阅读说明：本技术 用于slm设备的无刚性过导向的导向系统 (Non-rigid oversteer guidance system for SLM devices ) 是由 颜永年 胡美婷 韩丽俊 余衍然 颜家川 于 2021-07-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于SLM设备的无刚性过导向的导向系统,包括机架、分别上下正对的固定安装于机架上的手套箱和中心基座、成形缸、缸体升降驱动装置和活塞杆寸动驱动装置,成形缸包括能升降运动的安装于手套箱下端底面上的缸体、动密封的插设于缸体内的活塞和固定于活塞下端的活塞杆,缸体能与SLM设备的成型箱下端成型口密封连通,缸体升降驱动装置驱动缸体升降运动,活塞杆寸动驱动装置固定安装于中心基座上并驱动活塞杆寸动下移,空心结构的活塞杆内侧壁上设有第一直线导轨或第一滑块,中心基座侧壁上设有第一滑块或第一直线导轨,第一滑块能沿纵向滑动的套装于第一直线导轨上,本发明无刚性过导向问题,提高了成形缸下移导向的可靠性。(The invention discloses a guide system without rigid over-guide for SLM equipment, which comprises a rack, a glove box, a central base, a forming cylinder, a cylinder lifting driving device and a piston rod inching driving device, wherein the glove box and the central base are respectively arranged on the rack in an up-down opposite mode and are fixedly arranged on the rack, the forming cylinder comprises a cylinder body which can be arranged on the bottom surface of the lower end of the glove box in a lifting motion mode, a piston which is inserted in the cylinder body in a dynamic sealing mode and a piston rod fixed at the lower end of the piston, the cylinder body can be communicated with a forming opening at the lower end of a forming box of the SLM equipment in a sealing mode, the cylinder lifting driving device drives the cylinder body to move up and down, the piston rod inching driving device is fixedly arranged on the central base and drives the piston rod to move down in an inching mode, a first linear guide rail or a first slide block is arranged on the inner side wall of the piston rod of a hollow structure, the first slide block can be sleeved on the first linear guide rail in a longitudinal sliding mode, the invention has no rigid over-guiding problem and improves the reliability of downward movement guiding of the forming cylinder.)

1. A rigid oversteer-free guidance system for SLM devices, characterized by: the device comprises a rack (1), a central base (2), a glove box (3), a forming cylinder, a cylinder body lifting driving device and a piston rod inching driving device, wherein the glove box and the central base are respectively and vertically oppositely fixed on the rack, the forming cylinder comprises a cylindrical cylinder body (4), a piston (16) and a piston rod (17), the cylinder body can be arranged on the bottom surface of the lower end of the glove box in a lifting motion manner, the cylinder body can be communicated with a forming port at the lower end of a forming box (18) of the SLM equipment in a sealing manner through an opening at the upper end of the glove box, the cylinder body lifting driving device is fixedly arranged on the rack, the cylinder body lifting driving device drives the cylinder body to move up and down, the piston is inserted in the cylinder body in a dynamic sealing manner, the piston rod is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the piston, the piston rod inching driving device is fixedly arranged on the central base, the piston rod inching driving device drives the piston rod to move down, and the piston rod forms a hollow structure, the piston rod is provided with a first linear guide rail (5) or a first sliding block on the inner side wall, the upper end of the central base is inserted into the inner side of the piston rod, the side wall of the central base is provided with a first sliding block (6) or a first linear guide rail, and the first sliding block can be sleeved on the first linear guide rail in a longitudinal sliding mode.

2. A rigid oversteer free guidance system for an SLM device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: an auxiliary guide sleeve (7) is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the glove box, and a cylinder body of the forming cylinder can be inserted into the auxiliary guide sleeve on the bottom surface of the glove box in a longitudinally sliding mode.

3. A rigid oversteer free guidance system for an SLM device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: at least one circle of first sealing ring (8) is fixedly arranged on the inner side surface of the auxiliary guide sleeve, and the first sealing ring is in dynamic sealing contact with the outer side surface of the cylinder body of the forming cylinder.

4. A rigid oversteer free guidance system for an SLM device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the glove box is of a cylinder structure with an opening at the lower end, the auxiliary guide sleeve is inserted into the inner side of the lower end of the glove box in a sealing mode, the upper end surface of the auxiliary guide sleeve forms the bottom surface of the glove box, at least one adjusting bolt (9) is further arranged, the adjusting bolt is axially stopped and is mounted on the auxiliary guide sleeve in a rotating mode in the circumferential direction, the adjusting bolt is movably screwed with the upper end face of the rack, a second linear guide rail (19) is fixedly mounted on the rack, a second sliding block (20) is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary guide sleeve, and the second sliding block can be sleeved on the second linear guide rail along the longitudinal sliding mode.

5. The non-rigid-oversteer guidance system for an SLM device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the auxiliary guide sleeve is of a T-shaped annular sleeve structure, the outer diameter of the upper end of the auxiliary guide sleeve is larger than that of the lower end of the auxiliary guide sleeve, the lower end of the auxiliary guide sleeve is arranged on the inner side of the frame, the upper end of the auxiliary guide sleeve is inserted into the glove box in a sealing mode, an annular step structure formed between the upper end and the lower end of the auxiliary guide sleeve is stopped on the surface of the upper end of the frame, and the adjusting bolts are distributed on the annular step structure of the auxiliary guide sleeve at uniform intervals.

6. A rigid oversteer free guidance system for an SLM device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the support (10) is fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the rack, a lead screw (11) is arranged on the support in an axially-stopped and circumferential direction manner, a lead screw nut (12) is movably screwed on the lead screw, the lead screw nut is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the cylinder body, a first servo motor and a first speed reducer are fixedly arranged on the rack, and the first servo motor outputs power to the lead screw through the first speed reducer.

7. A rigid oversteer free guidance system for an SLM device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the piston rod inching driving device comprises a second servo motor (13), a second speed reducer, a transmission gear and a transmission rack (14), wherein the second servo motor and the second speed reducer are fixedly installed on the central base, the transmission gear can be installed on the central base in a rotating mode, the transmission rack is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the piston rod, the transmission gear is meshed with the transmission rack and is connected with the transmission rack, and the second servo motor drives the transmission gear to rotate intermittently through the second speed reducer.

8. The non-rigid-oversteer guidance system for an SLM device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the transmission gear is a helical gear, and the transmission rack is a helical rack.

9. A rigid oversteer free guidance system for an SLM device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the central base is of an annular columnar structure with a T-shaped cross section, and the middle columnar body of the central base is inserted into the inner side of the lower end of the piston rod.

10. A rigid oversteer free guidance system for an SLM device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the lower end of the cylinder body is hermetically connected with the piston rod through a second sealing ring (15).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D laser printing, in particular to a guide system without rigid over-guide for SLM (Selective laser melting) equipment.

Background

In the traditional SLM forming technology, a forming cylinder is in locking and positioning in the longitudinal direction, a piston in the forming cylinder descends through inching, powder is paved in the forming cylinder layer by layer, scanning is carried out layer by layer through laser to complete workpiece forming, a forming box or the forming cylinder is horizontally moved after forming, the forming cylinder and the forming box are staggered, then the piston in the forming cylinder ascends to lift the workpiece out of the forming cylinder, powder cleaning and workpiece taking are achieved, and the structure enables the workpiece taking to be difficult and consumes energy.

Therefore, there is a strong need for an in-situ pickup system for large SLM systems, which becomes an important system in SLM forming equipment. After the large-scale forming part is finished, the forming cylinder is vertically moved downwards to enable the forming part to be exposed in a forkable state, and the forming part is taken out by a forklift-in-situ taking part. The adoption of the in-situ pickup technology can greatly simplify the structure of the equipment and increase the convenience and the safety of the operation.

The core of the in-situ workpiece taking system is how to vertically move the forming cylinder downwards, and when the vertical guide system applied to the SLM system is applied to the vertical movement of the forming cylinder, the problem of rigid over-guide easily occurs (if a moving body is only constrained by one non-adjustable guide, the moving body is not constrained by more than two non-adjustable rigid guides, namely rigid over-guide), so that the problems of complex guide structure and poor guide reliability easily occur, and therefore, the processing precision needs to be greatly improved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up for the defects, the invention provides the guide system without the rigid over-guide for the SLM equipment, the guide system without the rigid over-guide for the SLM equipment eliminates the problem of the rigid over-guide in the vertical downward moving process of the forming cylinder, improves the downward moving guide reliability of the forming cylinder, and has the advantages of simple structure, clear guide logic relationship and easy assembly and adjustment.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: a guide system without rigid over-guide for SLM equipment comprises a rack, a central base, a glove box, a forming cylinder, a cylinder lifting drive device and a piston rod inching drive device, wherein the glove box and the central base are respectively and fixedly arranged on the rack in an up-down opposite mode, the forming cylinder comprises a cylindrical cylinder body, a piston and a piston rod, the cylinder body can be arranged on the bottom surface of the lower end of the glove box in a lifting motion mode, the cylinder body can be communicated with a forming port at the lower end of the forming box of the SLM equipment in a sealing mode through an opening at the upper end of the glove box, the cylinder lifting drive device is fixedly arranged on the rack, the cylinder lifting drive device drives the cylinder body to move up and down, the piston is movably inserted into the cylinder body in a sealing mode, the piston rod is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the piston, the piston rod inching drive device is fixedly arranged on the central base, the piston rod inching drive device drives the piston rod to move down, and the piston rod forms a hollow structure, the inner side wall of the piston rod is provided with a first linear guide rail or a first sliding block, the upper end of the central base is inserted into the inner side of the piston rod, the side wall of the central base is provided with the first sliding block or the first linear guide rail, and the first sliding block can be sleeved on the first linear guide rail in a longitudinal sliding mode.

As a further improvement of the invention, an auxiliary guide sleeve is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the glove box, and a cylinder body of the forming cylinder can be inserted into the auxiliary guide sleeve on the bottom surface of the glove box in a longitudinally sliding manner.

As a further improvement of the invention, at least one circle of first sealing ring is fixedly arranged on the inner side surface of the auxiliary guide sleeve, and the first sealing ring is in dynamic sealing contact with the outer side surface of the cylinder body of the forming cylinder.

As a further improvement of the invention, the glove box is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the lower end, the auxiliary guide sleeve is inserted and sealed inside the lower end of the glove box, the upper end surface of the auxiliary guide sleeve forms the bottom surface of the glove box, at least one adjusting bolt is further arranged, the adjusting bolt is axially stopped and can be rotatably arranged on the auxiliary guide sleeve in the circumferential direction, the adjusting bolt is movably screwed with the upper end surface of the rack, a second linear guide rail is fixedly arranged on the rack, a second sliding block is fixedly arranged on the auxiliary guide sleeve, and the second sliding block can be sleeved on the second linear guide rail in a longitudinal sliding manner.

As a further improvement of the invention, the auxiliary guide sleeve is of a T-shaped ring sleeve structure, the outer diameter of the upper end of the auxiliary guide sleeve is larger than that of the lower end of the auxiliary guide sleeve, the lower end of the auxiliary guide sleeve is arranged on the inner side of the frame, the upper end of the auxiliary guide sleeve is hermetically inserted in the glove box, an annular step structure formed between the upper end and the lower end of the auxiliary guide sleeve is stopped on the surface of the upper end of the frame, and all the adjusting bolts are uniformly distributed on the annular step structure of the auxiliary guide sleeve at intervals.

As a further improvement of the invention, a support is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the rack, a lead screw is axially stopped and can rotate in the circumferential direction on the support, a lead screw nut is movably screwed on the lead screw, the lead screw nut is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the cylinder body, a first servo motor and a first speed reducer are also fixedly arranged on the rack, and the first servo motor outputs power to the lead screw through the first speed reducer.

As a further improvement of the invention, the piston rod inching driving device comprises a second servo motor, a second speed reducer, a transmission gear and a transmission rack, wherein the second servo motor and the second speed reducer are fixedly arranged on the central base, the transmission gear can be rotatably arranged on the central base, the transmission rack is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the piston rod, the transmission gear is meshed with the transmission rack, and the second servo motor drives the transmission gear to intermittently rotate through the second speed reducer.

As a further improvement of the invention, the transmission gear is a helical gear, and the transmission rack is a helical rack.

As a further improvement of the invention, the central base is of an annular columnar structure with a T-shaped cross section, and the middle columnar body is inserted into the inner side of the lower end of the piston rod.

As a further improvement of the invention, the lower end of the cylinder body is connected with the piston rod in a sealing way through a second sealing ring.

The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: the invention provides a built-in forming cylinder double-acting system for ensuring in-situ workpiece taking, wherein a cylinder body of a forming cylinder and a piston inside the forming cylinder can independently and vertically move (the displacement is 0.02mm, the repetition number is ten thousand, and the load is 10 tons) and can also independently move, and the double-acting system not only can complete the independent displacement of the cylinder body and the piston of the forming cylinder, but also can eliminate the rigid over-guiding problem (namely one moving part is guided by various rigid unadjustable guiding structures), thereby reducing the processing precision requirement; the first slide block or the first linear guide rail on the central base is matched with the first linear guide rail or the first slide block on the inner side of the piston rod, so that the hollow piston rod is guided to drive a transmission rack fixed on the inner side wall of the hollow piston rod through a second servo motor, a second speed reducer, a coupling and a transmission gear on the central base, and the piston rod is driven to do heavy-load inching movement; the hollow piston rod drives the piston to do inching movement of vertical lifting; the axis of the piston rod is the axis of the vertical inching of the forming cylinder; the piston is a guide basis for forming displacement of the forming cylinder; thus, a composite guide chain of the central base, the piston rod, the piston and the forming cylinder is formed, and the problem of rigid over-guide is avoided; the machine frame and the central base are of a fixed structure, the auxiliary guide sleeve and the machine frame are of an adjustable connecting structure, the axis of the auxiliary guide sleeve is ensured to be coaxial with the axis of the central base through adjustment of the auxiliary guide sleeve by the adjusting bolt, and the auxiliary guide sleeve is not ensured to be machined by the machine frame.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a state of the invention in formation;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention in a formed state;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the forming cylinder of the present invention in a lowered, powder-cleaned state;

FIG. 5 is a drawing showing the completion of picking according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a front view of an SLM device employing the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.

Example (b): a guide system without rigid over-guide for SLM equipment comprises a rack 1, a central base 2, a glove box 3, a forming cylinder, a cylinder 4 lifting driving device and a piston rod 17 inching driving device, wherein the glove box 3 and the central base 2 are respectively and oppositely fixed on the rack 1, the forming cylinder comprises a cylindrical cylinder 4, a piston 16 and a piston rod 17, the cylinder 4 can be arranged on the bottom surface of the lower end of the glove box 3 in a lifting motion manner, the cylinder 4 can be communicated with a forming port at the lower end of a forming box 18 of the SLM equipment in a sealing manner through an opening at the upper end of the glove box 3, the cylinder 4 lifting driving device is fixedly arranged on the rack 1, the cylinder 4 is driven by the cylinder 4 lifting driving device to move, the piston 16 is inserted into the cylinder 4 in a dynamic sealing manner, the piston rod 17 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the piston 16, and the piston rod 17 inching driving device is fixedly arranged on the central base 2, the piston rod 17 inching driving device drives the piston rod 17 to inching move downwards, the piston rod 17 forms a hollow structure, a first linear guide rail 5 or a first sliding block 6 is arranged on the inner side wall of the piston rod 17, the upper end of the central base 2 is inserted into the inner side of the piston rod 17, the first sliding block 6 or the first linear guide rail 5 is arranged on the side wall of the central base 2, and the first sliding block 6 can be sleeved on the first linear guide rail 5 in a longitudinal sliding mode.

The central base 2 of the guide system is a guide base structure with double-acting movement, and a first slide block 6 or a first linear guide rail 5 on the guide system is matched with a first linear guide rail 5 or a first slide block 6 on a piston rod 17 to complete the guide of the hollow piston rod 17; the hollow piston rod 17 drives the piston 16 to vertically descend, namely inching; the hollow piston rod 17 makes a general vertical displacement upwards, and the axis of the piston rod 17 is the axis of the vertical inching of the forming cylinder; the piston 16 is a guide base for the forming displacement of the forming cylinder; the cylinder body 4 of the forming cylinder independently completes vertical up-and-down displacement through the lifting driving device of the cylinder body 4. Thus, a composite guide chain of the central base 2, the piston rod 17, the piston 16, the forming cylinder is formed without the problem of rigid over-guiding.

When the SLM equipment carries out laser cladding forming, the time sequence of each movement of the forming cylinder is as follows:

the ascending process is that the cylinder body 4 of the forming cylinder is first, the piston 16 is later, namely after the cylinder body 4 of the forming cylinder ascends to the top dead center, the piston 16 ascends from the lowest point, at the moment, the piston 16 does not inch, but generally vertically moves upwards, and the piston 16 ascends to the top dead center and stops;

and (3) a descending process: the cylinder body 4 is not moved, and the piston 16 descends in the cylinder body 4 to perform inching; after the piston 16 has descended to the bottom dead center, the cylinder 4 moves down to the bottom dead center thereof.

An auxiliary guide sleeve 7 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the glove box 3, and the cylinder body 4 of the forming cylinder can be inserted into the auxiliary guide sleeve 7 on the bottom surface of the glove box 3 in a longitudinally sliding mode. The lifting motion guide of the cylinder body 4 of the forming cylinder is realized through the auxiliary guide sleeve 7, the cylinder body 4 is prevented from inclining in the lifting motion process, and the coaxial sealing of the cylinder body 4 and the piston 16 is ensured.

At least one circle of first sealing ring 8 is fixedly arranged on the inner side surface of the auxiliary guide sleeve 7, and the first sealing ring 8 is in dynamic sealing contact with the outer side surface of the cylinder body 4 of the forming cylinder. Realize cylinder body 4 and glove box 3 sealing connection through first sealing washer 8, powder leaks the glove box 3 outside when avoiding the cylinder body 4 of shaping jar to descend.

The glove box 3 is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the lower end, the auxiliary guide sleeve 7 is inserted into the inner side of the lower end of the glove box 3 in a sealing mode, the bottom surface of the glove box 3 is formed on the upper end surface of the auxiliary guide sleeve 7, at least one adjusting bolt 9 is further arranged, the adjusting bolt 9 is axially stopped and can be installed on the auxiliary guide sleeve 7 in a rotating mode in the circumferential direction, the adjusting bolt 9 is movably screwed with the upper end surface of the rack 1, a second linear guide rail 19 is fixedly installed on the rack 1, a second sliding block 20 is fixedly installed on the auxiliary guide sleeve 7, and the second sliding block 20 can be sleeved on the second linear guide rail 19 in a longitudinal sliding mode. The frame 1 and the central base 2 are of a fixed connection structure, the auxiliary guide sleeve 7 is adjustably connected with the frame 1 through the adjusting bolt 9, the height of the side wall of the auxiliary guide sleeve 7 in different directions is adjusted through the adjusting bolt 9, and then the axis of the auxiliary guide sleeve 7 can be adjusted, so that the axis of the auxiliary guide sleeve 7 is coaxial with the axis of the central base 2, the auxiliary guide sleeve 7 cannot enable the cylinder body 4 of the forming cylinder to have rigidity over-guide, a rigidity-free over-guide structure is formed, the processing through the frame 1 is not needed to be guaranteed, the processing precision requirement of the frame 1 is low, and the realization is convenient.

The auxiliary guide sleeve 7 is of a T-shaped ring sleeve structure, the outer diameter of the upper end of the auxiliary guide sleeve is larger than that of the lower end of the auxiliary guide sleeve, the lower end of the auxiliary guide sleeve 7 is arranged on the inner side of the frame 1, the upper end of the auxiliary guide sleeve 7 is hermetically inserted into the glove box 3, an annular step structure formed between the upper end and the lower end of the auxiliary guide sleeve 7 is stopped on the surface of the upper end of the frame 1, and the adjusting bolts 9 are uniformly distributed on the annular step structure of the auxiliary guide sleeve 7 at intervals.

The automatic feeding device is characterized in that a support 10 is fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the rack 1, a lead screw 11 is arranged on the support 10 in an axially-stopped and circumferential direction capable of rotating, a lead screw nut 12 is movably screwed on the lead screw 11, the lead screw nut 12 is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the cylinder body 4, a first servo motor and a first speed reducer are further fixedly arranged on the rack 1, and the first servo motor outputs power to the lead screw 11 through the first speed reducer. The screw rod 11 is driven to rotate by the first servo motor and the first speed reducer, so that the screw rod nut 12 is driven to ascend or descend, and then the cylinder body 4 is driven to move up and down.

The piston rod 17 inching driving device comprises a second servo motor 13, a second speed reducer, a transmission gear and a transmission rack 14, wherein the second servo motor 13 and the second speed reducer are fixedly installed on the central base 2, the transmission gear can be installed on the central base 2 in a rotating mode, the transmission rack 14 is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the piston rod 17, the transmission gear is meshed with the transmission rack 14, and the second servo motor 13 drives the transmission gear to rotate intermittently through the second speed reducer. A driving and transmission system is formed by a second servo motor 13, a second speed reducer, a coupling and a transmission gear on the central base 2, and drives a transmission rack 14 fixed on the hollow piston rod 17 to perform inching so as to drive the piston rod 17 to perform heavy-load inching movement; the vertical displacement is generally carried out upwards, the structure is simple, the large load can be borne, the inching operation is accurate, the occupied space is small, the transmission is suitable for being carried out in the hollow piston rod 17, and in addition, the transmission can be realized through the screw rod 11 and the nut mechanism except for adopting the gear rack mechanism for transmission.

The transmission gear is a helical gear, and the transmission rack 14 is a helical rack. The helical gear and the helical rack are meshed for transmission, so that the transmission precision is high, and the overall strength is high.

The central base 2 is a circular column structure with a T-shaped cross section, and a middle column body is inserted into the inner side of the lower end of the piston rod 17. The frame 1 and the central base 2 are in a fixed connection structure, and the central base 2 forms a central symmetrical annular columnar structure which is stable in support.

The lower end of the cylinder body 4 is hermetically connected with a piston rod 17 through a second sealing ring 15. The air-tight sealing device is used for realizing the air-tight sealing of the lower end of the cylinder body 4 and avoiding the inert gas in the forming chamber from overflowing under the action of air pressure.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.