阅读说明：本技术 一种用于缩短刺梨育苗周期的基质及其制备方法 (Matrix for shortening roxburgh rose seedling raising period and preparation method thereof ) 是由 向柯臻 向星 陈平 于 2018-05-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于缩短刺梨育苗周期的基质,由下列重量组份比的原料制成：磷矿粉15-40份、锯木屑30-60份、废弃菌渣10-20份、蛭石10-20份、珍珠岩10-20份、腐叶土30-60份、火山岩10-20份、缓释颗粒5-10份、淤泥80-150份、鸡粪30-60份、粉煤灰20-40份、草木灰20-40份、秸秆30-60份、秸秆发酵剂3-8份。与现有技术相比,使用本发明方法制备得到的基质进行育苗,经多次试验,可缩短育苗周期至原周期的2/3,该培养基质都是使用天然产物或者废弃物制成,不会对土壤造成污染,而且可以实现资源回收利用,成本较低,通过使用该基质育苗每年每亩可提高收益2万元以上,而每年每亩土地所需的基质成本仅仅在3000元左右,每亩土地净增长收益在17000元以上,可广泛推广使用。(the invention discloses a substrate for shortening a roxburgh rose seedling raising period, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-40 parts of ground phosphate rock, 30-60 parts of sawdust, 10-20 parts of waste mushroom dregs, 10-20 parts of vermiculite, 10-20 parts of perlite, 30-60 parts of leaf mold, 10-20 parts of volcanic rock, 5-10 parts of slow-release particles, 80-150 parts of sludge, 30-60 parts of chicken manure, 20-40 parts of fly ash, 20-40 parts of plant ash, 30-60 parts of straws and 3-8 parts of straw leavening agent. Compared with the prior art, the 2/3 that can shorten the seedling raising period to the original period can be shortened by using the substrate prepared by the method of the invention through a plurality of tests, the culture substrate is made of natural products or wastes, the soil cannot be polluted, the resource recycling can be realized, the cost is lower, the income per mu can be increased by more than 2 ten thousand yuan each year by using the substrate for seedling raising, the substrate cost required by the land per mu each year is only about 3000 yuan, the net increase income per mu is more than 17000 yuan, and the substrate can be widely popularized and used.)

1. A substrate for shortening a roxburgh rose seedling raising period is characterized in that: the paint is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-40 parts of ground phosphate rock, 30-60 parts of sawdust, 10-20 parts of waste mushroom dregs, 10-20 parts of vermiculite, 10-20 parts of perlite, 30-60 parts of leaf mold, 10-20 parts of volcanic rock, 5-10 parts of slow-release particles, 80-150 parts of sludge, 30-60 parts of chicken manure, 20-40 parts of fly ash, 20-40 parts of plant ash, 30-60 parts of straws and 3-8 parts of straw leavening agent.

2. the substrate for shortening a seedling raising period of rosa roxburghii according to claim 1, wherein: the paint is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of ground phosphate rock, 40-50 parts of sawdust, 13-17 parts of waste mushroom dregs, 13-17 parts of vermiculite, 13-17 parts of perlite, 40-50 parts of leaf mold, 13-17 parts of volcanic rock, 6-8 parts of slow-release particles, 120 parts of 100-doped silt, 40-50 parts of chicken manure, 25-35 parts of fly ash, 25-35 parts of plant ash, 40-50 parts of straws and 4-6 parts of straw leavening agent.

3. The substrate for shortening a seedling raising period of rosa roxburghii according to claim 2, wherein: the paint is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of ground phosphate rock, 45 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of waste mushroom dregs, 15 parts of vermiculite, 15 parts of perlite, 45 parts of leaf mold, 15 parts of volcanic rock, 7 parts of slow-release particles, 110 parts of sludge, 45 parts of chicken manure, 30 parts of fly ash, 30 parts of plant ash, 45 parts of straw and 5 parts of straw leavening agent.

4. a method for preparing the substrate for shortening the period of growing seedlings of rosa roxburghii tratt according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the preparation of the matrix comprises the following steps:

A. fishing out the sludge, and standing for drying until the water content of the sludge is reduced to below 20%;

B. finely smashing ground phosphate rock, vermiculite, perlite, volcanic rock and fly ash, and crushing straws to the size of below 200 meshes;

C. Mixing and stirring various raw materials, adding water accounting for 3-6% of the total mass of the raw materials during stirring, stacking in a pile, covering with a plastic film, uncovering the plastic film every 2-3 days to turn over the materials, and repeatedly turning over for 3-4 times;

D. And C, mashing the material prepared in the step C again to obtain the required matrix.

Technical Field

the invention relates to a substrate and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a substrate for shortening a roxburgh rose seedling culture period and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Rosa roxburghii (Rosa roxbunghii) is a fruit of perennial deciduous shrub filature flower of Rosaceae, also named as King fruit, Rosa roxburghii fruit, Buddha fruit, arrowroot pear, fructus Pyri, David Crassipes, Acronychia sinensis, Rosa roxburghii, Jiugou and Xanthocera xanthoceras, is a nourishing and body-building nutritional precious fruit and is a rare fruit. The wild fruits grow in sunny hillside, valley, roadside and shrub clusters with the altitude of 500-2500 m, are natural wild fruits in Guizhou, Huxi mountain, Xiangxi, Liangshan and Minning mountain areas and the like, and are planted in large areas in unsealed cities of Guizhou province and Henan province.

the harvest period of the roxburgh rose is less than 30 days. The rosa roxburghii tratt is wild shrub, blooms pink, red or deep red flowers from 4 months to 6 months, and blooms in summer and autumn. The fruits are mostly flat and round, the transverse diameter is generally 2 cm to 4 cm, and the fruits are ripe, yellow and sometimes have blush in 8 months to 9 months. The fruit meat is crisp and has strong fragrance after being ripe. Small meat spines are densely grown on the fruit peels, and are commonly called as roxburgh roses. The fruit contains abundant vitamin C, and is called as "the king of vitamin C". Tannin 500 mg to 1000 mg, acid about 1 g, total sugar about 4 g.

A large amount of new seedlings can be obtained in a cutting seedling raising mode in the roxburgh rose planting process, and the seedling raising period of the new seedlings is long and related to the final seedling yield. How to shorten the seedling raising period to provide the seedling yield is a technical problem to be solved urgently at present.

Disclosure of Invention

the invention aims to provide a substrate for shortening a roxburgh rose seedling raising period and a preparation method thereof. The seedling raising substrate prepared by the method can shorten the seedling raising period of the roxburgh rose, thereby improving the seedling yield.

the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a substrate for shortening a roxburgh rose seedling raising period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-40 parts of ground phosphate rock, 30-60 parts of sawdust, 10-20 parts of waste mushroom dregs, 10-20 parts of vermiculite, 10-20 parts of perlite, 30-60 parts of leaf mold, 10-20 parts of volcanic rock, 5-10 parts of slow-release particles, 80-150 parts of sludge, 30-60 parts of chicken manure, 20-40 parts of fly ash, 20-40 parts of plant ash, 30-60 parts of straws and 3-8 parts of straw leavening agent.

The matrix for shortening the seedling raising period of the roxburgh rose is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of ground phosphate rock, 40-50 parts of sawdust, 13-17 parts of waste mushroom dregs, 13-17 parts of vermiculite, 13-17 parts of perlite, 40-50 parts of leaf mold, 13-17 parts of volcanic rock, 6-8 parts of slow-release particles, 120 parts of 100-doped silt, 40-50 parts of chicken manure, 25-35 parts of fly ash, 25-35 parts of plant ash, 40-50 parts of straws and 4-6 parts of straw leavening agent.

the matrix for shortening the seedling raising period of the roxburgh rose is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of ground phosphate rock, 45 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of waste mushroom dregs, 15 parts of vermiculite, 15 parts of perlite, 45 parts of leaf mold, 15 parts of volcanic rock, 7 parts of slow-release particles, 110 parts of sludge, 45 parts of chicken manure, 30 parts of fly ash, 30 parts of plant ash, 45 parts of straw and 5 parts of straw leavening agent.

A preparation method of a substrate for shortening a roxburgh rose seedling raising period comprises the following steps:

A. Fishing out the sludge, and standing for drying until the water content of the sludge is reduced to below 20%;

B. Finely smashing ground phosphate rock, vermiculite, perlite, volcanic rock and fly ash, and crushing straws to the size of below 200 meshes;

C. Mixing and stirring various raw materials, adding water accounting for 3-6% of the total mass of the raw materials during stirring, stacking in a pile, covering with a plastic film, uncovering the plastic film every 2-3 days to turn over the materials, and repeatedly turning over for 3-4 times;

D. and C, mashing the material prepared in the step C again to obtain the required matrix.

the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the 2/3 that can shorten the seedling raising period to the original period can be shortened by using the substrate prepared by the method of the invention through a plurality of tests, the culture substrate is made of natural products or wastes, the soil cannot be polluted, the resource recycling can be realized, the cost is lower, the income per mu can be increased by more than 2 ten thousand yuan each year by using the substrate for seedling raising, the substrate cost required by the land per mu each year is only about 3000 yuan, the net increase income per mu is more than 17000 yuan, and the substrate can be widely popularized and used.

Detailed Description

the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

example 1 of the invention: a substrate for shortening a roxburgh rose seedling raising period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15kg of phosphorite powder, 30kg of sawdust, 10kg of waste mushroom dregs, 10kg of vermiculite, 10kg of perlite, 30kg of leaf mold, 10kg of volcanic rock, 5kg of slow-release particles, 80kg of sludge, 30kg of chicken manure, 20kg of fly ash, 20kg of plant ash, 30kg of straw and 3kg of straw leavening agent.

A preparation method of a substrate for shortening a roxburgh rose seedling raising period comprises the following steps:

A. Fishing out the sludge, and standing for drying until the water content of the sludge is reduced to below 20%;

B. Finely smashing ground phosphate rock, vermiculite, perlite, volcanic rock and fly ash, and crushing straws to the size of below 200 meshes;

C. mixing and stirring various raw materials, adding water accounting for 3% of the total mass of the raw materials during stirring, stacking in piles, covering with a plastic film, uncovering the plastic film every 2 days to turn over the materials, and repeatedly turning over for 4 times;

D. and C, mashing the material prepared in the step C again to obtain the required matrix.

Example 2 of the invention: a substrate for shortening a roxburgh rose seedling raising period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40kg of phosphorite powder, 60kg of sawdust, 20kg of waste mushroom dregs, 20kg of vermiculite, 20kg of perlite, 60kg of leaf mold, 20kg of volcanic rock, 10kg of slow-release particles, 150kg of sludge, 60kg of chicken manure, 40kg of fly ash, 40kg of plant ash, 60kg of straw and 8kg of straw leavening agent.

A preparation method of a substrate for shortening a roxburgh rose seedling raising period comprises the following steps:

A. fishing out the sludge, and standing for drying until the water content of the sludge is reduced to below 20%;

B. finely smashing ground phosphate rock, vermiculite, perlite, volcanic rock and fly ash, and crushing straws to the size of below 200 meshes;

C. mixing and stirring various raw materials, adding water accounting for 6% of the total mass of the raw materials during stirring, stacking in piles, covering with a plastic film, uncovering the plastic film every 3 days to turn over the materials, and repeatedly turning over for 3 times;

D. and C, mashing the material prepared in the step C again to obtain the required matrix.

Example 3 of the invention: a substrate for shortening a roxburgh rose seedling raising period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20kg of phosphorite powder, 40kg of sawdust, 13kg of waste mushroom dregs, 13kg of vermiculite, 13kg of perlite, 40kg of leaf mold, 13kg of volcanic rock, 6kg of slow-release particles, 100kg of sludge, 40kg of chicken manure, 25kg of fly ash, 25kg of plant ash, 40kg of straw and 4kg of straw leavening agent.

4. A preparation method of a substrate for shortening a roxburgh rose seedling raising period comprises the following steps:

A. Fishing out the sludge, and standing for drying until the water content of the sludge is reduced to below 20%;

B. Finely smashing ground phosphate rock, vermiculite, perlite, volcanic rock and fly ash, and crushing straws to the size of below 200 meshes;

C. Mixing and stirring various raw materials, adding water accounting for 4% of the total mass of the raw materials during stirring, stacking in piles, covering with a plastic film, uncovering the plastic film every 2 days to turn over the materials, and repeatedly turning over for 4 times;

D. and C, mashing the material prepared in the step C again to obtain the required matrix.

Example 4 of the invention: a substrate for shortening a roxburgh rose seedling raising period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30kg of phosphate rock powder, 50kg of sawdust, 17kg of waste mushroom dregs, 17kg of vermiculite, 17kg of perlite, 50kg of leaf mold, 17kg of volcano, 8kg of slow-release particles, 120kg of silt, 50kg of chicken manure, 35kg of fly ash, 35kg of plant ash, 50kg of straw and 6kg of straw leavening agent.

a preparation method of a substrate for shortening a roxburgh rose seedling raising period comprises the following steps:

A. Fishing out the sludge, and standing for drying until the water content of the sludge is reduced to below 20%;

B. finely smashing ground phosphate rock, vermiculite, perlite, volcanic rock and fly ash, and crushing straws to the size of below 200 meshes;

C. Mixing and stirring various raw materials, adding water accounting for 5% of the total mass of the raw materials during stirring, stacking in piles, covering with a plastic film, uncovering the plastic film every 3 days to turn over the materials, and repeatedly turning over for 3 times;

D. and C, mashing the material prepared in the step C again to obtain the required matrix.

example 5 of the invention: a substrate for shortening a roxburgh rose seedling raising period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25kg of phosphorite powder, 45kg of sawdust, 15kg of waste mushroom dregs, 15kg of vermiculite, 15kg of perlite, 45kg of leaf mold, 15kg of volcanic rock, 7kg of slow-release particles, 110kg of sludge, 45kg of chicken manure, 30kg of fly ash, 30kg of plant ash, 45kg of straw and 5kg of straw leavening agent.

a preparation method of a substrate for shortening a roxburgh rose seedling raising period comprises the following steps:

A. Fishing out the sludge, and standing for drying until the water content of the sludge is reduced to below 20%;

B. Finely smashing ground phosphate rock, vermiculite, perlite, volcanic rock and fly ash, and crushing straws to the size of below 200 meshes;

C. mixing and stirring various raw materials, adding water accounting for 5% of the total mass of the raw materials during stirring, stacking in piles, covering with a plastic film, uncovering the plastic film every 2 days to turn over the materials, and repeatedly turning over for 4 times;

D. and C, mashing the material prepared in the step C again to obtain the required matrix.