阅读说明：本技术 一种花生根结线虫诱杀剂及其制备方法 (A kind of peanut root-knot nematode attractant and preparation method thereof ) 是由 高宗军 李如美 李瑞娟 戴争 于 2019-08-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种花生根结线虫诱杀剂及其制备方法,利用可降解基质和复合发酵液制成,可降解基质是利用海藻酸钠与钙离子的交联作用,复合新鲜花生根超微粉、膨胀蛭石粉得到,可自然降解,并伴随降解缓慢释放其负载的新鲜花生根超微粉和复合发酵微生物,对花生根结线虫具有极强的诱捕作用,并起到杀灭作用,安全有效地防治花生根结线虫。(The present invention provides a kind of peanut root-knot nematode attractants and preparation method thereof, it is made using degradable matrix and composite fermentation liquid, degradable matrix is the crosslinked action using sodium alginate and calcium ion, compound fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder, expanded vermiculite powder obtain, it can natural degradation, and with degradation slow release its load fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder and composite fermentation microorganism, there is extremely strong trapping effect to peanut root-knot nematode, and killing effect is played, safely and effectively prevent and treat peanut root-knot nematode.)

1. a kind of preparation method of peanut root-knot nematode attractant, which is characterized in that be that degradable matrix is poured into composite fermentation In liquid, blowing air stirring, closed standing is dried to obtain；The degradable matrix is the crosslinking using sodium alginate and calcium ion Effect, compound fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder, expanded vermiculite powder obtain；The composite fermentation liquid be to fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder, In the mixture of brown sugar and water, bacillus cereus ACCC03288, Trichoderma harzianum ACCC30423, Verticillium dahliae is added ACCC36253, Lou Che Shi streptomycete ACCC41433 composite fermentation microbial inoculum, aerobic fermentation filter to obtain the final product.

2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder is such as Under: fresh excision peanut is taken advantage of when harvesting to non-illness peanut, is cut off from root, stays Roots of Peanut, Roots of Peanut is then cut into 2~ The small fourth of 3mm crushes the Roots of Peanut powder that 0.5~1mm of partial size is made followed by boulder crusher, is finally pulverized, obtained 10 μm of partial size fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powders below.

3. -2 described in any item preparation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that degradable matrix is poured into composite fermentation In liquid, with 20~22L/ minutes air velocity blowing airs, 1000~1200 revs/min were stirred 30~40 minutes, closed to stand 8 ~10 hours, room temperature in vacuo was 12~15 hours dry, obtained a kind of peanut root-knot nematode attractant；Degradable matrix with The mass ratio of composite fermentation liquid is 15~20:1.

4. preparation method according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the degradable matrix It is as follows: fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder, expanded vermiculite powder being added in sodium alginate soln, calcium chloride solution, cross-linking reaction are instilled 30~40 minutes, closed to stand 10~12 hours, washing obtains degradable matrix；Fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder, expanded vermiculite Powder, sodium alginate soln, calcium chloride solution mass ratio be 10:5~8:0.3~0.5:2~3, sodium alginate soln, calcium chloride The mass concentration of solution is followed successively by 2~3%, 2~3%.

5. the preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that when preparing composite fermentation liquid, mixture with it is compound The mass ratio of fermenting agent is 1:0.3~0.5.

6. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the condition of aerobic fermentation are as follows: air mass flow 1.2~ 1.4m³Air/(m³Fermentation liquid minute), 26~29 DEG C of temperature, pH is 6.5~7.5, and the time is 5~6 hours.

7. preparation method according to claim 1-6, which is characterized in that first by 40~50 DEG C of warm water of brown sugar It opens, cooled to room temperature, fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder is added, supersonic oscillations 20~30 minutes, it is super to obtain fresh Roots of Peanut The mixture of micro mist, brown sugar and water；Wherein, the mass ratio of fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder, brown sugar and water is 20~30:5~8: 100。

8. preparation method according to claim 1-7, which is characterized in that the preparation side of the composite fermentation microbial inoculum Method is as follows: first by bacillus cereus ACCC03288, Trichoderma harzianum ACCC30423, Verticillium dahliae ACCC36253, Lou Che Shi strepto- Bacterium ACCC41433 carries out activation culture respectively, is then mixed with volume ratio 1:0.6~0.7:0.4~0.8:1~1.2 to get institute State composite fermentation microbial inoculum.

9. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that activation culture to cell concentration is 10⁸~ 10¹⁰cfu·mL^-1。

10. a kind of peanut root-knot nematode attractant obtained using any one of claim 1~8 preparation method.

Technical field

The present invention relates to peanut cultivation technical fields, more particularly to a kind of peanut root-knot nematode attractant and its preparation side Method.

Background technique

Groundnut root knot nematode disease, be commonly called as ground jaundice, fall disease, short jaundice, Huang seedling disease etc., be a kind of worldwide disease, In Root-knot nematode falls ill in soil, and root-knot nematode, peanut and rhizosphere microorganism constitute a small ecosystem, show root knot line The generation of parasitosis and rhizosphere microorganism have very important relationship.

Groundnut root knot nematode disease mainly causes harm the underground part of plant, and overground part growth and development is caused because underground part is aggrieved not It is good.Seedling is killed, can express symptom after generally unearthed two weeks, plant atrophy is not grown, and inferior leads turn yellow, whole after the early flowering season Strain cauline leaf gradually turns yellow, and blade is small, and bottom leaf leaf margin is deeply worried, falls off ahead of time, blooms late, diseased plant is short and small, and watery like fertilizer deficiency, field is normal Occur in flakes at nest.A kind of soil disease of the root-knot nematode as stubbornness, the root nutrition for directly endangering peanut absorb.Peanut sense The absorption function of root is destroyed after being ill, the short and small jaundice of plant, dilute as a result less.The general underproduction 20%~30%, it is serious to subtract Produce 70% or more, or even total crop failure.

Since the germ plasm resource of root-knot nematode resistant is rare, so peanut root-knot nematode is also to rely on artificial control at present Intervene, is broadly divided into chemical pesticide control, physical control and biological control.Physical control is primarily used to the kind in processing greenhouse Son, seedbed and nursery stock, it may be necessary to which longer one section is stopped the canopy phase, is upset production plan, is influenced crop cycle, general not applicable In control in field nematode.It is of limited application, and control efficiency is general, some need special instrument and equipment, and increase is produced into This.Therefore it is currently being widely used or chemical prevention and biological control, and largely play killing effect merely, still shortage pair The trapping of peanut root-knot nematode acts on, and killing effect is limited.

Patent application CN106889116A discloses a kind of peanut root-knot nematode attractant, is with pumpkin seeds, cactus, mulberry The raw materials such as leaf, sowthistle tasselflower herb, white radishes, dried peppermint leaf, smallfruit fig leaf, kelp, the fruit of summer cypress, gleditsia sinensis, viola mandshurica, peanut vine are made, thin The included smell such as lotus leaf is larger, however it will affect the trapping effect to peanut root-knot nematode, moreover, each raw material cooperation desinsection is made It is especially long-term to kill to the killing effect of peanut root-knot nematode with limited, gradually forfeiture trapping effect over time The effect is unsatisfactory.

Summary of the invention

Present invention aim to provide a kind of peanut root-knot nematode attractant and preparation method thereof, to Roots of Peanut tie lines Worm has extremely strong trapping effect, and plays killing effect, safely and effectively prevents and treats peanut root-knot nematode.

To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following scheme:

A kind of preparation method of peanut root-knot nematode attractant, is to pour into degradable matrix in composite fermentation liquid, leads to sky Gas agitating, closed standing, is dried to obtain；The degradable matrix is the crosslinked action using sodium alginate and calcium ion, compound Fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder, expanded vermiculite powder obtain；The composite fermentation liquid is to fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder, brown sugar and water In mixture, bacillus cereus ACCC03288, Trichoderma harzianum ACCC30423, Verticillium dahliae ACCC36253, Lou Che Shi chain is added Mould ACCC41433 composite fermentation microbial inoculum, aerobic fermentation filter to obtain the final product.

Preferably, the fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder the preparation method is as follows: non-illness peanut take advantage of fresh pluck when harvesting It except peanut, is cut off from root, stays Roots of Peanut, then Roots of Peanut is cut into the small fourth of 2~3mm, crushed and make followed by boulder crusher It at the Roots of Peanut powder of 0.5~1mm of partial size, is finally pulverized, obtains 10 μm of partial size fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powders below.

It is further preferred that first Roots of Peanut powder is fitted into the explosion chamber of steam blasting equipment before ultramicro grinding, 1~ 2.5MPa pressure is discharged rapidly after being kept for 1~2 minute under the conditions of.

It is further preferred that being pulverized using airslide disintegrating mill, process conditions are as follows: stream pressure 1100kPa, Charging rate is 180r/min, and grade frequency 35Hz, grinding time is 60~80 minutes.

Preferably, degradable matrix is poured into composite fermentation liquid, with 20~22L/ minutes air velocity blowing airs, 1000~1200 revs/min are stirred 30~40 minutes, closed to stand 8~10 hours, and (25 DEG C) of room temperature vacuum drying 12~15 are small When, obtain a kind of peanut root-knot nematode attractant；The mass ratio of degradable matrix and composite fermentation liquid is 15~20:1.

Preferably, the degradable matrix the preparation method is as follows: by fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder, expanded vermiculite powder be added In sodium alginate soln, instillation calcium chloride solution, cross-linking reaction 30~40 minutes, closed to stand 10~12 hours, washing obtains To degradable matrix；Fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder, expanded vermiculite powder, sodium alginate soln, calcium chloride solution mass ratio be 10: 5~8:0.3~0.5:2~3, sodium alginate soln, calcium chloride solution mass concentration be followed successively by 2~3%, 2~3%.Washing Specific method be: deionized water wash 2~3 times.

Preferably, when preparing composite fermentation liquid, the mass ratio of mixture and composite fermentation microbial inoculum is 1:0.3~0.5.

Preferably, the condition of aerobic fermentation are as follows: 1.2~1.4m of air mass flow³Air/(m³Fermentation liquid minute), temperature 26 ~29 DEG C, pH is 6.5~7.5, and the time is 5~6 hours.

Preferably, first brown sugar is melted with 40~50 DEG C of warm water, fresh Roots of Peanut ultra micro is added in cooled to room temperature Powder supersonic oscillations 20~30 minutes, obtains the mixture of fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder, brown sugar and water；Wherein, fresh Roots of Peanut The mass ratio of Ultramicro-powder, brown sugar and water is 20~30:5~8:100.

Preferably, the composite fermentation microbial inoculum the preparation method is as follows: first by bacillus cereus ACCC03288, Ha Ci Trichoderma ACCC30423, Verticillium dahliae ACCC36253, Lou Che Shi streptomycete ACCC41433 carry out activation culture respectively, then with body Product is mixed than 1:0.6~0.7:0.4~0.8:1~1.2 to get the composite fermentation microbial inoculum.

It is further preferred that activation culture to cell concentration is 10⁸~10¹⁰cfu·mL^-1。

It is further preferred that the activation culture condition of bacillus cereus ACCC03288 are as follows: culture medium is matched with distilled water System, 200gL containing potato^-1, agar 18gL^-1, glucose 20gL^-1, through 121 DEG C of 20 minutes gained that sterilize, pH 6.8 ~7.2；Cultivation temperature is 28~30 DEG C.

It is further preferred that the activation culture condition of Trichoderma harzianum ACCC30423 are as follows: culture medium is prepared with distilled water, is contained Potato 200gL^-1, hydroxyl adenine 0.3gL^-1, alkene acyl adenine 0.3gL^-1, glucose 20gL^-1, sterilize through 121 DEG C 20 minutes gained, pH are 6.8~7.2；Cultivation temperature is 27~29 DEG C.

It is further preferred that the activation culture condition of Verticillium dahliae ACCC36253 are as follows: culture medium is prepared with distilled water, contains nitre Sour sodium 3gL^-1, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate pancreas 1gL^-1, magnesium sulfate 0.5gL^-1, potassium chloride 0.5gL^-1, ferrous sulfate 0.01g L^-1, sucrose 30gL^-1, agar 18gL^-1, through 121 DEG C of 20 minutes gained that sterilize, pH is 7~7.2；Cultivation temperature is 28~30 ℃。

It is further preferred that the activation culture condition of Lou Che Shi streptomycete ACCC41433 are as follows: culture medium is matched with distilled water System, 200gL containing potato^-1, hydroxyl adenine 0.3gL^-1, alkene acyl adenine 0.3gL^-1, glucose 20gL^-1, through 121 DEG C sterilizing 20 minutes gained, pH be 6.8~7.2；Cultivation temperature is 27~29 DEG C.

A kind of peanut root-knot nematode attractant obtained using above-mentioned preparation method.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) a kind of peanut root-knot nematode attractant is made using degradable matrix and composite fermentation liquid in the present invention, degradable Matrix is the crosslinked action using sodium alginate and calcium ion, and compound fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder, expanded vermiculite powder obtain, can be certainly So degradation, and with degradation slow release its load fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder and composite fermentation microorganism, to peanut root knot Nematode has extremely strong trapping effect, and plays killing effect, safely and effectively prevents and treats peanut root-knot nematode.

(2) sodium alginate, which encounters calcium ion, can occur rapidly ion exchange, realize gelation, form fresh Roots of Peanut ultra micro Powder and the evenly dispersed gel networks of expanded vermiculite powder, fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder are made of to utilize fresh Roots of Peanut, this Body has strong smell, is exaggerated the smell after ultra micro processing, is distributed in the gel networks, one side air stream Turn that the diffusion of smell is promoted further to strengthen smell on the other hand as the natural degradation of matrix slowly circulates into soil, from And play the role of extremely strong trapping to the root-knot nematode in soil, so that root-knot nematode concentrates on around attractant, and then multiple It is killed under the action of conjunction microorganism.The composite fermentation microorganism that the natural degradation of matrix loads it also functions to similar sustained release Effect effectively extends action time, plays the role of killing peanut root-knot nematode for a long time.

(3) composite fermentation object of the invention is by bacillus cereus ACCC03288, Trichoderma harzianum ACCC30423, wheel branch Bacterium ACCC36253, Lou Che Shi streptomycete ACCC41433 ferment in the water dispersion containing fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder to be obtained. Fermentation is so that composite fermentation object also has the smell of Roots of Peanut, to peanut in the water dispersion containing fresh Roots of Peanut Ultramicro-powder Root-knot nematode plays the role of extremely strong trapping.Trichoderma harzianum growth rapidly, can seize Roots of Peanut surface site, form a guarantor Shield, to protect Roots of Peanut infecting from Roots of Peanut nematode, bacillus cereus can resist extraneous injurious factor, Lou Che Shi The metabolite of streptomycete can play insecticidal action, and Verticillium dahliae can guide the parasitization to nematode, finally combine waxy Peanut root-knot nematode is killed in the effect of bacillus and Lou Che Shi streptomycete.

Specific embodiment

The technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common Technical staff's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects It encloses.