阅读说明：本技术 一种监测草甸退化速率的方法 (Method for monitoring degradation rate of meadow ) 是由 尚占环 周琼 王采娥 黄梅 王文银 张涛 马林 党志强 施建军 王晓丽 李世雄 于 2021-07-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于生态环境技术领域,具体的说是一种监测草甸退化速率的方法,包括以下步骤：S1：固定样方长期影像监测的方法：在高寒草甸退化的边缘或者是秃斑的边缘设置固定样方,定期对其进行拍照；对每次拍得的照片进行分析；根据时间间隔以及照片中退化草地的边缘或者是秃斑边缘的变化量计算其退化速率；S2：秃斑边缘土壤侵蚀量监测的方法：在高寒草甸退化的边缘或者是秃斑的边缘设置侵蚀土壤的收集装置,定期对其进行收集,并对其进行烘干称重；对多次称得的数据进行分析；根据时间间隔以及侵蚀土壤质量的变化量计算其退化速率。(The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment, and particularly relates to a method for monitoring the degradation rate of a meadow, which comprises the following steps: s1: the method for monitoring the long-term image of the fixed sample comprises the following steps: setting a fixed sample on the degraded edge of the alpine meadow or the bald spot edge, and taking a picture of the sample at regular intervals; analyzing the photos shot each time; calculating the degradation rate of the degraded grass according to the time interval and the change quantity of the degraded grass edge or bald edge in the picture; s2: the method for monitoring the erosion amount of the bald spot edge soil comprises the following steps: arranging a collection device of eroded soil at the degraded edge of the alpine meadow or the bald spot edge, collecting the eroded soil periodically, and drying and weighing the eroded soil; analyzing the data obtained by multiple times of weighing; and calculating the degradation rate of the soil according to the time interval and the variable quantity of the quality of the eroded soil.)

1. A method for monitoring the degradation rate of a meadow is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: the method for monitoring the long-term image of the fixed sample comprises the following steps: setting a fixed sample on the degraded edge of the alpine meadow or the bald spot edge, and taking a picture of the sample at regular intervals; analyzing the photos shot each time; the degradation rate is calculated from the time interval and the amount of change in the edge of the degraded grass or bald edge in the photograph.

2. The method of monitoring the rate of meadow degradation as recited in claim 1, wherein:

s2: the method for monitoring the erosion amount of the bald spot edge soil comprises the following steps: arranging a collection device of eroded soil at the degraded edge of the alpine meadow or the bald spot edge, collecting the eroded soil periodically, and drying and weighing the eroded soil; analyzing the data obtained by multiple times of weighing; and calculating the degradation rate of the soil according to the time interval and the variable quantity of the quality of the eroded soil.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment, and particularly relates to a method for monitoring the degradation rate of a meadow.

Background

At present, scientists develop a great deal of research on evaluation indexes, degradation mechanisms and the like related to grassland degradation; the degradation rate and the degradation process of the alpine grassland are the key points and the difficulties of the research related to the grassland degradation; however, there is a continuing lack of monitoring methods for the rate of deterioration of alpine grasses, particularly bald and alpine grasses; the method is based on a large amount of field observation and accumulation of documents, and adopts an innovative method to monitor the degradation rate of the alpine grassland, particularly the bald and spotty alpine grassland; can provide thinking and basis for grassland researchers.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up for the defects of the prior art and monitor the degradation rate of degraded alpine grassland, particularly bald spongiform degraded alpine grassland, the invention provides a method for monitoring the degradation rate of meadow.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention discloses a method for monitoring the degradation rate of a meadow, which comprises the following steps:

s1: the method for monitoring the long-term image of the fixed sample comprises the following steps: setting a fixed sample on the degraded edge of the alpine meadow or the bald spot edge, and taking a picture of the sample at regular intervals; analyzing the photos shot each time; the degradation rate is calculated from the time interval and the amount of change in the edge of the degraded grass or bald edge in the photograph.

S2: the method for monitoring the erosion amount of the bald spot edge soil comprises the following steps: arranging a collection device of eroded soil at the degraded edge of the alpine meadow or the bald spot edge, collecting the eroded soil periodically, and drying and weighing the eroded soil; analyzing the data obtained by multiple times of weighing; and calculating the degradation rate of the soil according to the time interval and the variable quantity of the quality of the eroded soil.

The ecological system repair, maintenance and management become a worldwide problem due to the characteristics of high coldness, sensitivity and fragility of the Qinghai-Tibet height; the academia generally held that the grass ecosystem of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau has degraded severely in the past half century; the grassland degradation not only changes the vegetation on the ground and the underground root system, but also changes the properties (such as gradient, roughness and the like) of the ground surface, thereby influencing the physical and chemical properties of the soil; the degradation of alpine grassland is a great challenge to ecological, production and life problems in pasturing areas; the degradation rate and the degradation process of the alpine grassland are the key points and the difficulties of the research related to the grassland degradation; baldness spotting is the initiation and process of alpine meadow degeneration (fig. 1); the method comprises the following steps that at the present stage, the degradation rate of the alpine grassland is monitored mainly through remote sensing data, influences of different time periods are monitored, and then the degradation rate of the grassland in a certain time period is calculated; the method is based on a large amount of field observation and accumulation of literature knowledge, and the degradation rate of the alpine grassland, especially the bald alpine grassland, is monitored by combining long-term image monitoring of a fixed sample with the method of the bald spot edge soil erosion amount.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a method for monitoring the degradation rate of a meadow, which has the characteristics of simple structure, simple principle, convenience in use and capability of accurately monitoring the degradation rate of an alpine meadow.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is an exemplary view of a bald deteriorated alpine grassland field landscape ((c, d) and bald land (a, b) winter (b, d) and summer (a, c)) of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for long-term image monitoring of a fixed sample in accordance with the present invention; (fixed sample is taken regularly, and the degradation rate of the fixed sample is calculated by calculating the area difference in a plurality of groups of photo images through software);

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a method for monitoring the amount of soil erosion at the bald spot margin; (collecting and weighing the bald spots or the soil eroded by the edges of a degraded meadow periodically, and further calculating the degradation rate of the bald spots or the soil;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the steps of a method for long-term image monitoring of a fixed sample;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the method steps for monitoring the amount of soil erosion at the bald spot margin;

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Specific examples are given below.

Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a method for monitoring the rate of meadow degradation, comprising the following steps:

s1: the method for monitoring the long-term image of the fixed sample comprises the following steps: setting a fixed sample on the degraded edge of the alpine meadow or the bald spot edge, and taking a picture of the sample at regular intervals; analyzing the photos shot each time; the degradation rate is calculated from the time interval and the amount of change in the edge of the degraded grass or bald edge in the photograph.

S2: the method for monitoring the erosion amount of the bald spot edge soil comprises the following steps: arranging a collection device of eroded soil at the degraded edge of the alpine meadow or the bald spot edge, collecting the eroded soil periodically, and drying and weighing the eroded soil; analyzing the data obtained by multiple times of weighing; and calculating the degradation rate of the soil according to the time interval and the variable quantity of the quality of the eroded soil.

The ecological system repair, maintenance and management become a worldwide problem due to the characteristics of high coldness, sensitivity and fragility of the Qinghai-Tibet height; the academia generally held that the grass ecosystem of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau has degraded severely in the past half century; the grassland degradation not only changes the vegetation on the ground and the underground root system, but also changes the properties (such as gradient, roughness and the like) of the ground surface, thereby influencing the physical and chemical properties of the soil; the degradation of alpine grassland is a great challenge to ecological, production and life problems in pasturing areas; the degradation rate and the degradation process of the alpine grassland are the key points and the difficulties of the research related to the grassland degradation; baldness spotting is the initiation and process of alpine meadow degeneration (fig. 1); the method comprises the following steps that at the present stage, the degradation rate of the alpine grassland is monitored mainly through remote sensing data, influences of different time periods are monitored, and then the degradation rate of the grassland in a certain time period is calculated; the method is based on a large amount of field observation and accumulation of literature knowledge, and the degradation rate of the alpine grassland, especially the bald alpine grassland, is monitored by combining long-term image monitoring of a fixed sample with the method of the bald spot edge soil erosion amount.

The patent combines two methods, can monitor the degradation rate of a fast degradation alpine meadow and the degradation rate of a small amount of slow degradation alpine meadow; the method for monitoring the long-term image of the fixed sample can calculate the degradation rate of the alpine grassland with higher degradation rate; however, the method of fixed-sample long-term image monitoring is not perfect in this monitoring method; when the degradation rate of the alpine grassland is very slow, the degradation rate is monitored by using an image method and can be monitored only in a long time; therefore, the slow degradation rate can be monitored by the method for monitoring the erosion amount of the bald edge soil.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.