阅读说明：本技术 一种地铁隧道变形自动化监测装置及方法 (Automatic subway tunnel deformation monitoring device and method ) 是由 薛陶 王海丰 高斌 赵明喆 李亚修 袁梦军 于 2021-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明是关于一种地铁隧道变形自动化监测装置及方法,该装置包括：固定安装于隧道一侧拱腰的静力水准仪和激光测距仪,以及三处监测点,分别为设置于隧道拱顶的拱顶沉降监测点、设置于另一侧拱腰的净空收敛监测点和设置于道床的道床沉降监测点。本发明提供的方案,能够将静力水准测量技术和激光测距仪测量技术相结合,将静力水准可以测得的绝对沉降和激光测距仪可测得的相对高程、距离相结合,配合一定计算公式即可测得需求的拱顶沉降、净空收敛及道床沉降,可以在满足现场监测需求的同时,极大的降低了自动化监测的成本。(The invention relates to a subway tunnel deformation automatic monitoring device and a method, wherein the device comprises: the system comprises a static level gauge, a laser range finder and three monitoring points, wherein the static level gauge and the laser range finder are fixedly arranged on the arch waist at one side of the tunnel, and the three monitoring points are respectively a vault settlement monitoring point arranged on the arch crown of the tunnel, a clearance convergence monitoring point arranged on the arch waist at the other side and a ballast bed settlement monitoring point arranged on a ballast bed. According to the scheme provided by the invention, the static leveling technology and the laser range finder measuring technology can be combined, the absolute settlement which can be measured by the static leveling and the relative elevation and distance which can be measured by the laser range finder are combined, and the vault settlement, clearance convergence and ballast bed settlement which are required can be measured by matching with a certain calculation formula, so that the on-site monitoring requirement can be met, and meanwhile, the cost of automatic monitoring is greatly reduced.)

1. The utility model provides a subway tunnel deformation automatic monitoring device which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a static level gauge, a laser range finder and three monitoring points, wherein the static level gauge and the laser range finder are fixedly arranged on the arch waist at one side of a tunnel, and the three monitoring points are respectively a vault settlement monitoring point arranged at the arch crown of the tunnel, a clearance convergence monitoring point arranged on the arch waist at the other side and a ballast bed settlement monitoring point arranged on a ballast bed;

the hydrostatic level is used for measuring the absolute settlement value of the position where the hydrostatic level is located; and the laser range finder is used for measuring the relative distance to the clearance convergence monitoring point and the relative elevations of the vault settlement monitoring point and the ballast bed settlement monitoring point.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the monitoring points comprise fixed steel bars, welding irons and reflectors, one ends of the fixed steel bars are fixedly arranged at the vault, the arch and the ballast bed of the tunnel, the other ends of the fixed steel bars are fixed with one side of the welding irons, and the reflectors are arranged on the other side surfaces of the welding irons.

3. The device of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a steering device configured to rotate the laser rangefinder.

4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the steering device comprises a two-axis pan-tilt structure and a pan-tilt control device, the laser range finder is mounted on the two-axis pan-tilt structure, and the pan-tilt control device is connected with the two-axis pan-tilt structure and is used for controlling the steering action of the two-axis pan-tilt structure.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the pan-tilt control device comprises: the processor is used for controlling the steering action of the two-axis holder structure according to the steering control instruction, so that the laser range finder points to each monitoring point.

6. An automatic subway tunnel deformation monitoring method based on the device of any one of claims 1-5, characterized by comprising:

and measuring an absolute settlement value by using the static level gauge to be delta H, measuring an initial relative elevation of the vault settlement monitoring point by using the laser range finder to be H1, and measuring an elevation value obtained by subsequent monitoring to be H1 ', wherein the vault settlement delta H1 is H1' -H1+ delta H.

7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:

the initial relative distance of the clearance convergence monitoring point measured by the laser range finder is L1, and the distance value obtained by subsequent monitoring is L1 ', so that the clearance convergence delta L1 is L1' -L1.

8. The method of claim 6, further comprising:

and measuring the initial relative elevation of the track bed settlement monitoring point by using the laser range finder to be H2, and measuring the subsequent elevation value to be H2 ', so that the track bed settlement delta H2 is delta H- (H2' -H2).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction and deformation measurement, in particular to an automatic monitoring device and method for subway tunnel deformation.

Background

According to the stipulation in the technical standard of urban rail transit tunnel structure maintenance-CJJT-289-2018, the subway tunnel is regularly monitored in the operation period. The common items of surveying of tunnel monitoring are vault settlement, clearance convergence and ballast bed settlement, and because of subway operation demand, current monitoring work generally adopts following two kinds of modes:

1. manual monitoring: in the conventional interval of the subway, a manual monitoring mode is carried out at night regularly. Corresponding monitoring measuring points are distributed on the vault, the arches at two sides and the ballast bed of the tunnel, and a level gauge and a total station are mainly used for carrying out monitoring according to the frequency of 2 times/year or higher. Due to the safety requirement of subway operation, although the cost price is relatively low, manual monitoring needs to ask for a point, eliminate the point and the like, the process is complicated, the work of turning off a power supply, checking and the like is needed, a plurality of departments are matched, and certain potential safety hazards exist in monitoring.

2. Automatic monitoring: in a high risk section, for example, in the case of special geology or the existence of adjacent construction and the like, the automatic monitoring equipment which is fixedly installed is matched with a corresponding measuring point. The high-frequency monitoring is mainly carried out by adopting a total station or a static level matched with the total station. The mode has high automatic monitoring frequency and lower monitoring implementation safety risk, but the purchase and maintenance cost of the adopted equipment is higher.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the related art, the invention provides an automatic subway tunnel deformation monitoring device and method, which can combine a static leveling technology and a laser range finder measuring technology, combine absolute settlement which can be measured by static leveling and relative elevation and distance which can be measured by the laser range finder, meet the field monitoring requirement and greatly reduce the cost of automatic monitoring.

According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an automatic monitoring device for subway tunnel deformation, including: the system comprises a static level gauge, a laser range finder and three monitoring points, wherein the static level gauge and the laser range finder are fixedly arranged on the arch waist at one side of a tunnel, and the three monitoring points are respectively a vault settlement monitoring point arranged at the arch crown of the tunnel, a clearance convergence monitoring point arranged on the arch waist at the other side and a ballast bed settlement monitoring point arranged on a ballast bed;

the hydrostatic level is used for measuring the absolute settlement value of the position where the hydrostatic level is located; and the laser range finder is used for measuring the relative distance to the clearance convergence monitoring point and the relative elevations of the vault settlement monitoring point and the ballast bed settlement monitoring point.

Furthermore, the monitoring points comprise fixed steel bars, welding irons and light reflecting sheets, one ends of the fixed steel bars are fixedly installed at the vault, the arch and the ballast bed of the tunnel, the other ends of the fixed steel bars are fixed with one sides of the welding irons, and the light reflecting sheets are installed on the surfaces of the other sides of the welding irons.

Further, the device also comprises a steering device, and the steering device is configured to drive the laser range finder to rotate.

Further, turn to the device and include two-axis cloud platform structure and cloud platform controlling means, laser range finder install in on two-axis cloud platform structure, cloud platform controlling means with two-axis cloud platform structural connection is used for controlling two-axis cloud platform structure turn to the action.

Further, the pan/tilt control device includes: the processor is used for controlling the steering action of the two-axis holder structure according to the steering control instruction, so that the laser range finder points to each monitoring point.

According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a subway tunnel deformation automatic monitoring method based on the above apparatus, including:

and measuring an absolute settlement value by using the static level gauge to be delta H, measuring an initial relative elevation of the vault settlement monitoring point by using the laser range finder to be H1, and measuring an elevation value obtained by subsequent monitoring to be H1 ', wherein the vault settlement delta H1 is H1' -H1+ delta H.

Further, the method also includes:

the initial relative distance of the clearance convergence monitoring point measured by the laser range finder is L1, and the distance value obtained by subsequent monitoring is L1 ', so that the clearance convergence delta L1 is L1' -L1.

Further, the method also includes:

and measuring the initial relative elevation of the track bed settlement monitoring point by using the laser range finder to be H2, and measuring the subsequent elevation value to be H2 ', so that the track bed settlement delta H2 is delta H- (H2' -H2).

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention can have the following beneficial effects:

can combine together hydrostatic level measurement technique and laser range finder measurement technique, combine together absolute settlement that the hydrostatic level can be surveyed and measurable relative elevation, the distance of laser range finder, cooperate certain computational formula can survey the vault settlement, clearance convergence and the ballast bed settlement of demand, can be when satisfying the on-the-spot monitoring demand, very big reduction the cost of automatic monitoring.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of an automatic monitoring device for subway tunnel deformation and a monitoring principle thereof according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the steering apparatus;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the monitoring point.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

It is to be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of an automatic subway tunnel deformation monitoring device and a monitoring principle thereof according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the apparatus includes: the static level gauge 1 and the laser range finder 2 fixedly installed on one side of the tunnel arch and three monitoring points are respectively a vault settlement monitoring point 3 arranged on the vault of the tunnel, a clearance convergence monitoring point 4 arranged on the arch waist of the other side and a track bed settlement monitoring point 5 arranged on a track bed.

As shown in fig. 1, the absolute settlement value measured by the hydrostatic level 1 is Δ H, the laser distance meter 2 is aligned with the vault settlement monitoring point 3, and thus the initial relative elevation of the vault settlement monitoring point 3 is H1, and the elevation value obtained by subsequent monitoring is H1 ', and then the vault settlement Δ H1 is H1' -H1+ Δ H.

When the laser distance meter 2 is aligned with the clearance convergence monitoring point 4, the initial relative distance of the clearance convergence monitoring point 4 is L1, and the distance value obtained by subsequent monitoring is L1 ', the clearance convergence Δ L1 is L1' -L1.

The laser distance measuring instrument 2 is aligned to the track bed settlement monitoring point 5, so that the initial relative elevation of the track bed settlement monitoring point 5 can be measured to be H2, and the elevation value obtained by subsequent monitoring is H2 ', and then the track bed settlement delta H2 is delta H- (H2' -H2).

Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the apparatus further includes a steering device 6, the steering device 6 includes a two-axis pan-tilt structure 61 and a pan-tilt control device 62, the laser range finder 2 is mounted on the two-axis pan-tilt structure 61, and the pan-tilt control device 62 is connected to the two-axis pan-tilt structure 61 and is configured to control a steering action of the two-axis pan-tilt structure 61.

Two-axis tripod head structure 61 in this embodiment can adopt existing equipment to realize, and it can realize the rotation of level and two directions of every single move, and laser range finder 2 fixed mounting is in two-axis tripod head structure 61's top platform to can change laser range finder 2's measurement direction along with two-axis tripod head structure 61's rotation, make it measure each monitoring point.

In addition, the pan/tilt control device 62 includes: the laser range finder 2 can point to each monitoring point by controlling the steering action of the two-axis tripod head structure 61 according to the steering control instruction, and the related control program can be realized by adopting the existing tripod head control program.

Alternatively, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the monitoring point includes a fixing steel bar 31, a welding iron 32 and a reflector 33, one end of the fixing steel bar 31 is fixedly installed on the arch crown, the arch waist and the track bed of the tunnel, the other end is fixed with one side of the welding iron 32, and the other side of the welding iron 32 is surface-installed with the reflector 33.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.