阅读说明：本技术 一种集成式止回阀组 (Integrated form check valves ) 是由 不公告发明人 于 2021-06-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种集成式止回阀组,包括阀体,所述阀体的顶部扣合有阀盖,所述阀盖的底部通过滑槽间隙配合有阀杆,所述滑槽的内部设有调节机构。该集成式止回阀组,对阀瓣起到张开后快速扣合的效果,进而避免流体倒灌时因阀瓣并未完全扣合而降低止回效果,且其在长时间使用后回弹下降时,对其弹性进行调节,保证止回的效果,使得阀盖与阀体可实现快速拆装,提升维护便捷性,通过筛网的设置,可阀体的进水端进水时对流体内部杂质进行过滤,避免其进入阀体内对阀瓣造成侵蚀,进而保证其使用效果,延长其使用寿命,通过限位块和限位槽的卡接相连,以及豁槽的设置,使得筛网的拆装更加便捷,方便后续更换或清理。(The invention discloses an integrated check valve group, which comprises a valve body, wherein the top of the valve body is buckled with a valve cover, the bottom of the valve cover is in clearance fit with a valve rod through a sliding groove, and an adjusting mechanism is arranged inside the sliding groove. This integrated form non return valves, play the effect of opening back quick lock to the valve clack, and then reduce the non return effect because of the valve clack is not complete lock when avoiding the fluid to flow backward, and it is when springback descends after using for a long time, adjust its elasticity, guarantee the effect of non return, make quick assembly disassembly can be realized with the valve body to the valve gap, promote and maintain the convenience, setting through the screen cloth, filter the inside impurity of fluid when the end of intaking of valve body is intake, avoid it to cause the erosion to the valve clack in getting into the valve body, and then guarantee its result of use, prolong its life, joint through stopper and spacing groove links to each other, and the setting in opening groove, make the dismouting of screen cloth more convenient, convenient follow-up change or clearance.)

1. The utility model provides an integrated form check valves, includes valve body (1), the top lock of valve body (1) has valve gap (2), there is valve rod (4), its characterized in that bottom of valve gap (2) through spout (3) clearance fit: an adjusting mechanism (6) is arranged inside the sliding chute (3);

the adjusting mechanism (6) comprises a sliding block (601), a first spring (602), a wedge groove (603) and a bolt (604);

slider (601) set up in the inside of spout (3), and the inside sliding connection of the outer wall of slider (601) and spout (3), the bottom of slider (601) supports tightly has first spring (602), the bottom of first spring (602) and the top fixed connection of valve rod (4), the right side processing of slider (601) has wedge groove (603), the inner wall of wedge groove (603) is inlayed and is equipped with bolt (604), and the inner of bolt (604) offsets tightly with the inner wall scarf of wedge groove (603), the outer wall of bolt (604) and the right-hand member below threaded connection of valve gap (2), and the inner of bolt (604) extends to the inside of spout (3).

2. An integrated valve check set as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom of valve rod (4) is equipped with valve clack (5), the top center of valve clack (5) and the bottom fixed connection of valve rod (4).

3. An integrated valve check set as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the valve is characterized in that a through opening (9) is arranged below the valve clack (5), the through opening (9) is processed in the valve body (1), and the valve clack (5) is tightly abutted to the through opening (9) in an embedded mode.

4. An integrated valve check set as claimed in claim 1, wherein: mounting holes (10) are processed on two sides of the valve body (1).

5. An integrated valve check set as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the mounting holes (10) are distributed in an annular equidistant mode.

6. An integrated valve check set as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an installation mechanism (7) is arranged above the valve cover (2);

the mounting mechanism (7) comprises a circular plate (701), a rotating block (702), a spiral groove (703), a clamping rod (704), a sleeve ring (705), a clamping hole (706), an inserting rod (707) and an inserting groove (708);

the outer wall of the circular plate (701) is rotatably connected with a bottom groove of the valve cover (2) through a bearing, a rotating block (702) is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the circular plate (701), a spiral groove (703) is processed at the top of the circular plate (701), clamping rods (704) are arranged on two sides of the top of the spiral groove (703), bottom convex blocks of the clamping rods (704) are meshed with two sides of the inside of the spiral groove (703), a lantern ring (705) is arranged on the left side of the clamping rods (704), the lantern ring (705) is sleeved on the outer wall of the clamping rods (704), the outer wall of the clamping rods (704) is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the lantern ring (705), the bottom of the lantern ring (705) is fixedly connected with two sides of the top of the valve cover (2), clamping holes (706) are arranged on the outer side of the clamping rods (704), the clamping holes (706) are processed above the inside of the inserting rods (707), and the clamping rods (704) are inserted in the clamping holes (706), and the top inclined plane of the clamping rod (704) is abutted against the inner side of the top of the inner wall of the clamping hole (706), the bottom of the inserted rod (707) is fixedly connected with two sides of the top of the valve body (1), the outer wall of the inserted rod (707) is connected with two sides of the interior of the valve cover (2) in an embedded mode through a slot (708), and the slot (708) is processed on two sides of the interior of the valve cover (2).

7. An integrated valve check set as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water inlet end of the valve body (1) is provided with an anti-corrosion mechanism (8);

the erosion prevention mechanism (8) comprises a circular ring (801), an annular groove (802), a second spring (803), a screen (804), a limiting groove (805), a limiting block (806) and a notch (807);

the annular groove (802) is processed inside the water inlet end of the valve body (1), a circular ring (801) is arranged inside the annular groove (802), the outer wall of the circular ring (801) is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the annular groove (802), the inner end of the circular ring (801) is provided with a plurality of second springs (803), one end of the second spring (803) is fixedly connected with the circular ring (801), the other end of the second spring (803) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the circular groove (801), the outer end of the circular ring (801) is tightly propped against the screen (804), the outer wall of the screen (804) is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the annular groove (802), the outer wall of the screen (804) is clamped with a limit block (806) through a limit groove (805), the limiting blocks (806) are fixedly connected to the upper side and the lower side of the inner wall of the annular groove (802), and notches (807) are machined in the outer wall of the screen (804).

8. An integrated valve check set as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the shape of the notch (807) is matched with that of the limit groove (805), and the notch and the limit groove (805) are distributed in a crossed manner.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of integrated check valve groups, in particular to an integrated check valve group.

Background

The check valve is a valve with a circular valve clack and acts by self weight and medium pressure to block the medium from flowing backwards. The check valve is characterized in that the valve clack movement modes are lifting type and swing type, the lifting type check valve is similar to the structure of the check valve, only a valve rod for driving the valve clack is lacked, a medium flows in from an inlet end (lower side) and flows out from an outlet end (upper side), when the inlet pressure is larger than the sum of the weight of the valve clack and the flow resistance of the valve clack, the valve is opened, otherwise, the valve is closed when the medium flows backwards, the swing type check valve is provided with the valve clack which is obliquely arranged and can rotate around a shaft, the working principle is similar to that of the lifting type check valve, the check valve is commonly used as a bottom valve of a water pumping device, the backflow of water can be prevented, and the check valve is combined with the check valve to play a role of safety isolation. The disadvantages are high resistance and poor sealing performance when closed.

Integrated form check valves among the prior art, can not play the effect of opening back quick lock to the valve clack, the fluid reduces the non return effect because of the valve clack is not complete lock when flowing backward easily, and when long-time back-springing down of using, can not adjust its elasticity, and then influence the effect of non return, quick assembly disassembly can not be realized with the valve body to the valve gap simultaneously, influence follow-up maintenance convenience, simultaneously the inside impurity of fluid gets into and causes the erosion to the valve clack easily in the valve body, and then influence its result of use, shorten its life, and the dismouting of screen cloth is convenient inadequately, inconvenient follow-up change or clearance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an integrated check valve group, which solves the problems that the integrated check valve group in the prior art provided in the background art cannot achieve the effect of quickly buckling the valve clack after opening, the check effect is easily reduced because the valve clack is not completely buckled when fluid flows backwards, and the elasticity of the valve clack cannot be adjusted when the valve clack is rebounded and reduced after long-time use, so that the check effect is influenced.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an integrated check valve group comprises a valve body, wherein the top of the valve body is buckled with a valve cover, the bottom of the valve cover is in clearance fit with a valve rod through a sliding groove, and an adjusting mechanism is arranged inside the sliding groove;

the adjusting mechanism comprises a sliding block, a first spring, a wedge groove and a bolt;

the slider sets up in the inside of spout, and the outer wall of slider and the inside sliding connection of spout, the bottom of slider is supported tightly and is had first spring, the bottom of first spring and the top fixed connection of valve rod, the right side processing of slider has the wedge groove, the inner wall in wedge groove is inlayed and is equipped with the bolt, and the inner of bolt offsets tightly with the inner wall wedge surface in wedge groove, the outer wall of bolt and the right-hand member below threaded connection of valve gap, and the inner of bolt extends to the inside of spout. The design can make the valve clack inseparabler when closed like this, and the non return effect is better.

Preferably, the bottom of the valve rod is provided with a valve clack, and the top center of the valve clack is fixedly connected with the bottom of the valve rod.

Preferably, a through opening is arranged below the valve clack, the through opening is processed inside the valve body, and the valve clack is tightly abutted to the through opening in an embedded mode.

Preferably, mounting holes are processed on two sides of the valve body.

Preferably, the mounting holes are distributed in an annular and equidistant mode.

Preferably, an installation mechanism is arranged above the valve cover;

the mounting mechanism comprises a circular plate, a rotating block, a spiral groove, a clamping rod, a sleeve ring, a clamping hole, an inserting rod and an inserting groove;

the outer wall of the circular plate is rotatably connected with the bottom groove of the valve cover through a bearing, a rotating block is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the circular plate, a spiral groove is machined in the top of the circular plate, clamping rods are arranged on two sides of the top of the spiral groove, a bottom bump of each clamping rod is meshed with two sides of the inside of the spiral groove, a lantern ring is arranged on the left side of each clamping rod and is sleeved on the outer wall of each clamping rod, the outer wall of each clamping rod is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the corresponding lantern ring, the bottom of each lantern ring is fixedly connected with two sides of the top of the valve cover, clamping holes are formed in the outer sides of the clamping rods, the clamping holes are machined in the upper portions of the inside of the inserting rods, the clamping rods are inserted into the clamping holes, the top inclined planes of the clamping rods abut against the inner sides of the tops of the clamping holes, the bottoms of the inserting rods are fixedly connected with two sides of the top of the valve body, and the outer walls of the inserting rods are connected with two sides of the inside of the valve cover through inserting grooves in an embedded mode, the slots are processed on two sides of the interior of the valve cover. The design can make the dismouting between valve gap and the valve body convenient and fast more.

Preferably, the water inlet end of the valve body is provided with an anti-corrosion mechanism;

the anti-corrosion mechanism comprises a circular ring, an annular groove, a second spring, a screen, a limiting groove, a limiting block and a notch;

the annular groove is processed inside the end of intaking of valve body, the inside of annular groove is equipped with the ring, the outer wall of ring and the inner wall clearance fit of annular groove, the inner of ring is equipped with a plurality of second springs, the one end and the ring fixed connection of second spring, the other end of second spring and the inner wall fixed connection of annular groove, the outer end of ring is supported tightly there is the screen cloth, the outer wall of screen cloth and the inner wall clearance fit of annular groove, the outer wall of screen cloth has the stopper through the spacing groove joint, both sides about the inner wall of stopper rigid coupling in the annular groove, the outer wall processing of screen cloth has the groove of opening. The design can play the filtering action to the impurity in the fluid like this, avoids causing the erosion to the valve clack.

Preferably, the shape of the notch is matched with that of the limiting groove, and the notch and the limiting groove are distributed in a crossed mode.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the integrated check valve group has the following advantages:

through the matching among the valve body, the valve cover, the sliding groove, the valve cover, the valve clack and the adjusting mechanism, when the device is used, the valve clack can be quickly buckled after being opened through the arrangement of the first spring, so that the non-return effect is prevented from being reduced because the valve clack is not completely buckled when fluid flows backward, and through the abutting arrangement of the wedge groove and the bolt and the clearance fit of the sliding block and the sliding groove, the position of the sliding block can be controlled by rotating the bolt, so that the first spring is extruded, when the first spring rebounds and descends after being used for a long time, the elasticity of the first spring is adjusted, and the non-return effect is ensured;

through the matching among the valve body, the valve cover, the sliding groove, the valve cover, the valve clack and the mounting mechanism, when the device is used, the device can be connected with the clamping rod through the meshing of the spiral groove, so that the clamping rod can concentrically and centripetally or centrifugally slide when the circular plate rotates, and the clamping rod is tightly abutted with the clamping hole through the embedding of the clamping rod, so that the valve cover and the valve body are buckled and fixed, the valve cover and the valve body can be quickly disassembled and assembled, and the maintenance convenience is improved;

through the matching among the valve body, the valve cover, the sliding chute, the valve cover, the valve clack and the erosion prevention mechanism, when the device is used, impurities in the fluid can be filtered when water enters from the water inlet end of the valve body through the arrangement of the screen, the impurities are prevented from entering the valve body to erode the valve clack, the use effect of the device is further ensured, and the service life of the device is prolonged;

simultaneously, the clamping through stopper and spacing groove links to each other to and the setting of opening the groove, make the dismouting of screen cloth more convenient, make things convenient for follow-up change or clearance.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the collar, clamping rod and circular plate of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the screen, the ring and the limiting blocks in FIG. 2;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the screen mesh, the limiting groove and the notch in fig. 5.

In the figure: 1. the valve comprises a valve body, a valve cover, a valve clack, a sliding groove, a valve cover, a valve clack, a regulating mechanism, a sliding block, a valve 602, a first spring, a wedge groove, a 604, a bolt, a valve 7, a mounting mechanism, a 701, a circular plate, a 702, a rotating block, a 703, a spiral groove, a 704, a clamping rod, a 705, a lantern ring, a 706, a clamping hole, a 707, an inserted rod, a 708, an inserting groove, a 8, an anti-corrosion mechanism, an 801, a circular ring, an 802, an annular groove, a 803, a second spring, a 804, a screen, a 805, a limiting groove, a 806, a limiting block, an 807, a notch groove, a 9, a through hole, 10 and a mounting hole.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides an integrated form check valves, which comprises a valve body, the top lock of valve body 1 has valve gap 2, 3 clearance fit has valve rod 4 through spout in the bottom of valve gap 2, valve rod 4 can slide from top to bottom, the bottom of valve rod 4 is equipped with valve clack 5, the top center of valve clack 5 and the bottom fixed connection of valve rod 4, the below of valve clack 5 is equipped with opening 9, opening 9 processing is in the inside of valve body 1, valve clack 5 supports tightly with the gomphosis of opening 9, valve clack 5 can carry out the shutoff to opening 9 when the backward flow, the processing of the both sides of valve body 1 has mounting hole 10, mounting hole 10 is annular equidistance and distributes, the design is convenient for be connected with external pipeline like this, the inside of spout 3 is equipped with adjustment mechanism 6.

The adjusting mechanism 6 comprises a sliding block 601, a first spring 602, a wedge groove 603 and a bolt 604, the sliding block 601 is arranged inside the sliding groove 3, the outer wall of the sliding block 601 is connected with the inside of the sliding groove 3 in a sliding manner, the sliding block 601 can slide when stressed, the bottom of the sliding block 601 is tightly propped against the first spring 602, the bottom of the first spring 602 is fixedly connected with the top of the valve rod 4, the second spring 602 gives downward force to the valve rod 4, the right side of the sliding block 601 is provided with the wedge groove 603, the inner wall of the wedge groove 603 is embedded with the bolt 604, the inner end of the bolt 604 is tightly propped against the wedge surface of the inner wall of the wedge groove 603, the outer wall of the bolt 604 is in threaded connection with the lower portion of the right end of the valve cover 2, the inner end of the bolt 604 extends into the sliding groove 3, the bolt 604 rotates to drive the sliding block 601 to move up and down, and the design can enable the valve flap 5 to be closed more tightly, and the check effect is better;

through the valve body, the valve gap, the spout, the valve gap, cooperation between valve clack and the adjustment mechanism, make the device when using, the setting of the first spring of accessible, can play the effect of opening back quick lock to the valve clack, and then reduce the non return effect because of the valve clack is not complete lock when avoiding the fluid to flow backward, and through the tight setting of support of wedge groove and bolt, and the clearance fit of slider and spout, make the position that the slider can be controlled to the rotation bolt, and then realize the extrusion to first spring, when making it rebound after long-time use descend, adjust its elasticity, guarantee the effect of non return.

The upper part of the valve cap 2 is provided with a mounting mechanism 7, the mounting mechanism 7 comprises a circular plate 701, a rotating block 702, a spiral groove 703, a clamping rod 704, a sleeve ring 705, a clamping hole 706, an inserting rod 707 and a slot 708, the outer wall of the circular plate 701 is rotatably connected with the bottom groove of the valve cap 2 through a bearing, the circular plate 701 can rotate when being stressed, the rotating block 702 is fixedly connected with the top center of the circular plate 701, the spiral groove 703 is processed on the top of the circular plate 701, the clamping rod 704 is arranged on two sides of the top of the spiral groove 703, a bottom bump of the clamping rod 704 is meshed and connected with two sides inside the spiral groove 703, the clamping rods 704 on two sides can be driven to simultaneously centripetally or centrifugally slide when the spiral groove 703 rotates, the sleeve ring 705 is arranged on the left side of the clamping rod 704, the sleeve ring 705 is sleeved on the outer wall of the clamping rod 704, the sleeve ring 705 plays a guiding role on the clamping rod 704, the outer wall of the clamping rod 704 is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the sleeve ring 705, the bottom of the sleeve ring 705 is fixedly connected with two sides of the top of the valve cap 2, the outer side of the clamping rod 704 is provided with a clamping hole 706, the clamping hole 706 is processed above the inner part of the inserting rod 707, the clamping rod 704 is inserted into the clamping hole 706, the top inclined plane of the clamping rod 704 is tightly propped against the inner side of the top of the inner wall of the clamping hole 706, when the clamping rod 704 is tightly propped against the clamping hole 706, the valve cover 2 can be driven to be tightly buckled with the valve body 1, the bottom of the inserting rod 707 is fixedly connected with the two sides of the top of the valve body 1, the outer wall of the inserting rod 707 is connected with the two sides of the inner part of the valve cover 2 in an embedded mode through the inserting groove 708, and the inserting groove 708 is processed on the two sides of the inner part of the valve cover 2, so that the valve cover 2 and the valve body 1 can be more conveniently and quickly disassembled;

through the cooperation between valve body, valve gap, spout, valve gap, valve clack and the installation mechanism for the device is when using, and the accessible helicla flute is connected with the meshing of kelly, makes the kelly can be concentric when the plectane rotates and entad or centrifugal slip, and supports tightly through the gomphosis of kelly and card hole, makes the valve gap fixed with the valve body lock, and then makes valve gap and valve body realize quick assembly disassembly, promotes and maintains the convenience.

The water inlet end of the valve body 1 is provided with an anti-erosion mechanism 8, the anti-erosion mechanism 8 comprises a circular ring 801, an annular groove 802, a second spring 803, a screen 804, a limiting groove 805, a limiting block 806 and a notch 807, the annular groove 802 is processed inside the water inlet end of the valve body 1, the annular groove 802 is internally provided with the circular ring 801, the outer wall of the circular ring 801 is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the annular groove 802, the circular ring 801 can slide, the inner end of the circular ring 801 is provided with a plurality of second springs 803, one end of each second spring 803 is fixedly connected with the circular ring 801, the other end of each second spring 803 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the annular groove 801, the second springs 803 give outward force to the circular ring 801, the outer end of the circular ring 801 is tightly abutted against the screen 804, the screen 804 is made of stainless steel, the mesh number can be determined according to the circumstances, the outer wall of the screen 804 is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the annular groove 802, the outer wall of the screen 804 is clamped with the limiting block 806 through the limiting groove 805, the limiting block 806 is fixedly connected to the upper side and the lower side of the inner wall of the annular groove 802, the outer wall of the screen 804 is provided with a notch 807, the notch 807 is matched with the shape of the limiting groove 805 and is distributed in a crossed manner with the limiting groove 805, the screen 804 can be designed to be aligned with the limiting block 806 to slide into the annular groove 802 when being assembled and disassembled, the screen 804 is rotated to enable the limiting groove 805 to be clamped with the limiting block 806, the screen 804 is installed, otherwise, the screen 804 can be disassembled, the design can play a role in filtering impurities in fluid, and the valve clack 5 is prevented from being corroded;

through the matching among the valve body, the valve cover, the sliding chute, the valve cover, the valve clack and the erosion prevention mechanism, when the device is used, impurities in the fluid can be filtered when water enters from the water inlet end of the valve body through the arrangement of the screen, the impurities are prevented from entering the valve body to erode the valve clack, the use effect of the device is further ensured, and the service life of the device is prolonged;

simultaneously, the clamping through stopper and spacing groove links to each other to and the setting of opening the groove, make the dismouting of screen cloth more convenient, make things convenient for follow-up change or clearance.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: through the arrangement of the first spring 602, the valve flap 5 can be quickly buckled after being opened, so that the check effect is prevented from being reduced due to incomplete buckling of the valve flap 5 when fluid flows backward, the position of the sliding block 601 can be controlled by rotating the bolt 604 through the abutting arrangement of the wedge groove 603 and the bolt 604 and the clearance fit of the sliding block 601 and the sliding groove 3, the first spring 603 is extruded, the elasticity of the first spring is adjusted when the first spring is rebounded and descended after long-time use, the check effect is ensured, the clamping rod 704 can concentrically or centrifugally slide when the circular plate 701 rotates through the meshing connection of the spiral groove 703 and the clamping rod 704, the clamping rod 704 abuts tightly with the clamping hole 706, so that the valve cover 2 is buckled and fixed with the valve body 1, the valve cover 2 and the valve body 1 can be quickly disassembled and assembled, the maintenance convenience is improved, and meanwhile, through the arrangement of the screen 604, but the end of intaking of valve body 1 filters the inside impurity of fluid when intaking, avoids it to cause the erosion to valve clack 5 in getting into valve body 1, and then guarantees its result of use, prolongs its life, and links to each other through stopper 806 and spacing groove 807's joint to and the setting of opening groove 807, make the dismouting of screen cloth 804 more convenient, make things convenient for follow-up change or clearance.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," "secured," "screwed" and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and may be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.