阅读说明：本技术 一种纳米膜多堆连续式堆肥方法 (Nano-film multi-pile continuous composting method ) 是由 高帅 高原 于 2021-08-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供的纳米膜多堆连续式堆肥方法包括以下步骤：S1.将收集的农业废弃物调制成堆肥原料后置于发酵仓内；S2.将纳米膜紧密覆盖在密闭仓表面,封闭堆肥原料；S3.在密闭仓底部持续通入空气；S4.将密闭仓内温度控制在65℃～70℃,持续7～10天后停止在密闭仓底部通气；S5.将堆肥原料由发酵仓转移至陈化仓并用纳米膜紧密覆盖,将陈化仓内温度控制在30℃～40℃,间隔7～10天将陈化仓内堆肥原料翻堆一次,翻堆2～5次；S6.堆肥原料出仓；这种方法可以让各小型散户高效的将自家生产的堆肥原料在自家场地转化为肥料,不用与网点来回运转,节约了成本提高了生产效率。(The invention provides a nano-film multi-pile continuous composting method which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing the collected agricultural wastes into compost raw materials and then placing the compost raw materials into a fermentation bin; s2, tightly covering the surface of the closed bin with the nano film, and closing the composting raw materials; s3, continuously introducing air into the bottom of the closed bin; s4, controlling the temperature in the closed bin to be 65-70 ℃, and stopping ventilation at the bottom of the closed bin after the temperature lasts for 7-10 days; s5, transferring the composting raw materials from the fermentation bin to an aging bin, tightly covering the composting raw materials with a nano film, controlling the temperature in the aging bin to be 30-40 ℃, and turning the composting raw materials in the aging bin once every 7-10 days for 2-5 times; s6, discharging the compost raw materials out of the warehouse; the method can enable small-sized scattered households to efficiently convert compost raw materials produced by the households into fertilizers on the household sites, does not need to run back and forth with network points, saves the cost and improves the production efficiency.)

1. A nano-film multi-pile continuous composting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, preparing the collected agricultural wastes into compost raw materials and then placing the compost raw materials into a fermentation bin;

s2, tightly covering the surface of the fermentation bin with the nano film, and sealing the composting raw materials;

s3, continuously introducing air into the bottom of the fermentation bin;

s4, controlling the temperature in the fermentation bin to be 65-70 ℃, and stopping ventilation at the bottom of the fermentation bin after the temperature lasts for 7-10 days;

s5, transferring the composting raw materials from the fermentation bin to an aging bin, tightly covering the composting raw materials with a nano film, controlling the temperature in the aging bin to be 30-40 ℃, and turning the composting raw materials in the aging bin once every 7-10 days for 2-5 times;

and S6, discharging the compost raw materials from a warehouse.

2. The nanofilm multi-pile continuous composting method of claim 1, characterized in that: the composting raw material in the step S1 is prepared by the following method, wherein the moisture content is controlled to be 55-70%, the particle length of the composting raw material is controlled to be 0.1-5 cm, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is controlled to be 20: 1-40: 1, the pH value is controlled to be 5.5-9, the microbial inoculum size is controlled to be 1-2 per mill, the odor content is controlled to be 90-99%, and the composting raw material is formed after the components are mixed.

3. The nanofilm multi-pile continuous composting method of claim 1, characterized in that: in the steps, the plurality of fermentation bins are arranged side by side in a connected mode, the bottom of each fermentation bin is independently ventilated, temperature information is uploaded to the host in real time, and the temperature and ventilation volume in each fermentation bin are observed and regulated in real time through one host.

4. The nanofilm multi-pile continuous composting method of claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, the distance between the nano film and the compost raw material is controlled within 10 cm.

5. The nanofilm multi-pile continuous composting method of claim 1, characterized in that: the fermentation bin is added with a microbial agent, the number of the microbial agent is 1 multiplied by 10/g, and the microbial agent comprises 50% of bacillus subtilis, 20% of bryophyte, 10% of polymyxa, 10% of aspergillus, 5% of nocardia and 5% of bacillus pumilus.

6. The nanofilm multi-pile continuous composting method of claim 1, characterized in that: the nano membrane is formed by attaching e _ PTFE membrane materials with the aperture of 0.02-0.06 mu m between two layers of polyamide fiber material fabrics to form an e _ PTFE functional membrane for composting.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a composting method, in particular to a nano-film multi-pile continuous composting method.

Background

The point source pollution of the feces of small and medium-sized breeding scattered households in various places of China is very serious, and the pollution is a pain point and a blockage point for controlling the feces environment in various places. The number of breeding scattered household sites distributed in a big province of livestock breeding reaches 5000-.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a nano-film multi-pile continuous composting method which can meet the requirement that various small farmers efficiently and conveniently convert straws and excrement into usable fertilizer locally, greatly reduces the waste of resources and saves the cost.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing the collected agricultural wastes into compost raw materials and then placing the compost raw materials into a fermentation bin;

s2, tightly covering the surface of the fermentation bin with the nano film, and sealing the composting raw materials;

s3, continuously introducing air into the bottom of the fermentation bin;

s4, controlling the temperature in the fermentation bin to be 65-70 ℃, and stopping ventilation at the bottom of the fermentation bin after the temperature lasts for 7-10 days;

s5, transferring the composting raw materials from the fermentation bin to an aging bin, tightly covering the composting raw materials with a nano film, controlling the temperature in the aging bin to be 30-40 ℃, and turning the composting raw materials in the aging bin once every 7-10 days for 2-5 times;

and S6, discharging the compost raw materials from a warehouse.

The composting raw material in the step S1 in the technical scheme is prepared by the following method, wherein the moisture is controlled to be 55-70%, the particle length of the composting raw material is controlled to be 0.1-5 cm, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is controlled to be 20: 1-40: 1, the pH value is controlled to be 5.5-9, the microbial inoculum size is controlled to be 1-2 per mill, the odor content is controlled to be 90-99%, and the composting raw material is formed after the components are mixed.

In the above technical scheme, a plurality of fermentation bins are arranged side by side in a connected manner, the bottom of each fermentation bin is independently ventilated, temperature information is uploaded to a host in real time, and the temperature and ventilation volume in each fermentation bin are observed and controlled in real time by one host.

In the technical scheme, the distance between the nano-film and the compost raw materials in the step S2 is controlled within 10 cm.

In the technical scheme, a microbial agent is added into the fermentation bin, the number of the microbial agent is 1 multiplied by 10/g, and the microbial agent comprises 50% of bacillus subtilis, 20% of bryophyte, 10% of polymyxa, 10% of aspergillus, 5% of nocardia and 5% of bacillus pumilus.

In the technical scheme, the nano membrane is formed by attaching an e _ PTFE membrane material with the aperture of 0.02-0.06 mu m between two layers of polyamide fiber material fabrics to form an e _ PTFE functional membrane for composting.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the nano film is covered on the compost raw material, is selectively ventilated, effectively prevents bacteria, viruses, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan and amines from escaping, absorbs and converts carbon-sulfur and carbon-nitrogen organic compounds in the nano film, is ventilated and drenched, quickly reduces the moisture of perishable and wet garbage, and is odorless and harmless to rural environment; ventilating at the bottom of the compost raw material to quickly complete the aerobic fermentation process of the compost raw material, and turning the compost 2-5 times after the compost raw material is turned into an anaerobic ageing period to accelerate the conversion of the compost raw material; a plurality of compost raw materials are arranged side by side in a connected mode, the temperature of each fermentation bin is observed and regulated through a host in real time, different temperatures are regulated and regulated according to the fermentation degrees of the compost raw materials in different fermentation bins, the efficiency can be greatly improved, the method is easy to realize, each scattered household can be realized in a home site according to local conditions, the compost raw materials and the converted fertilizers do not need to be transported back and forth with network points, the compost raw materials at home can be automatically converted into the fertilizers to be reused, the cost is saved, and the efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the nano-film multi-pile continuous composting method of the invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention. All technical characteristics in the invention can be interactively combined on the premise of not conflicting with each other.

Example 1: the multi-pile continuous composting method of the nano-film provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing the collected agricultural wastes into compost raw materials and then placing the compost raw materials into a fermentation bin; each fermentation bin is added with a microbial agent, the number of the microbial agent is 1 multiplied by 10/g, and the microbial agent comprises 50% of bacillus subtilis, 20% of bryophyte, 10% of polymyxa, 10% of aspergillus, 5% of nocardia and 5% of bacillus pumilus, and can quickly mature various organic matters;

s2, tightly covering the surface of a fermentation bin with a nano film, sealing composting raw materials, wherein the nano film is formed by attaching an e _ PTFE film material with the pore diameter of 0.04 mu m between two layers of polyamide fiber material fabrics, so that an e _ PTFE functional film for composting is formed, the nano film is adopted to seal the composting raw materials, and has the advantages that the nano film is selectively breathable, effectively blocks bacteria, viruses, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan and amines from escaping, and absorbs and converts carbon-sulfur and carbon-nitrogen organic compounds inside, the nano film is breathable and moisture permeable, so that moisture of perishable and wet garbage is rapidly reduced, no odor and harm are caused to rural environments, the distance between the nano film and the composting raw materials is controlled to be 7cm, and air inlet water flows back and water vapor is evaporated;

s3, continuously introducing air into the bottom of each fermentation bin, independently introducing air into the bottom of each fermentation bin, controlling the air flow, adjusting the air flow according to the compost raw material conversion condition in each fermentation bin, and quickly finishing the aerobic fermentation process of compost raw materials;

s4, controlling the temperature in the fermentation bin to be 70 ℃, continuously ventilating the bottom of the fermentation bin to accelerate the aerobic fermentation process, stopping ventilating the bottom of the fermentation bin after lasting for 10 days, and continuously ventilating the fermentation bin by setting the temperature of a system and adjusting the air supply quantity in a variable frequency manner after various virus and harmful substances are killed to finish the mineralization process of material fermentation;

s5, transferring the compost raw materials from the fermentation bin to an aging bin, tightly covering the compost raw materials with a nano film, controlling the temperature in the aging bin to be 40 ℃, turning the compost raw materials in the aging bin once every 10 days, and turning the compost raw materials for 2 times, so that the nutrients of the materials are efficiently reserved, and the small molecular organic carbon which is beneficial to plant absorption is fermented. The temperature of the materials after turning is rapidly increased, and anaerobic ageing is continued;

and S6, discharging the compost raw materials out of the bin, discharging the converted compost raw materials out of the bin, supplementing new compost raw materials, and continuously circulating, wherein the volume of the fermentation bin is designed according to the bin feeding amount of 3d materials. The number of fermentation bins is calculated according to the fermentation period of 18 d. Generally, 3d enters the barn once, and then circularly enters and exits the barn, and a group of 6 fermentation barns can be designed, so that the composting requirement of a farm can be met.

The composting raw material in the step S1 is prepared by controlling the water content to 70%, mechanically crushing large-particle-size raw materials such as straws, branches and traditional Chinese medicine residues which form the composting raw material, controlling the particle length to 3cm and the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 30:1, adjusting the pH value by using quicklime, gypsum, acetic acid, calcium superphosphate and the like, controlling the pH value to 5.5, controlling the microbial inoculum amount to 1 per thousand and controlling the odor content to 90%, and mixing the components to form the composting raw material.

A plurality of fermentation storehouses are arranged side by side in an actual production scene in a connected mode, the bottom of each fermentation storehouse is independently ventilated, temperature information is uploaded to a host in real time, the temperature and ventilation quantity in each fermentation storehouse are observed and regulated by the host in real time, material fermentation conditions are analyzed according to a temperature curve, air supply quantity is regulated and controlled by a system or manually, temperature and ventilation quantity in each fermentation storehouse are regulated and controlled, the optimum temperature and ventilation quantity are regulated according to the actual conditions of each fermentation storehouse, and efficiency can be improved to the maximum extent.

The whole method flow is simple and easy to realize, and each farmer can efficiently convert the compost raw materials produced by the farmer in the local area into organic fertilizers for the farmer to use or sell to the surrounding farms, so that the production cost is reduced and the production efficiency is improved.

Example 2: the multi-pile continuous composting method of the nano-film provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing the collected agricultural wastes into compost raw materials and then placing the compost raw materials into a fermentation bin; each fermentation bin is added with a microbial agent, the number of the microbial agent is 1 multiplied by 10/g, and the microbial agent comprises 50% of bacillus subtilis, 20% of bryophyte, 10% of polymyxa, 10% of aspergillus, 5% of nocardia and 5% of bacillus pumilus, and can quickly mature various organic matters;

s2, tightly covering the surface of a fermentation bin with a nano film, sealing composting raw materials, wherein the nano film is formed by attaching an e _ PTFE film material with the pore diameter of 0.04 mu m between two layers of polyamide fiber material fabrics, so that an e _ PTFE functional film for composting is formed, the nano film is adopted to seal the composting raw materials, and has the advantages that the nano film is selectively breathable, effectively blocks bacteria, viruses, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan and amines from escaping, and absorbs and converts carbon-sulfur and carbon-nitrogen organic compounds inside, the nano film is breathable and moisture permeable, so that moisture of perishable and wet garbage is rapidly reduced, no odor and harm are caused to rural environments, the distance between the nano film and the composting raw materials is controlled to be 10cm, and air inlet water flows back and water vapor is evaporated;

s3, continuously introducing air into the bottom of each fermentation bin, independently introducing air into the bottom of each fermentation bin, controlling the air flow, adjusting the air flow according to the compost raw material conversion condition in each fermentation bin, and quickly finishing the aerobic fermentation process of compost raw materials;

s4, controlling the temperature in the fermentation bin to be 65 ℃, continuously ventilating the bottom of the fermentation bin to accelerate the aerobic fermentation process, stopping ventilating the bottom of the fermentation bin after lasting for 7 days, and continuously ventilating the fermentation bin by setting the temperature of a system and adjusting the air supply quantity in a variable frequency manner after various virus and harmful substances are killed to finish the mineralization process of material fermentation;

s5, transferring the compost raw materials from the fermentation bin to an aging bin, tightly covering the compost raw materials with a nano film, controlling the temperature in the aging bin to be 30 ℃, turning the compost raw materials in the aging bin once every 7 days, and turning the compost raw materials for 3 times, so that the nutrients of the materials are efficiently reserved, and the small molecular organic carbon which is beneficial to plant absorption is fermented. The temperature of the materials after turning is rapidly increased, and anaerobic ageing is continued;

and S6, discharging the compost raw materials out of the bin, discharging the converted compost raw materials out of the bin, supplementing new compost raw materials, and continuously circulating, wherein the volume of the fermentation bin is designed according to the bin feeding amount of 3d materials. The number of fermentation bins is calculated according to the fermentation period of 18 d. Generally, 3d enters the barn once, and then circularly enters and exits the barn, and a group of 6 fermentation barns can be designed, so that the composting requirement of a farm can be met.

The composting raw material in the step S1 is prepared by controlling the water content to 55%, mechanically crushing large-particle-size raw materials such as straws, branches and traditional Chinese medicine residues which form the composting raw material, controlling the particle length to 0.5cm and the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 20:1, adjusting the pH value by using quicklime, gypsum, acetic acid, calcium superphosphate and the like, controlling the pH value to 9, controlling the microbial inoculum amount to 1 per thousand and controlling the odor content to 99%, and mixing the components to form the composting raw material.

A plurality of fermentation storehouses are arranged side by side in an actual production scene in a connected mode, the bottom of each fermentation storehouse is independently ventilated, temperature information is uploaded to a host in real time, the temperature and ventilation quantity in each fermentation storehouse are observed and regulated by the host in real time, material fermentation conditions are analyzed according to a temperature curve, air supply quantity is regulated and controlled by a system or manually, temperature and ventilation quantity in each fermentation storehouse are regulated and controlled, the optimum temperature and ventilation quantity are regulated according to the actual conditions of each fermentation storehouse, and efficiency can be improved to the maximum extent.

The whole method flow is simple and easy to realize, and each farmer can efficiently convert the compost raw materials produced by the farmer in the local area into organic fertilizers for the farmer to use or sell to the surrounding farms, so that the production cost is reduced and the production efficiency is improved.

Example 3: the multi-pile continuous composting method of the nano-film provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing the collected agricultural wastes into compost raw materials and then placing the compost raw materials into a fermentation bin; each fermentation bin is added with a microbial agent, the number of the microbial agent is 1 multiplied by 10/g, the microbial agent comprises 50% of bacillus subtilis, 20% of bryophyte, 10% of polymyxa, 10% of aspergillus, 5% of nocardia and 5% of bacillus pumilus, and the microbial agent can quickly mature various organic matters;

s2, tightly covering the surface of a fermentation bin with a nano film, sealing composting raw materials, wherein the nano film is formed by attaching an e _ PTFE film material with the pore diameter of 0.04 mu m between two layers of polyamide fiber material fabrics, so that an e _ PTFE functional film for composting is formed, the nano film is adopted to seal the composting raw materials, and has the advantages that the nano film is selectively breathable, effectively blocks bacteria, viruses, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan and amines from escaping, and absorbs and converts carbon-sulfur and carbon-nitrogen organic compounds inside, the nano film is breathable and moisture permeable, so that moisture of perishable and wet garbage is quickly reduced, the nano film is odorless and harmless to rural environments, the distance between the nano film and the composting raw materials is controlled to be 5cm, and air inlet water flows back and water vapor is evaporated;

s3, continuously introducing air into the bottom of each fermentation bin, independently introducing air into the bottom of each fermentation bin, controlling the air flow, adjusting the air flow according to the compost raw material conversion condition in each fermentation bin, and quickly finishing the aerobic fermentation process of compost raw materials;

s4, controlling the temperature in the fermentation bin to be 68 ℃, continuously ventilating the bottom of the fermentation bin to accelerate the aerobic fermentation process, stopping ventilating the bottom of the fermentation bin after lasting for 8 days, and continuously ventilating the fermentation bin by setting the temperature of a system and adjusting the air supply quantity in a variable frequency manner after various virus and harmful substances are killed to finish the mineralization process of material fermentation;

s5, transferring the compost raw materials from the fermentation bin to an aging bin, tightly covering the compost raw materials with a nano film, controlling the temperature in the aging bin to be 35 ℃, turning the compost raw materials in the aging bin once every 9 days, turning the compost raw materials for 2 times, efficiently retaining material nutrients, and fermenting the small molecular organic carbon which is beneficial to plant absorption. The temperature of the materials after turning is rapidly increased, and anaerobic ageing is continued;

and S6, discharging the compost raw materials out of the bin, discharging the converted compost raw materials out of the bin, supplementing new compost raw materials, and continuously circulating, wherein the volume of the fermentation bin is designed according to the bin feeding amount of 3d materials. The number of fermentation bins is calculated according to the fermentation period of 18 d. Generally, 3d enters the barn once, and then circularly enters and exits the barn, and a group of 6 fermentation barns can be designed, so that the composting requirement of a farm can be met.

The composting raw material in the step S1 is prepared by controlling the water content to 63%, mechanically crushing large-particle-size raw materials such as straws, branches and traditional Chinese medicine residues which form the composting raw material, controlling the particle length to 3cm and the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 40:1, adjusting the pH value by using quicklime, gypsum, acetic acid, calcium superphosphate and the like, controlling the pH value to 7.4, controlling the microbial inoculum amount to 1 per thousand and controlling the odor content to 96%, and mixing the components to form the composting raw material.

A plurality of fermentation storehouses are arranged side by side in an actual production scene in a connected mode, the bottom of each fermentation storehouse is independently ventilated, temperature information is uploaded to a host in real time, the temperature and ventilation quantity in each fermentation storehouse are observed and regulated by the host in real time, material fermentation conditions are analyzed according to a temperature curve, air supply quantity is regulated and controlled by a system or manually, temperature and ventilation quantity in each closed storehouse are regulated and controlled, the optimum temperature and ventilation quantity are regulated according to the actual conditions of each fermentation storehouse, and efficiency can be improved to the maximum extent.

The whole method flow is simple and easy to realize, and each farmer can efficiently convert the compost raw materials produced by the farmer in the local area into organic fertilizers for the farmer to use or sell to the surrounding farms, so that the production cost is reduced and the production efficiency is improved.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.