阅读说明：本技术 一种螺栓连接副自动控制预载荷的施工方法 (A kind of construction method that bolt connection pair automatic control preloads ) 是由 陈纪平 于 2019-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明具体公开了一种螺栓连接副自动控制预载荷的施工方法,包括以下具体步骤：步骤1、将载荷指示垫圈上的凸出物预压成高低不同的两组；步骤2、利用拧紧工具的扭矩传感器,采集扭矩增量的变化来控制拧紧施工时的停止点；步骤3、计算先采集到的部分扭矩增量的平均值,把随后产生的扭矩增量与平均值比较,当连续多个增量小于平均值时,拧紧工具停止工作。本发明实施例螺栓连接副的安装完全摆脱扭矩系数的羁绊,排除了所有由扭矩系数引起的、影响安装质量的不利因素；每个螺栓连接副的增量平均值都在安装过程中产生,通过一对一的动态逻辑控制,避开了扭矩系数对高强度螺栓连接副安装质量的影响,且螺栓连接副的安装过程能够实现自动化控制。(The invention particularly discloses a kind of bolt connection pairs to automatically control the construction method that preloads, comprising the following specific steps step 1, load indicated that the projection on washer is pressed into different two groups of height in advance；Step 2, the torque sensor using tightening tool acquire halt when construction is tightened in the variation of torque increase to control；Step 3, the average value for calculating first collected part torque increase, the torque increase then generated compared with average value, when continuous multiple increments are less than average value, tightening tool stops working.The yoke of torque coefficient are completely free of in the installation of bolt connection pair of the embodiment of the present invention, are eliminated all as caused by torque coefficient, the unfavorable factor of influence installation quality；The increment average value of each bolt connection pair generates during the installation process, is controlled by one-to-one dynamic logic, avoids influence of the torque coefficient to high strength bolt connection pairs installation quality, and the installation process of bolt connection pair can be realized automation control.)

1. a kind of bolt connection pair automatically controls the construction method preloaded, which is characterized in that comprising the following specific steps

Step 1 preloads the power with certain proportion relationship using with design, and load is indicated that the projection on washer is pressed into advance Just different two groups；

Step 2, the torque sensor using tightening tool acquire stopping when construction is tightened in the variation of torque increase to control Point；

Step 3, the average value for calculating first collected part torque increase, the torque increase and average value ratio then generated Compared with when continuous multiple increments are less than average value, control tightening tool stops working.

2. bolt connection pair according to claim 1 automatically controls the construction method preloaded, which is characterized in that above-mentioned In step 3, continuous multiple increments include the fixed amount of each nominal diameter bolt connection pair.

3. bolt connection pair according to claim 1 automatically controls the construction method preloaded, which is characterized in that above-mentioned In step 3, continuous multiple increments further include the compensation rate for preloading bolt connection pair in varied situations.

4. bolt connection pair according to claim 1 or 2 automatically controls the construction method preloaded, which is characterized in that spiral shell Bolt auxiliary connection includes the bolt (1) for connection member (6) and the compatible nut (5) with the bolt (1), the spiral shell Bolt auxiliary connection further includes two plain washers (3).

5. bolt connection pair according to claim 3 automatically controls the construction method preloaded, which is characterized in that wherein one A plain washer (3) is placed in the bolt head end of bolt (1), and load instruction washer (2) by precompressed is placed in the plain washer (3) Between structural member (6), load indicates the projection (21) of washer (2) towards plain washer (3).

6. bolt connection pair according to claim 4 automatically controls the construction method preloaded, which is characterized in that another The plain washer (3) is placed under the bearing surface of nut (5).

7. bolt connection pair according to claim 4 automatically controls the construction method preloaded, which is characterized in that described Under the action of projection preloads, gap (4) are formed between load instruction washer (2) and the plain washer (3).

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field is bolted, specifically a kind of bolt connection pair automatically controls the construction party preloaded Method.

Background technique

Currently, in the world there are four types of the construction methods of steel construction high strength bolt connection pairs: calibrated wrench method, torsional shear type bolt Method, turn-nut method and load indicate washer.

Calibrated wrench method construction depends on torque coefficient, and value is provided by the manufacturer of high strength bolt connection pairs.Unit in charge of construction Construction needed for the pre-load value that the torque coefficient provided when construction according to manufacturer's quality certificate and designing unit require calculates is turned round Square is constructed.However torque coefficient changes with the difference of the factors such as temperature, time, humidity, storage and transportation environment, this will affect use The installation quality for preloading bolt connection pair of calibrated wrench method construction.

Torsional high strength threaded bolt jiont is substantially the principle for applying calibrated wrench method construction, and only the form of expression is not Together.When tightening construction, preloaded using the positive and negative moment of torsion control between the wabbler of nuts and bolt tail portion, so, calibrated wrench method The shortcomings that construction, it all had.

Though turn-nut method does not have to torque coefficient, it is by the thickness of connecting plate layer, the flatness of plate, the number of plies of connecting plate Etc. factors influence it is bigger, the angle that the change of one of factor will be such that construction rotates is different, none unified value, Easily cause owe to twist, the super constructional deficiencies such as stubborn.

As shown in Figure 1, load instruction washer 2 is to process a series of uniform and concentric projection in intervals on plain washer 21.As shown in Fig. 2, load instruction washer 2 is used cooperatively with the plain washer 3 that hardens.When nut is tightened, to the plain washer 3 that hardens When applying pressure, the projection 21 of load instruction washer 2 is compressed, and gap 4 gradually becomes smaller.When gap 4 is less than standard specified value When, preloading for bolt also reaches defined value, and accuracy is high.So, the size in gap 4 how is known, in traditional technology It generally requires to be measured with thickness gage.So in the construction process, need to stop tightening frequently using thickness gage detector gap 4, Here it is influence the widely used maximum drawback of load instruction washer.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of bolt connection pairs to automatically control the construction method preloaded, above-mentioned to solve The problem of being proposed in background technique.

To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of bolt connection pairs to automatically control the construction method preloaded, the construction method packet Include step in detail below:

Step 1 preloads the power with certain proportion relationship using with design, and load is indicated that the projection on washer is pressed into advance Just different two groups；

Step 2, the torque sensor using tightening tool acquire stopping when construction is tightened in the variation of torque increase to control Point；

Step 3, the average value for calculating first collected part torque increase, the torque increase and average value ratio then generated Compared with when continuous multiple increments are less than average value, control tightening tool stops working.

As a further solution of the present invention: in above-mentioned steps 3, continuous multiple increments are made of two parts: one Divide the fixed amount for corresponding to each nominal diameter bolt connection pair；Another part is to preload to be bolted in varied situations Secondary compensation rate.

As a further solution of the present invention: bolt connection pair include for connection member bolt and with the spiral shell The compatible nut of bolt, the bolt connection pair further include two plain washers, and one of plain washer is placed in the bolt head of bolt End, the load instruction washer by precompressed are placed between the plain washer and structural member, and projection is towards plain washer；Another plain cushion Circle is placed under the bearing surface of nut.

The surface of the load instruction washer is with projection, and the projection is one group of high projection and one group of low protrusion Object；

As a further solution of the present invention: in the projection under the action of preloading, the load instruction washer and institute It states and forms gap between plain washer.

Compared with prior art, the construction preloaded is automatically controlled in high strength exploitation provided in an embodiment of the present invention In method, the yoke of torque coefficient are completely free of in the installation of bolt connection pair, are eliminated all as caused by torque coefficient, influence The unfavorable factor of installation quality；The increment average value of each bolt connection pair generates during the installation process, by one-to-one Dynamic logic control, avoids influence of the torque coefficient to torque.Pattern detection the result shows that, the average value that preloads, standard Deviation and the coefficient of variation all meet correlation standard；And the installation process of bolt connection pair can be realized automation control.

Detailed description of the invention

It to describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to embodiment or description of the prior art Needed in attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some realities of the invention Apply example.

Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view that load indicates washer in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is that load in the prior art indicates washer with the plain washer that hardens with the use of schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is that bolt connection pair provided in an embodiment of the present invention passes through when automatically controlling construction in the construction method preloaded The placement schematic of the load instruction washer of precompressed.

Fig. 4 is that the load that bolt connection pair provided in an embodiment of the present invention automatically controls in the construction method preloaded indicates Washer schematic perspective view.

In figure: 1- bolt, 2- load indicate washer, 21- high projection, the low projection of 22-, 3- plain washer, the gap 4-, 5- Nut, 6- structural member.

Specific embodiment

In order to which technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved are more clearly understood, tie below Accompanying drawings and embodiments are closed, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only To explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.

Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are please referred to, a kind of bolt connection pair is provided in one embodiment provided by the invention, it is described Bolt connection pair includes the bolt 1 and nut 5 compatible with the bolt 1 for connection member 6, described to be bolted Pair further includes two plain washers 3, and one of plain washer 3 is placed in the bolt head end of bolt 1, and the load by precompressed indicates washer 2 are placed between the plain washer 3 and structural member 6, and projection is towards plain washer；

Further, another plain washer 3 is placed under the bearing surface of nut 5.

In embodiments of the present invention, the surface of the load instruction washer 2 is with projection, and the projection is one group high Projection 21 and one group of low projection 22, for the projection under the action of preloading, load indicates washer 2 and the plain washer Gap 4 is formed between 3.

For indicating washer for the load of M30 bolt connection pair, it has 8 projections.It is shown in Fig. 4 be by The load of precompressed indicates washer, the main element that it implements as the present invention, and main function is to cause torque " prominent Become ".The projection of load instruction washer by precompressed is divided into left and right each 3 of high projection 21() and low projection is (above and below Each 1).

As shown in figure 3, rotating nuts 5, the clamping load of auxiliary connection indicates the height of washer 2 by 3 compressive load of plain washer Projection 21, gap 4 gradually reduce, and when high projection 21 is with low 22 grade height of projection, torque increase variation is maximum.Torque passes Sensor carries out logical operation after capturing this signal, to determine halt of constructing.

The embodiment of the invention also provides use the bolt connection pair to realize the construction method for automatically controlling and preloading, tool Body, the construction method comprising the following specific steps

Step 1 preloads the power with certain proportion relationship using with design, and load is indicated that the projection on washer is pressed into advance Just different two groups, the regulation of precompression size and bolt connection pair preload it is proportional so that after the completion of construction, Gap meets the regulation of relevant criterion, to use thickness gage acceptance.Wherein, gap is not used to Construction control.

Step 2, the torque sensor using tightening tool, the variation for acquiring torque increase (rather than torque) are stubborn to control Halt when tight construction.When construction, when the high point of precompressed is compressed into the transition region contour with low spot, torque increase variation Maximum continues tightening tool, and as flattened washer, torque increase significantly reduces.Thus the critical of torque increase variation is found out Point.

Step 3 finds out halt with logical program control method: first calculating collected part torque increase at first Average value, the torque increase then generated compared with average value, when continuous multiple increments are less than average value, i.e. control is tightened Tool stops working.

Wherein, in above-mentioned steps 3, continuous multiple increments are made of two parts: one to correspond to each nominal straight The fixed amount of diameter bolt connection pair；The other is preloading the compensation rate of bolt connection pair in varied situations, such as bolt length With diameter ratio be greater than the stay bolt of prescribed by standard because preloading loss caused by tightening, surface heat dip zinc treating preloads Bolt connection pair construction cause zinc layers wriggle preload loss, etc..

The yoke of torque coefficient are completely free of in the installation of high strength bolt connection pairs provided in an embodiment of the present invention, are eliminated It is all as caused by torque coefficient, influence installation quality unfavorable factor.The increment average value of each bolt connection pair is being pacified It is generated during dress, is controlled by one-to-one dynamic logic, avoid influence of the torque coefficient to torque.Pattern detection result Show that the average value preloaded, standard deviation and the coefficient of variation meet correlation standard.And installation process realizes automation Control.

It is to be appreciated that the directional instruction (such as up, down, left, right, before and after, inside and outside ...) of institute in the embodiment of the present invention It is only used for explaining in relative positional relationship, the motion conditions etc. under a certain particular pose (as shown in the picture) between each component, such as When the fruit particular pose changes, then directionality instruction also correspondingly changes correspondingly.

In addition, the description for being related to " one ", " two " etc. in the present invention is used for description purposes only, and should not be understood as instruction or It implies its relative importance or implicitly indicates the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.The feature of " one ", " two " are defined as a result, It can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

It in addition, the technical solution between each embodiment can be combined with each other, but must be with ordinary skill Based on personnel can be realized, this technical side will be understood that when the combination of technical solution appearance is conflicting or cannot achieve The combination of case is not present, also not the present invention claims protection scope within.