阅读说明：本技术 减速机用复合蜗轮及复合方法 (Composite worm wheel for speed reducer and composite method ) 是由 林秀薰 杨圆 王�琦 于 2021-07-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种蜗轮:齿体(即轮缘)为青铜材料,而用于支撑轮缘的支撑体(即轮芯)为铸铁材料,减速机用复合蜗轮及复合方法。所述蜗轮的轮芯为球墨铸铁、轮缘为青铜,轮缘过盈套在轮芯上,且轮缘与轮芯的结合面焊接成一体。优点：一是与纯青铜蜗轮相比,材料成本低(节省比例因结构存在一定差异)；二是蜗轮内孔与蜗轮轴之间用键连接,轮芯用球铁材料,与之前的青铜材料对比,具有更好的强度和刚性；三是轮芯改用球铁材料,球铁材料具有比较好的吸振性,确保蜗轮传动更加平稳。(The invention relates to a composite worm wheel for a speed reducer and a composite method, wherein a tooth body (namely a wheel rim) of the worm wheel is made of bronze material, a support body (namely a wheel core) for supporting the wheel rim is made of cast iron material. The wheel core of the worm wheel is made of nodular cast iron, the wheel rim is made of bronze, the wheel rim is sleeved on the wheel core in an interference mode, and the combination surface of the wheel rim and the wheel core is welded into a whole. The advantages are that: firstly, compared with a pure bronze worm gear, the material cost is low (the saving proportion has certain difference due to the structure); secondly, the inner hole of the worm wheel is connected with the shaft of the worm wheel through a key, and the wheel core is made of ductile iron material, so that the wheel core has better strength and rigidity compared with the prior bronze material; thirdly, the wheel core is changed into a ductile iron material, and the ductile iron material has better vibration absorption performance and ensures that worm gear transmission is more stable.)

1. The utility model provides a compound worm wheel for speed reducer, includes the worm wheel, characterized by: the wheel core (3) of the worm wheel is made of nodular cast iron, the wheel rim (2) is made of green steel, the wheel rim (2) is sleeved on the wheel core (3) in an interference mode, and the joint surface of the wheel rim (2) and the wheel core (3) is formed in a girth welding mode.

2. The compound worm wheel for a reduction gear according to claim 1, wherein: the inner hole of the wheel rim (2) is in interference fit with the excircle of the wheel core (3), so that the firmness before welding is ensured to be good and the wheel rim is not easy to fall off.

3. The compound worm wheel for a reduction gear according to claim 1, wherein: the circumferential surfaces of two sides of the joint surface of the wheel rim (2) and the wheel core (3) are provided with V-shaped welding grooves which are welded by welding wires.

4. The compound worm wheel for a reduction gear according to claim 1, wherein: the joint surface of the wheel rim (2) and the wheel core (3) is provided with a lug boss, so that the wheel core is mounted on the wheel rim before welding and has no axial displacement.

5. A compounding method of a compound worm wheel for a speed reducer is characterized by comprising the following steps: the wheel rim and the wheel core are respectively cast by using ZCuAl10Fe3 and QT400 materials through the existing casting process, then the wheel rim and the wheel core are roughly machined on a lathe and then finely machined, after machining is finished, the wheel rim ZCuAl10Fe3 is placed into heating equipment for heating and heat preservation, then the wheel rim and the wheel core are sleeved on a normal-temperature wheel core, after cooling, tight fit of the wheel rim and the wheel core is realized, and finally a V-shaped groove on the end face of a matching part is welded by using a welding wire.

6. The method of assembling a compound worm wheel for a reduction gear according to claim 5, wherein: a V-shaped groove designed on the joint surface of the ZCuAl10Fe3 wheel rim and the QT400 wheel core is filled and leveled by adopting welding wire surfacing.

7. The method of assembling a compound worm wheel for a reduction gear according to claim 5, wherein: the joint surface of the ZCuAl10Fe3 wheel rim and the QT400 wheel core is provided with a plurality of concave-convex joint parts, and the concave-convex joint parts adopt the design of through welding by welding rods.

8. The method of assembling a compound worm wheel for a reduction gear according to claim 5, wherein: the roughing line speed was 200m/min, the feed was 0.3 mm/min.

9. The method of assembling a compound worm wheel for a reduction gear according to claim 5, wherein: the furnace temperature of the heating equipment is 155-180 ℃, preferably 160 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 25-35 minutes.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a composite worm wheel for a speed reducer and a composite method, wherein a tooth body (namely a wheel rim) of the worm wheel is made of bronze material, a support body (namely a wheel core) for supporting the wheel rim is made of cast iron material, and the composite worm wheel belongs to the field of worm wheel manufacturing.

Background

CN101994814A, the name "compound worm wheel", including worm wheel (1), characterized by that worm wheel (1) comprises steel substrate (2) and copper alloy composite bed (4) that sets up on steel substrate (2) teeth of a cogwheel (3). The copper alloy composite layer (4) is compounded on the surface of the gear teeth (3) of the steel matrix (2) through overlaying welding or diffusion. The method has the following defects: the gear teeth of the composite worm gear are not copper alloy, but a copper composite layer is arranged on the surface of the gear teeth of the steel matrix, but in practical application, the main components of the steel, namely iron and copper, are solid-dissolved infinitely in a liquid state and solid-dissolved limitedly in a solid state, and no intermetallic compound is formed between the two. Therefore, the copper composite layer compounded on the steel gear teeth is not reliably and firmly compounded on the steel gear teeth, and secondly, the main difficulty of the copper alloy composite layer when the copper alloy composite layer is built up on the steel gear teeth is that cracks are easy to generate in welding seams and fusion areas, and the copper alloy composite layer has no practicability.

Disclosure of Invention

The design purpose is as follows: the composite worm wheel for the speed reducer and the composite method avoid the defects in the background art, and the composite worm wheel is designed, wherein the worm tooth body of the worm wheel is a bronze tooth body (namely a rim), and the supporting body for supporting the rim is a wheel core.

The design scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above design objectives. On the basis of the background technology, the invention can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost of the worm wheel on the premise of ensuring the original bronze worm wheel and worm precision to be unchanged. For this reason, the invention is in the design of the worm gear structure: 1. the wheel core of the worm wheel is made of nodular cast iron, which is one of the technical characteristics of the invention. The purpose of this design is: the nodular cast iron is low in price, has high and medium strength, medium toughness and plasticity, is good in wear resistance and vibration reduction, can ensure more stable worm gear transmission, has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and good casting process performance, resists serious thermal and mechanical impact, high temperature or low temperature and is good in size stability, so that interference fit formed after the nodular cast iron is matched with a rim in a heating mode has good firmness, and displacement cannot occur in a stressed state. 2. The design of the heated bronze wheel rim hot sleeve on the nodular cast iron wheel core is the second technical characteristic of the invention. The purpose of this design is: because the nodular cast iron has very good dimensional stability, the geometric dimension of the nodular cast iron can hardly change at high temperature or low temperature, and bronze has the characteristics of low melting point, high hardness, strong plasticity, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and bright color, when the nodular cast iron is heated to 155-180 ℃, the aperture of a bronze wheel rim is enlarged due to the thermal expansion of bronze, and when the bronze wheel rim is sleeved on a normal-temperature nodular cast iron wheel core and cooled, the nodular cast iron wheel core is in interference fit and tightly hooped on the wheel core. 3. The combined surface of the wheel rim and the wheel core is provided with the lug boss, so that the wheel rim and the wheel core have no axial displacement before and after welding, and the invention is the third technical characteristic. The purpose of this design is: and the welding wire is subjected to surfacing welding with the rim and the wheel core in the through hole to form a concave-convex combination part between the welding wire and the rim and the wheel core, and the concave-convex combination part can reliably prevent relative displacement between the rim and the wheel core and ensure that teeth on the rim are precisely matched with the worm. 4. The invention has the fourth technical characteristic that the V-shaped welding grooves are arranged on the circumferential surfaces of two sides of the joint surface of the wheel rim and the wheel core, and the V-shaped welding grooves adopt the welding rod welding flat design. The purpose of this design is: the V-shaped grooves are in butt joint in a flat mode, only a specified gap and a specified truncated edge are left, welding at the bottoms of the grooves is carried out during welding, commonly called bottoming, then welding of a filling layer is carried out according to the thickness of base metal, and finally welding of a cover surface layer is carried out.

5. The combined surface of the wheel rim and the wheel core is provided with a plurality of concave-convex combined parts, and the concave-convex combined parts adopt the design of welding rod through welding, which is the fifth technical characteristic of the invention. The purpose of this design is: the concave-convex combination part and the full penetration welding can not only reliably prevent the relative displacement between the wheel rim and the wheel core, but also ensure the precise matching of the teeth on the wheel rim and the worm.

The technical scheme 1: the utility model provides a compound worm wheel for speed reducer, includes the worm wheel, the wheel core of worm wheel is nodular cast iron, the rim is bronze, and the rim interference cover is in the faying face girth welding shaping of wheel core and rim and wheel core.

The technical scheme 2 is as follows: a compounding method of a compound worm gear for a speed reducer adopts the existing casting technology to respectively cast a wheel rim and a wheel core by using ZCuAl10Fe3 and QT400 materials, then rough machining is carried out from a lathe, the wheel rim ZCuAl10Fe3 is put into heating equipment to be heated and insulated after the machining is finished, then the wheel rim ZCuAl10Fe3 is sleeved on the wheel core at normal temperature, the tight fit of the wheel rim and the wheel core is realized after cooling, and finally welding wires are used for welding at a connecting part.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that firstly, compared with the bronze worm wheel, the manufacturing cost is low (the saving proportion has certain difference due to the structure); the inner holes of the two worm gears are connected with the worm gear shaft through keys, and the wheel core is made of ductile iron material, so that the wheel core has better strength and rigidity compared with the prior bronze material; thirdly, the wheel core is changed into a ductile iron material, and the ductile iron material has better vibration absorption performance and ensures that worm gear transmission is more stable.

The detection results show that the following technical indexes are achieved

	Manufacturing cost	Stability of worm gear operation	Composite fastness	Practicality of use
					Background	The manufacturing process is complicated and the cost is high	Difference (D)	Is easy to break and fall off	Has no practicability
The invention	Low manufacturing cost	Is very good	Is firm and not displaced	Practical

Drawings

FIG. 1 is one of the assembly views of a compound worm gear and worm.

Fig. 2 is a second schematic view of the assembly of the compound worm gear and worm.

Detailed Description

Example 1: reference is made to figures 1 and 2. The utility model provides a compound worm wheel for speed reducer, includes the worm wheel, characterized by: the wheel core 3 of worm wheel is nodular cast iron, rim 2 is the cyan steel, and 2 interference covers at the wheel core 3 of rim, and the interference is 0.13 ~ 0.226mm and the faying face girth welding of rim 2 and wheel core 3 is formed. Rim inner diameter: φ 348.4 (+ 0.057/0) wheel core external diameter: φ 348.4 (+ 0.226/+ 0.19).

Example 2: on the basis of embodiment 1, the interference fit surface of the rim 2 and the wheel core 3 is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the through holes are filled and leveled by adopting welding wire surfacing.

Example 3: on the basis of the embodiment 1, V-shaped welding grooves are formed in the circumferential surfaces of two sides of the combined surface of the wheel rim 2 and the wheel core 3, and the V-shaped welding grooves are welded flat by adopting welding wires.

Example 4: in example 1, a plurality of concave-convex joint portions are formed on the joint surface between the rim 2 and the wheel core 3, and the concave-convex joint portions are subjected to through welding with a welding wire.

Example 5: on the basis of embodiment 1, the compounding method of the compound worm gear for the speed reducer comprises the steps of adopting the existing casting process to respectively cast a wheel rim and a wheel core by using ZCuAl10Fe3 and QT400 materials, then putting the wheel rim ZCuAl10Fe3 into heating equipment to heat and preserve heat after the wheel rim and the wheel core are machined on a lathe, then sleeving the wheel core at normal temperature, realizing tight fit of the wheel rim and the wheel core after cooling, and finally welding the wheel rim and the wheel core by using welding wires at a connecting part.

The boss is arranged on the joint surface of the ZCuAl10Fe3 wheel rim and the QT400 wheel core, so that no axial displacement between the wheel rim and the wheel core is ensured before and after welding.

The joint surface of the ZCuAl10Fe3 wheel rim and the QT400 wheel core is provided with a plurality of concave-convex joint parts, and the concave-convex joint parts are subjected to through welding by adopting welding wires. The roughing line speed was 200m/min, the feed was 0.3 mm/min. The furnace temperature of the heating equipment is 155-165 ℃, preferably 160 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 25-35 minutes.

It is to be understood that: although the foregoing embodiments have described the design concept of the present invention in detail, these descriptions are only used for describing the design concept of the present invention in brief, and not for limiting the design concept of the present invention, and any combination, addition or modification that does not exceed the design concept of the present invention falls within the scope of the present invention.