阅读说明：本技术 一种复合芯体夹心圆筒防爆结构 (Composite core sandwich cylinder explosion-proof structure ) 是由 梁民族 李翔宇 林玉亮 卢芳云 于 2021-06-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种复合芯体夹心圆筒防爆结构,目的是解决目前泡沫夹心圆筒防爆结构防护能力不足问题。本发明由外部圆筒、复合芯体、内部圆筒、底部端盖组成,内部圆筒、复合芯体、外部圆筒由内向外同轴装配组成夹心结构,底部端盖焊接在复合芯体下端面。复合芯体由内泡沫芯体、内纤维层、超弹性体芯体、外纤维层、外泡沫芯体同轴装配而成；内部圆筒由圆筒、涂层、内衬、垫块组成,涂层喷涂在圆筒外侧面,内衬侧壁截面为直角三角形的圆筒形。底部端盖由金属盖和盖内芯体组成,盖内芯体同轴嵌套于金属盖内。本发明具有良好的爆炸冲击波能量吸收能力,对高速破片具有很强的吸附能力,在爆炸冲击波和破片联合载荷防护方面性能优越。(The invention discloses a composite core body sandwich cylindrical explosion-proof structure, and aims to solve the problem of insufficient protection capability of the existing foam sandwich cylindrical explosion-proof structure. The composite core comprises an outer cylinder, a composite core body, an inner cylinder and a bottom end cover, wherein the inner cylinder, the composite core body and the outer cylinder are coaxially assembled from inside to outside to form a sandwich structure, and the bottom end cover is welded on the lower end face of the composite core body. The composite core body is formed by coaxially assembling an inner foam core body, an inner fiber layer, a super-elastomer core body, an outer fiber layer and an outer foam core body; the inner cylinder consists of a cylinder, a coating, a lining and a cushion block, wherein the coating is sprayed on the outer side surface of the cylinder, and the section of the side wall of the lining is in a right-angled triangle cylinder shape. The bottom end cover consists of a metal cover and a cover inner core body, and the cover inner core body is coaxially nested in the metal cover. The invention has good absorption capacity of the energy of the explosive shock waves, strong absorption capacity to the high-speed fragments and excellent performance in the aspect of the protection of the combined load of the explosive shock waves and the fragments.)

1. A composite core sandwich cylinder explosion-proof structure is characterized in that the whole composite core sandwich cylinder explosion-proof structure is a cylinder with a bottom and consists of an outer cylinder (1), a composite core (2), an inner cylinder (3) and a bottom end cover (4), the outer cylinder (1), the composite core (2) and the inner cylinder (3) form a side wall surface of the cylinder with the bottom, and the bottom end cover (4) is the bottom of the cylinder with the bottom; defining that one end provided with the bottom end cover (4) is a closed end as a lower end, and the other end not provided with the bottom end cover (4) is an open end as an upper end, and explosives are stored in the inner cylinder (3); the composite core body sandwich cylindrical explosion-proof structure has the outer diameter D which is determined according to the explosion-proof requirement, and the height H;

the inner cylinder (3), the composite core body (2) and the outer cylinder (1) are coaxially assembled from inside to outside, the bottom end cover (4) is welded on the lower end face of the composite core body (2), the outer cylinder (1) is sleeved on the side walls of the composite core body (2) and the bottom end cover (4), the upper end face of the outer cylinder (1) is flush with the upper end face of the composite core body (2), and the lower end face of the outer cylinder (1) is flush with the lower end face of the bottom end cover (4); the outer cylinder (1), the composite core body (2) and the inner cylinder (3) form a sandwich structure, the outer cylinder (1) and the inner cylinder (3) are panels of the sandwich structure, and the composite core body (2) is a core body of the sandwich structure;

the external cylinder (1) is cylindrical, the height is equal to H, the external diameter is equal to D, and the internal diameter is D; the material of the outer cylinder (1) is metal; the outer cylinder (1) is used for wrapping the composite core body (2) and the bottom end cover (4);

the composite core body (2) is cylindrical, the outer diameter is equal to d, and the inner diameter is d₁The height is h; the composite core body (2) consists of an outer foam core body (21), an outer fiber layer (22), a super-elastomer core body (23), an inner fiber layer (24) and an inner foam core body (25); the inner foam core body (25), the inner fiber layer (24), the super-elastomer core body (23), the outer fiber layer (22) and the outer foam core body (21) are coaxially assembled from inside to outside, the upper end face and the lower end face are flush, and the heights of the upper end face and the lower end face are all equal to h; the outer foam core body (21), the outer fiber layer (22), the super-elastomer core body (23), the inner fiber layer (24) and the inner foam core body (25) are all cylindrical; the outer foam core (21) is made of metal foam; the outer fiber layer (22) is made of high-strength carbon fiber or glass fiber; the super elastomer core (23) is made of polyurea super elastomer material; the inner fiber layer (24) is made of high-strength carbon fibers or high-strength glass fibers; the inner foam core (25) is metal foam; the inner foam core (25) is positioned at the innermost side of the composite core (2) and bears the impact of explosive shock waves and high-speed fragment combined load, the original impact direction of the combined load is disturbed by virtue of the nonuniformity of the microstructure of the material of the outer foam core (21), the kinetic energy of part of the combined load is absorbed, and the amplitude of the shock wave load is reduced; the outer foam core (21) is positioned at the outermost side of the composite core (2), and when the outer fiber layer (22), the super-elastomer core (23) and the inner fiber layer (24) bear loads and expand outwards integrally, the outer foam core (21) slows down the outward movement of the composite core (2) integrally and absorbs the kinetic energy of the composite core (2); the inner (24) and outer (22) fibrous layers sandwich the superelastic core (23) in the event of an explosive shock waveWhen the high-speed fragment and the inner fiber layer (24) act, the inner fiber layer (24) intercepts part of the high-speed fragment, part of the high-speed fragment penetrates through the inner fiber layer (24) and enters the super-elastic body core (23), and part of the shock wave enters the super-elastic body core (23) from the fragment perforation; the glass state of the super-elastomer core (23) appears when the super-elastomer core is subjected to impact load, so that impact waves and fragment load are protected, and failure expansion caused by combined load is prevented; the outer fiber layer (22) further protects the fragments penetrating through the super-elastomer core (23);

the inner cylinder (3) is cylindrical with a bottom, the height is equal to h, and the outer diameter is equal to d₁Inner diameter of d₂(ii) a The inner cylinder (3) consists of a cylinder (31), a coating (32), a lining (33) and a cushion block (34), the coating (32) is a super-elastomer coating sprayed on the outer side surface of the cylinder (31), the upper end surface of the cushion block (34) is bonded with the bottom surface of the cylinder (31) and the bottom of the coating (32), and the lower end surface of the cushion block (34) is bonded with the bottom end cover (4); the cylinder (31) is a cylinder having a bottom surface with an inner diameter equal to d₂The thicknesses of the side wall and the cylinder bottom are both e; the material of the cylinder (31) is glass fiber reinforced plastic; the coating (32) material is polyurea super elastomer; the lining (33) is in a cylindrical shape with a right-angled triangle-shaped side wall section, is coaxially nested in the cylinder (31), and the bottom surface of the cylinder (31) is separated between the bottom surface of the lining (33) and the cushion block (34); the outside diameter of the liner (33) is equal to d₂Height of h₂The section of the side wall enables the upper side wall of the lining (33) to be thin and the lower side wall to be thick, so that the explosive enters from the opening end and directly slides into the central part of the bottom of the inner cylinder (3); the inner lining (33) is made of metal foam; the spacer (34) is cylindrical and has a diameter equal to d₂Height of h₁(ii) a The cushion block (34) is made of metal foam; the cylinder (31) withstands detonation product gas with high temperature and high pressure, and attenuates shock waves and fragment speed; the coating (32) improves the deformability of the inner cylinder (3) and inhibits reaming of the failure site when shear failure occurs in the inner cylinder; the upper end surface of the cushion block (34) is bonded with the bottom of the cylinder (31) and the coating (32), and the lower end surface is bonded with the bottom end cover (4); the cushion block (34) supports the inner cylinder (3), so that the bottom of the inner cylinder (3) is positioned in the middle of the height direction, a space is reserved between an explosive and the bottom end cover (4), and the anti-explosion capability of the bottom end cover (4) is improved;

the bottom end cover (4) is in a round cake shape, is the cylinder bottom of the cylinder with the bottom and is positioned below the composite core body (2), the lower end surface of the bottom end cover (4) is flush with the lower end surface of the external cylinder (1), the external diameter is equal to d, and the height is h₃(ii) a The bottom end cover (4) consists of a metal cover (41) and a cover inner core body (42); the metal cover (41) is in a cylindrical shape with a bottom, the outer diameter is equal to d, the inner diameter is g, and the height is equal to h₃Depth of h₄(ii) a The metal cover (41) is made of metal; the cover inner core body (42) is in a round cake shape, the outer diameter is equal to g, and the height is equal to h₄(ii) a The cover inner core body (42) is made of metal foam; the cover inner core body (42) is coaxially nested in the metal cover (41) and is bonded on the bottom surface of the inner cylinder of the metal cover (41), and the upper end surface of the cover inner core body (42) is flush with the upper end surface of the metal cover (41); the metal cover (41) prevents explosion shock waves from leaking from the bottom to cause the integral toppling of the composite core body sandwich cylindrical explosion-proof structure; the cap core body (42) prevents the metal cap (41) from being unstable or being disassembled when a joint load simultaneously acts on the metal cap (41).

2. The composite core sandwich cylindrical explosion-proof structure of claim 1, wherein the outer diameter D of the composite core sandwich cylindrical explosion-proof structure satisfies 0.1m < D <2m, and the height H satisfies D < H < 3D.

3. A composite core sandwich cylindrical burst structure as defined in claim 1 wherein the inner diameter D of the outer cylinder (1) satisfies 0.9D < 0.98D.

4. A composite core sandwich cylindrical explosion proof structure as in claim 1, characterized in that the inner diameter d of the composite core (2)₁Satisfies 0.6d<d₁<0.9d, the height H satisfies 0.85H<h<0.95H; the wall thicknesses of the outer foam core body (21), the outer fiber layer (22), the super-elastic body core body (23), the inner fiber layer (24) and the inner foam core body (25) are respectively t₁、t₂、t₃、t₄、t₅Satisfies 0.05D<t₁<0.2D，0.01D<t₂<0.03D，0.05D<t₃<0.2D，0.01D<t₄<0.03D，0.05D<t₅<0.2D。

5. A composite core sandwich cylindrical explosion proof structure as in claim 1, characterized in that the inner diameter d of the inner cylinder (3)₂Satisfies 0.8d₁<d₂<0.95d₁(ii) a The thickness e of the side wall and the bottom of the cylinder (31) meets 0.02D<e<0.2D; the thickness f of the coating (32) satisfies 0.1e<f<0.5 e; height h of the inner liner (33)₂Satisfies 0.2h<h₂<0.4h, the angle w of the vertex angle of the right triangle of the cross section of the side wall meets 5 DEG<w<45 degrees; height h of pad (34)₁Satisfies 0.2h<h₁<0.4h。

6. A composite core sandwich cylindrical explosion-proof structure as in claim 1, characterized in that the bottom end cap (4) has a height h₃H-H; the inner diameter g of the metal cover (41) satisfies 0.9d₂<g<d₂Depth h of metal cover (41)₄Satisfies 0.4h₃<h₄<0.6h₃。

7. A composite core sandwich cylindrical explosion proof structure as in claim 1, wherein the metal density used for the outer cylinder (1) and the metal cover (41) is greater than 7g/cm³The yield strength is more than 400 MPa.

8. A composite core sandwich cylindrical explosion proof structure as in claim 1, wherein said outer foam core (21) and inner foam core (25) use metal foam having a density of 0.3g/cm³To 0.6g/cm³The yield stress is not less than 30 MPa; the density of the high-strength carbon fibers or glass fibers used by the outer fiber layer (22) is 1.0g/cm³To 3.0g/cm³The tensile strength is more than 400 MPa; the density of the polyurea super elastomer material used by the super elastomer core (23) is 1.0g/cm³To 1.6g/cm³The tensile strength is more than 30MPa, and the elongation at break is more than 500 percent; high strength carbon fiber or high strength glass fiber density for the inner fiber layer (24)At 1.0g/cm³To 3.0g/cm³And the tensile strength is more than 800 MPa.

9. The composite core sandwich cylindrical explosion-proof structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the glass fiber reinforced plastic used for the cylinder (31) is made of synthetic resin and glass fiber by a composite process, and the density is 1.0g/cm³To 1.6g/cm³The melting point is more than 2000 ℃; the inner liner (33) and the pad (34) are made of a metal foam having a density of 0.3g/cm³To 0.6g/cm³And the yield stress is more than 30 MPa.

10. A composite core sandwich cylindrical explosion proof structure as in claim 1, wherein said cover inner core (42) uses a metal foam density of 0.5g/cm³To 2.0g/cm³And the yield stress is more than 30 MPa.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to an explosion-proof structure, and particularly relates to a sandwich cylindrical explosion-proof structure of a composite core body made of three materials, namely metal foam, a super-elastomer and high-strength fibers.

Background

In recent years, terrorist activities are increasingly frequent around the world, terrorists are rampant, and the safety of public places such as squares, railway stations, airports and the like is seriously threatened. Global terrorist activity is common, with explosive attacks being the most common terrorist activity. According to the Global Terrorism Index report (GTI) issued by Institute for Economic and Peace, IEP) at 11 months 2020, 13826 people die globally due to fear in 2019, and at least 1 person dies in 63 countries or regions due to Terrorism. Since 2014, 1588 riot terrorist teams were knocked out in Xinjiang, 12995 riot terrorists were caught, and 2052 explosive devices were paid. In order to deal with explosives or suspected explosives in a timely manner, public places such as stations, airports and the like are generally provided with explosion-proof tanks capable of handling emergency situations. The explosion-proof tank is an explosion protection structure which limits explosion shock waves, fragments and detonation products in the structure and effectively protects personnel, equipment and environment safety.

The novel light and portable foam sandwich explosion-proof structure is convenient for flexibly and flexibly treating suspicious explosives and transporting dangerous explosives, and has very important practical significance in the civil and military fields. The sandwich cylinder has light weight and strong anti-explosion capability, and can meet the urgent requirement of portability of the anti-explosion tank. The sandwich cylinder absorbs kinetic energy and internal energy generated by explosion through deformation and destruction of a sandwich structure, simultaneously restrains impact energy, and finally releases residual explosion energy through an opening at the upper end to reduce the destruction. The traditional foam sandwich cylinder consists of an inner layer metal cylinder shell, an outer layer metal cylinder shell and a low-density foam core body clamped between the inner layer metal cylinder shell and the outer layer metal cylinder shell. The metal cylinder has high bending resistance and tensile strength and can bear the tensile and compressive loads caused by the explosive shock waves. The foam core has a longer stress platform in a compression stress-strain curve and shows excellent energy absorption characteristics. The wave impedance design of the "hard-soft-hard" configuration of the foam sandwich cylinder has excellent shock wave attenuation and damping effects. However, in real terrorist activities, explosion often involves extremely aggressive fragments in addition to the explosive shock wave. When the explosive explodes in the protective structure, the time sequences of the explosive shock waves and the high-speed fragments acting on the structure are basically consistent, and the explosive shock waves and the high-speed fragments form combined loads. An obvious synergistic effect exists between the explosive shock waves and the high-speed fragment combined load, and the coupling effect on the structure is far greater than the simple superposition of the single effect. At present, the traditional foam sandwich cylinder mainly focuses on the protection of explosion shock waves, the protection of high-speed fragments is difficult to realize, and the protection capability of the combined load of the explosion shock waves and the fragments is weaker.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the existing foam sandwich cylindrical explosion-proof structure is insufficient in protection capacity for combined load of explosion shock waves and high-speed fragments, provides a composite core sandwich cylindrical explosion-proof structure, and improves the performance of the structure for resisting the combined load of the explosion shock waves and the fragments.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the whole body of the invention is a cylinder with the bottom, which consists of an external cylinder, a composite core body, an internal cylinder and a bottom end cover, wherein the external cylinder, the composite core body and the internal cylinder form the side wall surface of the cylinder with the bottom, and the bottom end cover is the bottom of the cylinder with the bottom. It is defined that the end of the invention where the bottom end cap is installed is the lower end (i.e., closed end), the end where the bottom end cap is not installed is the upper end (i.e., open end), and the interior of the inner cylinder is the interior of the invention for storing explosives. The outer diameter of the invention is D, D is determined according to the anti-knock requirement, and the invention satisfies that D is more than 0.1m and less than 2m, the height is H, and D is less than H and less than 3D.

The inner cylinder, the composite core body and the outer cylinder are coaxially assembled from inside to outside, the bottom end cover is welded on the lower end face of the composite core body, the outer cylinder is sleeved on the side wall of the composite core body and the side wall of the bottom end cover, the upper end face of the outer cylinder is flush with the upper end face of the composite core body, and the lower end face of the outer cylinder is flush with the lower end face of the bottom end cover. The outer cylinder, the composite core body and the inner cylinder form a sandwich structure, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are panels of the sandwich structure, and the composite core body is a core body of the sandwich structure.

The outer cylinder is cylindrical, the height is equal to H, the outer diameter is equal to D, the inner diameter is D, and the requirement of 0.9D is met<d<0.98D. The outer cylinder is made of metal and has a density of more than 7g/cm³The yield strength is more than 400 MPa. The outer cylinder is used to wrap the composite core and the bottom end cap. The composite core body obtains the integral movement speed under the action of the inner cylinder and the fragments, and impacts the outer cylinder with the fragments with a certain residual speed. When the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are equal in speed, the inner cylinder begins to separate from the composite core, and meanwhile, the speed of the outer cylinder begins to gradually decrease under the action of hoop stress until the kinetic energy is completely dissipated.

The composite core body is cylindrical, the outer diameter is equal to d, and the inner diameter is d₁Satisfy 0.6d<d₁<0.9d, height hSatisfies 0.85H<h<0.95H. The composite core body consists of an outer foam core body, an outer fiber layer, a super-elastomer core body, an inner fiber layer and an inner foam core body. The inner foam core body, the inner fiber layer, the super-elastomer core body, the outer fiber layer and the outer foam core body are coaxially assembled from inside to outside, the upper end face and the lower end face of the inner foam core body are flush, and the height of the inner foam core body is equal to h. The outer foam core, the outer fiber layer, the super-elastomer core, the inner fiber layer and the inner foam core are all cylindrical, and the wall thickness is t₁、t₂、t₃、t₄、t₅Satisfies 0.05D<t₁<0.2D，0.01D<t₂<0.03D，0.05D<t₃<0.2D， 0.01D<t₄<0.03D，0.05D<t₅<0.2D. The outer foam core material is metal foam with the density of 0.3g/cm³To 0.6g/cm³And the yield stress is not less than 30 MPa. The outer fiber layer is made of high-strength carbon fiber or glass fiber with the density of 1.0g/cm³To 3.0g/cm³And the tensile strength is more than 400 MPa. The super elastomer core material is polyurea super elastomer material with the density of 1.0g/cm³To 1.6g/cm³The tensile strength is more than 30MPa, and the elongation at break is more than 500%. The inner fiber layer is made of high-strength carbon fiber or high-strength glass fiber with the density of 1.0g/cm³To 3.0g/cm³And the tensile strength is more than 800 MPa. The inner foam core body is metal foam with the density of 0.3g/cm³To 0.6g/cm³And the yield stress is not less than 30 MPa. The inner foam core body is located on the innermost side of the composite core body, bears the impact of explosive shock waves and high-speed fragment combined loads, interferes the original impact direction of the combined loads by means of the nonuniformity of the microstructure of the outer foam core body material, absorbs part of the kinetic energy of the combined loads, and simultaneously greatly reduces the amplitude of shock wave loads. The outer foam core body is located on the outermost side of the composite core body, and when the outer fiber layer, the super-elastomer core body and the inner fiber layer bear loads and expand outwards integrally, the outer foam core body slows down the outward movement of the whole composite core body and absorbs the kinetic energy of the part of the composite core body. The inner fiber layer, the super-elastomer core and the outer fiber layer are important parts for protecting explosive shock waves and high-speed fragments. The inner and outer fibrous layers sandwich the superelastic core. When explodingWhen the shock waves and the high-speed fragments act with the inner fiber layer, the inner fiber layer can intercept part of the high-speed fragments, the part of the high-speed fragments penetrate through the inner fiber layer to enter the super-elastic body core, and part of the shock waves enter the super-elastic body core from the fragment perforation. The super-elastomer core is made of polyurea super-elastomer, has a glass state when subjected to impact load, has excellent buffering, energy absorption and impact resistance, and has a good protection effect on impact waves and fragment load. Meanwhile, the polyurea super elastomer has strong self-healing capability (namely, the crack of a failure part is repaired), and the failure propagation caused by combined load can be effectively prevented. The outer fibrous layer further protects against high speed fragments that rarely penetrate the core of the superelastic body.

The inner cylinder is a cylinder with a bottom, the height is equal to h, and the outer diameter is equal to d₁Inner diameter of d₂Satisfy 0.8d₁<d₂<0.95d₁. The inner cylinder consists of a cylinder, a coating, a lining and a cushion block, the coating is a super-elastic body sprayed on the outer side surface of the cylinder, the upper end surface of the cushion block is bonded with the bottom surface of the cylinder and the bottom of the coating, and the lower end surface of the cushion block is bonded with the bottom end cover. The cylinder being a cylinder having a bottom surface with an internal diameter equal to d₂The thicknesses of the side wall and the cylinder bottom are both e and meet the requirement of 0.02D<e<0.2D. The cylinder material is glass fiber reinforced plastic, is a novel functional material prepared by a composite process of synthetic resin and glass fiber, and has a density of 1.0g/cm³To 1.6g/cm³The melting point is above 2000 ℃. The coating is a polyurea super elastomer coating with the thickness of f and meets 0.1e<f<0.5 e. The lining is in a cylindrical shape with a right-angled triangle-shaped side wall section, is coaxially nested in the cylinder, and the bottom surface of the cylinder is separated from the cushion block. The outside diameter of the lining is equal to d₂Height of h₂Satisfies 0.2h<h₂<0.4h, the angle of the vertex angle of the right-angled triangle at the cross section of the side wall is w, and the requirement of 5 DEG is met<w<At 45 deg., the cross section of the side wall makes the upper side wall of the lining thin and the lower side wall thick, so that after the explosive enters from the opening end of the invention, the explosive slides directly into the central part of the bottom of the inner cylinder. The lining is made of metal foam and has a density of 0.3g/cm³To 0.6g/cm³And the yield stress is more than 30 MPa. Cushion blockIs cylindrical and has a diameter equal to d₂Height of h₁Satisfies 0.2h<h₁<0.4 h. The cushion block is made of metal foam and has a density of 0.3g/cm³To 0.6g/cm³And the yield stress is more than 30 MPa. The cylinder is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic materials, resists detonation product gas with high temperature and high pressure, and effectively attenuates shock waves and fragment speed. The coating can improve the deformability of the inner cylinder and can effectively inhibit reaming of failed parts when the inner cylinder is subjected to shear failure. The upper end face of the cushion block is bonded with the cylinder and the bottom of the coating, and the lower end face of the cushion block is bonded with the bottom end cover. The cushion block supports the inner cylinder, so that the bottom of the inner cylinder is positioned in the middle of the height direction of the explosion-proof device, a space is reserved between an explosive and the bottom end cover, and the anti-explosion capability of the bottom end cover is improved.

The bottom end cover is in a round cake shape, is the cylinder bottom of the cylinder with the bottom, is positioned below the composite core body, the lower end surface of the bottom end cover is flush with the lower end surface of the outer cylinder, the outer diameter is equal to d, and the height is h₃，h₃H-H. The bottom end cover is composed of a metal cover and a cover inner core body. The metal cover is in a cylindrical shape with a bottom, the outer diameter is equal to d, the inner diameter is g, and the requirement of 0.9d is met₂<g<d₂Height is equal to h₃Depth in the cylinder is h₄Satisfies 0.4h₃<h₄<0.6h₃. The metal cover is made of metal and has a density of more than 7g/cm³The yield strength is more than 400 MPa. The inner core body of the cover is in a round cake shape, the outer diameter is equal to g, and the height is equal to h₄. The inner core body of the cover is made of metal foam and has the density of 0.5g/cm³To 2.0g/cm³And the yield stress is more than 30 MPa. The cover inner core body is coaxially nested in the metal cover and is bonded on the bottom surface of the cylinder in the metal cover, and the upper end surface of the cover inner core body is flush with the upper end surface of the metal cover. The metal cover can prevent the explosion shock wave from leaking from the bottom, so that the invention can be integrally toppled. The cover core body can prevent joint load from simultaneously acting on the metal cover to cause instability or disassembly of the metal cover. When the anti-explosion structure is used, after an explosive enters from the opening end of the anti-explosion structure, the explosive directly slides into the central part (namely the inner cylinder) of the anti-explosion structure through the inner lining and the cushion block, so that the circumferential bearing of the structure is improvedUniformity of exposure to the blast. When an explosive is exploded within the inner cylinder of the present invention, the explosion, in addition to producing an explosive shock wave, is often accompanied by very aggressive fragments. The deformation destruction and energy dissipation process of the invention under the combined load of the internal explosion shock wave and the fragments mainly comprises three main stages:

in the first stage, explosive shock waves and high-speed fragments act on an inner cylinder, and the inner cylinder absorbs shock wave kinetic energy and part of kinetic energy dissipated in the process of fragment impact and penetration to obtain an initial speed to start outward expansion movement. The coating of the inner cylinder can improve the integral deformation capacity of the inner cylinder and inhibit large-area shearing damage at the fragment and perforation positions. The cushion block of the inner cylinder reserves a certain buffer space between the explosive and the bottom end cover of the invention, thereby improving the bottom buffer capacity and stability of the invention.

And in the second stage, the inner foam core body bears the impact of the explosive shock wave and the high-speed fragment combined load, the original impact direction of the combined load is disturbed by the non-uniformity of the material of the outer foam core body, the kinetic energy of part of the combined load is absorbed, and the amplitude of the shock wave load is greatly reduced. When the explosive shock waves and the high-speed fragments act with the inner fiber layer, the inner fiber layer can intercept part of the high-speed fragments, the part of the high-speed fragments penetrate through the inner fiber layer to enter the super-elastic body core, and part of the shock waves enter the super-elastic body core from the fragment perforation. The super-elastomer core is made of polyurea super-elastomer, has a glass state when subjected to impact load, has excellent buffering, energy absorption and impact resistance, and has a good protection effect on impact waves and fragment load. Meanwhile, the polyurea super elastomer has strong self-healing capability and can effectively prevent failure expansion caused by combined load. The outer fibrous layer further protects against high speed fragments that rarely penetrate the core of the superelastic body. When the outer fiber layer, the super-elastomer core and the inner fiber layer bear loads and expand outwards integrally, the outer foam core slows down the outward movement of the composite core integrally and absorbs the kinetic energy of the composite core part.

And in the third stage, the composite core body obtains the integral movement speed under the action of the inner cylinder and the fragments, and the fragments with a certain speed and the fragments impact the outer cylinder. When the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are equal in speed, the inner cylinder begins to separate from the composite core, and meanwhile, the speed of the outer cylinder begins to gradually decrease under the action of hoop stress until the kinetic energy is completely dissipated.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

(1) the composite core body is designed by adopting three materials of metal foam, polyurea super-elastomer and high-strength fiber, has good mechanical properties such as light weight, excellent strength, high energy absorption efficiency and the like, has good explosive shock wave energy absorption capacity, has strong adsorption capacity on high-speed fragments, and has excellent performance in the aspect of explosive shock wave and fragment combined load protection;

(2) the polyurea super-elastomer coating of the inner cylinder can improve the deformation capacity of the inner cylinder, can effectively inhibit reaming of failure positions when the inner cylinder is subjected to shear failure, and the lining and the cushion block can improve the uniformity of the inner cylinder on explosive load bearing, improve the utilization rate of explosive load protection of each part of the inner cylinder and increase the buffer distance from explosives to the bottom of the cylinder.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a sectional view in the direction of fig. 1A-a'.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the whole body of the present invention is a cylinder with bottom, and is composed of an outer cylinder 1, a composite core 2, an inner cylinder 3, and a bottom end cap 4, the outer cylinder 1, the composite core 2, and the inner cylinder 3 constitute the side wall surface of the cylinder with bottom of the present invention, and the bottom end cap 4 is the bottom of the cylinder with bottom. It is defined that the end of the present invention where the bottom end cap 4 is installed is the lower end (i.e., closed end), the end where the bottom end cap 4 is not installed is the upper end (i.e., open end), and the inside of the inner cylinder 3 is the inside of the present invention for storing explosives. The outer diameter of the invention is D, D is determined according to the anti-knock requirement, and the invention satisfies that D is more than 0.1m and less than 2m, the height is H, and D is less than H and less than 3D.

As shown in fig. 2, the inner cylinder 3, the composite core 2, and the outer cylinder 1 are coaxially assembled from inside to outside, the bottom end cap 4 is welded on the lower end face of the composite core 2, the outer cylinder 1 is sleeved on the side walls of the composite core 2 and the bottom end cap 4, the upper end face of the outer cylinder 1 is flush with the upper end face of the composite core 2, and the lower end face of the outer cylinder 1 is flush with the lower end face of the bottom end cap 4. The outer cylinder 1, the composite core 2 and the inner cylinder 3 form a sandwich structure, the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 3 are panels of the sandwich structure, and the composite core 2 is a core of the sandwich structure.

The outer cylinder 1 is cylindrical, has a height equal to H, an outer diameter equal to D and an inner diameter D, and satisfies 0.9D<d<0.98D. The material of the outer cylinder 1 is metal and the density is more than 7g/cm³The yield strength is more than 400 MPa. The outer cylinder 1 is used to wrap the composite core 2 and the bottom end cap 4. The composite core body 2 obtains the integral movement speed under the action of the inner cylinder 3 and the fragments, and the fragments with a certain speed are impacted on the outer cylinder 1. When the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 1 are equal in speed, the inner cylinder 3 starts to separate from the composite core 2, and simultaneously the outer cylinder 1 starts to gradually decrease in speed under the action of hoop stress until the kinetic energy is completely dissipated.

The composite core body 2 is cylindrical, the outer diameter is equal to d, and the inner diameter is d₁Satisfy 0.6d<d₁<0.9d and a height H of 0.85H<h<0.95H. The composite core body 2 is composed of an outer foam core body 21, an outer fiber layer 22, a super elastomer core body 23, an inner fiber layer 24 and an inner foam core body 25. Inner foam core 25, interior fibrous layer 24, super elastomer core 23, outer fibrous layer 22, outer foam core 21, from inside to outside coaxial assembly, and the up-down terminal surface flushes, and the height all equals h. The outer foam core 21, the outer fiber layer 22, the super elastomer core 23, the inner fiber layer 24, and the inner foam core 25 are all cylindrical, and have wall thicknesses t₁、t₂、t₃、t₄、t₅Satisfies 0.05D<t₁<0.2D，0.01D<t₂<0.03D，0.05D<t₃<0.2D，0.01D<t₄<0.03D，0.05D<t₅<0.2D. The outer foam core 21 is made of metal foam and has a density of 0.3g/cm³To 0.6g/cm³And the yield stress is not less than 30 MPa. Outer coverThe fiber layer 22 is made of high-strength carbon fiber or glass fiber with density of 1.0g/cm³To 3.0g/cm³And the tensile strength is more than 400 MPa. The super elastomer core 23 is made of polyurea super elastomer material with the density of 1.0g/cm³To 1.6g/cm³The tensile strength is more than 30MPa, and the elongation at break is more than 500%. The inner fiber layer 24 is made of high-strength carbon fiber or high-strength glass fiber with the density of 1.0g/cm³To 3.0g/cm³And the tensile strength is more than 800 MPa. The inner foam core 25 is a metal foam having a density of 0.3g/cm³To 0.6g/cm³And the yield stress is not less than 30 MPa. The inner foam core 25 is located at the innermost side of the composite core 2, bears the impact of explosive shock waves and high-speed fragment combined load, interferes the original impact direction of the combined load by means of the nonuniformity of the microstructure of the material of the outer foam core 21, absorbs part of the combined load kinetic energy, and simultaneously greatly reduces the amplitude of the shock wave load. The outer foam core 21 is located on the outermost side of the composite core 2, and when the outer fiber layer 22, the super-elastomer core 23 and the inner fiber layer 24 bear loads and expand outwards integrally, the outer foam core 21 slows down the outward movement of the composite core 2 integrally and absorbs the kinetic energy of the composite core 2. The inner fiber layer 24, the superelastic core 23, and the outer fiber layer 22 are important components for protection against blast shock waves and high speed fragmentation. The inner fiber layer 24 and the outer fiber layer 22 sandwich the superelastic core 23. When the blast shock wave and the high-speed fragment act on the inner fiber layer 24, the inner fiber layer 24 can intercept part of the high-speed fragment, part of the high-speed fragment penetrates through the inner fiber layer 24 to enter the super-elastomer core 23, and part of the blast shock wave enters the super-elastomer core 23 from the fragment perforation. The super-elastomer core 23 is made of polyurea super-elastomer, has a glass state when subjected to impact load, has excellent buffering, energy absorption and impact resistance, and has a good protection effect on impact waves and fragment load. Meanwhile, the polyurea super elastomer has strong self-healing capability and can effectively prevent failure expansion caused by combined load. The outer fibrous layer 22 further protects against high speed fragments that rarely penetrate the superelastic core 23.

The inner cylinder 3 is cylindrical with a bottom, the height is equal to h, and the outer diameter is equal to d₁Inner diameter of d₂Is full ofFoot 0.8d₁<d₂<0.95d₁. The inner cylinder 3 consists of a cylinder 31, a coating 32, a lining 33 and a cushion block 34, wherein the coating 32 is a super-elastomer coating sprayed on the outer side surface of the cylinder 31, the upper end surface of the cushion block 34 is bonded with the bottom surface of the cylinder 31 and the bottom of the coating 32, and the lower end surface of the cushion block 34 is bonded with the bottom end cover 4. The cylinder 31 is a cylinder having a bottom surface with an inner diameter equal to d₂The thicknesses of the side wall and the cylinder bottom are both e and meet the requirement of 0.02D<e<0.2D. The cylinder 31 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, is a novel functional material prepared by a composite process of synthetic resin and glass fiber, and has a density of 1.0g/cm³To 1.6g/cm³The melting point is above 2000 ℃. The coating 32 is a polyurea super elastomer coating with a thickness f, satisfying 0.1e<f<0.5 e. The liner 33 is cylindrical with a right-angled triangle-shaped side wall cross section, and is coaxially fitted in the cylinder 31 with the bottom surface of the liner 33 and the bottom surface of the cylinder 31 interposed between the spacers 34. The outside diameter of the liner 33 is equal to d₂Height of h₂Satisfies 0.2h<h₂<0.4h, the angle of the vertex angle of the right-angled triangle at the cross section of the side wall is w, and the requirement of 5 DEG is met<w<At 45 deg., this sidewall cross-section makes the upper sidewall of liner 33 thin and the lower sidewall thick, so that after the explosive enters through the open end of the present invention, the explosive slides directly into the bottom center of inner cylinder 3. The lining 33 is made of metal foam and has a density of 0.3g/cm³To 0.6g/cm³And the yield stress is more than 30 MPa. The spacer 34 is cylindrical and has a diameter equal to d₂Height of h₁Satisfies 0.2h<h₁<0.4 h. The cushion block 34 is made of metal foam and has a density of 0.3g/cm³To 0.6g/cm³And the yield stress is more than 30 MPa. The cylinder 31 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic material, resists detonation product gas with high temperature and high pressure, and effectively attenuates shock waves and fragment speed. The coating 32 on the outside of the cylinder 31 is a polyurea super elastomer coating, which can improve the deformability of the inner cylinder 3 and effectively suppress the reaming of the failure site when the inner cylinder is sheared and broken. The upper end surface of the pad 34 is bonded to the bottom of the cylinder 31 and the coating 32, and the lower end surface is bonded to the bottom end cap 4. The spacer 34 supports the inner cylinder 3 so that the bottom of the inner cylinder 3 is located at the middle of the height direction of the present invention,a space is reserved between the explosive and the bottom end cover 4, and the anti-explosion capability of the bottom end cover 4 is improved.

The bottom end cover 4 is in a round cake shape, is the cylinder bottom of the cylinder with the bottom and is positioned below the composite core body 2, the lower end surface of the bottom end cover 4 is flush with the lower end surface of the outer cylinder 1, the outer diameter is equal to d, and the height is h₃，h₃H-H. The bottom end cap 4 is composed of a metal cap 41 and a cap core body 42. The metal cover 41 is in a cylindrical shape with a bottom, the outer diameter is equal to d, the inner diameter is g, and the requirement of 0.9d is met₂<g<d₂Height is equal to h₃Depth in the cylinder is h₄Satisfies 0.4h₃<h₄<0.6h₃. The metal cover 41 is made of metal and has a density of more than 7g/cm³The yield strength is more than 400 MPa. The cover inner core body 42 is in a shape of a round cake, the outer diameter is equal to g, and the height is equal to h₄. The cover inner core body 42 is made of metal foam and has a density of 0.5g/cm³To 2.0g/cm³And the yield stress is more than 30 MPa. The lid inner core 42 is coaxially nested in the metal lid 41 and bonded to the inner cylindrical bottom surface of the metal lid 41, and the upper end surface of the lid inner core 42 is flush with the upper end surface of the metal lid 41. The metal cover 41 prevents the blast shock wave from leaking out from the bottom, causing the present invention to topple over as a whole. The cap core body 42 prevents the joint load from simultaneously acting on the metal cap 41, causing the metal cap 41 to be unstable or to be disassembled.