阅读说明：本技术 一种用于研究高压环境激光焊接的无增压泵焊接实验装置 (It is a kind of for study hyperbaric environment laser welding without booster pump welding experimental device ) 是由 龙健 张林杰 张延斌 郭潜 张亮亮 殷咸青 张贵锋 张建勋 罗锡柱 于 2019-08-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于研究高压环境激光焊接的无增压泵焊接实验装置,试样固定于杠杆的一端,压电传感器与杠杆的另一端相接触,高压腔室的顶部设置有激光透射窗口,高压腔室的侧面设置有第一观察窗口及第二观察窗口,其中,高速摄影相机正对所述第一观察窗口,光谱仪正对第二观察窗口,压电传感器的输出端经电荷放大器与示波器相连接；透光石英玻璃片位于试样的上方,激光焊接头发出的激光穿过激光透射窗口及透光石英玻璃片照射到试样上；氩气瓶的出口经减压阀与高压腔室相连通,该装置能够研究不同环境压力下的激光焊接熔池行为、熔池动力学行为与环境压力的关联关系,且无需增压泵。(The invention discloses it is a kind of for study hyperbaric environment laser welding without booster pump welding experimental device, sample is fixed on one end of lever, piezoelectric transducer is in contact with the other end of lever, laser transmission window is provided at the top of high-pressure chamber, the side of high-pressure chamber is provided with the first watch window and the second watch window, wherein, first watch window described in high-speed photography camera face, the output end of the second watch window of spectrometer face, piezoelectric transducer is connected through charge amplifier with oscillograph；Light transmission quartz glass plate is located at the top of sample, and the laser that laser welding head issues passes through laser transmission window and light transmission quartz glass plate is irradiated on sample；The outlet of argon bottle is connected through pressure reducing valve with high-pressure chamber, which can study the incidence relation of laser weld pools behavior under varying environment pressure, molten bath dynamic behavior and environmental pressure, and be not necessarily to booster pump.)

1. it is a kind of for study hyperbaric environment laser welding without booster pump welding experimental device, which is characterized in that including connection Bar, argon bottle (8), laser welding head (1), pressure reducing valve (7), high-speed photography camera (9), spectrometer (10), charge amplifier (12), oscillograph (13), high-pressure chamber (3) and the piezoelectric transducer (11) being set in high-pressure chamber (3), lever (5) and Light transmission quartz glass plate (18)；

One end of connecting rod is fixed on the inner wall of high-pressure chamber (3), and piezoelectric transducer (11) is set to the other end of connecting rod On, sample is fixed on one end of lever (5), and piezoelectric transducer (11) is in contact with the other end of lever (5), high-pressure chamber (3) Top be provided with laser transmission window (2), the side of high-pressure chamber (3) be provided with the first watch window (41) and second observation Window (42), wherein the first watch window (41) described in high-speed photography camera (9) face, spectrometer (10) face second are observed The output end of window (42), piezoelectric transducer (11) is connected through charge amplifier (12) with oscillograph (13)；

Light transmission quartz glass plate (18) is located at the top of sample, and the laser that laser welding head (1) issues passes through laser transmission window (2) and light transmission quartz glass plate (18) is irradiated on sample；

The outlet of argon bottle (8) is connected through pressure reducing valve (7) with high-pressure chamber (3).

2. it is according to claim 1 for study hyperbaric environment laser welding without booster pump welding experimental device, it is special Sign is, transparent glass slot (20) and seal groove (19) are provided at the top of high-pressure chamber (3), wherein transparent glass slot (20), Seal groove (19) and laser transmission window (2) are sequentially distributed from inside to outside, and the bottom setting of cover board (14) is fluted, and plated film is high-purity The downside of quartz glass (16) is located in the transparent glass slot (20), and the upside of plated film pure quartz glass (16) is located at described In groove, be embedded on the downside of the first rubber seal (17) in the seal groove (19), the first rubber seal (17) it is upper Side is in contact with the bottom surface of plated film pure quartz glass (16), is arranged between plated film pure quartz glass (16) and the bottom of groove There are the second rubber seal (15).

3. it is according to claim 1 for study hyperbaric environment laser welding without booster pump welding experimental device, it is special Sign is that the side of high-pressure chamber (3) is provided with the gas outlet with counterbalance valve (6).

4. it is according to claim 1 for study hyperbaric environment laser welding without booster pump welding experimental device, it is special Sign is, optical filtering (24) are provided between high-speed photography camera (9) and the first watch window (41).

5. it is according to claim 1 for study hyperbaric environment laser welding without booster pump welding experimental device, it is special Sign is, sensitivity>=0.2mv/N of piezoelectric transducer (11), the response time<10ms.

6. it is according to claim 1 for study hyperbaric environment laser welding without booster pump welding experimental device, it is special Sign is that plated film pure quartz glass (16) is more than or equal to 95% to the transmissivity of 1070nm optical-fiber laser.

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of laser welding, be related to it is a kind of for study hyperbaric environment laser welding without booster pump Welding experimental device.

Background technique

Laser Deep Penetration Welding has many advantages, such as that heat input is low, heating zone is small, precision is high and high-efficient, most widely used red Outer laser can also be transmitted at a distance with flexible optical fibre, therefore in the device of the industries such as novel type of nuclear fuel rod welding, nuclear power and electronics The fields such as the encapsulation of part internal high-pressure gas, Underwater Welding (depth of water is every to increase by 100 meters, then pressure increases 1MPa) obtain increasingly wider Research hyperbaric environment laser welding physical mechanism and exploitation the relevant technologies are badly in need of in general application.

Hyperbaric chamber provides required hyperbaric environment to carry out hyperbaric environment soldering test.Traditional hyperbaric environment soldering test Using arc-welding heat sources such as TIG weldering, MIG welderings, plumb joint is mounted in hyperbaric chamber, increasing for pressure is beaten by booster pump in cabin Pressure is to realize, hyperbaric chamber volume is big, foreign gas residual is more in cabin, operating efficiency is low.

The plurality of advantages of Laser Deep Penetration Welding is from its substantive characteristics: " aperture (keyhole) " phenomenon, and metal is strong Kickback pressure caused by evaporating is the key driving force to form " aperture ".It is well known that environmental pressure will affect the evaporation of material Behavior, therefore the laser welding kickback pressure studied under varying environment pressure is necessary.It is pressed currently, recoiling about laser welding The research of power is mainly carried out by theoretical calculation.

It can be when laser beam heats overlying regions form plasma, and laser beam passes through plasma one in laser welding Shunt excitation light energy can be by plasma absorption, while when laser beam passes through plasma also occurs that refraction and scattering cause to reach The laser energy density of workpiece surface declines.Under hyperbaric environment after plasma compression, internal electron and ion concentration are with pressure Power increases and increases, and plasma also increases with it on the screen effect of laser energy and influence welding efficiency and welding quality, Therefore the laser welding plasma under research varying environment pressure is necessary.At present about ambient pressure variations to Laser Welding The research that plasma influences focuses primarily upon environmental pressure and reduces the condition (lower than standard atmospheric pressure, i.e. negative pressure or vacuum condition) Under laser welding.

Laser weld pools behavior directly determines welding defect, seam organization etc., and metal steam relevant to environmental pressure Hair kickback pressure is the flowing of driving molten bath, influences an important factor for heat transfer and weld pool stability, therefore studies varying environment pressure Under laser weld pools behavior, understand that the incidence relation of molten bath dynamic behavior and environmental pressure is necessary, to welding matter Amount regulation has directive significance.However since welding pool is located at, inside workpiece, welding section size be small, there is strong light high temperature in welding section Deng strong interference, hydrodynamics method means are mainly passed through to the research of bath behavior at present and are carried out.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of for studying hyperbaric environment laser Welding without booster pump welding experimental device, which can study laser weld pools behavior under varying environment pressure, molten The incidence relation of pond dynamic behavior and environmental pressure, and it is not necessarily to booster pump.

In order to achieve the above objectives, it is of the present invention for study hyperbaric environment laser welding without booster pump Welding experiment Device includes connecting rod, argon bottle, laser welding head, pressure reducing valve, high-speed photography camera, spectrometer, charge amplifier, oscillography Device, high-pressure chamber and it is set to the indoor piezoelectric transducer of high pressure chest, lever and light transmission quartz glass plate；

One end of connecting rod is fixed on the inner wall of high-pressure chamber, and piezoelectric transducer is set on the other end of connecting rod, Sample is fixed on one end of lever, and piezoelectric transducer is in contact with the other end of lever, and laser is provided at the top of high-pressure chamber Transmission window, the side of high-pressure chamber are provided with the first watch window and the second watch window, wherein high-speed photography camera face First watch window, the second watch window of spectrometer face, the output end of piezoelectric transducer is through charge amplifier and oscillography Device is connected；

Light transmission quartz glass plate is located at the top of sample, and the laser that laser welding head issues is across laser transmission window and thoroughly Light quartz glass plate is irradiated on sample；

The outlet of argon bottle is connected through pressure reducing valve with high-pressure chamber.

Transparent glass slot and seal groove are provided at the top of high-pressure chamber, wherein transparent glass slot, seal groove and laser are saturating It penetrates window to be sequentially distributed from inside to outside, the bottom setting of cover board is fluted, and the downside of plated film pure quartz glass is located at described In light glass guide channel, the upside of plated film pure quartz glass is located in the groove, and institute is embedded on the downside of the first rubber seal It states in seal groove, the upside of the first rubber seal is in contact with the bottom surface of plated film pure quartz glass, plated film high purity quartz glass The second rubber seal is provided between glass and the bottom of groove.

The side of high-pressure chamber is provided with the gas outlet with counterbalance valve.

Optical filtering is provided between high-speed photography camera and the first watch window.

Sensitivity>=0.2mv/N of piezoelectric transducer, response time<10ms.

Plated film pure quartz glass is more than or equal to 95% to the transmissivity of 1070nm optical-fiber laser.

The invention has the following advantages:

It is of the present invention for study hyperbaric environment laser welding without booster pump welding experimental device in concrete operations When, the outlet of argon bottle is connected through pressure reducing valve with high-pressure chamber, by the switch of argon bottle, to adjust the gas of high-pressure chamber Pressure, to avoid using booster pump, the indoor pressure regulation spectrum of high pressure chest is 0.1MPa-12MPa, and can realize stepless-adjustment Section realizes that high pressure laser welding metal evaporates the measurement of kickback pressure by piezoelectric transducer and oscillograph in the welding process, Light transmission quartz glass plate is located at the top of sample simultaneously, in practical operation, by adjusting the height of light transmission quartz glass plate, with The nano-metal particle generated in laser beam welding at workpiece surface vertical direction different height is collected and surveyed, light beam can be distinguished Nano-metal particle inside and outside path.In addition, passing through laser and metal in spectrometer and high-speed photography phase machine testing welding process Interact between material generation plasma size and spectral signal, with reach research varying environment pressure under laser The purpose of the incidence relation of welding pool behavior, molten bath dynamic behavior and environmental pressure.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of laser transmission window 2；

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of sample in the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that plated film light transmission quartz plate collects 23 line of welding process nano-metal particle；

Fig. 5 is influence diagram of the environmental pressure to 304 stainless steel pulse laser welding seam centers；

Fig. 6 is environmental pressure to the inside and outside nano-metal particle 23 of beam path during 304 stainless steel pulsed laser weldings The influence diagram of quantity；

Fig. 7 is influence diagram of the environmental pressure to quasi-steady state plasma plume in 304 stainless steel pulsed laser weldings；

Fig. 8 is influence diagram of the environmental pressure to plasma spectrometry during 304 stainless steel pulse laser weldings；

Fig. 9 is the influence diagram that environmental pressure develops sample pulse Laser Welding Molten Pool Shape.

Wherein, 1 it is laser welding head, 2 be laser transmission window, 3 be high-pressure chamber, 41 be the first watch window, 42 is Second watch window, 5 be lever, 6 be counterbalance valve, 7 be pressure reducing valve, 8 be argon bottle, 9 be high-speed photography camera, 10 be spectrum Instrument, 11 be piezoelectric transducer, 12 be charge amplifier, 13 be oscillograph, 14 be cover board, 15 be the second rubber seal, 16 be Plated film pure quartz glass, 17 be the first rubber seal, 18 be light transmission quartz glass plate, 19 be seal groove, 20 be light transmission glass Glass slot, 21 be stainless steel sample, 22 be pyroceram, 23 be nano-metal particle, 24 be optical filtering.

Specific embodiment

The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:

It is of the present invention for studying filling without booster pump Welding experiment for hyperbaric environment laser welding referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 4 Set including connecting rod, argon bottle 8, laser welding head 1, pressure reducing valve 7, high-speed photography camera 9, spectrometer 10, charge amplifier 12, Oscillograph 13, high-pressure chamber 3 and the piezoelectric transducer 11 being set in high-pressure chamber 3, lever 5 and light transmission quartz glass plate 18；One end of connecting rod is fixed on the inner wall of high-pressure chamber 3, and piezoelectric transducer 11 is set on the other end of connecting rod, examination Sample is fixed on one end of lever 5, and piezoelectric transducer 11 is in contact with the other end of lever 5, and the top of high-pressure chamber 3 is provided with sharp Light-transmissive window 2, the side of high-pressure chamber 3 are provided with the first watch window 41 and the second watch window 42, wherein high-speed photography First watch window 41 described in 9 face of camera, 10 the second watch window of face 42 of spectrometer, the output end warp of piezoelectric transducer 11 Charge amplifier 12 is connected with oscillograph 13；Light transmission quartz glass plate 18 is located at the top of sample, what laser welding head 1 issued Laser passes through laser transmission window 2 and light transmission quartz glass plate 18 is irradiated on sample；The outlet of argon bottle 8 through pressure reducing valve 7 with High-pressure chamber 3 is connected.

The top of high-pressure chamber 3 is provided with transparent glass slot 20 and seal groove 19, wherein transparent glass slot 20, seal groove 19 and laser transmission window 2 be sequentially distributed from inside to outside, the setting of the bottom of cover board 14 is fluted, plated film pure quartz glass 16 Downside is located in the transparent glass slot 20, and the upside of plated film pure quartz glass 16 is located in the groove, and the first rubber is close The downside of seal 17 is embedded in the seal groove 19, upside and the plated film pure quartz glass 16 of the first rubber seal 17 Bottom surface is in contact, and the second rubber seal 15 is provided between plated film pure quartz glass 16 and the bottom of groove.

The side of high-pressure chamber 3 is provided with the gas outlet with counterbalance valve 6；High-speed photography camera 9 and the first watch window Optical filtering 24 is provided between 41.

Sensitivity>=0.2mv/N of piezoelectric transducer 11, response time<10ms；Plated film pure quartz glass 16 is right The transmissivity of 1070nm optical-fiber laser is more than or equal to 95%.

Specific operation process of the invention are as follows:

Sample is made of stainless steel sample 21 and pyroceram 22, and stainless steel sample 21 connects with pyroceram 22 Touching, sample in actual welding, is first polished, then wiped with alcohol, sample is then placed in high-pressure chamber 3 It is interior, light transmission quartz glass plate 18 is placed in the top of sample, by the center of the spot center of laser welding head 1 and sample weight It closes, recycles plated film pure quartz glass 16 to be sealed laser transmission window 2, while by the first watch window 41 and second Watch window 42 is sealed, and closes counterbalance valve 6, opens argon bottle 8 and pressure reducing valve 7, opens counterbalance valve 6 after waiting 30s, then Counterbalance valve 6 is adjusted after waiting 30s and then pressure reducing valve 7 closes so that the internal pressure of high-pressure chamber 3 reaches required environmental pressure Close argon bottle 8 and counterbalance valve 6；

High-speed photography camera 9, spectrometer 10 and oscillograph 13 are opened, and the registration of oscillograph 13 is reset, by laser beam Spot center be located at stainless steel sample 21 and the contact interface of pyroceram 22 and welded；Increase optical filtering 24, leads to It crosses high speed photographic camera 9 to be shot, the temperature of electron density and sample is detected by spectrometer 10, while passing through piezoelectric sensing Device 11 and oscillograph 13 observe laser beam to the impact force of sample, collect the nanometer that sample issues by light transmission quartz glass plate 18 Metallic particles 23；

After the completion of sample welding, then counterbalance valve 6 is opened, the environmental pressure of release gas to high-pressure chamber 3 reaches normal pressure, Then sample is taken out.