阅读说明：本技术 利用等离子体防止二恶英低温合成的垃圾焚烧系统和方法 (Garbage incineration system and method for preventing dioxin from being synthesized at low temperature by using plasma ) 是由 王斌武 李志伟 何秀锦 于 2019-05-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种利用等离子体防止二恶英低温合成的垃圾焚烧系统和方法,垃圾焚烧系统,包括垃圾焚烧炉、高温换热器、高温除尘器、等离子体装置、低温换热器和烟气净化装置；垃圾焚烧排放的烟气经高温换热器降温后通过高温除尘器,脱除烟气中的灰尘、碳颗粒等大部分固态物质,脱除了作为二恶英低温合成的催化剂；净化后的烟气进入等离子体装置,烟气中的碳颗粒和含碳有机物经过等离子体处理后转变成二氧化碳和水,消除了二恶英低温合成所必须的碳颗粒和含碳有机物,在二恶英的低温合成的200℃至400℃的范围内,烟气中缺少二恶英低温合成所需的催化剂、以及碳颗粒和含碳有机物,有效防止了二恶英的低温合成,减少垃圾焚烧对环境的污染。(The invention discloses a garbage incineration system and a method for preventing dioxin from being synthesized at low temperature by utilizing plasma, wherein the garbage incineration system comprises a garbage incinerator, a high-temperature heat exchanger, a high-temperature dust remover, a plasma device, a low-temperature heat exchanger and a flue gas purification device; the flue gas discharged by the garbage incineration is cooled by a high-temperature heat exchanger and then passes through a high-temperature dust remover to remove most of solid substances such as dust, carbon particles and the like in the flue gas, and the flue gas is removed to be used as a catalyst for low-temperature synthesis of dioxin; the purified flue gas enters a plasma device, carbon particles and carbon-containing organic matters in the flue gas are converted into carbon dioxide and water after plasma treatment, the carbon particles and the carbon-containing organic matters which are necessary for low-temperature synthesis of dioxin are eliminated, and the flue gas is lack of catalysts, the carbon particles and the carbon-containing organic matters which are needed for low-temperature synthesis of the dioxin within the range of 200-400 ℃ of the low-temperature synthesis of the dioxin, so that the low-temperature synthesis of the dioxin is effectively prevented, and the pollution of waste incineration to the environment is reduced.)

1. The utility model provides an utilize plasma to prevent synthetic msw incineration system of dioxin low temperature which characterized in that: comprises a garbage incinerator (1), a high-temperature heat exchanger (2), a high-temperature dust remover (3), a plasma device (5), a low-temperature heat exchanger (6) and a flue gas purification device (7);

the exhaust port of garbage incinerator (1) with high temperature heat exchanger (2) are connected, high temperature heat exchanger (2) exhanst gas outlet with high temperature dust remover (3) are connected, high temperature dust remover can be arranged in catalyst, dust and the carbon particle of desorption flue gas, high temperature dust remover (3) exhanst gas outlet with plasma device (5) are connected, plasma device (5) can make carbon particle and the carbon-containing organic matter in the flue gas turn into nontoxic carbon dioxide and water, the exhanst gas outlet of plasma device (5) is connected low temperature heat exchanger (6), the exhanst gas outlet of low temperature heat exchanger (6) is connected gas cleaning device (7), the flue gas process exhaust up to standard after gas cleaning device's the purification.

2. The incineration system for preventing the low-temperature synthesis of dioxin using plasma according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a temperature sensor (4) is arranged at the position of a flue gas outlet of the high-temperature dust remover (3), and the temperature sensor (4) is used for monitoring the temperature of the flue gas.

3. The system for incinerating garbage by using plasma to prevent the low-temperature synthesis of dioxin according to claim 2, wherein: the dust removal material of the high-temperature dust remover (3) adopts a porous metal filter material, a porous ceramic filter material or a porous composite filter material.

4. The system for incinerating garbage by using plasma to prevent the low-temperature synthesis of dioxin according to claim 2, wherein: the plasma of the plasma device (5) is equilibrium plasma, namely high-temperature plasma.

5. The system for incinerating garbage by using plasma to prevent the low-temperature synthesis of dioxin according to claim 2, wherein: the plasma of the plasma device (5) is non-equilibrium plasma, namely low-temperature plasma.

6. A refuse incineration method for preventing low-temperature dioxin synthesis using plasma based on the refuse incineration system of claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: introducing high-temperature flue gas generated by burning garbage in the garbage incinerator (1) into a high-temperature heat exchanger (2) to cool the high-temperature flue gas, and reducing the temperature of the flue gas to 450 +/-50 ℃;

step two: introducing the cooled flue gas into a high-temperature dust remover (3) for dust removal and purification treatment, and removing catalysts, dust and carbon particles in the flue gas by the high-temperature dust remover (3);

step three: the flue gas purified by the high-temperature dust remover (3) enters a plasma device (5), residual carbon particles and carbon-containing organic matters in the flue gas are treated by the plasma, and oxidation reaction is carried out to generate carbon dioxide and water;

step four: introducing the flue gas subjected to dust removal purification and plasma treatment into a low-temperature heat exchanger (6), and reducing the temperature of the flue gas to be below 200 ℃ through the low-temperature heat exchanger (6);

step five: the low-temperature flue gas enters a flue gas purification device (7) to be emptied after deacidification, dust removal and dioxin removal purification measures are finished.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of waste incineration, in particular to a waste incineration system and method for preventing dioxin from being synthesized at low temperature by utilizing plasma.

Background

The waste incineration treatment has the advantages of reduction, harmlessness, obvious resource utilization and the like, and is rapidly popularized and applied. However, the incineration treatment of garbage produces dioxin (Dioxins) which is a highly toxic substance, and threatens the living environment of human beings. In the waste incineration process, the generation mode of dioxin comprises the following steps: in-furnace generation and low-temperature synthesis in a tail flue.

By the process of '3T + E', namely, controlling: the burning temperature, the residence time of the flue gas in the furnace, the gas-solid turbulence degree of the flue gas and the excessive air quantity can effectively control the generation of dioxin in the furnace. The low-temperature synthesis principle of dioxin in the tail flue is that the temperature of flue gas in the tail flue ranges from 200 ℃ to 400 ℃, certain metal compounds in fly ash are used as catalysts, and carbon particles and carbon-containing organic matters which are not fully burnt out by garbage react with chlorine to generate dioxin. Because the temperature of the hearth of the garbage incinerator is above 800 ℃, and the temperature of the flue gas at the inlet of the chimney is below 200 ℃, the flue gas generated by garbage incineration inevitably goes through a temperature area for dioxin low-temperature synthesis, and the low-temperature synthesis reaction of the dioxin inevitably occurs. In order to prevent dioxin generated by waste incineration from entering the atmosphere along with flue gas, in the flue gas purification treatment of a waste incineration plant, activated carbon is sprayed into a tail flue to adsorb the dioxin in the flue gas, the activated carbon is captured by a dust removal device and enters fly ash collected by a dust remover, and finally the dioxin in the fly ash causes environmental risks along with the emission of the fly ash into the environment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a waste incineration system and method for preventing dioxin from being synthesized at low temperature by using plasma, which are used for solving the technical problems in the prior art and effectively preventing dioxin from being synthesized at low temperature in the waste incineration process.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

the invention provides a garbage incineration system for preventing dioxin from being synthesized at a low temperature by utilizing plasma, which comprises a garbage incinerator (1), a high-temperature heat exchanger (2), a high-temperature dust remover (3), a plasma device (5), a low-temperature heat exchanger (6) and a flue gas purification device (7);

the exhaust port of garbage incinerator (1) with high temperature heat exchanger (2) are connected, high temperature heat exchanger (2) exhanst gas outlet with high temperature dust remover (3) are connected, high temperature dust remover can be arranged in catalyst, dust and the carbon particle of desorption flue gas, high temperature dust remover (3) exhanst gas outlet with plasma device (5) are connected, plasma device (5) can make carbon particle and the carbon-containing organic matter in the flue gas turn into nontoxic carbon dioxide and water, the exhanst gas outlet of plasma device (5) is connected low temperature heat exchanger (6), the exhanst gas outlet of low temperature heat exchanger (6) is connected gas cleaning device (7), the flue gas process exhaust up to standard after gas cleaning device's the purification.

Preferably, a temperature sensor (4) is arranged at the position of a flue gas outlet of the high-temperature dust remover (3), and the temperature sensor (4) is used for monitoring the temperature of the flue gas.

Preferably, the dedusting material of the high-temperature deduster (3) adopts a porous metal filtering material, a porous ceramic filtering material or a porous composite filtering material.

Preferably, the plasma of the plasma device (5) is an equilibrium plasma, i.e. a high temperature plasma.

Preferably, the plasma of the plasma device (5) is non-equilibrium plasma, i.e. low-temperature plasma.

The invention also discloses a method for preventing the low-temperature synthesis of dioxin by utilizing plasma for the waste incineration system based on the plasma in the claim 1, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: introducing high-temperature flue gas generated by burning garbage in the garbage incinerator (1) into a high-temperature heat exchanger (2) to cool the high-temperature flue gas, and reducing the temperature of the flue gas to 450 +/-50 ℃;

step two: introducing the cooled flue gas into a high-temperature dust remover (3) for dust removal and purification treatment, and removing catalysts, dust and carbon particles in the flue gas by the high-temperature dust remover (3);

step three: the flue gas purified by the high-temperature dust remover (3) enters a plasma device (5), residual carbon particles and carbon-containing organic matters in the flue gas are treated by the plasma, and oxidation reaction is carried out to generate carbon dioxide and water;

step four: introducing the flue gas subjected to dust removal purification and plasma treatment into a low-temperature heat exchanger (6), and reducing the temperature of the flue gas to be below 200 ℃ through the low-temperature heat exchanger (6);

step five: the low-temperature flue gas enters a flue gas purification device (7) to be emptied after deacidification, dust removal and dioxin removal purification measures are finished.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

the invention relates to a garbage incineration system for preventing dioxin from being synthesized at low temperature by utilizing plasma, which comprises a garbage incinerator, a high-temperature heat exchanger, a high-temperature dust remover, a plasma device, a low-temperature heat exchanger and a flue gas purification device, wherein the high-temperature dust remover is connected with the plasma device; the temperature of the flue gas discharged by the waste incineration in the waste incinerator is reduced to 450 +/-50 ℃ by a high-temperature heat exchanger, the temperature range is higher than the low-temperature synthesis temperature range of dioxin, and the dioxin cannot be synthesized in the link; then the flue gas passes through a high-temperature dust remover to remove most of solid substances such as dust, carbon particles and the like in the flue gas, so that not only is the catalyst for low-temperature synthesis of dioxin removed, but also the dust, the carbon particles and the like in the flue gas are prevented from wearing a subsequent plasma device and the plasma device is prevented from being blocked; the purified flue gas enters a plasma device, carbon particles and carbon-containing organic matters which are remained in the flue gas and are not burnt out by burning garbage are converted into carbon dioxide and water after being subjected to plasma treatment in the temperature range of 450 +/-50 ℃, and the carbon particles and the carbon-containing organic matters which are necessary for low-temperature synthesis of dioxin are eliminated. The plasma-treated flue gas is cooled to below 200 ℃ in the low-temperature heat exchanger, undergoes a temperature range of 400 ℃ to 200 ℃, and lacks a catalyst, carbon particles and carbon-containing organic matters required by low-temperature synthesis of dioxin in the range of 200 ℃ to 400 ℃ of the low-temperature synthesis of the dioxin, so that the low-temperature synthesis of the dioxin is effectively prevented, and the pollution of waste incineration to the environment is reduced.

Furthermore, a temperature sensor is arranged at the position of a flue gas outlet of the high-temperature dust remover, the temperature of the flue gas is monitored by the temperature sensor, then the combustion condition of the garbage incinerator is adjusted, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is guaranteed to be reduced to 450 +/-50 ℃ through a high-temperature heat exchanger, and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced as much as possible on the premise that the temperature of the flue gas is not lower than 400 ℃.

In the plasma device, residual carbon particles and carbon-containing organic matters in the flue gas are subjected to oxidation reaction with oxygen under the action of the plasma, so that the dioxin is prevented from being generated at low temperature, and the generated products are carbon dioxide and water, so that the environment is not polluted, and the device is safe and environment-friendly.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-a garbage incinerator, 2-a high-temperature heat exchanger, 3-a high-temperature dust remover, 4-a temperature sensor, 5-a plasma device, 6-a low-temperature heat exchanger and 7-a flue gas purification device.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention aims to provide a waste incineration system and method for preventing dioxin from being synthesized at low temperature by using plasma, which are used for solving the technical problems in the prior art and effectively preventing dioxin from being synthesized at low temperature in the waste incineration process.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

As shown in figure 1, the garbage incineration system for preventing dioxin from being synthesized at low temperature by utilizing plasma comprises a garbage incinerator 1, a high-temperature heat exchanger 2, a high-temperature dust remover 3, a temperature sensor 4, a plasma device 5, a low-temperature heat exchanger 6 and a flue gas purification device 7.

The exhaust port of the garbage incinerator 1 is connected with the high-temperature heat exchanger 2, the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the garbage incinerator 1 is cooled through the high-temperature heat exchanger 2, the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger 2 is connected with the high-temperature dust remover 3, most of solid substances such as dust and carbon particles in the flue gas are removed through the high-temperature dust remover, the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature dust remover 3 is connected with the plasma device 5, the carbon particles and carbon-containing organic matters are converted into non-toxic carbon dioxide and water through plasma, the flue gas outlet of the plasma device 5 is connected with the low-temperature heat exchanger 6, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to be below 200 ℃ through the low-temperature heat exchanger 6, the flue gas outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger 6 is connected with the flue gas purification device 7, the purification is further completed through the flue gas purification device, and the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere under the condition that the environment-friendly discharge requirement is met.

The temperature sensor 4 is arranged at the position of the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature dust remover 3, the temperature of the flue gas is monitored by the temperature sensor 4, then the combustion condition of the garbage incinerator 1 is adjusted, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is ensured to be reduced to 450 +/-50 ℃ through the high-temperature heat exchanger 2, the temperature range is higher than the low-temperature synthesis temperature range of dioxin, and the synthesis of the dioxin cannot occur in the link.

The dust removing material of the high-temperature dust remover 3 can adopt a porous metal filtering material, a porous ceramic filtering material or other porous composite filtering materials. The flue gas passes through the high-temperature dust remover, mainly removes and removes the catalyst used for low-temperature synthesis of dioxin, and can remove most solid substances such as dust, carbon particles and the like in the flue gas, thereby avoiding the abrasion of the dust, the carbon particles and the like in the flue gas on a subsequent plasma device and avoiding the blockage of the plasma device.

The plasma of the plasma device 5 may be an equilibrium plasma, i.e., a high-temperature plasma, or a non-equilibrium plasma, i.e., a low-temperature plasma. Carbon particles and carbon-containing organic matters remained in the flue gas after incineration and unburned are converted into carbon dioxide and water after plasma treatment within the temperature range of 450 +/-50 ℃, so that carbon particles and carbon-containing organic matters required by low-temperature synthesis of dioxin are eliminated. The plasma-treated flue gas is cooled to below 200 ℃ in the low-temperature heat exchanger, undergoes a temperature range of 400 ℃ to 200 ℃, and lacks a catalyst, carbon particles and carbon-containing organic matters required by low-temperature synthesis of dioxin in the range of 200 ℃ to 400 ℃ of the low-temperature synthesis of the dioxin, so that the low-temperature synthesis of the dioxin is effectively prevented, and the pollution of waste incineration to the environment is reduced.

Based on the waste incineration system, the invention also provides a waste incineration method for preventing dioxin from being synthesized at low temperature by using plasma, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: introducing flue gas generated by waste incineration into a high-temperature heat exchanger to cool the high-temperature flue gas, wherein the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 450 +/-50 ℃;

step two: introducing the cooled flue gas into a high-temperature dust remover for dust removal and purification treatment, and removing most of solid substances such as dust, carbon particles and the like in the flue gas by the high-temperature dust remover;

step three: the flue gas purified by the high-temperature dust remover enters a plasma device, residual carbon particles in the flue gas and carbon-containing organic matters in the flue gas are treated by the plasma, and the residual carbon particles and the carbon-containing organic matters react with oxygen to generate carbon dioxide and water;

step four: the flue gas after dust removal and purification and plasma treatment is introduced into a low-temperature heat exchanger, and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to below 200 ℃ through a low-temperature heat exchanger 6;

step five: the low-temperature flue gas enters a flue gas purification device, and is discharged into the atmosphere under the condition of meeting the environment-friendly discharge requirement after purification measures such as deacidification, dust removal, dioxin removal and the like are completed.

The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.