阅读说明：本技术 复合肥颗粒制备的循环分散式烘干系统与工作方法 (Circulating and dispersing type drying system for compound fertilizer particle preparation and working method ) 是由 顾健健 于 2021-06-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种复合肥颗粒制备的循环分散式烘干系统,包括外壳体、内芯和底部颗粒抛射器；外壳体由固定臂固定安装；内芯能在外壳体内上下位移；底部颗粒抛射器设置在外壳体的底部,底部颗粒抛射器能承托等待烘干的复合肥颗粒,且底部颗粒抛射器能将所承托的复合肥颗粒向上抛射到内芯上；本发明的结构简单,第一颗粒坠落环仓和第二颗粒坠落环仓内持续呈分散状坠落的复合肥颗粒四周持续不断的流过高温热空气,从而促进水分蒸发,形成均匀高温空气烘干加热的效果；持续预定时间后,所有的复合肥颗粒都已被烘干,暂停各升降器,最终所有的已烘干复合肥均在重力作用下累积到承料锥腔中。(The invention discloses a circulating and dispersing type drying system for preparing compound fertilizer particles, which comprises an outer shell, an inner core and a bottom particle catapult, wherein the outer shell is provided with a plurality of groups of drying rollers; the outer shell is fixedly installed by a fixed arm; the inner core can move up and down in the outer shell; the bottom particle catapult is arranged at the bottom of the outer shell and can support compound fertilizer particles to be dried, and the bottom particle catapult can upwards catapult the supported compound fertilizer particles onto the inner core; the device has a simple structure, and high-temperature hot air continuously flows around the compound fertilizer particles which continuously fall in a dispersed manner in the first particle falling ring bin and the second particle falling ring bin, so that the evaporation of water is promoted, and the effect of drying and heating uniform high-temperature air is achieved; after the preset time is continued, all the compound fertilizer particles are dried, all the lifters are suspended, and finally all the dried compound fertilizers are accumulated in the material bearing conical cavity under the action of gravity.)

1. Circulating distributed drying system for compound fertilizer particle preparation is characterized in that: comprises an outer shell (103), an inner core (104) and a bottom particle ejector (105); the outer shell (103) is fixedly installed by a fixing arm (107);

the inner core (104) can move up and down in the outer shell (103); the bottom particle ejector (105) is arranged at the bottom of the outer shell (103), the bottom particle ejector (105) can support compound fertilizer particles to be dried, and the bottom particle ejector (105) can eject the supported compound fertilizer particles upwards onto the inner core (104); the particle shooting device is characterized by further comprising a mechanical arm (108), the bottom particle ejector (105) is fixedly mounted on the mechanical arm (108), the mechanical arm (108) can drive the bottom particle ejector (105) to move up and down, and the mechanical arm (108) can drive the bottom particle ejector (105) to change the posture of the bottom particle ejector.

2. The circulating and dispersing type drying system for compound fertilizer particle preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer shell (103) comprises a cylindrical outer wall (109), and a top wall body (122) is integrally arranged at the top end of the cylindrical outer wall (109); a central column (16) extending downwards is coaxially and integrally arranged on the lower side of the top wall body (122), and the lower end of the central column (16) is integrally connected with a conical drainage head (14) with a downward pointed end.

3. The circulating and dispersing type drying system for compound fertilizer particle preparation according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inner core (104) comprises a movable cylinder (126) which is coaxial with the cylindrical outer wall (109), and the upper end and the middle height of the outer wall of the movable cylinder (126) are respectively and integrally provided with a first sealing ring (124) and a second sealing ring (125) coaxially; the first sealing ring (124) and the second sealing ring (125) are in sliding sealing fit with the inner wall of the cylindrical outer wall (109); an annular hot air transition bin (146) is formed between the first sealing ring (124) and the second sealing ring (125);

the inner core (104) further comprises a drainage cone ring sleeve (17) with a thick upper part and a thin lower part, and the outer edge of the upper end of the drainage cone ring sleeve (17) is integrally connected with the inner ring of the upper end of the movable cylinder (126); the axis of the drainage cone ring sleeve (17) is a coaxial sliding sleeve hole (22); the sliding sleeve hole (22) is coaxially matched with the column body outer wall surface (23) of the central column (16) in a sliding manner; the peripheral wall surface of the drainage cone ring sleeve (17) is marked as a movable cone ring outer wall surface (29.2), the peripheral wall surface of the drainage head (14) is marked as a fixed circumferential cone wall surface (29.2), and the downward displacement of the drainage cone ring sleeve (17) can enable the movable cone ring outer wall surface (29.2) to descend to be combined with the fixed circumferential cone wall surface (29.2) to form a particle drainage cone surface (29); an annular air heating bin (123) is formed between the upper surface of the drainage cone ring sleeve (17) and the top wall body (122), an electric heating device (19) is arranged in the air heating bin (123), and the electric heating device (19) can heat air in the air heating bin (123);

the top wall body (122) is provided with a one-way air valve (24) which is communicated and faces downwards, and when negative pressure exists in the air heating bin (123), external air can flow into the air heating bin (123) through the one-way air valve (24); an annular groove (130) is formed in the inner ring at the upper end of the drainage cone ring sleeve (17); an elastic part (120) is arranged between the groove bottom and the top wall body (122) of the annular groove (130), and the elastic part (120) elastically pushes the drainage cone ring sleeve (17) downwards;

an annular particle leaking hopper (143) with an upward semicircular arc-shaped section is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the movable cylinder (126); a plurality of grain leaking holes (142) which are communicated up and down are uniformly distributed on the wall body of the annular grain leaking hopper (143) with the section of an upward semicircular arc, and the diameters of the grain leaking holes (142) are all larger than the outer diameter of compound fertilizer particles; the outer ring at the upper end of the annular grain leaking hopper (143) is integrally connected with the inner wall at the middle height of the movable barrel (126); an annular particle climbing channel (147) is formed between the inner ring at the upper end of the annular particle leaking hopper (143) and the combined particle drainage conical surface (29); the upper space of the annular particle leaking hopper (143) is marked as a first particle falling ring bin (148), and the lower space of the annular particle leaking hopper (143) is marked as a second particle falling ring bin (149).

4. The circulating and dispersing type drying system for compound fertilizer particle preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that: the bottom particle ejector (105) comprises an annular holder platform (113), the annular holder platform (113) being fixed to the end of the robot arm (108); the circular support platform (113) is fixedly provided with a plurality of lifters (110) in a circumferential array, and the circular support platform further comprises a circular sealing disc (112) which is coaxial with the circular support platform (113), wherein the circular sealing disc (112) is fixed on a shell of each lifter (110); the lower end surface (109.1) of the cylindrical outer wall (109) is in sealing contact with the upper surface of the annular sealing disc (112); the inner ring of the annular sealing disc (112) is integrally connected with a conical shell bottom (35) with a downward pointed end; a third sealing ring (114) coaxial with and above the annular sealing disk (112); the upper end of a lifting rod (111) of each lifter (110) is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the third sealing ring (114); so that the lifter (110) can drive the third sealing ring (114) to move up and down;

the outer ring of the third sealing ring (114) is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the lower end of the cylindrical outer wall (109), and an annular exhaust bin (145) is formed between the third sealing ring (114) and the second sealing ring (125); a plurality of supporting piles (119) are distributed on the upper side of the third sealing ring (114) in a circumferential array, the upper ends of the supporting piles (119) are in supporting contact with the lower end face (126.1) of the movable cylinder (126), a communicating gap (140) is formed between every two adjacent supporting piles (119), and the lower end of the exhaust bin (145) is communicated with the periphery of the second particle falling ring bin (149) through the communicating gaps (140);

an upper oscillating conical wall and a lower oscillating conical wall (10) are arranged above the conical shell bottom (35) in parallel, the inner sides of the upper oscillating conical wall and the lower oscillating conical wall (10) are provided with material bearing conical cavities (141), and a conical annular closed air chamber (12) is formed between the upper oscillating conical wall and the conical shell bottom (35); the upper end profile of the upper and lower oscillation conical walls (10) is integrally connected with the inner ring of the third sealing ring (114); the bottom of the upper and lower oscillation conical walls (10) is provided with a concave flexible airtight projectile cloth (36); when the space of the conical annular closed air chamber (12) is completely compressed, the flexible airtight throwing cloth (36) can be quickly arched upwards under the action of air pressure, and compound fertilizer particles on the upper surface of the flexible airtight throwing cloth (36) are thrown upwards;

the lower part of the cylindrical outer wall (109) is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes (100) in a circumferential array in a hollow manner, and the exhaust holes (100) are used for communicating the exhaust bin (145) with the outside;

the side wall of the upper end of the movable cylinder (126) is uniformly provided with a plurality of air inlets (127) in a circumferential array, and the top of the first particle falling annular bin (148) is communicated with the upper end of the annular hot air transition bin (146) through each air inlet (127);

a plurality of first air guide channels (101) are distributed in the drainage cone ring sleeve (17) in a circumferential array; an inlet (101.1) at the upper end of each first air guide channel (101) is communicated with the air heating bin (123), and an outlet (101.2) at the lower end of each first air guide channel (101) is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve hole (22);

the device also comprises a plurality of air ducts (106) distributed in a circumferential array, wherein the leading-out end (106.1) of each air duct (106) is connected to the cylindrical outer wall (109) and communicated with the middle part of the annular hot air transition bin (146);

a plurality of vertical second air guide channels (121) are distributed in the central column (16) in a circumferential array manner, the upper ends of the second air guide channels (121) are respectively communicated with the air inlet ends of the air guide tubes (106), and the lower end introducing ends of the second air guide channels (121) are arranged on the column body outer wall surface (23) of the central column (16); when the outer wall surface (29.2) of the movable conical ring descends to a particle drainage conical surface (29) combined with the fixed circumferential conical wall surface (29.2), the lower end outlet (101.2) of each first air guide channel (101) and the lower end leading-in end of each second air guide channel (121) are mutually staggered and blocked; the ascending motion of the outer wall surface (29.2) of the movable conical ring can enable the lower end outlet (101.2) of each first air guide channel (101) to be communicated with the lower end introducing end of each second air guide channel (121).

5. The circulating and dispersing type drying system for compound fertilizer particle preparation according to claim 4, characterized in that: the elastic component (120) is a spring sleeved at the upper end of the central column (16).

6. The circulating and dispersing type drying system for compound fertilizer particle preparation according to claim 5, characterized in that: the lower end of the outer wall surface (23) of the column body is provided with a limiting outer edge (144).

7. The circulating and dispersing type drying system for compound fertilizer particle preparation according to claim 6, characterized in that: the diameter of each granule leaking hole (142) is larger than the outer diameter of the compound fertilizer granules.

8. The working method of the circulating and dispersing type drying system for compound fertilizer particle preparation according to claim 7, characterized in that:

the initial state setting method comprises the steps that a mechanical arm (108) is controlled to drive a bottom particle ejector (105) to move downwards to be separated from the lower end of an outer shell (103); then, feeding a proper amount of compound fertilizer particles to be dried into a material bearing conical cavity (141) on the inner side of the upper and lower vibration conical walls (10); then the mechanical arm (108) drives the bottom particle catapult (105) to move upwards until the lower end surface (109.1) of the cylindrical outer wall (109) is in sealing contact with the upper surface of the annular sealing disc (112), the outer ring of the third sealing ring (114) is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the lower end of the cylindrical outer wall (109), and the upper ends of a plurality of supporting piles (119) are in supporting contact with the lower end surface (126.1) of the movable cylinder (126); at the moment, the flexible airtight throwing cloth (36) is in a concave state, and the lower end outlet (101.2) of each first air guide channel (101) is communicated with the lower end leading-in end of each second air guide channel (121); meanwhile, the electric heating device (19) continuously heats the air stored in the air heating bin (123) into continuous high-temperature air.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of compound fertilizer preparation.

Background

In the existing roller type dewatering structure, a shoveling plate in the roller can play a role of frying materials in the dewatering process, although the shoveling plate can play a role of frying materials to increase the contact area of hot air and compound fertilizer particles, the compound hypertrophy part in the roller is still in an aggregation state on the whole, and further the dewatering efficiency is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a circulating distributed drying system for preparing compound fertilizer particles with higher drying efficiency and more uniformity and a working method thereof

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the circulating and dispersing type drying system for preparing the compound fertilizer particles comprises an outer shell, an inner core and a bottom particle ejector; the outer shell is fixedly installed by a fixed arm;

the inner core can move up and down in the outer shell; the bottom particle ejector is arranged at the bottom of the outer shell and can support compound fertilizer particles to be dried, and the bottom particle ejector can upwardly eject the supported compound fertilizer particles onto the inner core; the bottom particle catapult is fixedly arranged on the mechanical arm, the mechanical arm can drive the bottom particle catapult to move up and down, and the mechanical arm can drive the bottom particle catapult to change the posture of the bottom particle catapult.

Further, the outer shell comprises a cylindrical outer wall, and a top wall body is integrally arranged at the top end of the cylindrical outer wall; the lower side of the top wall body is coaxially and integrally provided with a central column extending downwards, and the lower end of the central column is integrally connected with a conical drainage head with the pointed end facing downwards.

Further, the inner core comprises a movable cylinder which is coaxial with the cylindrical outer wall, and the upper end and the middle height of the outer wall of the movable cylinder are respectively and integrally provided with a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring which are coaxial; the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are in sliding sealing fit with the inner wall of the cylindrical outer wall; an annular hot air transition bin is formed between the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring;

the inner core also comprises a drainage cone ring sleeve with a thick upper part and a thin lower part, and the outer edge of the upper end of the drainage cone ring sleeve is integrally connected with the inner ring at the upper end of the movable cylinder; the axis of the drainage cone ring sleeve is a sliding sleeve hole with the same axis; the sliding sleeve hole is coaxially and slidably matched with the outer wall surface of the column body of the central column; the outer wall surface of the drainage cone ring sleeve is marked as a movable cone ring outer wall surface, the outer wall surface of the drainage head is marked as a fixed circumference cone wall surface, and the downward displacement of the drainage cone ring sleeve can enable the outer wall surface of the movable cone ring to be lowered to be combined with the fixed circumference cone wall surface to form a particle drainage cone surface; an annular air heating bin is formed between the upper surface of the drainage cone ring sleeve and the top wall body, and an electric heating device is arranged in the air heating bin and can heat air in the air heating bin;

the top wall body is provided with a one-way air valve which is conducted and found to face downwards, and when negative pressure exists in the air heating bin, external air can flow into the air heating bin through the one-way air valve; an annular groove is formed in the inner ring at the upper end of the drainage cone ring sleeve; an elastic part is arranged between the groove bottom and the top wall body of the annular groove, and the elastic part elastically supports and presses the drainage cone ring sleeve downwards;

an annular particle leaking hopper with an upward semicircular arc-shaped section is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the movable cylinder; a plurality of grain leaking holes which are communicated up and down are uniformly distributed on the wall body of the annular grain leaking hopper with the section of the semicircular arc with the upward opening, and the diameters of the grain leaking holes are larger than the outer diameter of the compound fertilizer particles; the outer ring at the upper end of the annular particle leaking hopper is integrally connected with the inner wall at the middle height of the movable barrel; an annular particle climbing channel is formed between the inner ring at the upper end of the annular particle leaking hopper and the combined particle drainage conical surface; the upper side space of the annular particle leaking hopper is marked as a first particle falling ring bin, and the lower side space of the annular particle leaking hopper is marked as a second particle falling ring bin;

further, the bottom particle ejector comprises an annular support platform, and the annular support platform is fixed at the tail end of the mechanical arm; the annular support platform is fixedly provided with a plurality of lifters in a circumferential array manner, and further comprises an annular sealing disc which is coaxial with the annular support platform, and the annular sealing disc is fixed on the shell of each lifter; the lower end face of the cylindrical outer wall is in sealing contact with the upper surface of the annular sealing disc; the inner ring of the annular sealing disc is integrally connected with a conical shell bottom with a downward pointed end; the third sealing ring is coaxially arranged above the annular sealing disc; the upper end of the lifting rod of each lifter is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the third sealing ring; the lifter can drive the third sealing ring to move up and down;

the outer ring of the third sealing ring is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the lower end of the cylindrical outer wall, and an annular exhaust bin is formed between the third sealing ring and the second sealing ring; a plurality of supporting piles are distributed on the upper side of the third sealing ring in a circumferential array manner, the upper ends of the supporting piles are in supporting contact with the lower end face of the cylinder body of the movable cylinder, a communicating gap is formed between every two adjacent supporting piles, and the lower end of the exhaust bin is communicated with the periphery of the second particle falling ring bin through a plurality of communicating gaps;

an upper vibration conical wall and a lower vibration conical wall are arranged above the conical shell bottom in parallel, the inner sides of the upper vibration conical wall and the lower vibration conical wall are provided with material bearing conical cavities, and a conical annular closed air chamber is formed between the upper vibration conical wall and the lower vibration conical wall and the conical shell bottom; the upper end profile of the upper and lower oscillation conical walls is integrally connected with the inner ring of the third sealing ring; the bottom of the upper and lower oscillation conical walls is provided with concave flexible airtight throwing cloth; when the space of the conical ring-shaped closed air chamber is completely compressed, the flexible airtight projection cloth can be quickly arched upwards under the action of air pressure, and composite fertilizer particles on the upper surface of the flexible airtight projection cloth are projected upwards;

the lower part of the cylindrical outer wall is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes in a circumferential array in a hollow manner, and the exhaust holes are used for communicating the exhaust bin with the outside;

the side wall of the upper end of the movable cylinder is uniformly provided with a plurality of air inlets in a circumferential array, and the top of the first particle falling annular bin is communicated with the upper end of the annular hot air transition bin through the air inlets;

a plurality of first air guide channels are distributed in the drainage cone ring sleeve in a circumferential array manner; the upper end inlet of each first air guide channel is communicated with the air heating bin, and the lower end outlet of each first air guide channel is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve hole;

the air guide pipes are distributed in a circumferential array, and the leading-out end of each air guide pipe is connected to the cylindrical outer wall and communicated with the middle part of the annular hot air transition bin;

a plurality of vertical second air guide channels are circumferentially distributed in the central column in an array manner, the upper end of each second air guide channel is respectively communicated with the air inlet end of each air guide tube, and the lower end guide end of each second air guide channel is arranged on the column body outer wall surface of the central column; when the outer wall surface of the movable conical ring descends to a particle drainage conical surface combined with the wall surface of the fixed circumferential conical ring, the lower end outlet of each first air guide channel and the lower end inlet of each second air guide channel are staggered and blocked; the ascending motion of the outer wall surface of the movable conical ring can enable the lower end outlet of each first air guide channel to be communicated with the lower end leading-in end of each second air guide channel.

Further, the elastic component is a spring sleeved at the upper end of the central column.

Furthermore, the lower end of the outer wall surface of the cylinder is provided with a limiting outer edge;

furthermore, the diameter of each granule leaking hole is larger than the outer diameter of the compound fertilizer granules.

Further, the working method of the circulating distributed drying system for preparing the compound fertilizer particles comprises the following steps:

setting an initial state, and controlling the mechanical arm to drive the bottom particle catapult to move downwards to be separated from the lower end of the outer shell; then, a proper amount of compound fertilizer particles to be dried are fed to the inner sides of the upper and lower oscillating conical walls to form a material bearing conical cavity; then the mechanical arm drives the bottom particle catapult to move upwards until the lower end face of the cylindrical outer wall is in sealing contact with the upper surface of the annular sealing disc, the outer ring of the third sealing ring is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the lower end of the cylindrical outer wall, and the upper ends of the plurality of supporting piles are in supporting contact with the lower end face of the cylinder body of the movable cylinder; at the moment, the flexible airtight projectile cloth is in a concave state, and the lower end outlet of each first air guide channel is communicated with the lower end lead-in end of each second air guide channel; meanwhile, the electric heating device continuously heats the air stored in the air heating bin into continuously stored high-temperature air;

the specific working process comprises the following steps:

controlling each lifter to drive the third sealing ring to move downwards in an accelerated manner under the acceleration of gravity, so that the upper and lower shaking cone walls move downwards in an accelerated manner under the acceleration of gravity, and meanwhile, the movable cylinder and the drainage cone ring sleeve also move downwards along with the third sealing ring under the elastic jacking pressure of the elastic component; the downward displacement of the flow guide conical ring sleeve can enable the lower end outlet of each first air guide channel and the lower end inlet of each second air guide channel to be mutually staggered and blocked;

when the upper and lower oscillating conical walls descend to a preset height, the outer wall surface of the movable conical ring also descends to a particle drainage conical surface combined with the wall surface of the fixed circular cone, the downward displacement of the upper and lower oscillating conical walls can quickly compress the space of the annular closed air chamber of the cone, the flexible airtight projection cloth can be quickly arched upwards under the action of air pressure, the instantaneously arched flexible airtight projection cloth can form a strong upward projection force on the compound fertilizer particles on the upper side of the flexible airtight projection cloth in a completely weightless state and upwards project the compound fertilizer particles on the upper surface of the flexible airtight projection cloth, the compound fertilizer particles projected upwards are obliquely projected upwards from the periphery under the guidance of the particle drainage conical surface and pass through the annular particle climbing channel and reach the first particle falling ring bin, the compound fertilizer particles obliquely passing through the annular particle climbing channel upwards disperse under the action of gravity in the first particle falling ring bin and fall down and accumulate in the annular leakage hopper, the compound fertilizer particles falling and accumulated in the annular particle leaking hopper downwards leak into the second particle falling ring bin in a rain drop mode through each particle leaking hole, and finally the compound fertilizer particles leaking into the second particle falling ring bin in a rain drop mode finally fall onto the upper surfaces of the upper and lower vibration conical walls; meanwhile, the downward displacement of the flow guide conical ring sleeve can change the air heating bin into negative pressure, external air is sucked into the air heating bin through the one-way air valve, and ventilation entering the air heating bin can be rapidly heated;

step two, each lifter drives the third sealing ring to rapidly move upwards, so that the upper and lower oscillation conical walls are enabled to move upwards along with the third sealing ring, and meanwhile, the movable cylinder and the drainage conical ring are sleeved on the upper rigid push of the support piles to move upwards along with the third sealing ring; the upward displacement of the diversion taper ring sleeve can compress hot air in the air heating bin, so that high-temperature compressed air is formed in the air heating bin; meanwhile, the rapid upward displacement of the up-and-down oscillation conical wall increases the space of the conical ring-shaped closed air chamber to form negative pressure, so that the flexible and flexible airtight projection cloth is rapidly restored to a downward sunken state under the action of the negative pressure; the flow guide conical ring sleeve continuously moves upwards, and stops moving until the lower end outlet of each first air guide channel is communicated with the lower end inlet of each second air guide channel; then high-temperature compressed air formed in the air heating bin is pressed into the annular hot air transition bin after passing through the first air guide channels, the second air guide channels and the air guide tubes in sequence, then the high-temperature hot air pressed into the annular hot air transition bin is uniformly pressed into the upper end of the first particle falling ring bin through a plurality of air inlet holes, and simultaneously air around the lower part of the second particle falling ring bin is pressed into the annular exhaust bin through a plurality of communicating gaps and finally exhausted out of the outside through a plurality of exhaust holes;

step three, the 'step one' and the 'step two' are operated periodically and continuously, so that the whole inner core and the up-down shaking cone wall can vibrate up and down periodically; so that the compound fertilizer particles on the upper surface of the flexible airtight projection cloth are periodically gathered and rapidly projected upwards periodically, the compound fertilizer particles projected upwards periodically are projected obliquely upwards around under the guide of the particle drainage conical surface and pass through the annular particle climbing channel and reach the first particle falling ring bin, the compound fertilizer particles which pass through the annular particle climbing channel obliquely upwards periodically are dispersed and fall down under the action of gravity in the first particle falling ring bin and are accumulated in the annular particle leaking hopper in a continuous up-down oscillation state, the compound fertilizer particles which fall down continuously and are accumulated in the annular particle leaking hopper leak back to the second particle falling ring bin through each particle leaking hole downwards in a rain point mode under the oscillation effect, and the compound fertilizer particles in the first particle falling ring bin and the second particle falling ring bin are in a continuous dispersion state, thereby increasing the contact area to the hot air;

the method comprises the steps of periodically and continuously operating a first step and a second step, continuously pressing high-temperature air in an air heating bin into the upper end of a first particle falling ring bin, continuously pressing hot air at the upper end of the first particle falling ring bin into a second particle falling ring bin through an annular particle climbing channel, simultaneously continuously pressing air and generated water vapor around the lower part of the second particle falling ring bin into an annular exhaust bin through a plurality of communicating gaps, and finally exhausting the air outside through a plurality of exhaust holes;

high-temperature hot air continuously flows around the compound fertilizer particles which continuously fall in a dispersed manner in the first particle falling annular bin and the second particle falling annular bin, so that the evaporation of water is promoted, and the effect of drying and heating uniform high-temperature air is achieved; after the preset time is continued, all the compound fertilizer particles are dried, all the lifters are suspended, and finally all the dried compound fertilizers are accumulated in the material bearing conical cavity under the action of gravity;

controlling the mechanical arm to drive the bottom particle catapult to move downwards to be separated from the lower end of the outer shell; and then controlling the control mechanical arm to drive the bottom particle catapult to rotate 90 degrees by taking the length extension line of the mechanical arm as an axis, so that all the dried compound fertilizer in the material bearing conical cavity of the bottom particle catapult is poured downwards.

Has the advantages that: the device has a simple structure, and high-temperature hot air continuously flows around the compound fertilizer particles which continuously fall in a dispersed manner in the first particle falling ring bin and the second particle falling ring bin, so that the evaporation of water is promoted, and the effect of drying and heating uniform high-temperature air is achieved; after the preset time is continued, all the compound fertilizer particles are dried, all the lifters are suspended, and finally all the dried compound fertilizers are accumulated in the material bearing conical cavity under the action of gravity.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the device;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the device along the axial direction, the structure being cut open along the axial direction;

FIG. 3 is a general cross-sectional view of the apparatus (a state in which step one has not yet been started);

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the bottom particle ejector shown in FIG. 3 illustrating downward displacement;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a bottom pellet ejector;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the core construction;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the overall front cross-section of the process when step one has not yet begun;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall forward cross-sectional structure in which when the oscillating conical walls in step one descend to a predetermined height, the outer wall surface of the movable conical ring also descends to a position where the outer wall surface of the movable conical ring and the conical wall surface of the fixed circumference form a particle drainage conical surface.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The circulating and dispersing type drying system for preparing compound fertilizer granules as shown in the attached figures 1 to 8 comprises an outer shell 103, an inner core 104 and a bottom granule ejector 105; the outer housing 103 is fixedly mounted by a fixing arm 107;

the inner core 104 can move up and down in the outer shell 103; a bottom particle catapult 105 is arranged at the bottom of the outer shell 103, the bottom particle catapult 105 can support compound fertilizer particles to be dried, and the bottom particle catapult 105 can upwards catapult the supported compound fertilizer particles onto the inner core 104; and the mechanical arm 108 is further included, the bottom particle ejector 105 is fixedly arranged on the mechanical arm 108, the mechanical arm 108 can drive the bottom particle ejector 105 to move up and down, and the mechanical arm 108 can drive the bottom particle ejector 105 to change the self posture.

The outer shell 103 comprises a cylindrical outer wall 109, and a top wall body 122 is integrally arranged at the top end of the cylindrical outer wall 109; a central column 16 extending downward is coaxially and integrally arranged on the lower side of the top wall body 122, and a conical drainage head 14 with a downward pointed end is integrally connected to the lower end of the central column 16.

The inner core 104 comprises a movable cylinder 126 which is coaxial with the cylindrical outer wall 109, and the upper end and the middle height of the outer wall of the movable cylinder 126 are respectively and integrally provided with a first sealing ring 124 and a second sealing ring 125 which are coaxial; the first sealing ring 124 and the second sealing ring 125 are in sliding sealing fit with the inner wall of the cylindrical outer wall 109; an annular hot air transition bin 146 is formed between the first sealing ring 124 and the second sealing ring 125;

the inner core 104 also comprises a drainage taper ring sleeve 17 with a thick upper part and a thin lower part, and the outer edge of the upper end of the drainage taper ring sleeve 17 is integrally connected with the inner ring of the upper end of the movable cylinder 126; the axis of the drainage cone ring sleeve 17 is a coaxial sliding sleeve hole 22; the sliding sleeve hole 22 is coaxially and slidably matched with the column outer wall surface 23 of the central column 16; the peripheral wall surface of the drainage cone ring sleeve 17 is marked as a movable cone ring outer wall surface 29.2, the peripheral wall surface of the drainage head 14 is marked as a fixed circumference cone wall surface 29.2, and the downward displacement of the drainage cone ring sleeve 17 can enable the movable cone ring outer wall surface 29.2 to be lowered to be combined with the fixed circumference cone wall surface 29.2 to form a particle drainage cone surface 29; an annular air heating bin 123 is formed between the upper surface of the drainage cone ring sleeve 17 and the top wall body 122, an electric heating device 19 is arranged in the air heating bin 123, and the electric heating device 19 can heat air in the air heating bin 123;

the top wall body 122 is provided with a one-way air valve 24 which is conducted and found to face downwards, and when negative pressure exists in the air heating bin 123, external air can flow into the air heating bin 123 through the one-way air valve 24; an annular groove 130 is formed in the inner ring at the upper end of the drainage cone ring sleeve 17; an elastic part 120 is arranged between the groove bottom of the annular groove 130 and the top wall body 122, and the elastic part 120 elastically presses the drainage cone ring sleeve 17 downwards;

an annular particle leaking hopper 143 with an upward opening semi-circular arc section is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the movable cylinder 126; a plurality of vertically through granule leaking holes 142 are uniformly distributed on the wall body of the annular granule leaking hopper 143 with the section of the semicircular arc with an upward opening, and the diameters of the granule leaking holes 142 are all larger than the outer diameter of the compound fertilizer granules; the outer ring of the upper end of the annular particle leaking hopper 143 is integrally connected with the inner wall of the middle height part of the movable barrel 126; an annular particle climbing channel 147 is formed between the inner ring at the upper end of the annular particle leaking hopper 143 and the combined particle drainage conical surface 29; the upper space of the annular particle leaking hopper 143 is marked as a first particle falling ring bin 148, and the lower space of the annular particle leaking hopper 143 is marked as a second particle falling ring bin 149;

the bottom particle ejector 105 comprises an annular support platform 113, the annular support platform 113, and the annular support platform 113 is fixed at the tail end of the mechanical arm 108; the annular support platform 113 is fixedly provided with a plurality of lifters 110 in a circumferential array, and further comprises an annular sealing disc 112 which is coaxial with the annular support platform 113, and the annular sealing disc 112 is fixed on a shell of each lifter 110; the lower end face 109.1 of the cylindrical outer wall 109 is in sealing contact with the upper surface of the annular sealing disc 112; the inner ring of the annular sealing disc 112 is integrally connected with a conical shell bottom 35 with a downward pointed end; a third sealing ring 114 coaxial with and above the annular sealing disk 112; the upper end of the lifting rod 111 of each lifter 110 is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the third sealing ring 114; so that the lifter 110 can drive the third sealing ring 114 to move up and down;

the outer ring of the third sealing ring 114 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the lower end of the cylindrical outer wall 109, and an annular exhaust bin 145 is formed between the third sealing ring 114 and the second sealing ring 125; a plurality of supporting piles 119 are distributed on the upper side of the third sealing ring 114 in a circumferential array, the upper ends of the supporting piles 119 are supported and contacted with the lower end surface 126.1 of the cylinder body of the movable cylinder 126, a communicating gap 140 is formed between every two adjacent supporting piles 119, and the lower end of the exhaust bin 145 is communicated with the periphery of the second particle falling ring bin 149 through the communicating gaps 140;

an upper and lower oscillating conical wall 10 is arranged above the conical shell bottom 35 in parallel, the inner side of the upper and lower oscillating conical wall 10 is a material bearing conical cavity 141, and a conical annular closed air chamber 12 is formed between the upper and lower oscillating conical wall 10 and the conical shell bottom 35; the upper end profile of the upper and lower oscillation conical walls 10 is integrally connected with the inner ring of the third sealing ring 114; the bottom of the upper and lower oscillation conical walls 10 is provided with a concave flexible airtight ejection cloth 36; when the space of the conical ring-shaped closed air chamber 12 is completely compressed, the flexible airtight projection cloth 36 can be quickly arched upwards under the action of air pressure, and compound fertilizer particles on the upper surface of the flexible airtight projection cloth 36 are projected upwards;

the lower part of the cylindrical outer wall 109 is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes 100 in a circumferential array in a hollow manner, and each exhaust hole 100 is used for communicating the exhaust bin 145 with the outside;

the side wall of the upper end of the movable cylinder 126 is uniformly provided with a plurality of air inlet holes 127 in a circumferential array, and each air inlet hole 127 communicates the top of the first particle falling annular bin 148 with the upper end of the annular hot air transition bin 146;

a plurality of first air guide channels 101 are distributed in the drainage cone ring sleeve 17 in a circumferential array; the upper inlet 101.1 of each first air guide channel 101 is communicated with the air heating bin 123, and the lower outlet 101.2 of each first air guide channel 101 is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve hole 22;

the device also comprises a plurality of air ducts 106 distributed in a circumferential array, and the leading-out end 106.1 of each air duct 106 is connected to the cylindrical outer wall 109 and communicated with the middle part of the annular hot air transition bin 146;

a plurality of vertical second air guide channels 121 are circumferentially distributed in the central column 16 in an array manner, the upper ends of the second air guide channels 121 are respectively communicated with the air inlet ends of the air guide tubes 106, and the lower end introducing ends of the second air guide channels 121 are arranged on the column body outer wall surface 23 of the central column 16; when the outer wall surface 29.2 of the movable conical ring descends to the particle drainage conical surface 29 combined with the fixed circumferential conical wall surface 29.2, the lower end outlet 101.2 of each first air guide channel 101 and the lower end leading-in end of each second air guide channel 121 are staggered and blocked; the rising movement of the outer wall surface 29.2 of the movable cone ring enables the lower end outlet 101.2 of each first air guide channel 101 to be communicated with the lower end introduction end of each second air guide channel 121.

The resilient member 120 is a spring that is fitted over the upper end of the central post 16.

The lower end of the column outer wall surface 23 is provided with a limiting outer edge 144;

the diameter of each granule leaking hole 142 is larger than the outer diameter of the compound fertilizer granules.

A working method of a circulating distributed drying system for preparing compound fertilizer particles;

setting an initial state, controlling the mechanical arm 108 to drive the bottom particle ejector 105 to move downwards to be separated from the lower end of the outer shell 103; then, feeding a proper amount of compound fertilizer particles to be dried into a material bearing conical cavity 141 on the inner side of the upper and lower oscillation conical walls 10; then the mechanical arm 108 drives the bottom particle catapult 105 to move upwards until the lower end face 109.1 of the cylindrical outer wall 109 is in sealing contact with the upper surface of the annular sealing disc 112, the outer ring of the third sealing ring 114 is in sliding fit with the lower end inner wall of the cylindrical outer wall 109, and the upper ends of the plurality of supporting piles 119 are in supporting contact with the lower end face 126.1 of the movable cylinder 126; at this time, the flexible airtight projectile cloth 36 is in a concave state, and the lower end outlet 101.2 of each first air guide channel 101 is communicated with the lower end introduction end of each second air guide channel 121; meanwhile, the electric heating device 19 continuously heats the stored air in the air heating bin 123 into continuous high-temperature air; as shown in fig. 7

The specific working process comprises the following steps:

step one, each lifter 110 is controlled to drive the third sealing ring 114 to move downwards in an accelerated manner under the acceleration of gravity, so that the upper and lower oscillation conical walls 10 move downwards in an accelerated manner under the acceleration of gravity, and meanwhile, the movable cylinder 126 and the drainage conical ring sleeve 17 also move downwards along with the third sealing ring 114 under the elastic jacking pressure of the elastic component 120; the downward displacement of the diversion taper ring sleeve 17 can cause the lower end outlet 101.2 of each first air guide channel 101 and the lower end lead-in end of each second air guide channel 121 to be staggered and blocked;

when the upper and lower oscillating conical walls 10 descend to a preset height, the outer wall surface 29.2 of the movable conical ring also descends to be combined with the fixed circumferential conical wall surface 29.2 to form a particle drainage conical surface 29 (as shown in fig. 8); the downward displacement of the up-and-down oscillation conical wall 10 can quickly compress the space of the conical annular closed air chamber 12, the flexible airtight projection cloth 36 can be quickly upwards arched under the action of air pressure, the instantaneously upwards arched flexible airtight projection cloth 36 can form strong upward projection force on the compound fertilizer particles on the upper side of the flexible airtight projection cloth 36 in a complete weightlessness state and upwards project the compound fertilizer particles on the upper surface of the flexible airtight projection cloth 36, the upward projected compound fertilizer particles are obliquely upwards projected all around under the guidance of the particle drainage conical surface 29 and pass through the annular particle climbing channel 147 and reach the first particle falling annular bin 148, the compound fertilizer particles obliquely upwards passing through the annular particle climbing channel 147 are dispersed in the first particle falling annular bin 148 under the action of gravity and fall down and are accumulated in the annular leakage particle hopper 143, and the compound fertilizer particles falling down and accumulated in the annular leakage particle hopper 143 pass through the leakage holes 142 and fall down in the form of' rain drops The compound fertilizer particles which leak into the second particle falling ring bin 149 in a form of 'raindrops' finally fall onto the upper surface of the upper and lower oscillating conical walls 10; meanwhile, the air heating bin 123 becomes negative pressure due to the downward displacement of the diversion taper ring sleeve 17, external air is sucked into the air heating bin 123 through the one-way air valve 24, and ventilation entering the air heating bin 123 is rapidly heated;

step two, each lifter 110 drives the third sealing ring 114 to rapidly move upwards, so that the upper and lower oscillation conical walls 10 move upwards along with the third sealing ring 114, and meanwhile, the movable cylinder 126 and the drainage conical ring sleeve 17 are also moved upwards along with the third sealing ring 114 under the upward rigid pushing of the plurality of supporting piles 119; the upward displacement of the diversion taper ring sleeve 17 compresses the hot air in the air heating bin 123, so that high-temperature compressed air is formed in the air heating bin 123; meanwhile, the conical wall 10 vibrates upwards and downwards rapidly to move, so that the space of the conical annular closed air chamber 12 is increased to form negative pressure, and the flexible and flexible airtight projectile cloth 36 is rapidly restored to a downward sunken state under the action of the negative pressure; with the continuous upward displacement of the diversion taper ring sleeve 17, the displacement is suspended until the lower end outlet 101.2 of each first air guide channel 101 is communicated with the lower end lead-in end of each second air guide channel 121; at this time, high-temperature compressed air formed in the air heating bin 123 sequentially passes through the first air guide channels 101, the second air guide channels 121 and the air guide pipes 106 and then is pressed into the annular hot air transition bin 146, then the high-temperature hot air pressed into the annular hot air transition bin 146 is uniformly pressed into the upper end of the first particle falling ring bin 148 through the plurality of air inlet holes 127, meanwhile, air around the lower part of the second particle falling ring bin 149 is pressed into the annular exhaust bin 145 through the plurality of communication gaps 140 and finally is exhausted out of the outside through the plurality of exhaust holes 100;

step three, the 'step one' and the 'step two' are operated periodically and continuously, so that the whole inner core 104 and the upper and lower oscillating conical walls 10 oscillate up and down periodically; so that the compound fertilizer particles on the upper surface of the flexible airtight projection cloth 36 are periodically gathered and periodically and rapidly projected upwards, the compound fertilizer particles which are periodically projected upwards are obliquely projected upwards around under the guidance of the particle guide conical surface 29 and pass through the annular particle climbing channel 147 to reach the first particle falling annular bin 148, the compound fertilizer particles which periodically and obliquely pass through the annular particle climbing channel 147 upwards are dispersed in the first particle falling annular bin 148 under the action of gravity, fall down and are accumulated in the annular particle leaking hopper 143 which is in a continuous up-and-down oscillation state, the compound fertilizer particles which fall down and are accumulated in the annular particle leaking hopper 143 are continuously leaked back to the second particle falling annular bin 149 through the particle leaking holes 142 in a rain point mode under the action of oscillation, and the compound fertilizer particles in the first particle falling annular bin 148 and the second particle falling annular bin 149 are continuously dispersed, thereby increasing the contact area to the hot air;

the first step and the second step are operated periodically and continuously, the high-temperature air in the air heating bin 123 is continuously pressed into the upper end of the first particle falling ring bin 148, the hot air pressed into the upper end of the first particle falling ring bin 148 continuously flows downwards into the second particle falling ring bin 149 through the annular particle climbing channel 147, and meanwhile, the air around the lower part of the second particle falling ring bin 149 and the generated water vapor are continuously pressed into the annular exhaust bin 145 through the plurality of communication gaps 140 and finally exhausted out of the outside through the plurality of exhaust holes 100;

high-temperature hot air continuously flows around the composite fertilizer particles continuously falling in a dispersed manner in the first particle falling ring bin 148 and the second particle falling ring bin 149, so that the evaporation of water is promoted, and the effect of drying and heating uniform high-temperature air is achieved; after the preset time is continued, all the compound fertilizer particles are dried, each lifter 110 is suspended, and finally all the dried compound fertilizers are accumulated in the material bearing conical cavity 141 under the action of gravity;

fourthly, controlling the mechanical arm 108 to drive the bottom particle ejector 105 to move downwards to be separated from the lower end of the outer shell 103; then the control mechanical arm 108 drives the bottom particle catapult 105 to rotate 90 degrees by taking the length extension line of the mechanical arm 108 as an axis, so that all the dried compound fertilizer in the material bearing conical cavity 141 of the bottom particle catapult 105 is poured downwards.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.