阅读说明：本技术 汽车用串联磁路混合励磁发电机 (Automobile series circuit hybrid excitation generator ) 是由 马建伟 于 2019-08-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种汽车用串联磁路混合励磁发电机,包括前端盖、后端盖和混合励磁转子,所述后端盖上安装稳压控制器,所述前端盖和后端盖之间固定安装定子总成,所述定子总成包括定子铁芯和电枢绕组,所述电枢绕组均匀的嵌合于所述定子铁芯的凹槽内,所述混合励磁转子包括一固定磁轭、固旋转爪极、励磁绕组和环形永磁体,所述固定磁轭为圆柱形结构并且所述固定磁轭的中间部位设置环形凹槽,所述励磁绕组按圆周方向缠绕在所述环形凹槽内,所述励磁绕组与稳压控制器连接。本发明能够通过调节电流大小和方向,从而控制合成磁场的大小,实现稳压输出,结构简单,减少了励磁所需电能的消耗。(The present invention relates to a kind of automobile series circuit hybrid excitation generators, including drive end bearing bracket, rear end cap and rotor with hybrid excitation, voltage-stabilizing controller is installed on the rear end cap, field frame assembly is fixedly mounted between the drive end bearing bracket and rear end cap, the field frame assembly includes stator core and armature winding, the armature winding is uniformly embedded in the groove of the stator core, the rotor with hybrid excitation includes a fixed magnetic yoke, admittedly rotating pawl pole, excitation winding and annular permanent magnet, the fixed magnetic yoke is the intermediate position setting annular groove of cylindrical structure and the fixed magnetic yoke, the excitation winding is wrapped in the annular groove by circumferencial direction, the excitation winding is connect with voltage-stabilizing controller.The present invention, to control the size of resultant magnetic field, can realize pressure stabilizing output, structure is simple, reduces the consumption of electric energy needed for excitation by adjusting size of current and direction.)

1. a kind of automobile series circuit hybrid excitation generator, including drive end bearing bracket, rear end cap and rotor with hybrid excitation, after described Voltage-stabilizing controller is installed on end cap, field frame assembly is fixedly mounted between the drive end bearing bracket and rear end cap, the field frame assembly includes Stator core and armature winding, the armature winding are uniformly embedded in the groove of the stator core, the composite excitation Rotor include one end be fixed on the rear end cap fixation magnetic yoke, be fixed in shaft rotation pawl pole, be wrapped in it is described solid Determine the excitation winding and annular permanent magnet in magnetic yoke, it is characterised in that: the fixed magnetic yoke is cylindrical structure and described solid Determine the intermediate position setting annular groove of magnetic yoke, the excitation winding is wrapped in the annular groove by circumferencial direction, described The both ends of excitation winding are pierced by out of the fixed magnetic yoke rear end two axial holes, two be then passed through on the rear end cap Hole, the voltage-stabilizing controller being connected on rear end cap.

2. automobile series circuit hybrid excitation generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the annular is forever Magnet uses axial charging, and two end faces of the annular permanent magnet are respectively the pole N and the pole S, and the annular permanent magnet is embedded in institute State setting in the annular groove on the front end face of fixed magnetic yoke.

3. automobile series circuit hybrid excitation generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the annular is forever It is fixed between magnet and the fixed magnetic yoke contact surface using epoxy resin glue.

4. automobile series circuit hybrid excitation generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fixed magnetic The depth of the annular groove of yoke front end is identical as the thickness of the annular permanent magnet.

5. automobile series circuit hybrid excitation generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fixed magnetic Axially and radially air gap between yoke and rotation pawl pole is 0.5mm.

6. automobile series circuit hybrid excitation generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rotary pawl Pole includes preceding pawl pole and rear pawl pole, and the preceding pawl pole and rear pawl pole are alternately arranged, the gap copper between pawl pole adjacent to each other Weldering welding.

Technical field

The invention belongs to new engine technical fields, and in particular to a kind of automobile series circuit composite excitation power generation Machine.

Background technique

Currently, the generator that automobile uses mainly has a silicon rectification generator and two kinds of permanent magnet generator, silicon rectification generator, Magnetic field is generated by the exciting current of electrical excitation winding, is converted to by the electric energy only a small part of excitation winding for sending out The magnetic energy of electricity, utilization rate of electrical is low, and the consumption of electric energy is big；The excitation winding of rotor easily occurs failures, such gesture such as burning, break Vehicle maintenance cost must be increased.In addition, there is also following problems for silicon rectification generator, and in congested in traffic city, vehicle Open unhappy, rated value is not achieved in generator output voltage and output power, in this way, generator can neither fill for battery Electricity, also powerless to ignition system and other power supply for electrical equipment, electric energy required for entire automobile can only be provided by battery, It causes and needs to frequently replace battery, increase charging times, shorten the service life of battery.And often in automobile Traveling on the way, because the electric power of battery is insufficient, causes roadside breakdown, brings many troubles.Another kind is permanent magnet generator, Magneto alternator eliminates excitation winding, also just eliminates the collector ring and brush of the problem of being easy to appear, becomes nothing and brushes hair Motor.Thus have structure simple, the advantages that small is lost in reliable for operation, small in size, light weight.Although magneto alternator Has many advantages, such as above-mentioned and broad application prospect, but from the point of view of current practical situations, there are still one for its application Fixed limitation can't widely be promoted and applied on automobile.Magneto alternator generates magnetic field by permanent magnet, because This cannot adjust output voltage by adjusting the size of excitation field, relatively be successfully used in the steady of permanent magnet generator at present Pressure method is controlled rectification voltage stabilizing technique, which preferably resolves the pressure stabilizing problem of 1KW permanent magnet generator below, and Structure is simple, at low cost, reliable for operation；But it is relatively difficult for the high-power generator pressure stabilizing of 1KW or more, therefore, permanent magnetism hair Motor is mainly adapted to the case where middle low power.If generator power is excessive, pressure stabilizing increased costs.

Hybrid excitation generator is the generator of a kind of permanent magnetism and electrical excitation combination, the mechanical, electrical power electronic technology of current collection, green wood In one, performance indicator significantly improves the technologies such as material.Hybrid excitation generator had both had the good adjustment of silicon rectification generator special Property, and have the advantages that the high power density, high efficiency, high reliability of permanent magnet generator.It can adapt to revolving speed and be supported on width Variation in wide range, moreover it is possible to guarantee that output voltage is constant.

At present composite excitation structure mainly have parallel circuits formula hybrid excitation generator, Lundell hybrid excitation generator, Magnetic field coupling-type hybrid excitation generator.Wherein, parallel circuits formula hybrid excitation generator is turned using p-m rotor and electrical excitation Sub two rotor arranged in parallel because causing rotor structure relative complex which employs two rotors, manufacturing cost compared with Height, in addition, two rotor arranged in parallel will cause the increase of rotor axial size, so that stator width also will increase, it is final to increase The volume of generator.Lundell hybrid excitation generator rotor must paste magnet steel between each pair of pawl pole, and manufacturing process is complex, Assembly precision is more demanding, is hardly formed large-scale industrialization, and the utilization efficiency of permanent magnet is very low, in addition, in high speed rotation When permanent magnet be easy to fall off, therefore, generator is easy to happen failure.Permanent magnetic field and the mode of electricity excitation magnetic field coupling carry out Flux control, electric generator structure are more complicated.The two sides of the horizontal magnetic pole of motor electrical excitation part are all length compared with small air gap, are added Work and assembly precision requirement are very high, and this obviously increases assembly man-hour and manufacturing cost.Horizontal magnetic pole and vertical pole simultaneously Access is provided for electro-magnetic flux, needs biggish magnetic conductive area, reduces the power density of motor.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the inherent shortcoming of silicon rectification generator and permanent magnet generator, the present invention provides one kind to have both permanent magnetism hair Motor high efficiency saves that excitation power consumption, failure rate be low and the automobile of the good voltage regulation performance of silicon rectification generator Series circuit hybrid excitation generator, concrete scheme are as follows:

The present invention provides a kind of automobile series circuit hybrid excitation generators, including drive end bearing bracket, rear end cap and mixing Excitation rotor installs voltage-stabilizing controller on the rear end cap, field frame assembly, institute is fixedly mounted between the drive end bearing bracket and rear end cap Stating field frame assembly includes stator core and armature winding, and the armature winding is uniformly embedded in the groove of the stator core Interior, the rotor with hybrid excitation includes the fixation magnetic yoke that one end is fixed on the rear end cap, the rotary pawl being fixed in shaft Pole, the excitation winding being wrapped in the fixed magnetic yoke and annular permanent magnet, wherein the fixed magnetic yoke be cylindrical structure simultaneously And annular groove is arranged in the intermediate position of the fixed magnetic yoke, the excitation winding is wrapped in the annular groove by circumferencial direction Interior, the both ends of the excitation winding are pierced by out of the fixed magnetic yoke rear end two axial holes, are then passed through on the rear end cap Two holes, the voltage-stabilizing controller being connected on rear end cap.

In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the annular permanent magnet, which uses, has high remanent magnetism, high-coercive force, high magnetic energy Product, high performance price ratio rare-earth Nd-Fe-B material, the annular permanent magnet use axial charging, the two of the annular permanent magnet A end face is respectively the pole N and the pole S, is set in the annular groove that the annular permanent magnet is embedded on the front end face of the fixed magnetic yoke It sets.

In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the annular permanent magnet covered in order to prevent in shaft is produced by steel shafts Raw axial direction leakage field, the nested annular magnetic shield between annular permanent magnet and fixed magnetic yoke, the magnetic shield, using light weight and Non-magnetic aluminum alloy materials, and the consistency of thickness of the thickness of magnetic shield and annular permanent magnet.

In any of the above-described scheme preferably, ring is used between the annular permanent magnet and the fixed magnetic yoke contact surface Oxygen resin glue is fixed.

It is preferably in any of the above-described scheme, the depth of the annular groove of the fixed magnetic yoke front end and the annular are forever The thickness of magnet is identical.

In any of the above-described scheme preferably, there are three threaded hole, three bolts are worn for the fixed magnetic yoke rear end processing Later the upper corresponding hole of end cap is screwed into three threaded holes of fixed magnetic yoke rear end, and fixed magnetic yoke is fixed to the rear end cap On.

In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the fixed magnetic yoke covers the cylindrical magnetic yoke in the inside of rotation pawl pole On, radial clearance is 0.5mm between fixed magnetic yoke and cylindrical magnetic yoke, between the axial direction between fixed magnetic yoke and rotation pawl pole inner face Gap is 0.5mm, has both guaranteed fixed magnetic yoke and has rotated the relative rotation of pawl pole bracket, has also reduced air-gap reluctance.

In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the axially and radially air gap between the fixed magnetic yoke and rotation pawl pole is 0.5mm。

In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the rotation pawl pole includes preceding pawl pole and rear pawl pole, preceding pawl pole and rear solid end Pole is alternately arranged, and the gap between pawl pole adjacent to each other is welded with brazing, specifically, the preceding pawl pole and rear pawl pole are divided into 6 Pawl, is uniformly distributed, interlaced with each other, is welded between fore paw and rear solid end branch with brazing, by preceding pawl pole and rear pawl pole be fixed into one it is whole Body, wherein the preceding pawl pole hole machined spline is corresponded with the spline in shaft, adopted between the preceding pawl pole and shaft The two is fixed with interference fit.

In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the rotor with hybrid excitation and stator core inner circle are coaxial, are mounted on mixed In the inner hole for closing stator core, the gap of rotor with hybrid excitation and stator core is 0.5mm.

In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the stator core is formed by stacking again with a thickness of the silicon steel sheet of 0.7mm, outside Circumference argon arc welding welds three weld seams along axial, is spaced 120 ° between three weld seams, 36 are circumferentially uniformly gone out on silicon steel sheet A peariform slot, the armature winding use three-phase symmetric winding, are uniformly embedded into the peariform slot of stator core, three-phase is around thick Using star connection.

In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the drive end bearing bracket and rear end cap are cast with aluminium, drive end bearing bracket and rear end It covers and is evenly distributed with 6 holes respectively, tightened with 6 bolts, generator is fixed into an entirety.

In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the shaft stretches out front end cover, is cased with belt pulley and fan, fan It is provided with keyway with belt pulley inner hole, is fixed between fan and belt pulley and shaft by the shaft shoulder and woodruff key, the outermost end of shaft There is screw thread, nut is threaded into, fan and belt pulley are compressed.

In any of the above-described scheme preferably, shaft and drive end bearing bracket between shaft and rear end cap, are equipped with bearing, guarantee Shaft rotates freely inside drive end bearing bracket and rear end cap.

When the invention works, when low speed, low-load or under high revolving speed, high load condition, by the magnetic field of permanent magnet generation Excitation power generation, provides electric energy for the equipment of automobile；Under the slow-speed of revolution, high load condition, the logical positive electricity of excitation winding is resulted from forever Magnets magnetic fields magnetic field in the same direction, two magnetic fields are superimposed in the same direction, and resultant magnetic field increases in air gap, in the case of high revolving speed, low-load, excitation The logical reversed electricity of winding generates and the field-reversed magnetic field of permanent magnet magnetic, two reverse magnetic field superpositions, and resultant magnetic field reduces in air gap.

The course of work of the invention are as follows: when generator is in low speed, low-load or when high revolving speed, high load operating, encourage The obstructed overexcitation electric current of magnetic winding, the magnetomotive force that excitation winding generates are 0, annular magnetic permanent magnet independent excitation.The magnetic line of force at this time Mainly are as follows: the pole annular permanent magnet N → fixation magnetic yoke → air gap delta 1 → rear pawl pole → 2 → stator core of air gap delta → air gap delta 2 → preceding Pawl pole → air gap delta 3 → encourage the pole annular permanent magnet S (air gap delta 1 is the air gap of fixed magnetic yoke Yu rear solid end interpolar, air gap delta 2 be stator with Air gap between rotor, air gap delta 3 are the air gaps between preceding pawl pole and rotor rim), form closed magnetic circuit.Generator amature rotation When, armature winding only induces permanent magnet excitation counter electromotive force power generation operation.

When generator is in the slow-speed of revolution, high load, excitation winding leads to forward current, and the magnetomotive force that excitation winding generates is If*n (If is exciting current, and n is excitation winding the number of turns), the magnetic circuit of electricity excitation magnetic field and permanent magnet is equal are as follows: and the pole magnet exciting coil N → Fix magnetic yoke → air gap delta 1 → rear pawl pole → 2 → stator core of air gap delta → air gap delta 2 → preceding pawl pole → air gap delta 3 → fixation magnetic yoke The pole → magnet exciting coil S, forms closed magnetic circuit, and useful flux ф=ф 1+ ф 2 in air gap at this time, ф 1 are electrical excitation winding production Raw magnetic flux, ф 2 be annular permanent magnet generate magnetic flux, two class magnetic field collective effects in same magnetic circuit and direction it is identical, therefore The magnetic structure has the function of that series connection increases magnetic, and it is obvious that excitation winding increases magnetic effect.

When generator is in high revolving speed, low-load, excitation winding leads to reverse current, magnetomotive force that excitation winding generates and The magnetomotive force that permanent magnet generates still is same magnetic circuit, but the magnetomotive force of two class magnetic circuits is contrary, acts in air gap at this time Useful flux be ф=ф 2- ф 1, ф 1 be electrical excitation winding generate magnetic flux, ф 2 be annular permanent magnet generate magnetic flux, The reversed magnetomotive force that electrical excitation winding generates weakens permanent magnet flux, it is seen that when excitation winding leads to reverse current, generator Weak magnetic effect is obvious.

The invention has the benefit that the present invention can be by adjusting size of current and direction, to control resultant magnetic field Size, realize pressure stabilizing output, structure is simple, and permanent magnet utilization rate is high, and the consumption of electric energy needed for excitation is small.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is anatomical structure schematic diagram of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the right view of fixed magnetic yoke front end face；

Fig. 3 is Figure 1A-A anatomical structure schematic diagram；

Fig. 4 is rotation pawl pole structural schematic diagram.

In figure, 1, shaft；2, preceding pawl pole；3, fixed magnetic yoke；4, excitation winding；5, rear pawl pole；6, rear end cap；7, armature around Group；8, stator core；Pawl pole (another part) before 9；10, drive end bearing bracket；11, fan；12, annular permanent magnet；13, magnetic shield；14, Belt pulley；15, woodruff key；16, voltage-stabilizing controller.

Specific embodiment

In order to be further understood that summary of the invention of the invention, the present invention is elaborated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.