulating valve opening value is the result of combining the two factors (the regulating valve opening a is 90 degrees multiplied by K1 percent multiplied by K2 percent). For example, when the main engine is running, the system detects that the current seawater temperature is 25 ℃ and the exhaust pressure is 0.9kgf/cm²On the touch screen, the current seawater temperature is between 24 ℃ and 27 ℃, the corresponding maximum opening coefficient T24 and the corresponding maximum opening coefficient T27 of the valve are respectively 83 and 94, and then the seawater temperature of 25 ℃ corresponds to the seawater temperature of 27 DEG CCalculating K1-86.667; also, on the touch screen, we can see that the current exhaust pressure is at the preset exhaust pressure of 0.80kgf/cm²And 0.96kgf/cm²Corresponding valve opening coefficient P_0.80And P_0.96The set values were 52 and 63, respectively, then 0.9kgf/cm²Exhaust pressure of (1) corresponds toCalculating K2-58.875; at this time, the preset opening a of the intelligent cooling water volume adjusting valve is 90 ° × 86.667% × 58.875%, and a is calculated to be 45.92 °. The central controller feeds back the 45.92 degree valve opening control instruction and the control instruction fed back by the servo controllerIf the deviation exists, the controller can send an adjusting instruction to the servo controller according to the deviation, and the servo controller controls the servo motor to rotate to drive the adjusting valve to reach the corresponding opening degree. Once the central controller scans that the supercharging pressure or the cooling water temperature changes, the preset opening degree of the valve is recalculated according to the new operation parameters and the opening degree of the valve is adjusted to the new preset opening degree, so that the air inlet temperature of the cylinder is kept relatively stable.

In the intelligent mode (as shown in fig. 9), the servo controller determines whether to enter a preset mode or a fine control mode according to the change of a measured parameter, in the intelligent mode, the valve opening control firstly works according to the preset mode, after the valve reaches a preset value and passes a plurality of seconds (40 seconds in the embodiment), the discharge pressure of an intercooler and the temperature of cooling water are not changed, the fine control mode is started when the intercooling exhaust temperature exceeds the exhaust set temperature +/-3 ℃, a PID algorithm is automatically started, the valve is continuously adjusted, the intercooling exhaust temperature is controlled within the set temperature range (when the seawater temperature and the load of a diesel engine are kept relatively stable, a PLC processor collects the exhaust temperature signal of the intercooler and compares the preset temperature, if the deviation exists and exceeds the limit value, the PLC processor outputs an adjusting signal to the servo controller, the servo controller drives a servo motor to rotate to drive an intelligent cooling water quantity adjusting valve to adjust the opening, the amount of cooling water entering the intercooler is changed to enable the intercooling exhaust temperature to reach the preset temperature, and accurate temperature control is achieved). If the discharge pressure or the cooling water temperature of the intercooler changes, the operation is automatically returned to the preset mode.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.