阅读说明：本技术 一种用于体外锻造的工装辅具和锻压设备 (Tool auxiliary tool for external forging and forging equipment ) 是由 刘敬杰 刘凯泉 杨晓禹 周岩 李行波 郭义 王勇岗 于 2021-03-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于体外锻造的工装辅具和锻压设备,属于锻件锻造技术领域,解决了现有压力机无法对超出档距的超大型锻件采用自由锻的方式进行整体成形的问题。本发明的工装辅具,包括梁体、锤头和锻造平台,梁体的一端为锻造侧,锤头设于梁体的锻造侧,梁体的另一端为非锻造侧,梁体的非锻造侧与锻压设备的安装面连接,锻造平台设于锤头的正下方。本发明的工装辅具和锻压设备可用于锻件的锻造。(The invention discloses a tool auxiliary tool and forging equipment for in-vitro forging, belongs to the technical field of forging, and solves the problem that the existing press cannot carry out integral forming on an ultra-large forging exceeding the span in a free forging mode. The tool assistive device comprises a beam body, a hammer head and a forging platform, wherein one end of the beam body is a forging side, the hammer head is arranged on the forging side of the beam body, the other end of the beam body is a non-forging side, the non-forging side of the beam body is connected with an installation surface of forging equipment, and the forging platform is arranged right below the hammer head. The tool assistive device and the forging equipment can be used for forging forgings.)

1. The auxiliary tool for the external forging is characterized by comprising a beam body, a hammer head and a forging platform, wherein one end of the beam body is a forging side, the hammer head is arranged on the forging side of the beam body, the other end of the beam body is a non-forging side, the non-forging side of the beam body is connected with an installation surface of forging equipment, the forging platform is arranged right below the hammer head, and the forging side of the beam body is positioned outside an area defined by upright posts of the forging equipment;

when the beam is implemented, the upper end face of the beam body is connected with a movable cross beam of forging equipment.

2. The tooling auxiliary tool for in-vitro forging is characterized by further comprising a beam connecting piece, wherein the beam connecting piece comprises an upper beam connecting plate and a lower beam connecting plate hung below the upper beam connecting plate;

the upper beam body connecting plate and the lower beam body connecting plate are in cylindrical surface contact;

the upper beam body connecting plate is fixedly connected with the movable cross beam, and the lower beam body connecting plate is fixedly connected with the beam body.

3. The auxiliary tool for the in vitro forging tool according to claim 1, further comprising a hammer head connecting piece, wherein the hammer head connecting piece comprises an upper hammer head connecting plate and a lower hammer head connecting plate hung below the upper hammer head connecting plate;

the upper hammer head connecting plate and the lower hammer head connecting plate are in spherical contact;

the upper hammer head connecting plate is fixedly connected with the forging side of the beam body, and the lower hammer head connecting plate is fixedly connected with the hammer head.

4. The tooling fixture for in-vitro forging according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a spring box, wherein the non-forging side of the beam body is supported on a mounting surface of a forging device through the spring box.

5. The tooling fixture for in-vitro forging of the claim 4, wherein the elastic box comprises a box body, a box cover, a spring and a guide post, one end of the guide post is supported at the bottom of the box body through the spring, the box cover is arranged at the other end of the guide post, a gap is arranged between the box body and the box cover, the box body is arranged on a mounting surface of the forging equipment, and the non-forging side of the beam body is supported on the box cover.

6. The auxiliary tool for the in vitro forging of the claim 5, wherein the elastic box further comprises a spring guide cylinder arranged in the box body and a guide post guide cylinder arranged in the box cover, the spring is arranged in the spring guide cylinder, and the other end of the guide post is inserted into the guide post guide cylinder.

7. The tooling auxiliary tool for in-vitro forging is characterized by further comprising a box body connecting piece, wherein the box body connecting piece comprises an upper box body connecting plate and a lower box body connecting plate hung below the upper box body connecting plate;

the upper box connecting plate and the lower box connecting plate are in cylindrical surface contact;

the upper box connecting plate is fixedly connected with the non-forging side of the beam body, and the lower box connecting plate is fixedly connected with the elastic box.

8. The tooling auxiliary tool for in-vitro forging is characterized by further comprising a rotating platform for driving the blank to rotate, wherein the rotating platform is arranged obliquely below the hammer head and positioned on one side of the forging platform.

9. The tooling fixture for in vitro forging of claim 8, wherein a side of the forging platform facing the rotating platform is conformal with the rotating platform.

10. Forging equipment, characterized in that it comprises a movable cross beam and a tooling aid for in-vitro forging according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of forging of forgings, and particularly relates to a tool auxiliary tool and forging equipment for in-vitro forging.

Background

With the rapid development of the national industries such as energy, chemical industry, aerospace, maritime work and the like, industrial equipment in China gradually evolves towards the trend of integration and large-scale. The manufacture of ultra-large industrial equipment requires ultra-large forgings with excellent quality, on one hand, in order to ensure the service stability of the equipment, structural components in the main equipment tend to be integrated with few welding seams, and on the other hand, the main body size of the equipment is also larger and larger, which leads to the development of the forgings of the formed equipment to an ultra-large diameter or a special-shaped structure. Therefore, the national main equipment manufacturing enterprises and even forging plants build ultra-large presses to forge large forgings.

Certain ultra-large petrochemical vessel equipment (e.g., ethylene oxide and ethylene glycol reactors) are oversized, and the tube plate forgings used by the ultra-large petrochemical vessel equipment are cake forgings with an ultra-large diameter. Due to the limitation of the structural size (such as a span and a column spacing) of the existing press, the existing press cannot integrally form the oversized forged piece exceeding the span in a free forging mode. Therefore, for such an oversized-diameter tube plate, a split forged tailor welded form is generally adopted. But has great manufacturing difficulty in thick plate welding, welding deformation, welding residual stress control and the like. Therefore, the problem that the ultra-large forging cannot be subjected to integral forging due to the size limitation of the existing press is urgently solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a tooling auxiliary tool and forging equipment for in vitro forging, which solve the problem that the existing press machine cannot perform integral forming on an ultra-large forging beyond a span by a free forging method.

The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a tool assistive device for in-vitro forging, which comprises a beam body, a hammer head and a forging platform, wherein one end of the beam body is defined as a forging side, the hammer head is arranged on the forging side of the beam body, the other end of the beam body is defined as a non-forging side, the non-forging side of the beam body is connected with a mounting surface (such as the ground) of forging equipment, the forging platform is arranged under the hammer head, and the forging side of the beam body is positioned outside a region surrounded by upright posts of the forging equipment; the forging side of the beam body, the non-forging side of the beam body, the hammer head and the forging platform are all located outside the forging area of the movable cross beam of the forging equipment.

Further, the connection of the movable cross beam and the beam body is located at the midpoint of the forged side of the beam body and the non-forged side of the beam body.

Furthermore, the hammer is a widening hammer, the width of the anvil is 400-450 mm, and the length of the anvil is 3.5-4.5 m.

Further, the beam body is a plate welding beam body, a forge welding beam body or an integrally forged beam body.

Further, the beam body is a welded beam body.

Further, utensil is assisted to above-mentioned frock still includes roof beam body connecting piece, and the movable cross beam passes through roof beam body connecting piece and roof beam body coupling, and particularly, roof beam body connecting piece includes roof beam body connecting plate and hangs the lower beam body connecting plate of locating the roof beam body connecting plate below, is face of cylinder contact between roof beam body connecting plate and the lower beam body connecting plate, and roof beam body connecting plate and movable cross beam fixed connection, lower beam body connecting plate and roof beam body fixed connection.

Furthermore, the convex radius of the upper beam body connecting plate is smaller than that of the lower beam body connecting plate.

Further, the ratio of the convex radius of the upper beam connecting plate to the concave radius of the lower beam connecting plate is 0.9-0.98: 1.

further, a connecting pin is arranged between the upper beam body connecting plate and the lower beam body connecting plate, and the corresponding connecting pins are connected through a beam body connecting sleeve (for example, a 8-shaped connecting sleeve).

Further, the number of the beam connecting sleeves is multiple, for example, 4.

Further, the beam body connecting piece also comprises an upper anvil block, and the upper beam body connecting plate is fixedly connected with the movable cross beam through the upper anvil block.

Furthermore, a dovetail protrusion is arranged on the upper end face of the upper beam body connecting plate, a dovetail groove is formed in the lower end face of the upper anvil block, and the dovetail protrusion is inserted into the dovetail groove; or the lower end surface of the upper anvil block is provided with a dovetail projection, the upper end surface of the upper beam body connecting plate is provided with a dovetail groove, and the dovetail projection is inserted into the dovetail groove.

Further, utensil is assisted to above-mentioned frock still includes the tup connecting piece, and above-mentioned tup passes through the tup connecting piece and is connected with the forging side of the roof beam body, and particularly, the tup connecting piece includes the tup connecting plate and hangs the lower tup connecting plate of locating last tup connecting plate below, goes up for the sphere contact between tup connecting plate and the lower tup connecting plate, goes up the tup connecting plate and forges side fixed connection with the roof beam body, lower tup connecting plate and tup fixed connection.

Furthermore, the radius of the convex surface of the upper hammer head connecting plate is smaller than the radius of the concave surface of the lower hammer head connecting plate.

Further, the ratio of the convex radius of the upper hammer head connecting plate to the concave spherical radius of the lower hammer head connecting plate is 0.9-0.98: 1.

furthermore, a connecting pin is arranged between the upper hammer head connecting plate and the lower hammer head connecting plate, and the corresponding connecting pins can be connected through hammer head connecting sleeves (for example, 8-shaped connecting sleeves).

Further, the number of the hammer head connecting sleeves is multiple, for example, 2.

Further, the tool assistive device further comprises an elastic box, and the non-forging side of the beam body is supported on the mounting surface of the forging equipment through the elastic box.

Further, the elastic box comprises a box body, a box cover, a spring (such as a disc spring) and a guide pillar, wherein one end of the guide pillar is supported at the bottom of the box body through the spring, the box cover is arranged at the other end of the guide pillar, a gap is formed between the box body and the box cover, the box body is arranged on a mounting surface of the forging and pressing equipment, and the non-forging side of the beam body is supported on the box cover.

Further, the spring comprises a plurality of disc springs arranged along the axial direction of the spring, and the plurality of disc springs form a set of spring.

Furthermore, the elastic box also comprises a spring guide cylinder arranged in the box body and a guide post guide cylinder arranged in the box cover, wherein the spring part is arranged in the spring guide cylinder, and the other end of the guide post is inserted into the guide post guide cylinder.

Further, the spring guide cylinder and the guide post guide cylinder can be both cylindrical in shape.

Furthermore, the number of the springs, the guide pillars, the spring guide cylinders and the guide pillar guide cylinders is multiple, and the springs, the guide pillars, the spring guide cylinders and the guide pillar guide cylinders are in one-to-one correspondence.

Further, utensil is assisted to above-mentioned frock still includes box connecting piece, and the non-forging side of the roof beam body is passed through box connecting piece and is connected with the elastic box, and particularly, box connecting piece includes last box connecting plate and hangs the lower box connecting plate of locating in last box connecting plate below, is face of cylinder contact between last box connecting plate and the lower box connecting plate, goes up box connecting plate and the non-forging side fixed connection of the roof beam body, lower box connecting plate and elastic box fixed connection.

Furthermore, the radius of the convex surface of the upper box connecting plate is smaller than that of the concave surface of the lower box connecting plate.

Further, the ratio of the convex radius of the upper box connecting plate to the concave radius of the lower box connecting plate is 0.9-0.98: 1.

further, a connecting pin is arranged between the upper box connecting plate and the lower box connecting plate, and the corresponding connecting pins can be connected through a connecting sleeve (for example, an 8-shaped connecting sleeve).

Further, the number of the connecting sleeves is multiple, for example, 4.

Further, the tool assistive device further comprises a rotating platform used for driving the blank to rotate, wherein the rotating platform is arranged on the oblique lower portion of the hammer head and on one side of the forging platform.

Further, the rotary platform rotates in a transmission mode of pneumatic, hydraulic or external force pushing.

Further, one side of the forging platform facing the rotating platform is conformal with the rotating platform.

Furthermore, the shape of the rotary platform is circular, the diameter of the rotary platform is smaller than that of the blank, one side of the forging platform, facing the rotary platform, is arc-shaped, and the whole shape of the forging platform is crescent.

The invention provides forging and pressing equipment which comprises a movable cross beam and the tool auxiliary tool for in-vitro forging, wherein the upper end face of a beam body is connected with the movable cross beam.

Further, the forging apparatus is a free forging fluid press, a crank press, a screw press, a friction press or a hammer.

Furthermore, the forging and pressing equipment can be used for the procedures of in-vitro forging, in-vitro reaming, in-vitro upsetting or in-vitro correction and correction of the ultra-large tube plate.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:

a) in the tool assistive device for in-vitro forging, the upper end face of the beam body is connected with the movable cross beam of the forging device through the arrangement of the beam body, the forging side rotates around the non-forging side in the moving process of the movable cross beam to form the shoulder pole beam, compared with the movable cross beam, the moving distance of the forging side is larger than that of the movable cross beam, and the forging forming process is moved outside the press body, so that the tool assistive device is not limited by the structural size (such as span and column spacing) of the forging device, and the ultra-large forging beyond the span is integrally formed in a free forging mode.

b) According to the tool auxiliary for in-vitro forging, due to the arrangement of the elastic box, when the movable cross beam moves downwards and applies load to the beam body, the non-forging side of the beam body is firstly contacted with the elastic box, the elastic box can flexibly support the non-forging side of the beam body, and impact on the non-forging side can be buffered through elastic deformation of the elastic box, so that the tool auxiliary caused by impact is prevented from being broken, the effect of protecting the tool auxiliary is achieved, and the service life of the tool auxiliary is prolonged.

c) In the tool assistive device for in-vitro forging, the forging platform cannot interfere with the rotation of the rotating platform in the rotation process of the rotating platform; in addition, the forging platform and the rotating platform adopting the structure can reduce the diameter of the rotating platform, and effectively solve the problem of how to place the blank on the table top of the turntable when the gantry crane feeds.

d) According to the auxiliary tool for the in-vitro forging, the beam body is in spherical or cylindrical surface contact with the movable cross beam, the hammer head and the elastic box through the arrangement of the beam body connecting piece, the hammer head connecting piece and the box body connecting piece, and the connection between the beam body and the movable cross beam, the connection between the hammer head and the elastic box can be converted into flexible connection, so that the relative sliding and rotation among the beam body, the movable cross beam, the hammer head and the elastic box are ensured, the stability and the high efficiency of the auxiliary tool are guaranteed to the maximum extent while force transmission is realized, and a technical guarantee is provided for the engineering application of in-vitro forging and the mass production of ultra-large tube plates.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.

Drawings

The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the particular invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures.

Fig. 1 is a front view of a tooling auxiliary tool for in-vitro forging according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a side view of a tooling auxiliary tool for in-vitro forging according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of an upper anvil block of a tool aid for in vitro forging according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a front view of an upper beam connecting plate in the auxiliary tool for in-vitro forging according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a side view of a connecting plate of an upper beam body in the auxiliary tool for in-vitro forging according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of an upper beam of the auxiliary tool for in-vitro forging according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a front view of an elastic box in a tooling auxiliary for in-vitro forging according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a front view of a hammer head of the auxiliary tool for in-vitro forging according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a side view of a hammer head of the tooling auxiliary for in-vitro forging according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a front view of a forging platform in the auxiliary tool for in-vitro forging according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a side view of a forging platform in a tooling fixture for in-vitro forging according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1-a beam body; 2-a hammer head; 3-forging the platform; 4-a movable cross beam; 5-connecting the upper beam body; 6-lower beam body connecting plate; 7-an upper anvil block; 8-a flexible box; 81-box body; 82-a box cover; 83-a spring; 84-guide pillars; 85-spring guide cylinder; 86-guide post guide cylinder; 87-upper box connection plate; 88-lower box connecting plate; 9-upper hammer head connecting plate; 10-lower hammer head connecting plate; 11-a rotating platform; 12-blank.

Detailed Description

The preferred invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the term "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, which may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, which may be a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium.

The terms "top," "bottom," "above … …," "below," and "on … …" as used throughout the description are relative positions with respect to components of the device, such as the relative positions of the top and bottom substrates inside the device. It will be appreciated that the devices are multifunctional, regardless of their orientation in space.

The general working surface of the invention can be a plane or a curved surface, can be inclined or horizontal. For convenience of explanation, the embodiments of the present invention are placed on a horizontal plane and used on the horizontal plane, and are defined as "high and low" and "up and down".

Example one

The embodiment provides a utensil is assisted to frock for external forging, refer to fig. 1 to 11, including roof beam body 1, tup 2 and forging platform 3, the one end of definition roof beam body 1 is for forging the side, and the forging side of roof beam body 1 is located to tup 2, and the other end of definition roof beam body 1 is not forged the side, and the non-forging side of roof beam body 1 is connected with the installation face of forging and pressing equipment, and forging platform 3 locates tup 2 under, and the forging side of roof beam body 1 is located the region that the stand 12 of forging and pressing equipment encloses.

In the implementation, the upper end face of the beam body 1 is connected with a movable cross beam 4 of forging equipment, the movable cross beam 4 is positioned between a forging side and a non-forging side, the beam body 1 and the movable cross beam 4 form a shoulder pole beam, and a blank 12 is placed on a forging platform 3; in the activity process of movable cross beam 4, the forging side rotates around the non-forging side, and the movable cross beam 4 of forging equipment can transmit the load applied to the beam body 1 from the inside of the forging equipment to the forging side outside the forging equipment, the hammer 2 forges the blank 12 on the forging platform 3, and the hammer 2 and the forging platform 3 act together to deform the blank 12, so that the external forging of the forging equipment and the forging of the ultra-large forging are realized.

Compared with the prior art, the tool assistive device for in vitro forging provided by the embodiment is characterized in that the upper end face of the beam body 1 is connected with the movable cross beam 4 of forging equipment through the arrangement of the beam body 1, the forging side rotates around the non-forging side in the moving process of the movable cross beam 4 to form the carrying pole beam, compared with the movable cross beam 4, the moving distance of the forging side is greater than that of the movable cross beam 4, and the forging forming process is moved outside the press body, so that the tool assistive device is not limited by the structural size (such as span and column spacing) of the forging equipment, and an ultra-large forging piece exceeding the span is integrally formed in a free forging mode.

From the viewpoint of moment balance, the position of the joint of the movable cross beam 4 and the beam body 1 is adjustable, and for example, the position can be located at the midpoint between the forged side of the beam body 1 and the non-forged side of the beam body 1.

In the case of an ultra-large cake (for example, a cake having a diameter of 7.5m or more), the hammer head 2 is a widening hammer head, that is, a hammer head 2 having a narrow anvil width and a long anvil length, and the size of the widening hammer head is not limited, for example, the anvil width is 400 to 450mm, and the anvil length is 3.5 to 4.5 m. When the hammer head 2 is designed, forging load is considered, the auxiliary tool for in-vitro forging is adopted for conducting forming force, moment balance needs to be considered, the load applied to the hammer head 2 is only half of the actual load of forging equipment, and therefore the anvil width of the expanded hammer head is half of that of the traditional expanded hammer head.

Considering that the beam body 1 is a main force transmission component in the tool auxiliary tool and is used for moving the vertical load of the movable cross beam 4 of the forging equipment to the outer side of the forging equipment (namely, on the hammer head 2), the beam body 1 is exemplarily a plate welding beam body, a forge welding beam body or a whole forging beam body. However, the beam 1 may be a welded beam as long as the mechanical strength is acceptable in view of the returning force of the return cylinder of the forging press.

To roof beam body 1's structure, particularly, it includes that the polylith is along the bearing board that vertical direction arranged and is located the grub bar between two adjacent bearing boards, connect polylith bearing board for whole rectangle box structure through the grub bar, constitute stable in structure's roof beam body 1, adopt bearing board and grub bar to constitute hollow overall structure, on guaranteeing that roof beam body 1 has enough structural strength's basis, can effectively reduce roof beam body 1's whole weight, make it can not exceed the return force that forging and pressing equipment return stroke jar provided, it is convenient and the cost is lower to make, stronger reliability has during the labour service, thereby can improve roof beam body 1's life.

In order to further improve the structural strength of the beam body 1, the beam body further comprises a transverse rib arranged between two adjacent vertical ribs, so that the two adjacent vertical ribs can be connected through the arrangement of the transverse rib, and the structural strength of the beam body 1 is further improved.

In order to further enhance the strength of the lower end surface of the bearing plate, the beam body 1 further comprises a transverse tie bar, for example, a trapezoidal transverse tie bar, arranged on the lower end surface of the bearing plate. Therefore, the strength of the lower end face of the bearing plate can be effectively enhanced through the arrangement of the transverse tie bars, and the force transmission of the bearing plate in the using process is ensured.

It is worth noting that, in the moving process of the movable cross beam 4, the moving of the movable cross beam 4 is up-and-down movement, the moving of the beam body 1 is up-and-down movement and rotation composite movement, in order to make up the movement difference between the movable cross beam 4 and the beam body 1, the tool assistive device further comprises a beam body connecting piece, the movable cross beam 4 is connected with the beam body 1 through the beam body connecting piece, specifically, the beam body connecting piece comprises an upper beam body connecting plate 5 and a lower beam body connecting plate 6 hung below the upper beam body connecting plate 5, the upper beam body connecting plate 5 is in cylindrical surface contact with the lower beam body connecting plate 6, the upper beam body connecting plate 5 is fixedly connected with the movable cross beam 4, and the lower beam body connecting plate 6 is fixedly connected with the beam body 1. Like this, through set up roof beam body connecting piece between movable cross beam 4 and roof beam body 1, the face of cylinder between roof beam body connecting plate 5 and the underbeam body connecting plate 6 slides in the roof beam body connecting piece, can compensate the motion difference between movable cross beam 4 and the roof beam body 1, make roof beam body 1 and movable cross beam 4 follow-up, realize the swing and the rotation of certain range, turn into cylinder flexonics with the rigid connection between roof beam body 1 and movable cross beam 4, avoid movable cross beam 4 and roof beam body 1 to produce too big strong moment of torsion in the junction.

When the beam body 1 is designed, not only the size of a forging applied by external forging, such as the diameter of a tube plate, the length of a cylinder forging and other parameters, but also the load transmitted by the beam body 1 need to be considered, so that the position of the joint of the movable cross beam 4 and the bearing plate adopts an adjustable structure, specifically, the upper end surface of the bearing plate is provided with a plurality of connecting holes, and the lower beam body connecting plate 6 is fixedly connected with the bearing plate through the connecting holes. Therefore, the lower beam body connecting plate 6 is connected with different connecting holes, the position of the connecting part of the movable beam 4 and the bearing plate can be changed, and further the distance that the forging end of the bearing plate extends out of the forging equipment is changed, and it should be noted that the farther the distance that the forging end of the bearing plate extends out of the forging equipment is, the smaller the load of the forging equipment transmitted by the beam body 1 is.

In order to ensure the smoothness of the sliding cylindrical surface between the upper beam connecting plate 5 and the lower beam connecting plate 6, the convex radius of the upper beam connecting plate 5 is smaller than the concave radius of the lower beam connecting plate 6, and exemplarily, the ratio of the convex radius of the upper beam connecting plate 5 to the concave radius of the lower beam connecting plate 6 is 0.9 to 0.98: 1. this is because, the ratio of the convex radius of the upper beam connecting plate 5 to the concave radius of the lower beam connecting plate 6 is limited within the above range, and not only can the smoothness of sliding between the upper beam connecting plate 5 and the lower beam connecting plate 6 be ensured, but also the contact area between the upper beam connecting plate 5 and the lower beam connecting plate 6 can be ensured, thereby effectively resisting impact load.

It is worth noting that the convex radius design of the upper beam connecting plate 5 depends on the maximum offset center distance of the forging equipment and the maximum inclination angle of the bearing plate, and the larger the maximum inclination angle is, the larger the required convex radius of the upper beam connecting plate 5 is, specifically, the convex radius of the upper beam connecting plate 5 is calculated by the following formula:

δ＝R×sinα

delta is the maximum unbalance loading center distance of forging equipment, R is the convex radius of the upper beam body connecting plate 5, and alpha is the maximum inclination angle of the bearing plate.

Illustratively, a connecting pin is arranged between the upper beam body connecting plate 5 and the lower beam body connecting plate 6, and the corresponding connecting pin can be connected through a beam body connecting sleeve (e.g., a 8-shaped connecting sleeve), so as to realize the movable connection between the upper beam body connecting plate 5 and the lower beam body connecting plate 6. In order to ensure stable connection between the upper beam connecting plate 5 and the lower beam connecting plate 6, the number of the beam connecting sleeves is plural, for example, 4, and stable connection between the upper beam connecting plate 5 and the lower beam connecting plate 6 can be achieved by the plural beam connecting sleeves.

In order to realize the stable connection of the upper beam body connecting plate 5 and the movable cross beam 4, the beam body connecting part further comprises an upper anvil 7, and the upper beam body connecting plate 5 is fixedly connected with the movable cross beam 4 through the upper anvil 7. The upper end face of the upper beam body connecting plate 5 is provided with a dovetail protrusion, the lower end face of the upper anvil block 7 is provided with a dovetail groove, and the dovetail protrusion is inserted into the dovetail groove, so that the upper anvil block 7 is rigidly and fixedly connected with the upper beam body connecting plate 5; or, the lower end surface of the upper anvil block 7 is provided with a dovetail projection, the upper end surface of the upper beam body connecting plate 5 is provided with a dovetail groove, and the dovetail projection is inserted into the dovetail groove, so that the upper anvil block 7 and the upper beam body connecting plate 5 are rigidly and fixedly connected.

It is also worth noting that the motion of the beam body 1 is rotation, in order to ensure that the working surface of the hammer 2 can better contact with the blank 12, the tool auxiliary device further comprises a hammer head connecting piece, the hammer 2 is connected with the forging side of the beam body 1 through the hammer head connecting piece, particularly, the hammer head connecting piece comprises an upper hammer head connecting plate 9 and a lower hammer head connecting plate 10 hung below the upper hammer head connecting plate 9, the upper hammer head connecting plate 9 is in spherical contact with the lower hammer head connecting plate 10, the upper hammer head connecting plate 9 is fixedly connected with the forging side of the beam body 1, and the lower hammer head connecting plate 10 is fixedly connected with the hammer head 2. This is because, the forging highly reduces gradually at the deformation in-process, increase along with 2's of tup rolling reduction, roof beam body 1 can take place the tilting of certain degree, through set up the tup connecting piece between 2 and roof beam body 1's the forging side at tup, the sphere between middle-upper tup connecting plate 9 of tup connecting piece and lower tup connecting plate 10 slides, can turn into cylinder flexonics with the rigid connection between 2 and the forging side of roof beam body 1 of tup, make the tup 2 can take place the swing of certain degree, guarantee the forging face of 2's of tup axis perpendicular to blank 12, be surface contact between 2's the working face of tup and the forging face of blank 12, improve the quality of forging gained forging.

In order to guarantee the gliding smoothness nature of sphere between last tup connecting plate 9 and the lower tup connecting plate 10, the convex surface radius of above-mentioned last tup connecting plate 9 is less than the concave surface spherical radius of lower tup connecting plate 10, and exemplarily, the convex surface radius of going up tup connecting plate 9 is 0.9 ~ 0.98 with the concave surface spherical radius's of lower tup connecting plate 10 ratio: 1. this is because, inject the convex surface radius of last tup connecting plate 9 and the concave surface spherical radius of lower tup connecting plate 10 in above-mentioned within range, not only can guarantee to go up the gliding smoothness nature of sphere between tup connecting plate 9 and the lower tup connecting plate 10, can also guarantee to go up the area of contact of tup connecting plate 9 and lower tup connecting plate 10 to effective impact load.

Illustratively, a connecting pin is arranged between the upper hammer head connecting plate 9 and the lower hammer head connecting plate 10, and the corresponding connecting pin can be connected through a hammer head connecting sleeve (e.g., an 8-shaped connecting sleeve), so as to realize the movable connection between the upper hammer head connecting plate 9 and the lower hammer head connecting plate 10. In order to ensure stable connection between the upper hammer head connecting plate 9 and the lower hammer head connecting plate 10, the number of the hammer head connecting sleeves is multiple, for example, 2, and stable connection between the upper hammer head connecting plate 9 and the lower hammer head connecting plate 10 can be realized through the multiple hammer head connecting sleeves.

For the connection between the non-forging side of the beam body 1 and the mounting surface of the forging equipment, in order to buffer the impact on the non-forging side, the tool assistive device further comprises an elastic box 8, and the non-forging side of the beam body 1 is supported on the mounting surface of the forging equipment through the elastic box 8. Like this, through the setting of elastic box 8, when the down motion of movable beam 4 and when exerting load to roof beam body 1, the non-forging side of roof beam body 1 can earlier contact with elastic box 8, elastic box 8 can carry out the flexible support to the non-forging side of roof beam body 1, elastic deformation through elastic box 8 can cushion the impact that the non-forging side received, thereby avoid assisting the utensil emergence fracture by the frock that the impact leads to, play the effect that the utensil is assisted to the protection frock, the life of utensil is assisted to the extension frock.

As for the structure of the spring case 8, specifically, it includes a case 81, a case cover 82, a spring 83 (for example, the spring 83 includes a plurality of disc springs arranged in the axial direction of the spring 83, the plurality of disc springs constitute a set of spring 83), and a guide post 84, one end of the guide post 84 is supported on the bottom of the case 81 by the spring 83, the case cover 82 is covered on the other end of the guide post 84 with a gap between the case 81 and the case cover 82, the case 81 is provided on the mounting surface of the forging apparatus, and the non-forging side of the beam body 1 is supported on the case cover 82. Thus, the cover 82 is supported on the case 81 by the spring 83 and the guide post 84 with a certain clearance from the case 81, and when the movable cross member 4 moves downward and applies a load to the beam body 1, the spring 83 is shortened to move the cover 82 in a direction approaching the case 81, and when the movable cross member 4 moves upward and does not apply a load to the beam body 1, the spring 83 is lengthened to move the cover 82 in a direction away from the case 81, and the elastic deformation of the elastic case 8 is imparted by providing the spring 83 between the case 81 and the cover 82.

Considering that the deformation direction of the spring 83 and the moving direction of the guide post 84 affect the motion stability of the box cover 82 and the non-forging side of the beam body 1, the spring box 8 further includes a spring guide 85 disposed in the box body 81 and a guide post guide 86 disposed in the box cover 82, the spring 83 is partially disposed in the spring guide 85, the other end of the guide post 84 is inserted into the guide post guide 86, and as for the shapes of the spring guide 85 and the guide post guide 86, the shapes of both may be cylindrical, for example. Like this, can lead the deformation direction of spring 83 through spring guide cylinder 85, reduce rocking and the slope of spring 83 in deformation process, can lead the direction of motion of guide pillar 84 through guide pillar guide cylinder 86, reduce rocking and the slope of guide pillar 84 in the motion process to can guarantee the motion stability of case lid 82 and the non-forging side of roof beam body 1.

Illustratively, the number of the springs 83, the guide posts 84, the spring guide cylinders 85 and the guide post guide cylinders 86 is plural, and the springs 83, the guide posts 84, the spring guide cylinders 85 and the guide post guide cylinders 86 correspond to each other one by one, that is, a set of springs 83 is disposed in one spring guide cylinder 85, a set of guide posts 84 is disposed in one guide post guide cylinder 86, and a set of springs 83 is connected with one guide post 84.

It should be noted that, during the movement of the movable cross beam 4, there is also a torque between the beam 1 and the elastic box 8, and therefore, the above-mentioned auxiliary tool for a tool further includes a box connecting member, the non-forged side of the beam 1 is connected to the elastic box 8 through the box connecting member, specifically, the box connecting member includes an upper box connecting plate 87 and a lower box connecting plate 88 hung below the upper box connecting plate 87, the upper box connecting plate 87 and the lower box connecting plate 88 are in cylindrical surface contact, the upper box connecting plate 87 is fixedly connected to the non-forged side of the beam 1, and the lower box connecting plate 88 is fixedly connected to the elastic box 8 (i.e., the box cover 82). Like this, through set up the box connecting piece between the non-forging side of roof beam body 1 and elastic box 8, the face of cylinder between middle and upper box connecting plate 87 of box connecting piece and lower box connecting plate 88 slides, can compensate the motion difference between the non-forging side of roof beam body 1 and elastic box 8, make the non-forging side of roof beam body 1 and elastic box 8 follow-up, realize swing and rotation of certain range, turn into cylinder flexonics with the rigid connection between the non-forging side of roof beam body 1 and elastic box 8, avoid the non-forging side of roof beam body 1 and elastic box 8 to produce too big strong moment of torsion in the junction.

In order to ensure the smoothness of the cylindrical surface sliding between the upper box connecting plate 87 and the lower box connecting plate 88, the convex radius of the upper box connecting plate 87 is smaller than the concave radius of the lower box connecting plate 88, and illustratively, the ratio of the convex radius of the upper box connecting plate 87 to the concave radius of the lower box connecting plate 88 is 0.9-0.98: 1. this is because, by limiting the ratio of the convex radius of the upper tank connecting plate 87 to the concave radius of the lower tank connecting plate 88 within the above range, not only can the smoothness of the sliding of the cylindrical surface between the upper tank connecting plate 87 and the lower tank connecting plate 88 be ensured, but also the contact area between the upper tank connecting plate 87 and the lower tank connecting plate 88 can be ensured, thereby effectively resisting the impact load.

Illustratively, a connecting pin is disposed between the upper case connecting plate 87 and the lower case connecting plate 88, and the corresponding connecting pin can be connected through a case connecting sleeve (e.g., a 8-shaped connecting sleeve), so as to realize the movable connection between the upper case connecting plate 87 and the lower case connecting plate 88. In order to ensure stable connection between the upper case connecting plate 87 and the lower case connecting plate 88, the number of case connecting sleeves is plural, for example, 4, and stable connection of the upper case connecting plate 87 and the lower case connecting plate 88 can be achieved by plural case connecting sleeves.

In order to forge each part of the blank 12, the auxiliary tool further comprises a rotary platform 11 for driving the blank 12 to rotate, wherein the rotary platform 11 is arranged on one side of the forging platform 3 and obliquely below the hammer head 2. That is, the rotary platform 11 is only used for supporting and rotating the blank 12, and the rotary platform 11 does not bear the load of the hammer head 2 during forging of the blank 12 by the hammer head 2. Illustratively, the rotary platform 11 may be rotated in a pneumatic, hydraulic or externally-powered transmission.

Considering that the forging platform 3 is in a stationary state and the rotating platform 11 is in a rotating state during the forging process, in order to avoid interference between the two, the side of the forging platform 3 facing the rotating platform 11 is conformal with the rotating platform 11. Illustratively, the shape of the rotary platform 11 is circular, the diameter of the rotary platform 11 is smaller than that of the blank 12, the forging platform 3 is arc-shaped towards the rotary platform 11, and the entire shape of the forging platform 3 may be crescent-shaped. Thus, during the rotation of the rotary platform 11, the forging platform 3 does not interfere with the rotation of the rotary platform 11; in addition, the forging platform 3 and the rotating platform 11 which are in the structure can reduce the diameter of the rotating platform 11, and effectively solve the problem of how to place the blank 12 on the table top of the rotary table when the door-shaped hanging material is fed.

It should be noted that, in the past, the tool for forging is assisted, all the parts are rigidly connected, and the loss of the forging equipment and the tool is large, the tool for external forging provided in this embodiment is assisted, through the arrangement of the beam body connecting piece, the hammer head connecting piece and the box body connecting piece, the beam body 1 and the movable cross beam 4, and the hammer head 2 and the elastic box 8 are all in spherical surface or cylindrical surface contact, and the connection between the beam body 1 and the movable cross beam 4, and between the hammer head 2 and the elastic box 8 can be converted into flexible connection, so that the relative sliding and rotation between the four parts are ensured, while force transmission is realized, the stability and the high efficiency of the tool are ensured to the maximum, and a technical guarantee is provided for realizing the engineering application of external forging and the mass production of ultra-large tube plates.

Example two

The embodiment provides a forging and pressing device, which comprises a movable cross beam and a tool assistive device for in-vitro forging provided by the embodiment one, wherein the upper end surface of a beam body is connected with the movable cross beam.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the forging and pressing equipment provided by the embodiment are basically the same as the beneficial effects of the tool auxiliary tool for in-vitro forging provided by the embodiment one, and are not repeated herein.

Illustratively, the forging apparatus is a free forging hydraulic press, a crank press, a screw press, a friction press, or a hammer.

The forging equipment can be used for the procedures of in-vitro forging, in-vitro reaming, in-vitro upsetting or in-vitro correction and correction of the ultra-large tube plate and the like.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.