阅读说明：本技术 中心设有碳纤维芯轴弹簧坯料以及加工工装和加工工艺 (Center is equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank and processing tool and processing technology ) 是由 夏泽民 周涛 潘逸明 缪勤竹 于 2019-07-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种中心设有碳纤维芯轴弹簧坯料以及加工工装和加工工艺,所述弹簧坯料的截面呈圆形,在其中心设有预埋在弹簧材料内部的碳纤维芯轴。加工工装包括一端设置为锥形开口的陶瓷成型管,陶瓷成型管位于锥形开口的大端距开口端部位设有与陶瓷成型管同轴线的碳纤维线导引管,在碳纤维线导引管的另一开口端前方设有碳纤维线的放线盘,在陶瓷成型管的另一端设有弹簧坯料冷却机构和碳纤维线的牵引机构。加工工艺包括将工装中的碳纤维线的放线盘、碳纤维线导引管、陶瓷成型管、弹簧坯料冷却机构和碳纤维线的牵引机构依次安装在工作台上,将定量的融化弹簧钢钢水由陶瓷成型管锥形开口的金属液浇注口浇注到陶瓷成型管内。(The invention discloses a kind of centers to be equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank and processing tool and processing technology, and the section of the blank of spring is rounded, is equipped with the carbon fiber mandrel being embedded in inside spring material in its center.Processing tool includes the ceramic formed pipe that one end is set as tapered opening, the big end that ceramic formed pipe is located at tapered opening is equipped with the carbon fiber line guide wire with ceramic formed pipe coaxial line away from open end position, it is equipped with the draw drum of carbon fiber line in front of another open end of carbon fiber line guide wire, is equipped with the traction mechanism of blank of spring cooling body and carbon fiber line in the other end of ceramic formed pipe.Processing technology includes that the traction mechanism of the draw drum of the carbon fiber line in tooling, carbon fiber line guide wire, ceramic formed pipe, blank of spring cooling body and carbon fiber line is sequentially arranged on workbench, and quantitative thawing spring steel molten steel is poured into ceramic formed pipe by the pouring metal melt mouth of ceramic formed pipe tapered opening.)

1. a kind of center is equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank, the section of the blank of spring is rounded, which is characterized in that along circle The center of tee section is equipped with the carbon fiber mandrel being embedded in inside spring material.

2. center as described in claim 1 is equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank, which is characterized in that described to be embedded in spring base Carbon fiber mandrel inside material is a carbon fiber line, or is more carbon fiber lines.

3. center as claimed in claim 2 is equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank, which is characterized in that the more carbon fiber lines In torsion shape, twist collar number is 15~60 circles/rice.

4. center as claimed in claim 3 is equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank, which is characterized in that the blank of spring is round The diameter in section and the ratio of individual carbon fibers axle diameter are 10:1~5:1.

5. center as claimed in claim 4 is equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank, which is characterized in that the blank of spring package It is spring steel in the material of mandrel exterior.

6. a kind of center is equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank forming frock, which is characterized in that the tooling includes one end setting For by the small ceramic formed pipe to big tapered opening, ceramic formed pipe is located at the big end of tapered opening away from the open end portion 30~50mm Position is equipped with the carbon fiber line guide wire with ceramic formed pipe coaxial line, and an open end of carbon fiber line guide wire is formed towards ceramics The tapered opening big end of pipe is equipped with the draw drum of carbon fiber line, in ceramics in front of another open end of carbon fiber line guide wire The other end of formed pipe is equipped with the traction mechanism of blank of spring cooling body and carbon fiber line；It is additionally provided in the tooling for inciting somebody to action Carbon fiber line passes through carbon fiber line guide wire and ceramic formed pipe after being drawn by draw drum, carbon fiber line is clamped in carbon fiber line Traction mechanism on suture introducing needle.

7. center as claimed in claim 6 is equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank forming frock, which is characterized in that the ceramics The side that formed pipe is located at the big end of tapered opening is equipped with pouring metal melt mouth.

8. a kind of center is equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank processing technology, which is characterized in that the blank of spring processing technology It comprises the technical steps that:

S1, by the draw drum of the carbon fiber line in tooling described in claim 7, carbon fiber line guide wire, ceramic formed pipe, spring The traction mechanism of blank cooling body and carbon fiber line is sequentially arranged on workbench；

S2, one end that the end of carbon fiber line is fixed on to suture introducing needle in tooling described in claim 7, with the other end of suture introducing needle Carbon fiber line guide wire and ceramic formed pipe are sequentially passed through, then unloads one end of carbon fiber line by it by one end of suture introducing needle It is clamped on the traction mechanism of carbon fiber line；

S3, ceramic formed pipe tapered opening by quantitative thawing spring steel molten steel in the tooling as described in claim 7 big end Side pouring metal melt mouth is poured into ceramic formed pipe；

S4, when molten metal is stretched out by the other end of ceramic formed pipe, the blank of spring started described in claim 7 in tooling is cold But mechanism is quickly cooled down the molded molten metal stretched out outside ceramic formed pipe；

S5, while the starting of blank of spring cooling body, start the traction mechanism of carbon fiber line in tooling described in claim 7 Traction carbon fiber line moves along a straight line, and movement speed is identical by the other end stretching speed of ceramic formed pipe as molten metal；

S6, when melt spring steel molten steel all by ceramic formed pipe the other end stretching after, carbon fiber wire is cut；

S7, central clamp there is the formed spring blank of carbon fiber mandrel by unloading on workbench, by the dragger of carbon fiber line Structure resets, and is then clamped in the end of the carbon fiber line after cutting again on the traction mechanism of carbon fiber line and carries out next bullet The moulding by casting of spring blank.

9. center as claimed in claim 8 is equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank processing technology, which is characterized in that the work Platform is inclined to set, and tilt angle is 15 °~30 °.

10. center as claimed in claim 9 is equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank processing technology, which is characterized in that the bullet Spring blank cooling body includes the water spraying mechanism being connected in sequence by water tank, water pump, water pipe and spray head；Carbon fiber line dragger Mechanism includes from clamp, the nut connecting with clamp, the lead screw with nut thread, the driving motor that connect with screw rod, folder It is slidably matched between pincers and workbench by sliding block and sliding rail, driving motor is mounted in the rack of workbench.

Technical field

The present invention relates to spring processing technology fields, are particularly suitable for heavy-duty spring, and in particular to a kind of center is set There is the processing technology of the blank of spring of carbon fiber mandrel and the processing tool of blank of spring and blank of spring.

Background technique

In recent years, world energy sources crisis and petroleum price rise and environmental problem, an urgent demand heavy-duty machinery is towards light-weighted Direction is developed, structure lightened for target to realize usually using light material (or new material) substitution traditional material, further It improves fuel utilization ratio and has become one of hot spot of research.

Light material (or new material) includes high strength steel, aluminium, magnesium and titanium alloy, plastics and composite material etc.；With gold Belong to material compare, carbon fibre composite (such as carbon fibre reinforced plastic (hereinafter, referred to CFRP)) be lightweight, high rigidity, The advantages that high intensity, high antifatigue, good wear-resisting and antivibration absorbing, specific modulus are higher than 5 times of steel and aluminium alloy, than Intensity is higher than 3 times of steel and aluminium alloy, but specific gravity very little, the weight of per unit volume only have the 20% of steel.In addition, carbon fiber Tie up composite material corrosion resistance with higher and lower thermal expansivity, more more durable than steel and be not easy to get rusty, heavy equipment Manufacturer has energetically carried out attempting light-weight composite material being applied to heavy equipment internal material, shell, spring Deng.

It is only made of metal material (steel) winding however, conventional springs (i.e. helical spring) are most of, manufactures work Sequence is complex；And spring is mainly the physical property by metal material, its storage is realized by certain conversion regime It energy and releases energy, so that the spring with damping, pooling feature be made, and is applied to various mechanisms and industrial machine On the part of tool, such as (CN103573892 A) on engineering machinery, locomotive and aerospace field.To adapt to industry development Demand, only spring made of metal has been difficult to satisfy the use demand, and from design, selection, manufacture and inspection Metal spring has reached a bottleneck period.Therefore, coil type spring substitution is prepared only by metal spiral with carbon fibre composite Spring will become the trend of industry development.

Many researchers have attempted to manufacture coil type spring using CFRP.However, because CFRP vulnerable to compression stress or The influence of shear stress produces coil type spring by single carbon fibre tow and is difficult to generate enough tension to elastomer It provides bounce (103388642 A of CN).Separately have, the spring of carbon fibre composite production is faced with some challenges, such as elasticity It is poor, frangible, anisotropy is high, these characteristics substantially be not suitable for spring, the carbon fibre composite bullet that Cong Eryi is produced Spring deformation is small, and coefficient of elasticity is low, and bearing load is small.Therefore, the unique high-tensile of carbon fibre composite, design are utilized A kind of composite material spring of special construction can be only achieved big bearing capacity (2014/014481 A1 of WO；WO 02/099307 A1；US 2852424 A；US 4773633 A；US 8857801 B2；US 7857294 B2；US 5685525 A；US 4260143 A；CN 104690984 A；CN 103221199 A).Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop one kind can be realized mitigation weight Amount with excellent durability and replaces the carbon fibre composite helical spring of only helical spring made of metal Structure is most important.

The production method for the production fibre reinforced composites coil type spring currently mentioned is bad, operation difficulty is big, consumption It is time-consuming, it is desirable that equipment capital input is big, and waste of material is serious, and the carbon fibre composite component costs of production are high. (EP0637700B1；US 8490530B2；CN 1480658A；CN 1651795A；CN 1232931A；CN 101439580A)

In addition, existing manufacture fibre reinforced composites spring forming mold (2647481 A1 of EP；US 4434121A；US 5988612 A；US 4473217 A；US 6986203 B2；102909870 A of CN), design process is multiple Miscellaneous, mold opening cost is high, and die-filling and demoulding is difficult, and production efficiency is low.And during mold closure heating, due to carbon fiber It is uneven by resin infiltration and cause product surface or inside there are bubbles, cause surface irregularity.In process of production Since resin reaction generates internal stress, when no external force helps, internal stress can not be offset, and can be generated to the strength character of product Strong influence will have a direct impact on the service life of product.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to overcome defect existing in the prior art, it is simple, light-weight, strong to provide a kind of structure Spend blank of spring and bullet that a kind of center that height, long service life, corrosion resistance are strong, easy to process is equipped with carbon fiber mandrel The processing tool of spring blank and the processing technology of blank of spring.

To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is to design a kind of centers to be equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank, The section of the blank of spring is rounded, and the carbon fiber mandrel being embedded in inside spring material is equipped with along the center of circular cross-section.

In order to can also be convenient for the molding of helical spring, preferred technical side while improving spring tensile strength Case is, the carbon fiber mandrel being embedded in inside blank of spring is a carbon fiber line, or is more carbon fiber lines.

In order to make helical spring with higher in supporting role, and itself can be absorbed in spring movement Vibration, further preferred technical solution are that for the more carbon fiber lines in torsion shape, twist collar number is 15~60 circles/rice.

In order to enable spring is while mitigating weight, moreover it is possible to have enough intensity and rigidity, further preferred skill Art scheme is in addition, the diameter of the blank of spring circular cross-section and the ratio of individual carbon fibers axle diameter are 10:1~5:1.

In order to which the spring with carbon fiber mandrel is used in heavy engineering machinery, further preferred technical side Case is in addition, the material that the blank of spring is wrapped in mandrel exterior is spring steel.

In order to simple and fast, carbon fiber line is embedded in the center of spring steel at low cost, forms processing spiral bullet The blank of spring, the present invention also provides a kind of centers to be equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank forming frock, and the tooling includes One end is set as the ceramic formed pipe of ascending tapered opening, and ceramic formed pipe is located at the big end of tapered opening away from open end The position 30~50mm is equipped with the carbon fiber line guide wire with ceramic formed pipe coaxial line, an open end of carbon fiber line guide wire Towards the tapered opening big end of ceramic formed pipe, equipped with carbon fiber line in front of another open end of carbon fiber line guide wire Draw drum is equipped with the traction mechanism of blank of spring cooling body and carbon fiber line in the other end of ceramic formed pipe；The tooling In be additionally provided with for passing through carbon fiber line guide wire and ceramic formed pipe after drawing carbon fiber line by draw drum, by carbon fiber Line is clamped in the suture introducing needle on the traction mechanism of carbon fiber line.

In order to enable carbon fiber mandrel can be located at the centre of spring cladding, it is necessary to spring steel are melted into liquid, so The molten metal after thawing center is poured by sprue gate again afterwards to be prefabricated in the refractory ceramics formed pipe of carbon fiber wire, The length of pipeline is unsuitable too long, is detained to avoid the metal liquid in flow ipe, cannot be formed and smoothly be flowed, preferably Technical solution is that the side for the big end that the ceramics formed pipe is located at tapered opening is equipped with pouring metal melt mouth.

In order to simple and fast, carbon fiber line is embedded in the center of spring steel at low cost, forms processing spiral bullet The blank of spring, the present invention also provides a kind of centers to be equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank processing technology, the blank of spring Processing technology comprises the technical steps that:

S1, by the draw drum of the carbon fiber line in above-mentioned tooling, carbon fiber line guide wire, ceramic formed pipe, blank of spring The traction mechanism of cooling body and carbon fiber line is sequentially arranged on workbench；

S2, one end that the end of carbon fiber line is fixed on to suture introducing needle in above-mentioned tooling, successively with the other end of suture introducing needle Across carbon fiber line guide wire and ceramic formed pipe, one end of carbon fiber line is unloaded by one end of suture introducing needle then and is pressed from both sides It holds on the traction mechanism of carbon fiber line；

S3, ceramic formed pipe tapered opening by quantitative thawing spring steel molten steel in the tooling as described in claim 7 Big end side pouring metal melt mouth is poured into ceramic formed pipe；

S4, when molten metal by ceramic formed pipe the other end stretch out when, start the blank of spring cooler in above-mentioned tooling Structure is quickly cooled down the molded molten metal stretched out outside ceramic formed pipe；

S5, blank of spring cooling body starting while, start carbon fiber line in above-mentioned tooling traction mechanism traction Carbon fiber line moves along a straight line, and movement speed is identical by the other end stretching speed of ceramic formed pipe as molten metal；

S6, when melt spring steel molten steel all by ceramic formed pipe the other end stretching after, carbon fiber wire is cut；

S7, central clamp there is the formed spring blank of carbon fiber mandrel by unloading on workbench, by leading for carbon fiber line Draw reset, then the end of the carbon fiber line after cutting is clamped on the traction mechanism of carbon fiber line again and is carried out down The moulding by casting of a piece blank of spring.

In order to avoid the metal liquid in flow ipe is detained, be conducive to metal and be also capable of forming smoothly flow, preferably Technical solution be that the workbench is inclined to set, tilt angle be 15 °~30 °.

For the ease of the molten metal fast shaping flowed out by ceramic formed pipe, and also to avoid in flow ipe Metal liquid is detained, and is conducive to metal and is also capable of forming smoothly flow, further preferred technical solution is in addition, the bullet Spring blank cooling body includes the water spraying mechanism being connected in sequence by water tank, water pump, water pipe and spray head；Carbon fiber line traction Machine mechanism include from clamp, the nut being connect with clamp, with nut thread lead screw, connect with screw rod driving electricity Machine is slidably matched between clamp and workbench by sliding block and sliding rail, and driving motor is mounted in the rack of workbench.Carbon fiber The traction mechanism for tieing up line that is, can make it so that whole blank of spring from first to last keeps concentric with ceramics formed pipe Positioned at the center of spring cladding, while traction can also be played and flowed out the blank outside ceramic formed pipe and cooled down, Forward movement avoids the metal liquid in flow ipe from being detained, and is conducive to metal and is also capable of forming smoothly flow.

The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are: the processing tool and spring of the blank of spring and blank of spring The processing technology of blank have the weight that structure is simple, can reduce spring, the intensity for improving spring, extend spring use the longevity It orders, can be improved the corrosion resistance of spring and make spring easy to process.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that center of the present invention is equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring；

Fig. 2 is the overlooking structure diagram that center of the present invention is equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank processing tool.

In figure: 1, carbon fiber mandrel；2, spring；3, ceramic formed pipe；4, carbon fiber line guide wire；5, draw drum；6, bullet Spring blank cooling body；7, the traction mechanism of carbon fiber line；8, suture introducing needle；9, pouring metal melt mouth；10, workbench.

Specific embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, further description of the specific embodiments of the present invention.Following embodiment is only For clearly illustrating technical solution of the present invention, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, 2, the present invention is a kind of blank of the center equipped with 1 spring 2 of carbon fiber mandrel, the blank of spring Section it is rounded, be equipped with along the center of circular cross-section and be embedded in carbon fiber mandrel 1 inside spring material.

It is currently preferred in order to while improving spring tensile strength, can also be convenient for the molding of helical spring Embodiment is that the carbon fiber mandrel 1 being embedded in inside blank of spring can only have a carbon fiber line, is also possible to More carbon fiber lines, preferred technical solution are 5~10.

In order to make helical spring with higher in supporting role, and itself can be absorbed in spring movement Vibration, further preferred embodiment of the present invention are that for the more carbon fiber lines in torsion shape, twist collar number is 15~60 Circle/rice.

In order to enable spring is while mitigating weight, moreover it is possible to there is enough intensity and rigidity, the present invention is further excellent The embodiment of choosing is in addition, the diameter of the blank of spring circular cross-section and the ratio of individual carbon fibers axle diameter are 10:1 ~5:1, preferably 8:1.

In order to the spring with carbon fiber mandrel to be used in heavy engineering machinery, the present invention is further preferred Embodiment is in addition, the material that the blank of spring is wrapped in mandrel exterior is spring steel.

As shown in Fig. 2, carbon fiber line to be embedded in the center of spring steel at low cost in order to simple and fast, formed The blank for processing helical spring, the present invention also provides a kind of centers to be equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank forming frock, institute Stating tooling includes the ceramic formed pipe 3 that one end is set as ascending tapered opening, and ceramic formed pipe 3 is located at the big of tapered opening It holds away from the open end position 30 ~ 50mm equipped with the carbon fiber line guide wire 4 with ceramic 3 coaxial line of formed pipe, carbon fiber line guide wire 4 An open end towards the tapered opening big end of ceramic formed pipe 3, be equipped in front of another open end of carbon fiber line guide wire 4 The draw drum 5 of carbon fiber line is equipped with the traction of blank of spring cooling body 6 and carbon fiber line in the other end of ceramic formed pipe 3 Mechanism 7；It is additionally provided in the tooling for passing through carbon fiber line guide wire 4 and ceramics after drawing carbon fiber line by draw drum 5 Formed pipe 3, the suture introducing needle 8 carbon fiber line being clamped on the traction mechanism 7 of carbon fiber line.

In order to enable carbon fiber mandrel 1 can be located at the centre of spring cladding, it is necessary to spring steel is melted into liquid, Then the molten metal after thawing is poured into the refractory ceramics formed pipe 3 that center is prefabricated with carbon fiber wire by sprue gate 9 again In, the length of ceramic formed pipe is unsuitable too long, is detained to avoid the metal liquid in flow ipe, cannot be formed and smoothly be flowed Dynamic, the preferred embodiment of the invention is that the side for the big end that the ceramics formed pipe 3 is located at tapered opening is equipped with molten metal Sprue gate 9.

In order to simple and fast, carbon fiber line is embedded in the center of spring steel at low cost, forms processing spiral bullet The blank of spring 2, the present invention also provides a kind of centers to be equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank processing technology, the spring base Material processing technology comprises the technical steps that:

S1, by the draw drum 5 of the carbon fiber line in above-mentioned tooling, carbon fiber line guide wire 4, ceramic formed pipe 3, spring The traction mechanism 7 of blank cooling body 6 and carbon fiber line is sequentially arranged on workbench 10；

S2, one end that the end of carbon fiber line is fixed on to suture introducing needle 8 in above-mentioned tooling, with the other end of suture introducing needle 8 according to It is secondary to pass through carbon fiber line guide wire 4 and ceramic formed pipe 3, then by one end of carbon fiber line by one end of suture introducing needle 8 unload by It is clamped on the traction mechanism 7 of carbon fiber line；

S3, by quantitative thawing spring steel molten steel (molten steel required by a piece blank of spring of casting) by above-mentioned tooling The big end side pouring metal melt mouth 9 of 3 tapered opening of ceramic formed pipe be poured into ceramic formed pipe 3；

S4, when molten metal is stretched out by the other end of ceramic formed pipe 3, it is cooling to start blank of spring in above-mentioned tooling The molded molten metal that 6 pairs of mechanism is stretched out outside ceramic formed pipe 3 is quickly cooled down；

S5, blank of spring cooling body 7 start while, the traction mechanism 7 for starting carbon fiber line in above-mentioned tooling is led Draw carbon fiber line to move along a straight line, movement speed is identical by the other end stretching speed of ceramic formed pipe 3 as molten metal；

S6, when melt spring steel molten steel all by ceramic formed pipe 3 the other end stretching after, carbon fiber wire can be cut；

S7, central clamp there is the formed spring blank of carbon fiber mandrel 1 by unloading on workbench 10, by traction mechanism 7 It resets, the end of the carbon fiber line after cutting is clamped in again then and carries out pouring for next blank of spring on traction mechanism 7 Injection forming.

In order to avoid the metal liquid in flow ipe is detained, be conducive to metal and be also capable of forming smoothly flow, this hair Bright preferred embodiment is that the workbench 10 is inclined to set, and tilt angle is 15 °~30 °, preferably 18 °.

For the ease of the molten metal fast shaping flowed out by ceramic formed pipe, and also to avoid in flow ipe Metal liquid is detained, and is conducive to metal and is also capable of forming smoothly flow, further preferred embodiment of the present invention in addition, The blank of spring cooling body 6 includes the water spraying mechanism being connected in sequence by water tank, water pump, water pipe and spray head；Carbon fiber Line dragger mechanism 7 include from clamp, the nut being connect with clamp, with nut thread lead screw, connect with screw rod Driving motor is slidably matched between clamp and workbench by sliding block and sliding rail, and driving motor is mounted on the rack of workbench On.The traction mechanism 7 of carbon fiber line can so that whole blank of spring from first to last keeps concentric with ceramic formed pipe, Exactly be located at the center of spring cladding, at the same can also play traction flowed out it is outside ceramic formed pipe and cold But blank, forward movement avoid the metal liquid in flow ipe from being detained, and are conducive to metal and are also capable of forming smoothly flow It is dynamic.

Above-mentioned center is equipped with carbon fiber core axis spring blank after processing is completed, can carry out hot rolling or cold rolling to blank again, or Then blank of spring is placed in tagging in the sharp machine of stone roller, again by heating, then reusable heat in intermediate-frequency heating furnace again by forging and stamping processing Spring coiling machine carry out wind spring, again by quenching, quenching in glowing furnace it is cooling after again with tempering furnace tempering, pass through the first hydraulic press again It pushes 1 time, again polish the section of spring, then carrying out carrying out after Shot Blasting, shot-peening carrying out flaw detection, then again by the Two hydraulic presses push 3 times, finally the overall process of spring processing can be completed in spraying protective layer.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these are improved and profit Decorations also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.