阅读说明：本技术 一种快速测量深海海底气体渗漏即时通量的装置与方法 (Device and method for rapidly measuring instant flux of deep sea seabed gas leakage ) 是由 李昂 蔡峰 李清 闫桂京 孙运宝 董刚 骆迪 于 2021-07-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及深海环境监测技术领域,具体涉及一种快速测量深海海底气体渗漏即时通量的装置与方法。包括壳体、驱动机构、水合物抑制剂存放容器和气体收集容器。所述驱动机构设置在壳体内,包括水合物抑制剂释放驱动机构和气体收集容器开合驱动机构。所述水合物抑制剂存放容器设置在壳体的下端,与水合物抑制剂释放驱动机构连接,所述气体收集容器设置在水合物抑制剂存放容器的下端,所述气体收集容器的下端设置有容器盖,所述容器盖与气体收集容器开合驱动机构连接。本发明利用机械臂即可完成所有测量过程,通过快速捕获并获得气体体积计算出即时通量,过程直观、操作简便。在测量时使气泡不会快速凝华为固态水合物,提高了获取气体体积的准确性。(The invention relates to the technical field of deep sea environment monitoring, in particular to a device and a method for rapidly measuring the instant flux of deep sea seabed gas leakage. Comprises a shell, a driving mechanism, a hydrate inhibitor storage container and a gas collection container. The driving mechanism is arranged in the shell and comprises a hydrate inhibitor release driving mechanism and a gas collecting container opening and closing driving mechanism. The hydrate inhibitor storage container is arranged at the lower end of the shell and connected with the hydrate inhibitor release driving mechanism, the gas collection container is arranged at the lower end of the hydrate inhibitor storage container, a container cover is arranged at the lower end of the gas collection container, and the container cover is connected with the gas collection container opening and closing driving mechanism. The invention can complete all measuring processes by utilizing the mechanical arm, calculates the instant flux by quickly capturing and obtaining the gas volume, and has intuitive process and simple and convenient operation. During measurement, bubbles are not rapidly desublimated into solid hydrate, and the accuracy of obtaining the gas volume is improved.)

1. The utility model provides a device of the instant flux of quick measurement deep sea seabed gas leakage which characterized in that: comprises a shell (1), a driving mechanism, a hydrate inhibitor storage container (9) and a gas collection container (11); the driving mechanism is arranged in the shell (1) and comprises a hydrate inhibitor release driving mechanism and a gas collection container opening and closing driving mechanism; the hydrate inhibitor storage container (9) is arranged at the lower end of the shell (1) and connected with the output end of the hydrate inhibitor release driving mechanism, the gas collection container (11) is arranged at the lower end of the hydrate inhibitor storage container (9) and communicated with the hydrate inhibitor storage container (9), the lower end of the gas collection container (11) is provided with a container cover (12), and the container cover (12) is connected with the output end of the gas collection container opening and closing driving mechanism.

2. The device for rapidly measuring the immediate flux of deep sea seafloor gas leakage according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the gas hydrate inhibitor release device is characterized in that a driving switch (8) protruding out of the shell (1) is arranged on the outer side wall of the shell (1), and the driving switch (8) is electrically connected with a hydrate inhibitor release driving mechanism and a gas collection container (11) opening and closing driving mechanism.

3. The device for rapidly measuring the immediate flux of deep sea seafloor gas leakage according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the hydrate inhibitor release driving mechanism comprises a first motor (3), a gear (5), a push rod (6) and a piston (7), wherein the output end of the first motor (3) is connected with the gear (5), the gear (5) is connected with the push rod (6), the piston (7) is arranged in a hydrate inhibitor storage container (9), and two ends of the piston (7) are attached to the side wall of the hydrate inhibitor storage container (9); the first motor (3) drives the gear (5) to rotate, and the gear (5) rotates to drive the push rod (6) to move downwards so as to drive the piston (7) to move downwards in the hydrate inhibitor storage container (9).

4. The device for rapidly measuring the immediate flux of deep sea seafloor gas leakage according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the gas collection container opening and closing driving mechanism comprises a second motor (4), a first rotating shaft (13), a connecting belt (14), a second rotating shaft (15) and a return spring (16); the first rotating shaft (13) is connected with the output end of the second motor (4), one end of the connecting belt (14) is connected with the second rotating shaft (15), and the other end of the connecting belt (14) is connected with the container cover (12); the second rotating shaft (15) is used for connecting the container cover (12) and the gas collecting container (11), and the return spring (16) is arranged between the container cover (12) and the gas collecting container (11) and used for returning the container cover (12).

5. The device for rapidly measuring the immediate flux of deep sea seafloor gas leakage according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the hydrate inhibitor storage container (9) is connected with the shell (1) through threads.

6. The device for rapidly measuring the immediate flux of deep sea seafloor gas leakage according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: and a filter disc (10) is arranged between the hydrate inhibitor storage container (9) and the gas collection container (11).

7. The device for rapidly measuring the immediate flux of deep sea seafloor gas leakage according to claim 6, wherein the device comprises: the filter disc (10) is made of titanium alloy materials, a plurality of filter holes are formed in the filter disc (10), and the aperture of each filter hole is 25-30 microns.

8. The device and the method for rapidly measuring the immediate flux of the deep sea seabed gas leakage according to the claim 1, wherein: the gas collecting container (11) is transparent, and scales are arranged on the side wall of the gas collecting container (11).

9. The method for rapidly measuring the immediate flux of deep sea seafloor gas leakage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the device of any one of claims 1 to 8, and comprises the following steps:

s1, preparation before entering water: placing a filter disc (10), adding hydrate liquid inhibitor into a hydrate inhibitor storage container (9), emptying a gas collection container (11), closing a container cover (12), checking that a driving switch (8) is kept in a popup state, and fixing the whole set of equipment on a position which can be clamped by an underwater robot mechanical arm;

s2, starting equipment: when the underwater robot reaches a seabed working area, the top of the equipment is clamped by a mechanical arm, a driving switch (8) is kept in a pressed state, a piston (7) starts to move downwards under the driving of a first motor (3), a hydrate inhibitor is injected into a gas collection container (11), a container cover (12) is opened under the driving of a second motor (4), and the equipment is placed right above a seabed seepage after the container cover (12) is completely opened;

s3, measurement start: when the bubbles start to enter the gas collection container (11), recording the measurement starting time, and observing the state of the bubbles in the gas collection container (11);

s4, finishing measurement: when the gas volume in the gas collection container (11) reaches the vicinity of the maximum scale, the device is removed from the leak, when no bubble enters the gas collection container (11), the measurement end time is recorded, the gas volume is obtained by reading the gas-liquid interface position scale on the gas collection container (11), the gas flux is calculated based on the trapped gas volume and the measurement time, and the container cover (12) is closed;

s5, recovery equipment: the mechanical arm fixes the equipment on the underwater robot, the driving switch (8) is kept in an ejecting state, at the moment, the second motor (4) stops working, and the container cover (12) is closed under the action of the return spring (16) through loosening the connecting belt (14), so that the equipment recovery is completed.

10. The method for rapidly measuring the immediate flux of deep sea seafloor gas leakage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the hydrate inhibitor is set to be methanol or glycol solution.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of deep sea environment monitoring, in particular to a device and a method for rapidly measuring the instant flux of deep sea seabed gas leakage.

Background

The phenomenon that gas leaks into seawater in a free state widely exists in deep sea bottoms in the global range, and the gas comprises hydrocarbon gas mainly comprising methane, carbon dioxide and other carbon-rich fluids, and the gas forms an important part of the carbon input of the global seawater. The acquisition of gas flux has great scientific significance for evaluating specific sea area environmental effects and understanding global carbon cycle. Meanwhile, high-flux submarine hydrocarbon gas leakage can indicate buried natural gas hydrate mineral products, and obtaining gas flux is also an important means for early exploration of hydrates.

Currently, there are two main methods for obtaining the deep sea seabed in-situ gas leakage flux: firstly, use the workstation of sitting at the bottom, this type of device measuring module is many and integrated degree is high, can accomplish the long-time measurement of multi-parameter (several days to several months are unequal). And the second is to use an underwater survey carrier (such as an underwater robot) to directly bring a simple container for measuring the volume above the seabed leakage nozzle for measurement. However, the two methods have problems in timeliness, operability and operation accuracy, and cannot meet the requirements of rapid, simple and multi-point measurement in situ on the seabed.

Specifically, for using the base station, the gas flux data is stored in the device and can be obtained only after recovery (recovery usually varies from days to months), however, in practice, the gas flux sometimes needs to be obtained on site in time to ensure normal development of subsequent operation, and it is difficult for such devices to feed back data in time. In addition, the bottom-sitting workstation needs to be independently set for lowering and recovering operation in the aviation operation, so that more engineering procedures are needed, and the operation is more complicated. Finally, because a plurality of nozzles are usually arranged in the seabed gas leakage area, the position of the workstation cannot be easily changed after the workstation sits on the bottom, only a single gas leakage nozzle can be measured, a plurality of measurements cannot be completed in a short time, and the overall situation of the gas flux of the specific seabed gas leakage area is difficult to reflect.

The biggest problem of measurement by using an underwater survey carrier (such as an underwater robot) is that the temperature and the pressure are usually low and high in a deep water environment, leaked bubbles can be frozen into sphere-like hydrate solids from outside to inside within a few seconds after entering a container, so that a plurality of hydrate solid spheres like grape bunch appear in the container, the gas volume cannot be measured in situ, the underwater carrier is usually pulled until the ambient temperature and pressure conditions do not meet the hydrate formation, the volume in the container is read after the hydrate is decomposed into gas, and part of gas escapes due to disturbance of underwater ocean current in the process, so that the test result is deviated.

In view of the above problems, there is a need to develop a device and a method for rapidly measuring the instant flux of gas leakage from deep sea bottom.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for rapidly measuring the instant flux of deep sea seabed gas leakage.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a device for rapidly measuring the instant flux of gas leakage at the deep sea bottom comprises a shell, a driving mechanism, a hydrate inhibitor storage container and a gas collection container. The driving mechanism is arranged in the shell and comprises a hydrate inhibitor release driving mechanism and a gas collecting container opening and closing driving mechanism. The hydrate inhibitor storage container is arranged at the lower end of the shell and connected with the output end of the hydrate inhibitor release driving mechanism, the gas collection container is arranged at the lower end of the hydrate inhibitor storage container and communicated with the hydrate inhibitor storage container, a container cover is arranged at the lower end of the gas collection container, and the container cover is connected with the output end of the gas collection container opening and closing driving mechanism.

Furthermore, a driving switch protruding out of the shell is arranged on the outer side wall of the shell, and the driving switch is electrically connected with the hydrate inhibitor release driving mechanism and the gas collection container opening and closing driving mechanism.

Further, hydrate inhibitor release actuating mechanism includes first motor, gear, push rod and piston, the output and the gear connection of first motor, the gear is connected with the push rod, the piston sets up and deposits the lateral wall laminating of container and hydrate inhibitor deposit at the both ends of piston and hydrate inhibitor in the hydrate inhibitor deposit container. The first motor drives the gear to rotate, and the gear rotates to drive the push rod to move downwards so as to drive the piston to move downwards in the hydrate inhibitor storage container.

Further, the gas collection container opening and closing driving mechanism comprises a second motor, a first rotating shaft, a connecting belt, a second rotating shaft and a return spring; the first rotating shaft is connected with the output end of the second motor, one end of the connecting belt is connected with the second rotating shaft, and the other end of the connecting belt is connected with the container cover; the second rotating shaft is used for connecting the container cover and the gas collecting container, and the return spring is arranged between the container cover and the gas collecting container and used for returning the container cover.

Further, the hydrate inhibitor storage container is connected with the shell through threads.

Furthermore, a filter disc is arranged between the hydrate inhibitor storage container and the gas collection container.

Furthermore, the filter disc is made of titanium alloy materials, a plurality of filter holes are formed in the filter disc, and the aperture of each filter hole is 25-30 microns.

Furthermore, the gas collecting container is transparent, and scales are arranged on the side wall of the gas collecting container.

A method for rapidly measuring the instant flux of gas leakage in the deep sea bottom comprises the following steps:

s1, preparation before entering water: placing a filter disc, adding a hydrate liquid inhibitor into a hydrate inhibitor storage container, emptying a gas collection container, closing a container cover, checking that a driving switch is kept in a popup state, and fixing the whole set of equipment on a position which can be clamped by a mechanical arm of an underwater robot.

S2, starting equipment: when the underwater robot reaches the seabed working area, the top of the equipment is clamped by a mechanical arm, a driving switch is kept in a pressed state, a piston starts to move downwards under the driving of a first motor, a hydrate inhibitor is injected into a gas collecting container, a container cover is opened under the driving of a second motor, and the equipment is placed right above the seabed leakage after the container cover is completely opened.

S3, measurement start: when the gas bubbles started to enter the gas collection container, the measurement start time was recorded and the state of the gas bubbles in the gas collection container was observed.

S4, finishing measurement: when the gas volume in the gas collection container reaches the position near the maximum scale, the device is removed from the leakage position, when no bubble enters the gas collection container, the measurement ending time is recorded, the gas volume is obtained by reading the scale of the gas-liquid interface position on the gas collection container, the gas flux is calculated based on the captured gas volume and the measurement duration, and the container cover is closed.

S5, recovery equipment: the mechanical arm fixes the equipment on the underwater robot, the driving switch is kept in the popping state, at the moment, the second motor stops working, the container cover is closed under the action of the return spring through the back-loose connecting belt, and the recovery of the equipment is completed.

Further, the hydrate inhibitor is configured as a methanol or ethylene glycol solution.

The invention achieves the following beneficial effects:

the invention can be used in cooperation with an underwater robot, can complete all measurement processes by utilizing the mechanical arm, calculates the instant flux by quickly capturing and obtaining the gas volume, and has intuitive process and simple and convenient operation. In addition, the hydrate inhibitor is continuously and uniformly injected into the collecting container by the device during measurement, so that bubbles are not rapidly desublimated into solid hydrate, and the accuracy of obtaining the gas volume is improved.

The invention has small volume and convenient carrying, can be matched with the conventional operation flow of the underwater robot for use, does not need to be equipped with separate lowering/submerging operation, greatly saves the engineering time and ensures the intuition and timeliness of the measurement compared with the method for measuring the flux by using a submarine workstation.

The underwater robot can independently operate, does not need an underwater vehicle for power supply during operation, is simple in installation and operation, can be measured by an underwater robot operator, does not need additional personnel for operation, and is simpler and more convenient to use and higher in applicability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the connection between the container lid and the gas collection container in the apparatus of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a housing; 2. a battery; 3. a first motor; 4. a second motor; 5. a gear; 6. a push rod; 7. a piston; 8. a drive switch; 9. a hydrate inhibitor storage container; 10. a filter disc; 11. a gas collection vessel; 12. a container cover; 13. a first rotating shaft; 14. a connecting belt; 15. a second rotating shaft; 16. and a return spring.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, specific embodiments thereof are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in figures 1-2, a device for rapidly measuring the instant flux of gas leakage at the bottom of a deep sea is completed by two units, namely a power unit and a collection unit, wherein the power unit comprises:

casing 1, casing 1 sets up to waterproof casing 1, the inside accessory of collection dress.

And a battery 2 for supplying electric power to the first motor 3 and the second motor 4.

And the first motor 3 is connected with the push rod 6 through the gear 5 and provides power for the downward movement of the piston 7. In the embodiment, the gear 5 is driven to rotate by the first motor 3, and then the push rod 6 is driven to move downwards to drive the piston 7 to move downwards. Of course, other drive arrangements known in the art that can effect downward movement of the piston 7 may be substituted.

A second motor 4 for powering the opening and closing of the container lid 12.

And a piston 7, the top of which is connected with the push rod 6, and is used for extruding the hydrate inhibitor from the hydrate inhibitor storage container 9 into a gas collection container 11.

The switch 8 is driven for turning on/off the first motor 3 and the second motor 4. When the mechanical arm clamps the upper part of the whole device in operation, the driving switch 8 is kept pressed, namely, the state is opened. At this point, the piston 7 is gradually moved downward to squeeze the hydrate inhibitor out into the gas collection vessel 11, and the vessel lid 12 is gradually opened. Without the mechanical arm, the drive switch 8 remains in the ejected state, at which point the piston 7 stops moving and the container lid 12 is gradually closed.

The collecting unit includes:

a hydrate inhibitor storage container 9 for holding a liquid hydrate inhibitor (e.g., a thermodynamic inhibitor methanol solution) is connected at its top to the housing 1 by internal threads and is fitted with a waterproof rubber ring.

The filter disc 10 is placed at the bottom of the hydrate inhibitor storage container 9, can be replaced according to actual use conditions, can be made of a titanium alloy material, and has pores with the diameter of 25-30 micrometers uniformly distributed on the surface, and the filter disc is characterized in that: when the pressure difference between the two sides is small, the liquid inhibitor in the hydrate inhibitor storage container 9 and the gas in the gas collection container 11 can be isolated, and when the pressure on one side of the liquid is increased, the liquid can enter the gas collection container 11 below through the filter disc 10.

The gas collecting container 11 is used for collecting gas leaked out from the seabed, is made of transparent materials, is provided with scales on the surface, and is convenient for observing the gas state in the collecting process and recording the volume of the collected gas.

And the container cover 12 is used for sealing the gas collection container 11 after the gas collection is finished and preventing foreign objects from entering and interfering the collected sample, and is connected with the gas collection container 11 through the second rotating shaft 15. The second rotating shaft 15 penetrates through the shell 1 and is connected with the output end of the second motor 4. The arrangement of the above structure is to facilitate waterproofing of the housing 1. One end of the container cover 12 protrudes from the gas collection container 11, and the protruding end is connected to the first rotating shaft 13 by a connecting band 14. The return spring 16 is disposed on the second shaft 15 to ensure that the container cover 12 is in a closed state when no external force is applied. In a specific using process, the second motor 4 works to drive the first rotating shaft 13 penetrating through the shell 1 to rotate, one end of the connecting belt 14 is fixed on the first rotating shaft 13, and when the first rotating shaft 13 rotates, the connecting belt 14 is driven to move upwards in a curling manner, so that the container cover 12 is further driven to be opened. When the second motor 4 stops rotating, the second rotating shaft 15 rotates under the pulling force of the connecting belt 14, and the container cover 12 is closed under the action of the return spring 16. Of course, other actuation mechanisms that effect opening and closing of the container lid 12 are also contemplated in the art.

The step of using the device to perform the measurement of the instantaneous flux of gas leakage from the seabed comprises:

s1, preparation before entering water: filter sheet 10 is placed and hydrate liquid inhibitor is added to hydrate inhibitor storage container 9. The hydrate inhibitor is set to be methanol or glycol solution. In this example, a methanol solution was used. The methanol solution is cheaper and the cost is lower. The action principle is as follows: by inhibiting molecules or ions to increase the competitive power with water molecules, the thermodynamic equilibrium of water and hydrocarbon molecules is changed, and the phase equilibrium curve of the hydrate is moved, so that the purpose of destabilizing the hydrate is achieved. Emptying the gas collection container 11, closing the container cover 12, checking that the driving switch 8 is kept in an ejection state, and fixing the whole set of equipment on a position which can be clamped by a mechanical arm of the underwater robot.

S2, starting equipment: when the underwater robot reaches the seabed working area, the equipment is clamped by a mechanical arm, the driving switch 8 is kept in a pressed state, the piston 7 starts to move downwards under the driving of the first motor 3, hydrate inhibitor is injected into the gas collection container 11, the container cover 12 is opened under the driving of the second motor 4, and the equipment is placed right above the seabed leakage after the container cover 12 is completely opened.

S3, measurement start: when the bubbles start to enter the gas collection container 11, the measurement start time is recorded, the gas collection container is observed instantly by a camera system equipped with the underwater operation robot, the gas collection container is transparent, and the state of the bubbles in the gas collection container 11 is observed, so that no bubbles are frozen into hydrates. In particular, the gradual injection of hydrate inhibitor keeps the gas collection vessel 11 in a gaseous and/or liquid state at all times, i.e. without hydrate formation.

S4, finishing measurement: when the volume of gas in the gas collection container 11 reaches near the maximum level, the apparatus is removed from the leak, when no bubble has entered the gas collection container 11, the end of the measurement is recorded, the volume of gas is obtained by reading the gas-liquid interface position scale on the gas collection container 11, the gas flux is calculated based on the volume of trapped gas and the length of the measurement, and the container lid 12 is closed.

S5, recovery equipment: the mechanical arm fixes the equipment on the underwater robot, the driving switch 8 is kept in the ejection state, at the moment, the second motor 4 stops working, and the container cover 12 is closed under the action of the return spring 16 through loosening the connecting belt 14, so that the recovery of the equipment is completed.

The above-described embodiments of the present invention do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.