阅读说明：本技术 进行数据通信的方法 (The method for carrying out data communication ) 是由 S·优素福 V·托伦蒂诺 于 2019-05-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：进行数据通信的方法。本发明涉及一种在至少两个装置之间进行数据通信的方法,其中,所述至少两个装置经由电气总线线路连接,各个装置检测从相应的装置流向所述总线线路的装置电流的幅值,一个装置提升其它装置的装置电流以便通告数据传递,并且在通告数据传递之后,通过对所述其它装置的装置电流进行调制来传递数据。(The method for carrying out data communication.The method that the present invention relates to a kind of to carry out data communication between at least two devices, wherein, at least two device is via electric bus connection, each device detection flows to the amplitude of the device electric current of the bus line from corresponding device, one device promotes the device electric current of other devices so as to notification data transmitting, and it after notification data transmitting, is modulated by the device electric current to other devices to transmit data.)

1. a kind of method for carrying out data communication between at least two devices (16), wherein

At least two device (16) connects via electric bus route (18),

Each device (16) detection flows to the amplitude of the device electric current of the bus line (18) from related device (16),

- one device (16) promotes the device electric current of other devices (16), so that notification data transmits,

After noticing the data transmitting, it is modulated by the device electric current to other devices (16) to transmit number According to.

2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein,

Described device (16) carries out bidirectional data communication using the electric bus route (18), wherein other devices (16) also notification data transmits at least one device (16) in after last data transmitting has been completed.

3. according to claim 1 or method as claimed in claim 2, wherein

More than two devices (16) connect via the electric bus route (18), wherein electric bus route (18) packet Include Star topology.

4. the method according at least one of preceding claims, wherein

When transmitting there is no data, described device (16) draws quiescent current from the electric bus route (18), wherein Described device (16) preferably includes idle resistor (R_high), the free time resistor helps the quiescent current from described total Line route (18) flow to ground, wherein the idle resistor (R of different device (16)_high) further preferably with the resistance of different ohms.

5. the method according at least one of preceding claims, wherein

By being modulated device electric current come during transmitting data, described device electric current is modulated using Manchester code 's.

6. the method according at least one of preceding claims, wherein

During data transmitting, the address of destination apparatus is sent first, is and then destined to the data of the destination apparatus.

7. the method according at least one of preceding claims, wherein

Data communication is carried out between described device (16) using the device electric current modulated using only single electric bus route (18)。

8. the method according at least one of preceding claims, wherein

The electric bus route (18) is provided only on printed circuit board.

9. the method according at least one of preceding claims, wherein

Only one device (16) promotes the device electric current of other devices (16).

10. a kind of device (16) for carrying out data communication, wherein described device (16) is configured as:

Electric bus route (18) are connected to,

Detection flows into the amplitude of the device electric current of the bus line from described device,

The device electric current for being connected to other devices (16) of the bus line (18) is promoted, so that notification data transmits,

After noticing the data transmitting, it is modulated by the device electric current to other devices (16) to transmit number According to, and

Data are received by the modulation of the device electric current of detection described device (16).

11. a kind of bus system (10), the bus system includes at least two devices (16) according to claim 10 Wherein,

Described device (16) is connected via single electric bus route (18).

12. bus system according to claim 11, wherein

Each device (16) includes the data-interface (14) with processing unit (12), wherein described device (16) is via the electricity Gas bus line (18) transmits the interface data received from the data-interface (14).

Technical field

The present invention relates to the methods that data communication is carried out between at least two devices.

Background technique

The method for carrying out data communication is widely used in different applications.For example, in automotive vehicles applications, to counting Demand according to the data processing of communication is growing.It is different especially in autonomous driving application or semi-autonomous driving application Processing unit (for example, system on chip-SOC) needs to exchange data.This data communication needs high functional safety.However, At the same time, data communication should be realized in the case where not generating high-cost situation.In addition, should also provide other aspects, for example, anti- The stability of electromagnetic interference (EMI).

Summary of the invention

The method that therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of to carry out data communication between at least two devices, the party Method allows safely and reliably to transmit data, wherein this method can be preferably to be realized with a low cost.

The purpose is realized by according to the method for claim 1.

Claim 1 is related to a kind of method that data communication is carried out between at least two devices, wherein

At least two device via electric bus connection,

Each device detection flows to the amplitude of the device electric current of the bus line from related device,

- one device promotes the device electric current of other devices, so that notification data transmits,

After noticing the data transmitting, one device is carried out by the device electric current to other devices Modulation is to transmit data.

In other words, thus the one device for promoting the device electric current of other devices requires bus priority (that is, becoming master device), and other devices then preferably switch to slave pattern/reception pattern, wherein other dresses The data to be received from one device (that is, described master device) such as set.It is described other by being promoted in the master device The device electric current (for example, scheduled duration being reached by lifting device electric current, for example, 1ms) of device transmits to have advertised the data Later, the master device modulates the device electric current of other devices.By means of this of the device electric current to other devices Kind modulation, data are transferred to other devices from master device.

It according to the present invention, therefore, can be by simply promoting and then modulating the device electric currents of other devices first To carry out data communication.It is thus possible to realize the data communication that there is robustness to electromagnetic interference.Meanwhile promoting and modulating institute It states device electric current and does not need excessive circuit, to allow to be realized with a low cost data communication.Due to the reliability of data communication, Method of the invention can be used for safety-related function, for example, in Senior Officer's auxiliary system (ADAS).

In this respect, described device electric current is the electric current of the bus line to be flowed into from related device and/or from described total The electric current of line route inflow related device, that is, positive current or negative current.In other words, described device electric current be specific device with The electric current of the bus line exchange.

Preferably, be connected to the electric bus route each device can connect again to processing unit (for example, via Data-interface), wherein the information that described device conversion is received from respective handling unit via the electric bus route to pass It is defeated.

It is clear that " promoting described device electric current " can mean " promoting the amplitude of described device electric current " and/or " mention Rise the absolute value of described device electric current ".

" bus unit " or " device " is referred to herein as by the described device that the bus line communicates.

Preferred feature and embodiment of the invention are disclosed in specification, attached drawing and dependent claims.

Preferably, described device carries out bidirectional data communication using the electric bus route, wherein other devices In at least one device last data transmitting completed after also notification data transmit.This means that preferably, each Device can become master device.However, primary only allow a master device.Therefore, each device can also become from device, To receive the data sent by the master device.

For example, first device initially can be one device, the device electric current of other devices is promoted, to notice The data transmitting.Then, the first device is modulated to transmit data by the device electric current to other devices.Institute After stating data transmitting, second device is then lifted out the device electric current of other devices, to also promote the dress of the first device Set electric current.To which the second device becomes one device/master device.Then, the second device passes through to it The device electric current of its device is modulated to transmit data.

Advantageously, more than two devices are via the electric bus connection, wherein the electric bus route includes Star topology.In other words, more than two devices (or all devices) are electrically connected to same electric bus route.Each device It can be directly electrically coupled to each other devices.

It is further advantageous that described device is drawn (just from the electric bus route at least when transmitting there is no data Or negative) quiescent current.The quiescent current has the advantage that described device can easily detect the mistake of the bus, For example, if quiescent current failure (that is, being decreased to zero).In order to provide the quiescent current, the apparatus may include Idle resistor, the free time resistor help the quiescent current to flow to ground from the bus line, wherein the sky of different device Not busy resistor preferably has the resistance of different ohms.Particularly, the idle resistor can be directly connected to and it is described total Line route.Then, the resistance of different ohms can trigger the quiescent current.The Ohmic resistance of different device can differ at least +/- 10% or at least +/- 15%.Alternatively, the resistance of different ohms can be realized by carrying out digital programmable to device.

If detecting that the quiescent current is zero (although the bus line function is normal), the sky can change The Ohmic resistance of not busy resistor, for example, described by being connected to one or more regulating resistors (series connection and/or parallel connection) Idle resistor.The regulating resistor can be connected during setting up procedure or during operation.Then, the adjusting resistance Device can bring non-zero quiescent current.

In order to detect the quiescent current, the voltage drop at the idle resistor can detecte, for example, by means of operation Amplifier.It is of course also possible to use different modes detects the quiescent current.

If the quiescent current is different from will be present in the case where no other devices are connected to the bus line Quiescent current, then assume that the bus line function is normal.If detecting bus failure (for example, by detection institute State quiescent current), then the bus unit can export caution signal.

By being modulated described device electric current come during transmitting data, it is preferable that utilize Manchester (Manchester) code modulates described device electric current.In Manchester code, the coding of each data bit otherwise be it is low and then high, Be it is high and then low, it is high and low to continue the same time.Therefore, the modulation of described device electric current can provide motor synchronizing signal (self-clocking signal), it is preferable that do not have direct current (DC) component.Due to using Manchester code, it is described Electric bus route and the described device communicated by the electric bus route can be easily electrically isolated.

Advantageously, during data transmitting, the address of destination apparatus is sent first, is followed by and is filled for the target Set specified data.For example, first sends the ground that byte may include the destination apparatus (that is, one of described bus unit) Location.It is then possible to send the data (that is, payload) for one or more bytes specified for the destination apparatus.The mesh Device for mark is one of the said slave device for receiving data.The payload can also include the request to data, wherein the request It may include the address of request unit, then, the request, which triggers the destination apparatus, becomes master device and by requested number According to being sent to the request unit.Each of described device can have unique ID, that is, unique address.

Preferably, data communication is carried out between described device using the device electric current modulated using only single electrical total Line route.In other words, the bus line realizes the connection of single line over the ground.It is preferably anticipated using single electric bus route Taste other than the electric bus route, there is no by data from a bus unit be transferred to another bus unit its It is electrically connected.

Described device preferably can have modulated resistance device (R_high), which can be in the bus line Switch between ground, for example, by means of transistor.When the modulated resistance device is connected between the bus line and ground, This can lead to the higher device electric current in other devices.For this purpose, the Ohmic resistance of the modulated resistance device can be lower than The Ohmic resistance of the free time resistor, for example, being lower than 1k Ω or preferably from about 500 Ω.

Modulated resistance device (the R_high) can be switched over by modulation transistor.Modulated resistance device and the modulation are brilliant Body pipe can be connected in series.Modulated resistance device (the R_high) and the series connection of the modulation transistor can be with the free time Capacitor in parallel connection, that is, between the bus line and ground.If the modulation transistor becomes that (connection) is connected, Modulated resistance device (the R_high) be conductively arranged between the bus line and ground.Then, pass through the modulated resistance device (R_high) extracurrent can promote the device electric currents of other devices.The modulation transistor can also be by repeating to open Pass acts be modulated to electric current to carry out the data transmitting.

Advantageously, the electric bus route is provided only on printed circuit board (PCB), it is preferable that the electric bus Route is more than that 50% length is directly contacted with the substrate of the PCB.In other words, the electric bus route is only used for connecting The bus unit on PCB is connect, for example, the different system on chip (SOC) for being indirectly connected on same PCB.The SOC is preferred Ground can be configured as Senior Officer's auxiliary system (ADAS).

It is preferred if only one primary device promotes the device electric current of other devices.Therefore, described device In only one device can become one device (master device), thus eliminate when several devices and meanwhile attempt transmission number According to when occur the problem of.Due to improving the device electric current of other devices first, other devices are learnt at once One device is wanted to send data.In this case, other devices are avoided requiring bus priority, that is, are promoted The device electric current of other devices itself.On the contrary, other devices are waited until the data of one device pass Pass completion.

Preferably, during the device electric current for promoting other devices and/or other devices device electric current After boosted, one device disconnects its receiver part (see below), that is, cannot receive data again.

The invention further relates to a kind of devices for carrying out data communication, wherein described device is configured as

It is connected to electric bus route,

Detection flows into the amplitude of the device electric current of the bus line from described device,

The device electric current for being connected to other devices of the bus line is promoted, so that notification data transmits,

After noticing the data transmitting, it is modulated by the device electric current to other devices to transmit number According to, and

Data are received by the modulation of the device electric current of detection described device.

Described device preferably includes sense resistor (R_sense), which is for example in sensing transistor and leads Supply voltage (V is connected in the case where logical state_DD) and the bus line between.In other words, the sense resistor (R_sense) and the sensing transistor can be connected in series, wherein the series connection is connected to supply voltage and the Bus Wire Road.If the sensing transistor is in the conductive state, can be detected by the voltage drop in the sense resistor The variation of device electric current.It is thus possible to detect whether another device has improved described device electric current and/or whether utilized institute The modulation for stating device electric current has sent data.

It is noted for clarity that arriving, described device electric current may include the quiescent current.However, utilizing the sense Measuring resistance device (R_sense), it may be only capable of detecting the electric current equal with device electric current in the case where no quiescent current.

As described above, described device preferably further includes modulated resistance device (R_high), the modulated resistance device is in the modulation It is connected in the case that transistor is in the conductive state between the bus line and ground.It should be noted that in general, the only sense The side surveyed in transistor and the modulation transistor is in the conductive state.For example, if the modulation transistor is on State, then the sensing transistor shutdown, to keep the sense resistor and the electric bus route electrically separated.When described When sense resistor is separated with the electric bus route, promotion or modulation device electric current can't detect.Therefore, the dress The receiver part (that is, described sense resistor) set disconnects.

Equally, if the sensing transistor is in the conductive state, the modulation transistor is preferably turned off.If institute It states bus unit to be not desired to send data, then the bus unit is preferably held in reception state (from device).In the reception Under state, the sensing transistor is in the conductive state, and the modulation transistor is not on state.

When the modulated resistance device switches between the bus line and ground, the modulated resistance device is from the bus Route draws electric current, to promote the device electric current of other devices.In the same way, the modulation transistor and the tune Resistor processed can be used for being modulated to transmit data the device electric current of other devices.

The invention further relates to a kind of bus system, which includes at least two (preferably, at least five) institute as above The device stated.Described device is via single electric bus connection.As described above, described device is via single line electric bus line Road (over the ground) connection.

Preferably, each of described device in bus system device includes connecing with the data of processing unit Mouthful, wherein described device transmits the interface data received from the data-interface via the electric bus route.In other words It says, each processing unit (for example, SOC) can be directly connected to one of described bus unit, wherein corresponding device directly connects It is connected to the electric bus route.For example, the data-interface between the processing unit and related device include several simultaneously Row data line, for example, eight Parallel Electrical data lines.Alternatively or in addition, the processing unit and related device can be via SPI (serial peripheral interface) connection.The data-interface can provide transmitted than the data on the electric bus route it is high Transfer speed of data.Then described device may include buffer, which temporarily stores via the data-interface from The data that reason unit receives, until delivering the data via the electric bus route.On the electric bus route Transfer speed of data can be between 100kbit to 1Mbit, preferably from about 400kbit.

Described device is preferably formed into integrated circuit (IC) and/or ASIC (specific integrated circuit).

During bus system operation, one of described processing unit passes data to this via the data-interface The bus unit of processing unit connection.The bus unit receives the data, is then turned off its sense resistor (R_sense) and by its Modulated resistance device (R_high) be connected between the electric bus route and ground.To which increased electric current flows through the modulation electricity Device is hindered, to increase the device electric current for being also connected to other devices of the electric bus route.Other devices The device electric current promoted is interpreted as the signal that data are transmitted in expectation.

One device (that is, improving the device of the device electric current of other devices) is then by (by means of institute State modulation transistor) it repeats to switch the modulated resistance device temporarily to transmit data between the bus line and ground.Via The device electric current of other devices modulated, sends the address of the destination apparatus first.Then payload is sent (that is, real Border data).Manchester's code is preferably by send all data

Then, the destination apparatus receives the payload and is transferred to the payload and is connected to via the data-interface The processing unit of the destination apparatus.If the payload includes request of data, the destination apparatus can be promoted (in turn) The device electric current of other devices, is then passed back to requested data.

Only as an example, the supply voltage of described device may be about 3.3V or 5V.The staticizer electric current can be situated between Between 0.05mA to 2mA, it is preferably between 0.1mA to 1mA.When described device current boost, described device electric current can To increase by 500 to 25 times, preferably increase by 10 times.

It is clear that if the voltage being mentioned herein typically refers to voltage-to-ground without other explanations.

The Ohmic resistance of the sense resistor is preferably between 0.5 Ω to 50 Ω, particularly between 5 Ω To between 25 Ω.The modulated resistance device can have the Ohmic resistance in the range of 100 Ω to 2k Ω, and preferably 300 Ω to 500 Ω.

It should be noted that being also applied for the device of the invention and this herein with respect to the disclosure that method of the invention is carried out The bus system of invention.

Detailed description of the invention

Now, referring to attached drawing, by example, present invention is described.

Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of bus system；

Fig. 2 shows the internal structures of one of device；And

Fig. 3 shows the voltage of sense resistor at any time.

Specific embodiment

Fig. 1 shows bus system 10 comprising using seven processing units of system on chip form, SOC 12.Often A SOC 12 is attached to a bus unit 16 via parallel data grabbing card 14.Therefore, bus system 10 includes seven total traditional thread binding Set 16.Bus unit 16 is all connected directly to a single electric bus route 18.Bus unit 16 be also connected to (in Fig. 1 It is not shown).

It can find out in Fig. 1, bus line 18 includes Star topology.

Fig. 2 shows the internal structures of one of bus unit 16.Bus unit includes being directly electrically coupled to bus line 18 Bus pin 20.Bus unit 16 further includes the grounding pin 22 being coupled electrically to ground.In bus pin 20 and grounding pin 22 Between connect free time resistor (idle resistor) R_idle.Idle resistor R_idleOhmic resistance with about 3k Ω.It is different The idle resistor R of bus unit 16_idleOhmic resistance it is different, to realize quiescent current.

With idle resistor R_idleIt is provided with modulated resistance device R in parallel_high, modulated resistance device R_highWith modulation crystal Pipe 24 is arranged in series.If modulation transistor 24 is in the conductive state, electric current can pass through modulated resistance device R_highFrom bus Pin 20 flow to grounding pin 22.

Bus unit 16 further includes the power pins 26 for being connected to about 3.3V supply voltage.Draw in power pins 26 with bus Concatenated sense resistor R is provided between foot 20_senseWith sensing transistor 28.

First operational amplifier (OpAmp) 30 is set to detect sense resistor R_senseOn voltage drop.For this purpose, first Each input terminal in two input terminals of OpAmp 30 is connected to sense resistor R_senseOne of terminal.2nd OpAmp 32 Receive the output of the first OpAmp 30 and by the output and reference voltage V_refIt is compared.The output of 2nd OpAmp 32 is presented It is sent in decoder 34, decoder 34 is by protocol conversion used in bus unit 16 at agreement used in SOC 12.Decoding Device 34 is attached in its outlet side and sends and receivees pin 36.

It sends and receivees pin 36 and is also coupled to encoder 38, encoder 38 is by protocol conversion used in SOC 12 at total Agreement used in line apparatus 16 (that is, Manchester's code).The output end of encoder 38 is via adder 40 and modulation crystal Pipe 24 couples, so that encoder 38 can control the switch motion of modulation transistor 24.Only when read/write pin 42 is in low electricity When voltage level, the switch motion of modulation transistor 24 just can control.Read/write pin 42 is also connected to adder via phase inverter 44 40.Therefore, modulation transistor 24 can only be modulated in the case where read/write pin 42 is pulled low flows through modulated resistance device R_highElectricity Stream.

Bus unit 16 finally includes the safety diodes 46 being connected between power pins 26 and grounding pin 22, In, the cathode of safety diodes 46 is attached to power pins 26.

It has to be noted that decoder 34 and encoder 38 can also be realized in SOC 21, especially SOC12's It is realized in software.

Read/write pin 42 is also coupled to sensing transistor 28, so that when read/write pin 42 is pulled low, sensing transistor 28 are in nonconducting state.Therefore, during bus unit 16 transmits data, sense resistor R_senseThe voltage at place is zero.

If the SOC 12 that bus unit 16 is connected from it receives data, read/write pin 42 is pulled low, and data are It is received by sending and receiving pin 36.Then, sensing transistor 28 disconnects, and modulation transistor 24 is closed.Modulation crystal The closure of pipe 24 causes the device electric current of other bus units 16 to increase, that is, passes through the corresponding sense electricity of other bus units 16 Hinder device R_senseElectric current increase.After the promotion electric current in this stage, modulated by open and close modulation transistor 24 to Data are sent, this causes the sense resistor R by other devices 16_senseModulation electric current.Other devices 16 are it is possible thereby to connect Receive transmitted data.

In the case where receiving data, read/write pin 42 is raised, to disconnect modulation transistor 24 and be closed sensing Transistor 28 (that is, making it on state).Then, pass through sense resistor R_senseModulation electric current can be by OpAmp 30, it 32 detects and is decoded by decoder 34, and finally sending and receiving output at pin 36.

Fig. 3 shows sense resistor R_senseThese different phases in voltage pattern at any time.Sense resistor R_sense The variation of the voltage indication means electric current (that is, the electric current for flowing through bus pin 20) at place.In the first section I, voltage is in sky Not busy voltage, it is meant that without any activity.In the second section II, voltage (therefore pass through sense resistor R_senseElectric current) quilt Another device is promoted, to configure Current bus device 16 to from device or reception device.In section III, using graceful thorough Si Te coding receives data.After the data is transferred, voltage returns to its idle level in section IV.If Current bus device 16 It itself sends data and is therefore configured as master device, then sense resistor R_sensePass through sensing transistor 28 and bus pin 20 Separation, leads to sense resistor R_senseThe voltage at place is down to zero (as shown in the section V of Fig. 3).Finally, section VI shows return To idle level.

As can be seen that the above content allows safely to transmit data by single bus, wherein can provide it is reliable and The transmission of EMI robust.

Reference signs list

10 bus systems

12 SOC

14 data-interfaces

16 bus units

18 bus lines

20 bus pins

22 grounding pins

24 modulation transistors

26 power pins

28 sensing transistors

30 the oneth OpAmp

32 the 2nd OpAmp

34 decoders

36 send and receive pin

38 encoders

40 adders

42 read/write pins

44 phase inverters

46 safety diodes

R_senseSense resistor

R_highModulated resistance device

R_idleIdle resistor

V_refReference voltage

I is without activity

II is configured to from device

The transmission of III data

IV is back to the free time

V sends data as master device

VI is back to the free time