阅读说明：本技术 一种高分子复合材料及其制备方法 (Polymer composite material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 江芳 杨雷 于 2021-08-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于高分子技术领域,具体涉及一种高分子复合材料,由高性能材料改性发泡珠粒和树脂制备而成,并提供了详细的制备方法。本发明以高性能改性的发泡珠粒为复合材料,其自身的多孔、轻质、易缓冲的特性,确保其在树脂基体内构建连续的立体网络结构,可实现性能可控的高分子复合材料的制备；该制备方法具有很强的可设计性,其过程易于实施和控制,成本低,所获得材料在导热、导电材料等方面具有广阔的应用前景。(The invention belongs to the technical field of macromolecules, and particularly relates to a macromolecular composite material which is prepared from high-performance material modified foaming beads and resin, and provides a detailed preparation method. The invention takes the high-performance modified foaming beads as the composite material, and the characteristics of porosity, light weight and easy buffering of the composite material ensure that the composite material constructs a continuous three-dimensional network structure in a resin matrix, thereby realizing the preparation of the performance-controllable high-molecular composite material; the preparation method has strong designability, the process is easy to implement and control, the cost is low, and the obtained material has wide application prospects in the aspects of heat-conducting materials, electric-conducting materials and the like.)

1. A polymer composite characterized by: the resin foam is prepared from expanded beads and resin, and the expanded beads contain high-performance materials.

2. The polymer composite material according to claim 1, wherein: the mass percentage of the foaming beads in the composite material is 20-30%, and the resin percentage is 70-80%.

3. The polymer composite material according to claim 1, wherein: the high-performance material is coated on the surface of the foaming bead.

4. The polymer composite material according to claim 3, wherein: the mass percentage of the high-performance material in the foaming beads is 1-30%.

5. The polymer composite material according to claim 3, wherein: the high performance material includes electrically conductive nanoparticles or thermally conductive nanoparticles.

6. The polymer composite material according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the polymer composite material comprises the following steps:

step 1, adding a high-performance material into distilled water to prepare a high-performance material suspension, and then wrapping the high-performance material on the surface of the expanded bead by adopting a pulling and dipping method to obtain a high-performance material modified expanded bead;

and 2, arranging the high-performance material modified foaming beads in a mold, and then adding resin for compounding to obtain the high-molecular composite material with excellent performance.

7. The polymer composite according to claim 6, wherein: the high-performance material suspension adopts conductive nanoparticles or heat-conducting nanoparticles, and the concentration of the high-performance material in the high-performance material suspension is 1-30 g/L.

8. The polymer composite according to claim 6, wherein: and 2, arranging the foaming beads in the mould in a layer-by-layer assembling mode to form a specific structure.

9. The polymer composite according to claim 6, wherein: the compounding in the step 2 adopts one of in-situ polymerization, vacuum infusion and solution casting.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a high polymer composite material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The polymer material has the advantages of light weight, high specific strength, excellent electrical insulation performance, easy molding and processing, excellent chemical stability, low cost and the like, and is often used for electronic component interfaces, packaging materials, high-voltage converter valves and saturable reactors. However, most of the polymer materials have poor electrical and thermal conductivity, and cannot meet different requirements in the fields of electronic components and the like. Therefore, the research and development of the polymer composite material with excellent performance have important significance for the practical application of materials in various related fields.

The polymer foaming bead has the advantages of light weight, buffering, high toughness, easy molding and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of packaging, sports goods, automobiles and the like. But the application of the functional polymer composite material is relatively deficient.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-molecular composite material, which takes high-performance modified foaming beads as the composite material, ensures that the composite material constructs a continuous three-dimensional network structure in a resin matrix due to the characteristics of porosity, light weight and easy buffering, and can realize the preparation of the high-molecular composite material with controllable performance; the preparation method has strong designability, the process is easy to implement and control, the cost is low, and the obtained material has wide application prospects in the aspects of heat-conducting materials, electric-conducting materials and the like.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a high-molecular composite material is prepared from expanded beads and resin, wherein the expanded beads contain high-performance materials, and the mass percentage of the high-performance materials in the expanded beads is 1-30%.

The mass percentage of the foaming beads in the composite material is 20-30%, and the resin percentage is 70-80%.

The high-performance material is coated on the surface of the foaming bead.

Further, the high-performance material includes electrically conductive nanoparticles or thermally conductive nanoparticles.

The preparation method of the polymer composite material comprises the following steps:

step 1, adding a high-performance material into distilled water to prepare a high-performance material suspension, and then wrapping the high-performance material on the surface of the expanded bead by adopting a pulling and dipping method to obtain a high-performance material modified expanded bead; the high-performance material suspension adopts conductive nanoparticles or heat-conducting nanoparticles, and the concentration of high-performance materials in the high-performance material suspension is 1-30 g/L; in the lift dip method: dipping time: 1-60s, dipping times: 1-10 times, interval: 1-1200 s;

step 2, arranging the high-performance material modified foaming beads in a mold, and then adding resin for compounding to obtain a high-molecular composite material with excellent performance, wherein the foaming beads in the mold are arranged in a layer-by-layer assembling manner to form a specific structure; the compounding adopts one of in-situ polymerization, vacuum infusion and solution casting.

From the above description, it can be seen that the present invention has the following advantages:

1. the invention fills the application of polymer foaming beads in the field of polymer composite materials, utilizes the foaming beads to construct a continuous three-dimensional network structure in the polymer materials, is beneficial to improving the performance of the polymer composite materials, and effectively solves the problem of filler dispersibility.

2. The invention adopts the foamed beads as the elastic material, has excellent mechanical property, and can keep the elasticity of the foamed beads, reduce the filling amount of the high-performance material and reduce the cost by compounding the foamed beads with the high-performance material.

3. The invention realizes the foaming beads with different performances by utilizing the controllable and ordered assembly of the high-performance material and the foaming beads, thereby realizing the controllable preparation of the performance of the high-molecular composite material.

4. According to the invention, the foamed beads are subjected to surface high-performance material modification by adopting a pulling and dipping mode, and the permeability of liquid can enter the interior of the foamed beads, so that the effect of surface covering is achieved, and the specific surface modification of the foamed beads is formed.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the embodiments, but the claims of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Example 1

The polymer composite material is prepared from 20% of foamed polyurethane and 80% of polyamide, wherein the surface of the foamed polyurethane is coated with boron nitride, and the addition amount of the boron nitride is 20% of the mass of the polyurethane.

The preparation method of the polymer composite material comprises the following steps:

step 1, adding boron nitride into distilled water to prepare a boron nitride suspension with the mass concentration of 20g/L, and then wrapping boron nitride on the surface of the foamed polyurethane by adopting a pulling and dipping method to form boron nitride modified foamed polyurethane; in the lift dip method: dipping time: 60s, number of impregnations: 10 times, interval time: 1200 s;

step 2, arranging the boron nitride modified foamed polyurethane in a mold, and then compounding the arranged boron nitride modified foamed polyurethane and polyamide in an in-situ polymerization manner, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: heating and melting epsilon-caprolactam monomer and 6-aminocaproic acid, adding the arranged expanded beads, prepolymerizing at 180 ℃, heating to 250 ℃, and reacting in a nitrogen atmosphere for 4-5 hours until the polymerization is completed to obtain the polyamide composite material with heat conductivity.

The polyamide composite material prepared in example 1 was tested for thermal conductivity, which was 2.0W/(m · K).

Example 2

A polymer composite material is prepared from 30% of foamed polypropylene and 70% of polyethylene glycol, wherein the surface of the foamed polypropylene is coated with electric and heat conduction nano-particle graphene. The addition amount of the graphene is 10% of the mass of the polypropylene.

The preparation method of the polymer composite material comprises the following steps:

step 1, adding graphene into distilled water to prepare a graphene turbid liquid with the mass concentration of 10g/L, and then wrapping the graphene on the surface of foamed polypropylene by adopting a pulling and dipping method to form graphene modified foamed polypropylene; in the lift dip method: dipping time: 60s, number of impregnations: 10 times, interval time: 1200 s;

step 2, arranging the graphene modified foamed polypropylene in a mold, and then compounding the arranged graphene modified foamed polypropylene and polyethylene glycol in a vacuum infusion manner, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: adding the molten polyethylene glycol into the arranged foamed polypropylene, and vacuumizing for 4-5h at 70 ℃ to obtain the polyethylene glycol composite material with electric and thermal conductivity.

The polyethylene glycol composite material prepared in example 2 was tested for electrical and thermal conductivity, and it had a thermal conductivity of 2.5W/(m.K) and an electrical conductivity of 3.2X 10^-2S/cm。

Example 3

The polymer composite material is prepared from 25% of foamed polyamide and 75% of thermoplastic polyurethane, wherein the surface of the foamed polyamide is coated with alumina, and the addition amount of the alumina is 15% of the mass of the polyamide.

The preparation method of the polymer composite material comprises the following steps:

step 1, adding alumina into distilled water to prepare alumina suspension with the mass concentration of 5g/L, and then coating the alumina on the surface of foamed polyamide by adopting a dip-coating method to form alumina modified foamed polyamide; in the lift dip method: dipping time: 30s, number of impregnations: 10 times, interval time: 600 s;

and 2, arranging the alumina modified foamed polyamide in a mold, and then compounding the arranged alumina modified foamed polyamide and the thermoplastic polyurethane in a solution casting manner to obtain the polyurethane composite material with the heat conductivity.

The thermal conductivity of the polyurethane composite prepared in example 3 was measured, and was 1.0W/(m.K).

It should be understood that the detailed description of the invention is merely illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified or substituted equally as well to achieve the same technical result; as long as the use requirements are met, the method is within the protection scope of the invention.