阅读说明：本技术 大功率电能变换器的驱动装置 (Driving device of high-power electric energy converter ) 是由 郑立楷 于 2019-08-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明实施例公开了一种大功率电能变换器的驱动装置,包括上三路和下三路共6个桥臂,所述桥臂均由IGBT和输出端与IGBT的G极连接的驱动电路组成,上三路桥臂均采用独立的驱动电源供电,所述驱动电源还包括母排/母线电容,下三路桥臂共用一个驱动电源供电,下三路桥臂的驱动电路的电源输入端与对应相连的IGBT的E极之间均设有电容,上三路桥臂的IGBT的C极分别与母排/母线电容一端的引出端子连接,下三路桥臂的IGBT的E极分别通过杂散电感与母排/母线电容另一端的引出端子连接。本发明减少了大功率变换器中所需要使用的驱动电源的路数,大大降低驱动电路的成本；同时由于电路的节省更利于单板的布局,实现单板的小型化,提升设备的功率密度。(The embodiment of the invention discloses a driving device of a high-power electric energy converter, which comprises 6 bridge arms including an upper three bridge arm and a lower three bridge arm, wherein each bridge arm consists of an IGBT and a driving circuit, the output end of the driving circuit is connected with the G pole of the IGBT, the upper three bridge arms are supplied with power by adopting independent driving power supplies, the driving power supplies also comprise a bus bar/bus capacitor, the lower three bridge arms share one driving power supply for supplying power, capacitors are arranged between the power input ends of the driving circuits of the lower three bridge arms and the E poles of the IGBTs correspondingly connected, the C poles of the IGBTs of the upper three bridge arms are respectively connected with leading-out terminals at one ends of the bus bar/bus capacitor, and the E poles of the IGBTs of the lower three bridge arms are respectively connected. The invention reduces the number of the driving power supply circuits needed to be used in the high-power converter, and greatly reduces the cost of the driving circuit; meanwhile, the circuit is saved, so that the layout of the single board is facilitated, the miniaturization of the single board is realized, and the power density of equipment is improved.)

1. A driving device of a high-power electric energy converter comprises 6 bridge arms including an upper three bridge arms and a lower three bridge arms, wherein each bridge arm is composed of an IGBT and a driving circuit of which the output end is connected with the G pole of the IGBT, the upper three bridge arms are respectively supplied with power by adopting an independent driving power supply, the driving power supply is characterized by further comprising a busbar/bus capacitor, the lower three bridge arms are supplied with power by sharing one driving power supply, capacitors are respectively arranged between the power input ends of the driving circuits of the lower three bridge arms and the E poles of the corresponding connected IGBTs, the C poles of the IGBTs of the upper three bridge arms are respectively connected with leading-out terminals at one ends of the busbar/bus capacitor, and the E poles of the IGBTs of the lower three bridge arms are respectively connected with leading.

2. The driving apparatus of a high power electric energy converter according to claim 1, wherein the bus bar/bus bar capacitor comprises a capacitor body and two terminals, and a stray inductor is further included between the capacitor body and the two terminals.

3. The driving apparatus for high power electric energy converter according to claim 1, wherein the driving power supply supplies power to a positive and negative power supply or a single-ended positive power supply.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of power supplies, in particular to a driving device of a high-power electric energy converter.

Background

In an electric energy conversion apparatus such as an electric vehicle motor controller, a main power conversion part is generally composed of 6 semiconductor switching devices (or 6 paths of a plurality of switching devices connected in parallel) as shown in fig. 1. Especially for high power conversion circuits, the control of semiconductor switching devices requires a dedicated isolated power supply to provide power. Especially in high power high current applications, a separate driving power supply and driving circuit is usually required for each semiconductor switching device. I.e. 6 legs require 6 isolated switching power supplies. In a low-power application situation, since the driving power supplies of the lower three-leg are actually referenced to the same ground plane, from the cost perspective, the driving power supplies of the lower three-leg are usually combined into 1 path, only 1 power supply is adopted, and two paths of power supplies can be saved, as shown in fig. 2. In high-power and high-current application occasions, three-bridge power supplies cannot be combined normally.

The driving power supply of the power conversion unit in the present high-power converter mostly adopts 6 paths of mutually independent driving power supplies for power supply. On one hand, 6 paths of power supplies are needed, and the cost is high. On the other hand, with the pursuit of power density, the size of the single board is smaller and smaller, and the 6-way power supply seriously affects the miniaturization of the single board PCB to a certain extent and also affects the layout and wiring of the PCB.

In 6 bridge arms in fig. 1, the level of the emitter of each IGBT in the upper three paths is in a jump state, and the maximum voltage difference is the bus voltage of the system, so that the drive power supplies in the upper three paths cannot be supplied by the same power supply, and need to be 3 independent power supplies, and the requirement of functional insulation needs to be met. The maximum voltage difference between the IGBT emitting electrodes of the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm of the same half bridge is also bus voltage, so that the power supplies of the two bridge arms of the same half bridge are also required to be mutually independent, and the requirement of functional insulation is met. For the emitters of the three lower bridges, which are the same node on the main loop, it can be considered to use a common ground power supply to reduce the power supply of the lower three bridges to 1 path. However, in the high-power converter, the emitters of the actual lower three-bridge IGBT and N are usually connected by copper bar screws and the like, which are equivalent to a certain amount of stray inductance (as shown in fig. 3), and for the IGBT module, the inductance of the main power connection inside the IGBT should be included. This inductance is typically on the order of tens to tens of nH. In a high-power converter, the moment when a switch is switched on and off generates great current change which is usually 5-10A/ns. Such a large di/dt induces a voltage of several tens of volts across the stray inductance. Therefore, the potential of the three lower three-bridge IGBTs actually has a momentary potential difference of several tens of volts during the switching operation. If the emitting electrodes of the three lower bridges are forcibly connected together and are powered by one power supply, the voltage difference generated during the switching action can cause the mistaken on or off of the switching tube, and even cause the breakdown damage of the IGBT gate pole. And in the application occasion of low power, the current is small, the di/dt is small, and the induced voltage at the switching moment can be ignored, so that the lower three-bridge can adopt a 1-path power supply. In high-power application occasions, the three-bridge power supply still adopts three mutually independent power supplies at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a driving apparatus for a high-power electric energy converter, so that the scheme of sharing power supply by the lower three bridges can be implemented in the high-power converter.

In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the invention provides a driving device of a high-power electric energy converter, which comprises 6 bridge arms including an upper three bridge arms and a lower three bridge arms, wherein each bridge arm is composed of an IGBT and a driving circuit of which the output end is connected with the G pole of the IGBT, the upper three bridge arms are all powered by an independent driving power supply, the driving power supply further comprises a bus bar/bus bar capacitor, the lower three bridge arms share one driving power supply for power supply, capacitors are arranged between the power input ends of the driving circuits of the lower three bridge arms and the E poles of the correspondingly connected IGBTs, the C poles of the IGBTs of the upper three bridge arms are respectively connected with leading-out terminals at one end of the bus bar/bus bar capacitor, and the E poles of the IGBTs of the lower three bridge arms are respectively connected with leading.

Further, the busbar/bus capacitor comprises a capacitor body and leading-out terminals at two ends, and stray inductance is arranged between the capacitor body and the leading-out terminals at the two ends.

Further, the driving power supply supplies power for a positive power supply and a negative power supply or a single-ended positive power supply.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can reduce the number of the driving power supply circuits needed to be used in the high-power converter, so that the number of the driving power supply circuits is reduced from 6 to 4, and the cost of the driving circuit is greatly reduced; meanwhile, the circuit is saved, so that the layout of the single board is facilitated, the miniaturization of the single board is realized, and the power density of equipment is improved; the invention fully utilizes the characteristics of the device, can be realized without adding extra devices or only adding few devices, and is simple and easy to realize.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a first solution of the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a second solution of the prior art.

Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a third scheme of the prior art.

Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a driving apparatus of a high power electric energy converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other without conflict, and the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

If directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) are provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.

In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.

Referring to fig. 4, the driving apparatus of the high-power converter according to the embodiment of the invention includes 6 bridge arms, an upper path and a lower path, and a bus bar/bus capacitor.

The bridge arms are composed of IGBT and a driving circuit with output end connected with G pole of IGBT. The upper three bridge arms are powered by independent driving power supplies. The lower three bridge arms share one driving power supply for power supply. Capacitors are arranged between the power input end of the driving circuit of the lower three bridge arms and the E poles of the corresponding connected IGBTs, the C poles of the IGBTs of the upper three bridge arms are respectively connected with the leading-out terminal at one end of the busbar/bus capacitor, and the E poles of the IGBTs of the lower three bridge arms are respectively connected with the leading-out terminal at the other end of the busbar/bus capacitor through stray inductors.

As shown in fig. 4, the driving apparatus of the high power converter includes a driving circuit 1, a driving circuit 2, a driving circuit 3, a driving circuit 4, a driving circuit 5, a driving circuit 6, an IGBT1, an IGBT2, an IGBT3, an IGBT4, an IGBT5, an IGBT6, a driving power supply 1, a driving power supply 2, a driving power supply 3, and a driving power supply 5. The output terminals of the drive circuits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are connected to the G-poles of the IGBTs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. The input ends of the drive circuit 1, the drive circuit 3 and the drive circuit 5 are respectively connected with the output ends of the drive power supply 1, the drive power supply 3 and the drive power supply 5. The GND electrodes of the drive power supply 1, the drive power supply 3, and the drive power supply 5 and the E electrodes of the IGBT1, the IGBT3, and the IGBT5 are connected to the C electrodes of the IGBT2, the IGBT4, and the IGBT6, respectively. The output terminal of the drive power supply 2 is connected to the input terminals of the drive circuit 2, the drive circuit 4, and the drive circuit 6, and the GND terminal of the drive power supply 2 is connected to the E terminals of the IGBT2, the IGBT4, and the IGBT6, respectively. Capacitors are respectively arranged between the input ends of the driving circuits 2, 4 and 6 and the E poles of the IGBTs 4 and 6 of the IGBTs 2. The E poles of the IGBT2, the IGBT4 and the IGBT6 are all connected with the leading-out terminal at one end of the busbar/bus capacitor through a stray inductor, and the C poles of the IGBT1, the IGBT3 and the IGBT5 are all connected with the leading-out terminal at the other end of the busbar/bus capacitor.

The N potential networks are connected together through bus capacitors/laminated buses. The emitter of the IGBT is connected to the N potential and mainly comprises a stray inductance part 3 which is connected with a terminal, a stray inductance part of a busbar/bus capacitor and a stray inductance part of a power loop of the IGBT. As shown in fig. 4, the driving power and the driving circuit are usually on the PCB and directly connected to C and E of the IGBT. The lower three-bridge IGBT is not directly connected on the PCB, but indirectly connected together through a busbar/bus capacitor, and the middle part of the PCB passes through stray inductance. Therefore, even if there is a large di/dt in the switching of the switching tube, the potential of the respective emitters will change instantaneously. And each driving circuit is provided with a capacitor of a respective power supply nearby, so that the relative level of the IGBT driving power supply can be kept unchanged or changed negligibly. Because the switching process of the IGBT switch is usually about 1us, the proportion is very low, and the current change on the stray inductance can be ignored in a non-switching state, no voltage drop exists on the stray inductance, the stray inductance is equivalent to a short circuit (similar to the use condition of a small power converter in a figure 2 at this moment), and a power supply can charge a capacitor of a 3-way lower bridge driving circuit power supply through a loop formed by the stray inductance and a bus, so that the stability of the driving voltage is ensured, and the purpose of using one-way driving power supply by a lower three-bridge in a high-power converter is achieved.

As an embodiment, the busbar/bus capacitor includes a capacitor body and lead-out terminals at two ends, and a stray inductor is further included between the capacitor body and the lead-out terminals at two ends. There is some stray inductance between the capacitor body and the outgoing terminal (usually no extra addition).

In one embodiment, the driving power supply supplies power to a positive power supply and a negative power supply or a single-ended positive power supply. The driving power supply supplies power required by IGBT driving to the driving circuit and can be a single positive power supply or a positive and negative power supply. The driving circuit amplifies the IGBT switching signal by means of a driving power supply and then transmits the amplified signal to a gate pole of the IGBT, and the switching control of the IGBT is realized by controlling the gate pole.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.