阅读说明：本技术 一种电子机械液压线控制动器 (Electronic mechanical hydraulic line control brake ) 是由 董颖 常占辉 于 2019-08-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种电子机械液压线控制动器,包括电机,传动机构,螺纹机构,大活塞,小活塞,液压系统等。电机通过传动机构驱动螺纹机构,通过螺纹机构驱动液压系统,利用液压系统分别驱动大活塞和制动钳体向相反的方向移动,从制动盘两侧以相同的力将摩擦片压紧,同时避免了液压系统失效以及长时间持续制动工作可能造成的影响。本发明结构简单,工作可靠,制动效率高,能自动调节制动间隙,并补偿由于摩擦片磨损造成的影响,简化控制系统的设计,可用于行车制动及驻车制动。(The invention relates to an electronic mechanical hydraulic line control brake, which comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a thread mechanism, a large piston, a small piston, a hydraulic system and the like. The motor drives the screw mechanism through the transmission mechanism, drives the hydraulic system through the screw mechanism, and utilizes the hydraulic system to respectively drive the large piston and the brake caliper body to move towards opposite directions, so that the friction plates are pressed tightly by the same force from two sides of the brake disc, and the influence possibly caused by the failure of the hydraulic system and the long-time continuous braking work is avoided. The invention has simple structure, reliable work and high braking efficiency, can automatically adjust the braking clearance, compensate the influence caused by the abrasion of the friction plate, simplify the design of a control system and can be used for service braking and parking braking.)

1. An electronic mechanical hydraulic line control brake comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a thread mechanism, a liquid supplementing tank, a one-way valve, a pressure limiting valve, a throttling hole, a small piston, a large sealing ring, a brake caliper body, a brake disc and a friction plate; the method is characterized in that: the thread mechanism comprises a rotating part and a moving part; the motor is connected with a power input element of the transmission mechanism; the power output element of the transmission mechanism is connected with the rotating part of the screw thread mechanism; the small piston is arranged on the brake caliper body, one end of the small piston is connected with the thread mechanism, and the other end of the small piston comprises a curved surface structure with a certain curvature; the large piston is arranged in an installation hole on the brake caliper body through the large sealing ring, one end of the large piston is provided with the friction plate, and the other end of the large piston is provided with a curved surface structure corresponding to the curved surface structure of the small piston; a hydraulic cavity is arranged between the curved surface end of the large piston and the curved surface end of the small piston; the hydraulic cavity is connected with the liquid supplementing tank through the one-way valve; the hydraulic cavity is connected with the liquid supplementing tank through the pressure limiting valve, and the throttling hole is arranged between the pressure limiting valve and the hydraulic cavity; the friction plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the brake disc, one is arranged on the large piston, and the other is arranged on the brake caliper body.

2. The electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: the curved surface end of the large piston is in direct contact with the curved surface end of the small piston to form a contact curved surface, and the contact curved surface can be a slope, a circular arc surface, a hyperbolic surface, a parabolic surface and other curved surfaces or a combination of the curved surfaces.

3. The electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of claim 2, wherein: a gap is reserved between the large piston and the mounting hole on the brake caliper body, the size of the gap is larger than the feedback of the deformation between the contact of the friction plate and the brake disc and the generation of the maximum braking efficiency on the contact curved surface of the large piston and the small piston in the braking work, and the feedback of the free gap between the friction plate and the brake disc on the contact curved surface of the large piston and the small piston is smaller than the feedback of the free gap between the friction plate and the brake disc on the contact curved surface of the.

4. The electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of claim 2, wherein: and a roller mechanism is adopted at the position where the large piston is matched with the small piston in a curved surface manner.

5. The electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: and a sealing device is arranged between the small piston and the brake caliper body.

6. The electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: the moving piece of the screw mechanism is connected with the small piston/the brake caliper body, the connection mode comprises fixed connection and integration, and the connection mode specifically comprises the steps of processing a threaded hole on the small piston, processing a threaded hole on the brake caliper body, fixedly installing a screw rod on the small piston and fixedly installing a screw rod on the brake caliper body.

7. The electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of claim 6, wherein: and a piston positioning device is arranged between the small piston and the brake caliper body, so that the small piston can only move along the axis and cannot rotate.

8. The electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: the screw mechanism is characterized in that a ball structure is adopted to reduce friction resistance and improve the working efficiency of the system.

9. The electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: and a connecting device is arranged between the small piston and the thread mechanism.

10. The electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: when no transmission link with zero reverse efficiency exists in the transmission mechanism or the thread mechanism transmission pair, parking braking under the condition of power failure of the motor is realized by adopting a locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism adopts an electromagnetic brake or an electric control mechanical braking device, can fix a transmission element in the transmission link when the motor is switched on or switched off, keeps the pressure between the friction plate and the brake disc, and realizes the parking braking function; when the transmission mechanism or the thread mechanism transmission pair is provided with a transmission link with the reverse efficiency of zero, the parking brake can be realized by using the locking mechanism, and the parking brake under the condition of motor power failure can also be realized by using the condition that the reverse efficiency is zero and the power and the motion can not be reversely transmitted.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of brakes, in particular to a wire-controlled mechanical brake which can replace the existing floating caliper disc type hydraulic brake, realize that friction plates clamp a brake disc from two sides with the same pressure in an electric control mechanical hydraulic mode, and realize adjustable brake clearance and adjustable brake strength, in particular to an electronic mechanical hydraulic wire-controlled brake.

Background

The brake-by-wire technology is a novel brake technology appearing in recent years, a control system receives information of a sensor to control a motor to work without depending on mechanical or hydraulic connection between a brake and a brake pedal, and stable and reliable brake control of an automobile is realized. At present, there are two main types of electronic hydraulic brake systems (EHB) and electronic mechanical brake systems (EMB). The brake-by-wire system is beneficial to optimizing the braking performance of the whole vehicle, and can be conveniently integrated with other electronic control systems such as ABS, ASR, ESP and the like, so that the system has wide development space.

The electronic hydraulic brake system (EHB) is formed by transforming the traditional hydraulic brake system, the braking process is quicker and more stable, the braking safety and the comfort of an automobile are improved, but the hydraulic part is kept, and the characteristics of hydraulic oil pressure establishment, pressure oil flow energy transfer and the like still exist, so the electronic hydraulic brake system does not have all the advantages of a complete wire control brake system, and is generally regarded as an advanced product of an electronic mechanical brake system (EMB).

An electronic mechanical brake system (EMB) drives a mechanical mechanism through a motor to realize a braking process, so that the structure of the brake system is greatly simplified, and the brake is easier to arrange, assemble and overhaul. However, the conventional electromechanical braking system often lacks a function of automatically adjusting the braking clearance at the brake part, so that the problem that the efficiency of a brake actuator is variable under the conditions of external environment change and friction plate abrasion of the brake is caused, and certain difficulty is brought to the control of the braking efficiency. Meanwhile, when the mechanical transmission part needs to realize a larger transmission ratio, the mechanical transmission part often has the conditions of larger size, higher space requirement and the like, so that most of brakes have the problems of more complex structure, larger installation size and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an electromechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, reliable work and the like, can realize the automatic adjustment of the brake clearance, utilizes the advantages of small space, large transmission ratio and the like of the hydraulic system by the matching of the hydraulic system and the mechanical system, simultaneously avoids the phenomena of sensitivity reduction and the like caused by the problems of the flow of hydraulic oil, pressure establishment and the like in the hydraulic system, and also carries out structural design aiming at the conditions of failure of the hydraulic system, long-time continuous braking and the like.

The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:

an electronic mechanical hydraulic line control brake comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a thread mechanism, a liquid supplementing tank, a one-way valve, a pressure limiting valve, a throttling hole, a small piston, a large sealing ring, a brake caliper body, a brake disc and a friction plate; the method is characterized in that: the thread mechanism comprises a rotating part and a moving part; the motor is connected with a power input element of the transmission mechanism; the power output element of the transmission mechanism is connected with the rotating part of the screw thread mechanism; the small piston is arranged on the brake caliper body, one end of the small piston is connected with the thread mechanism, and the other end of the small piston comprises a curved surface structure with a certain curvature; the large piston is arranged in an installation hole on the brake caliper body through the large sealing ring, one end of the large piston is provided with the friction plate, and the other end of the large piston is provided with a curved surface structure corresponding to the curved surface structure of the small piston; a hydraulic cavity is arranged between the curved surface end of the large piston and the curved surface end of the small piston; the hydraulic cavity is connected with the liquid supplementing tank through the one-way valve; the hydraulic cavity is connected with the liquid supplementing tank through the pressure limiting valve, and the throttling hole is arranged between the pressure limiting valve and the hydraulic cavity; the friction plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the brake disc, one is arranged on the large piston, and the other is arranged on the brake caliper body.

The curved surface end of the large piston is in direct contact with the curved surface end of the small piston to form a contact curved surface, and the contact curved surface can be a slope, a circular arc surface, a hyperbolic surface, a parabolic surface and other curved surfaces or a combination of the curved surfaces.

A gap is reserved between the large piston and the mounting hole on the brake caliper body, the size of the gap is larger than the feedback of the deformation between the contact of the friction plate and the brake disc and the generation of the maximum braking efficiency on the contact curved surface of the large piston and the small piston in the braking work, and the feedback of the free gap between the friction plate and the brake disc on the contact curved surface of the large piston and the small piston is smaller than the feedback of the free gap between the friction plate and the brake disc on the contact curved surface of the. When the large piston and the small piston are in contact with each other, the friction plate is in contact with the brake disc, and the friction plate moves relatively on the curved surface between the large piston and the small piston to realize self-boosting effect. When the friction plate and the brake disc are contacted due to impurities or unevenness between the friction plate and the brake disc, relative movement can be generated on the curved surface between the large piston and the small piston, and the large piston is contacted with the mounting hole before the free gap is completely eliminated, so that the self-boosting effect can not occur.

And a roller mechanism is adopted at the position where the large piston is matched with the small piston in a curved surface manner.

And a sealing device is arranged between the small piston and the brake caliper body.

The moving piece of the screw mechanism is connected with the small piston/the brake caliper body, the connection mode comprises fixed connection and integration, and the connection mode specifically comprises the steps of processing a threaded hole on the small piston, processing a threaded hole on the brake caliper body, fixedly installing a screw rod on the small piston and fixedly installing a screw rod on the brake caliper body.

And a piston positioning device is arranged between the small piston and the brake caliper body, so that the small piston can only move along the axis and cannot rotate.

The screw mechanism is characterized in that a ball structure is adopted to reduce friction resistance and improve the working efficiency of the system.

And a connecting device is arranged between the small piston and the thread mechanism.

When no transmission link with zero reverse efficiency exists in the transmission mechanism or the thread mechanism transmission pair, parking braking under the condition of power failure of the motor is realized by adopting a locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism adopts an electromagnetic brake or an electric control mechanical braking device, can fix a transmission element in the transmission link when the motor is switched on or switched off, keeps the pressure between the friction plate and the brake disc, and realizes the parking braking function; when the transmission mechanism or the thread mechanism transmission pair is provided with a transmission link with the reverse efficiency of zero, the parking brake can be realized by using the locking mechanism, and the parking brake under the condition of motor power failure can also be realized by using the condition that the reverse efficiency is zero and the power and the motion can not be reversely transmitted.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment of an electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of a second embodiment of the electromechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of an embodiment three of the electromechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a front view of a fourth embodiment of an electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a front view of an embodiment five of the electromechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a front view of a sixth embodiment of an electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a connecting device between a small piston and a screw mechanism in the present invention.

The description is marked in the drawings: 1-brake caliper support 2-guide pin 3-brake caliper body 4-nut (4A two-way nut) 5-screw (5.1 left-handed screw 5A two-way screw) 6-worm wheel 7-liquid supplement tank 8-worm 9-small sealing ring 10-motor 11-small piston 12-friction plate 13-brake disc 14-motor shaft 15-electromagnetic brake 16-primary driving gear 17-one-way valve 18-pressure limiting valve 19-primary driven gear 20-secondary driving gear 21-secondary driven gear 22-electromagnetic coil 23-locking pin 24-return spring 25-plane thrust bearing 26-radial bearing 27-orifice 28-flat key 29-large piston 30-large sealing ring 31-conical roller bearing 32-cylindrical roller

Detailed Description

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.

As shown in fig. 1, an electromechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire brake comprises a caliper body (3) which can be moved on a guide pin (2), the guide pin (2) being fixed to a caliper support (1). A brake disc (13) is arranged in a jaw of the brake caliper body (3), friction plates (12) are arranged on two sides of the brake disc (13), one is arranged on the brake caliper body (3) and the other is arranged on a large piston (29), the large piston (29) is arranged on the brake caliper body (3) through a large sealing ring (30), the other end of the large piston (29) is provided with an inclined surface and is oppositely arranged with a small piston (11) which is also provided with the inclined surface, the small piston (11) is arranged in the brake caliper body (3) through a small sealing ring (9) and can move along the axis of the brake caliper body, the other end of the small piston is matched with a screw rod (5) of a screw thread mechanism through a plane thrust bearing (25), the other end of the screw rod (5) is provided with screw threads and is matched with a threaded hole on the brake caliper body (3), the outer surface of the screw rod (5) is connected with a secondary driven gear (21), the secondary driven gear (21), a secondary driving gear (20), a, the primary driving gear (16) is fixedly arranged on the motor shaft (14). A hydraulic cavity is arranged between the large piston (29) and the small piston (11), and the acting area of the small piston (11) on the hydraulic cavity is smaller than that of the large piston (29) on the hydraulic cavity. The hydraulic cavity is connected with the liquid replenishing tank (7) through a one-way valve (17), meanwhile, the hydraulic cavity is connected with the liquid replenishing tank (7) through a pressure limiting valve (18), and an orifice (27) is arranged between the pressure limiting valve (18) and the hydraulic cavity.

When the brake works, the motor (10) drives the gear mechanism to rotate, the drive screw rod (5) rotates, and the plane thrust bearing (25) is arranged between the screw rod (5) and the small piston (11), so the rotation of the screw rod (5) can not cause the small piston (11) to rotate, the screw rod (5) is matched with a threaded hole on the brake caliper body (3), and the brake caliper body (3) can not rotate, so the rotation of the screw rod (5) enables the small piston (11) to move leftwards, the pressure in a hydraulic cavity is increased, the large piston (29) is pushed to move leftwards, meanwhile, the brake caliper body (3) moves rightwards, the corresponding friction plates (12) are driven to press the brake disc (13) from two sides with the same force, and the efficient and reliable brake effect is realized. When the brake is released, the motor (10) drives the gear mechanism to rotate reversely, the screw rod (5) is driven to rotate reversely, the large piston (29)/the small piston (11) and the brake caliper body (3) are enabled to move relatively, and all elements recover to the initial positions.

When the friction plate (12) is abraded and the thickness is reduced, and the brake is in work, the motor (10) drives the screw rod (5) to rotate through the gear mechanism, the large piston (29)/the small piston (11) and the brake caliper body (3) are pushed to move relatively through the hydraulic cavity, after the elastic deformation of the large sealing ring (30) reaches the maximum, the motor (10) drives the screw rod (5) to continue to rotate due to abrasion of the friction plate (12), namely the large piston (29) continues to move relatively relative to the large sealing ring (30) until the required brake strength is achieved. When braking is relieved, the motor (10) drives the gear mechanism to rotate reversely to drive the screw rod (5) to rotate reversely, the large piston (29) moves back to a balance position relative to the brake caliper body (3) under the action of the large sealing ring (30), the small piston (11) and the brake caliper body (3) move under the action of the thread mechanism to recover an initial working position, due to abrasion of the friction plate, the pressure in the hydraulic cavity is reduced, the one-way valve (17) is opened, and oil flows into the hydraulic cavity from the oil supplementing tank (7) to compensate volume change caused by abrasion of the friction plate. The return of the large piston (29) is realized by a large sealing ring (30) which is the same as that of the traditional hydraulic disc brake, so that the brake clearance is kept consistent with that before abrasion, and the automatic adjustment of the brake clearance is realized.

When the hydraulic system fails and pressure cannot be built in the hydraulic cavity, the motor (10) can drive the screw mechanism to enable the small piston (11) to be in direct contact with the large piston (29) through the curved surface end, and the friction plate (12) is pushed to press the brake disc (13) from two sides. When the friction plate (12) contacts with the brake disc (13) to generate friction force, the large piston (29) moves relative to the small piston (11) due to the friction force and the action of the curved surface between the large piston and the small piston, so that the self-energizing effect is realized, and larger brake strength can be obtained by using smaller motor power. When the maximum braking strength is reached, the large piston (29) is not in contact with the mounting hole.

When the brake is continuously operated for a long time, the temperature of the brake rises to cause the pressure in the hydraulic cavity to rise, and when the pressure rises to a certain value, the pressure limiting valve (18) is opened to avoid damage. The orifice (27) is used to eliminate the effect of pressure fluctuations.

When the transmission reverse efficiency of the screw mechanism is zero, the motor (10) can drive the friction plate (12) to press the brake disc (13), and after the parking brake requirement is met, the parking brake under the condition that the motor (10) is powered off is realized by using the self-locking function of the screw mechanism.

When the transmission reverse efficiency of the screw mechanism is not zero, the motor shaft (14) can be released when the electromagnetic brake (15) is electrified, the motor shaft (14) is locked when the power is off to realize a parking braking mode under the condition that the motor (10) is powered off, or the parking braking mode of an electric control mechanical braking device is adopted, when the electromagnetic coil (22) is electrified, the locking pin (23) is under the action of electromagnetic force, the return spring (24) is compressed, the locking pin (23) is not in contact with the secondary driven gear (21), and the braking or the releasing of the brake is not influenced; when parking braking is needed, the motor (10) drives the friction plate (12) to press the brake disc (13) to meet the parking braking requirement, then the electromagnetic coil (22) is powered off, the locking pin (23) is inserted into the teeth of the secondary driven gear (21) under the elastic force action of the return spring (24) to keep the parking braking effect, and the parking braking function under the condition that the motor (10) is powered off can be realized

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 2.

The embodiment of fig. 2 differs from the embodiment of fig. 1 mainly as follows:

the transmission mechanisms are different, a worm gear mechanism is adopted for transmission in the attached figure 2, and a worm wheel (6) is a power output element of the transmission mechanism; in the attached figure 1, two-stage gear transmission is adopted, and a secondary driven gear (21) is a power output element of the transmission mechanism.

The connection modes of the thread mechanisms are different, a rotating part of the thread mechanism in the attached figure 1 is a screw rod (5), and a threaded hole of a matched moving part is integrated with a brake caliper body (3); in the attached figure 2, a rotating part of the thread mechanism is a nut (4), and a screw rod of a matched moving part is fixedly arranged on a small piston (11).

The small piston in figure 2 is additionally provided with a piston positioning device, and the small piston (11) can only move along the axis and cannot rotate by using a flat key (28).

The parking brake function is realized in different modes, in the attached figure 1, the parking brake can be realized by using the inverse efficiency of a thread mechanism as zero, or the parking brake under the condition that a motor (10) is powered off is realized through a locking mechanism; in fig. 2, the parking brake can be realized by using the reverse efficiency of the worm gear mechanism as zero or the reverse efficiency of the screw mechanism as zero, and the working mode of the locking mechanism is not expressed.

As shown in figure 2, a brake disc (13) is arranged in a jaw of a brake caliper body (3), friction plates (12) are arranged on two sides of the brake disc (13), one friction plate is arranged on the brake caliper body (3) and the other friction plate is arranged on a large piston (29), the large piston (29) is arranged on the brake caliper body (3) through a large sealing ring (30), the other end of the large piston (29) is provided with an inclined surface and is oppositely arranged with a small piston (11) which is also provided with the inclined surface, the small piston (11) is arranged in the brake caliper body (3) through a small sealing ring (9), the other end of the small piston is fixedly provided with a screw rod which is matched with a nut (4) of a screw thread mechanism, and a flat key (28) is arranged between the small piston (11) and the brake caliper body (3) to ensure that the small piston (11) can. The nut (4) is arranged on the brake caliper body (3), the outer surface of the nut is matched with the worm wheel (6), and the worm (8) which is matched with the worm wheel (6) to work is driven by the motor (10). The rest of the process is the same as the first embodiment, and the working process and the process of adjusting the gap are also the same as the first embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

In the attached figure 3, a rotating part of the screw mechanism is a nut (4), a moving part is a screw rod (5) and is fixedly arranged on the brake caliper body (3), and the rest is the same as the first embodiment.

In the attached figure 4, a rotating part of the thread mechanism is a two-way nut (4A), a moving part is two screw rods with opposite rotating directions, a right-handed screw rod is fixedly installed on a small piston (11), a left-handed screw rod (5.1) is fixedly installed on a brake caliper body (3), and a piston positioning device arranged between the small piston (11) and the brake caliper body (3) is a cylindrical roller (32), so that the small piston (11) can only axially move and cannot rotate, and the rest is the same as the embodiment I.

In the attached figure 5, a rotating part of the screw mechanism is a bidirectional screw rod (5A), a moving part is two threaded holes with opposite rotating directions, the two threaded holes are respectively processed into a whole with a small piston (11) and a brake caliper body (3), a piston positioning device arranged between the small piston (11) and the brake caliper body (3) is a cylindrical roller (32), so that the small piston (11) can only axially move and cannot rotate, and the rest is the same as the embodiment I.

In the attached figure 6, a rotating part of the screw mechanism is a screw rod (5), a moving part is a threaded hole and is processed into a whole with a small piston (11), a piston positioning device arranged between the small piston (11) and a brake caliper body (3) is a cylindrical roller (32), so that the small piston (11) can only axially move and cannot rotate, and the rest is the same as the embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the connecting device, when a plane thrust bearing (25) is arranged between the small piston (11) and the screw mechanism, the reverse return action of the screw mechanism needs to drive the small piston (11) to return through the connecting device. The connecting device does not influence the relative rotation between the small piston and the screw thread mechanism and the pushing of the screw thread mechanism to the small piston, and only drives the small piston to move rightwards together when the screw thread mechanism reversely rotates to return and moves rightwards when moving rightwards.

The transmission mechanism can adopt other transmission modes such as direct transmission, chain transmission, belt transmission, lever transmission, inhaul cable transmission, planetary gear transmission and the like or the combination of the transmission modes except a dead axle gear mechanism and a worm gear mechanism, the piston positioning device can also adopt various modes such as splines, pins, non-circular outer surfaces of pistons and the like besides a flat key and a cylindrical roller, and the locking mechanism can also realize the locking function by acting a locking pin on other gears or a special locking ratchet wheel integrated with the gears or installing a ratchet wheel and pawl mechanism on a motor shaft and the like. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive labor based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention has been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover various modifications, adaptations or uses of the invention, and all such modifications and changes are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.