阅读说明：本技术 一种活塞注液式金属空气电池及其使用方法 (Piston liquid injection type metal-air battery and use method thereof ) 是由 李岩 龚昊 丁晨 于 2021-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种活塞注液式金属空气电池,主要包括金属阳极、空气阴极、顶盖、底座、正负极柱以及活塞装置。所述金属阳极为空心管状套固定在顶盖和底座之间；所述空气阴极上下端内侧面固定在顶盖和底盖侧面,并和金属阳极保持一定距离；所述正、负极柱固定在顶盖、底座上,分别和集流体和金属阳极连接固定；所述活塞装置包含活塞筒、活塞杆以及橡胶环,整体布置在金属阳极中心孔内。所述活塞杆利用卡环固定在顶盖上。注液时,拔掉顶盖上的孔塞,去掉卡环,推动活塞杆,在压力作用下将电解液注入到空气阴极和金属阳极之间的腔室内。本发明所提供的活塞注液方式操作简便,提高了电池空间利用率,给金属空气电池产业化提供参考。(The invention provides a piston liquid injection type metal-air battery which mainly comprises a metal anode, an air cathode, a top cover, a base, positive and negative poles and a piston device. The metal anode is a hollow tubular sleeve and is fixed between the top cover and the base; the inner side surfaces of the upper end and the lower end of the air cathode are fixed on the side surfaces of the top cover and the bottom cover and keep a certain distance with the metal anode; the positive pole and the negative pole are fixed on the top cover and the base and are respectively connected and fixed with the current collector and the metal anode; the piston device comprises a piston cylinder, a piston rod and a rubber ring, and is integrally arranged in the central hole of the metal anode. The piston rod is fixed on the top cover by utilizing a clamping ring. During liquid injection, the hole plug on the top cover is pulled out, the clamping ring is removed, the piston rod is pushed, and the electrolyte is injected into a cavity between the air cathode and the metal anode under the action of pressure. The piston liquid injection mode provided by the invention is simple and convenient to operate, improves the space utilization rate of the battery, and provides reference for the industrialization of the metal-air battery.)

1. A piston liquid injection type metal-air battery is characterized in that the battery structure mainly comprises an air cathode, a metal anode, a top cover, a base, positive and negative poles and a piston device; the air cathode is fixed on the outer side surfaces of the top cover and the base step in a surrounding manner; the metal anode is in a hollow cylindrical shape and is fixedly attached between the top cover and the step of the base; the positive and negative pole posts are fixed on the top cover and the base and are respectively connected with the air cathode current collector and the metal anode; the piston device is disposed within the central bore of the metal anode.

2. The piston injection type metal-air battery according to claim 1, wherein the air cathode is a rectangular sheet formed by sequentially rolling a catalyst layer, a current collector and a waterproof diffusion layer; one side of the upper catalytic layer and one side of the lower catalytic layer of the air cathode are wound and fixed on the outer side surfaces of the steps of the top cover and the base; the current collector extends to the end face of the base and is connected and fixed with the positive pole; the current collector is made of metal nickel, copper nickel plating and metal with good corrosion resistance and conductivity.

3. The piston-injected metal-air battery of claim 1, wherein the metal anode is hollow and cylindrical and is attached and fixed between the top cover and the base step; and the negative pole column penetrates through the top cover and is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the metal anode.

4. The piston-injected metal-air battery of claim 1, wherein the metal anode material is magnesium and magnesium alloy, zinc and zinc alloy, aluminum and aluminum alloy.

5. The piston-injected metal-air battery as in claim 1, wherein the current collector, the metal anode and the positive and negative posts are connected by means including but not limited to riveting, welding and bolting.

6. The piston flooded metal-air battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top cover and the base are stepped cylinders; the top cover is provided with a central hole, a vent hole and a negative pole column hole; the vent hole is blocked by a hole plug and is opened when in use; the central hole is fixed on the top cover through a piston rod by utilizing a clamping ring; the bottom of the base is a cylindrical thin platform with steps, the center of the thin platform is provided with a fixed step provided with a metal anode and a piston device, and a liquid injection pore channel is arranged inside the step.

7. The piston-injected metal-air battery according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is sealed in advance in a sealed chamber formed by the piston cylinder and the piston rod; the electrolyte is generally a neutral or alkaline electrolyte; the electrolyte includes, but is not limited to, a sodium chloride solution or a sodium hydroxide solution.

8. The piston flooded metal-air battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the piston means is arranged in the central hole of the metal anode; the piston device mainly comprises a piston rod, a piston cylinder, a piston head and a piston ring; the piston ring is fixed on the side part of the piston head and is in sealing fit with the piston cylinder; the piston rod is provided with a clamping groove and is fixed on the top cover through a clamping ring.

9. The use method of the piston liquid injection type metal-air battery according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein when the metal-air battery is used, the hole plug is pulled out, the snap ring is removed, the piston rod is pushed, the electrolyte is injected into the cavity formed by the metal anode and the air cathode, after the injection is completed, the top of the piston rod falls on the top cover to be fixed, the hole plug is plugged, and the battery starts to work.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of energy batteries, in particular to a piston liquid injection type metal-air battery and a using method thereof.

Background

The principle of the metal-air battery is that oxygen is taken from the air to perform the oxidation-reduction reaction, an oxygen reduction catalyst material is provided in the positive electrode, and the material is used to perform the oxidation-reduction reaction on the oxygen adsorbed in the air. During discharge, the metal is oxidized into metal ions at the negative electrode, and the metal moves to the positive electrode side. On the other hand, at the positive electrode, oxygen in the air is reduced to produce hydroxide ions, which combine with the metal ions to form hydroxides. The metal air battery is used as a clean energy source with high energy density and has wide application prospect. At present, the air battery is researched and developed in a plurality of countries including China in the world.

CN101593856A discloses a piston type metal-air battery, which belongs to the battery field, in particular to an application of the piston type metal-air battery as a power battery, and the piston type metal-air battery can automatically finish the replacement of metal materials and electrolyte of the metal-air battery and discharge of reaction residues. The piston type metal-air battery is characterized in that a piston (6) is arranged in a battery body, the piston (6) reciprocates under the drive of a piston rod (8), suction, extrusion and reaction of metal materials and electrolyte are completed in the process of one reciprocating motion, reaction residues are discharged, and continuous and stable electric quantity is further provided.

CN101593857A proposes a piston type metal-air battery pack, in which piston rods of all piston type metal-air batteries with the same size in the pack are connected together through a connecting rod, under the driving of the piston rods, the piston type metal-air batteries in the pack simultaneously complete the reciprocating motion of the pistons, suck in the reactants and the electrolyte required by the same electrochemical reaction, have the same reaction time, and simultaneously discharge the reaction residues out of the battery body, thereby substantially achieving the synchronization of all the batteries in the pack and reducing the problem of battery pack failure caused by a single battery.

CN107768557A provides a metal-air battery structure, which comprises a battery lower shell, a battery upper shell, an air electrode, and a metal electrode; the two groups of air electrodes are arranged on two hollowed-out side surfaces opposite to the square lower battery shell, and the two groups of metal electrodes are arranged inside the lower battery shell and are parallel to the air electrodes; the battery upper shell is arranged on the hollowed top surface of the battery lower shell, and the metal electrode is sealed in the battery lower shell. A separator is arranged in the battery lower shell to separate the two groups of metal electrodes; and a fixing rib and a limiting groove are arranged in the battery lower shell, so that the metal electrode can only move in the inserting direction. The metal-air battery disclosed by the invention optimizes the structure, realizes that the metal electrode can be quickly plugged and replaced, and reduces the complicated operation; the battery capacity is improved and the service life is prolonged by adopting a mode of connecting two groups of electrodes in series; the whole battery structure is low in cost, and can be used and thrown without maintenance.

CN101783428 discloses a low-pressure molding packaging structure of a fuel cell, which comprises: the outer shell is provided with a plurality of vent holes on at least one surface, and a concave first accommodating part is formed on the periphery of the inner surface of each vent hole; an air electrode and an isolation film are superposed on the inner surfaces of the plurality of air holes; a hollow fixed part, which is arranged in the shell, and is provided with an annular flange adjacent to the surface of the isolating membrane in a protruding way, so that a concave second containing part is formed at the outer side of the hollow fixed part, and a C-shaped flow channel is formed by the second and the first containing parts; and a hot melt adhesive layer, which is injected from the pouring opening of the shell or the fixing piece in a low-pressure molding mode to enable the hot melt adhesive to flow in the C-shaped flow channel, so as to tightly adhere and coat the air electrode and the edge of the isolating membrane, and after the hot melt adhesive is cooled and solidified, a ring-shaped hot melt adhesive layer which has elasticity and viscosity and tightly presses the air electrode is formed to block the leakage of liquid in the battery.

US09337469B2 provides a liquid-filled air battery, a liquid-filled air battery pack, and a method of using a liquid-filled air battery or a liquid-filled air battery pack that can be reduced in size. The liquid injection type air battery is provided with: the electrode structure includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and a space serving as both a liquid holding part for holding a liquid constituting an electrolyte of the air battery before injection and a gas circulating part for circulating an oxygen-containing gas forming an active material of the air battery after injection. The liquid injection type air battery pack has a plurality of the above liquid injection type air batteries. In a method of using a liquid-injection type air battery or a liquid-injection type air battery cell, a liquid holding portion for holding a liquid for constituting an electrolyte of the air battery before liquid injection is supplied to an electrode structure, and then, when the liquid in the liquid holding portion reaches a predetermined amount, an oxygen-containing gas is supplied to the liquid holding portion serving also as a gas flow portion through which an oxygen-containing gas for forming an active material of the air battery flows.

Although some progress on the metal-air battery is made in the prior art, some problems still exist in some aspects, for example, most of the current metal-air batteries are in a mechanical battery changing mode, in order to avoid self corrosion of a metal anode caused by contact between the metal anode and an electrolyte and reduce the utilization rate of the anode, although the air battery with a piston type structure exists in the prior art (CN101593857A, CN101593856A), a metal reactant and the electrolyte are added for reaction when the air battery is used, and great inconvenience is brought to operation and popularization of the metal-air battery; in addition, the discharge duration of the existing metal-air battery is related to the size of the metal anode and the capacity of the electrolyte, and if the electrolyte is completely dried before the metal anode is not consumed in the discharge process, the metal anode which does not participate in the discharge is in a self-corrosion state, and the loss of the metal anode is increased, so that how to optimize the structural size of the metal anode and improve the overall space utilization rate of the battery is a problem to be solved in the industrialization process.

Therefore, it is urgently needed to design a metal-air battery with a simplified structure and convenient operation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a piston liquid injection type metal-air battery and a using method thereof, aiming at various problems of the metal-air battery in application and taking improvement of the space utilization rate and the easy operability of the battery as starting points.

The invention provides a piston liquid injection type metal-air battery, which mainly comprises an air cathode, a metal anode, a top cover, a base, positive and negative poles and a piston device, wherein the metal anode is arranged on the air cathode; the air cathode is fixed on the outer side surfaces of the top cover and the base step in a surrounding manner; the metal anode is in a hollow cylindrical shape and is fixedly attached between the top cover and the step of the base; the positive and negative pole posts are fixed on the top cover and the base and are respectively connected with the air cathode current collector and the metal anode; the piston device is disposed within the central bore of the metal anode.

In some preferred embodiments, the air cathode is a rectangular sheet formed by sequentially rolling a catalytic layer, a current collector and a waterproof diffusion layer; one side of the upper catalytic layer and one side of the lower catalytic layer of the air cathode are wound and fixed on the outer side surfaces of the steps of the top cover and the base; the current collector extends to the end face of the base and is fixedly connected with the positive pole column, and the current collector is made of metal nickel, copper nickel plating and metal with good corrosion resistance and conductivity.

In some preferred embodiments, the metal anode is in a hollow cylindrical shape and is fit and fixed between the top cover and the base step; and the negative pole column penetrates through the top cover and is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the metal anode.

In some preferred embodiments, the metal anode material is magnesium and magnesium alloys, zinc and zinc alloys, aluminum and aluminum alloys.

In some preferred embodiments, the current collector, the metal anode, and the positive and negative post connections include, but are not limited to, riveting, welding, and bolting.

In some preferred embodiments, the top cover and the base are cylinders with steps; the top cover is provided with a central hole, a vent hole and a negative pole column hole; the vent hole is blocked by a hole plug and is opened when in use; the central hole is fixed on the top cover through a piston rod by utilizing a clamping ring; the bottom of the base is a cylindrical thin platform with steps, the center of the thin platform is provided with a fixed step provided with a metal anode and a piston device, and a liquid injection pore channel is arranged inside the step.

In some preferred embodiments, the electrolyte is sealed in a sealed cavity formed by the piston cylinder and the piston rod in advance; the electrolyte is generally a neutral or alkaline electrolyte; the electrolyte includes, but is not limited to, a sodium chloride solution or a sodium hydroxide solution.

In some preferred embodiments, the piston device is disposed within a central bore of a metal anode; the piston device mainly comprises a piston rod, a piston cylinder, a piston head and a piston ring; the piston ring is fixed on the side part of the piston head and is in sealing fit with the piston cylinder; the piston rod is provided with a clamping groove and is fixed on the top cover through a clamping ring.

The invention also provides a use method of the piston liquid injection type metal-air battery, which is characterized in that when the metal-air battery is used, the hole plug is pulled out, the snap ring is removed, the piston rod is pushed, the electrolyte is injected into a cavity formed by the metal anode and the air cathode, after the liquid injection is finished, the top of the piston rod falls on the top cover to be fixed, the hole plug is plugged, and the battery starts to work.

Advantageous effects

The piston liquid injection type metal-air battery is ingenious and compact in structural design, high in space utilization rate, portable and convenient, and the metal anode and a proper amount of electrolyte are preset in the structure to discharge at a reasonable position so as to isolate contact; when the device is used, the liquid is injected by utilizing the pressure of the piston, so that the electrolyte is released, and the metal anode is completely wrapped and contacted, thereby ensuring the complete reaction of the metal anode and avoiding the metal anode which does not participate in discharging from being in a self-corrosion state.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a piston-injected metal-air battery according to an embodiment of the present invention before injection;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a piston-injected metal-air battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

wherein: 1. a top cover; 2. a hole plug; 3. a negative electrode post; 4. a piston push rod; 5. a metal anode; 6. a positive pole column; 7. a snap ring; 8. a piston cylinder; 9. an air cathode; 10. a piston ring; 11. a base; 12. current collector

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the scope of the present invention.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "another embodiment," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

The embodiment of the invention provides a piston liquid injection type metal-air battery, which comprises an air cathode 9, a metal anode 5, a top cover 1, a base 11, a positive pole post 6, a negative pole post 3 and a piston device, as shown in figure 1.

Specifically, one side of the catalyst layer at the bottom end of the air cathode 9 is wound and adhered to the outer side surface of the step at the bottom of the base 11; the current collector 12 is fixed to the end face of the base 11, and the base 11 and the current collector 12 are connected and fixed by the positive electrode post 6.

Specifically, the electrolyte is stored in a piston cylinder 8 by utilizing a piston device, the piston device is fixed to the central step of the base, then a metal anode 5 is sleeved outside the piston device and fixed, and the bottom surface of the metal anode falls on the step of the base; an electrolyte channel is arranged inside the step of the base 11.

Specifically, one side of the catalyst layer at the upper end of the air cathode 9 is adhered to the outer side of the step of the top cover 1; connecting and fixing the cathode pole 3 with the metal anode 5 through the pole hole of the top cover 1; the vent hole of the top cover is blocked by a hole plug 2; the piston rod 4 is fixed to the top cover 1 by a snap ring 7.

In this embodiment, the metal anode material is selected from magnesium and magnesium alloy, zinc and zinc alloy, aluminum and aluminum alloy, and the current collector, the metal anode and the positive and negative pole connecting means include, but are not limited to, riveting, welding and bolting.

A piston-injected metal-air battery of an embodiment of the invention was used as follows:

(1) as shown in fig. 1, before use, the electrolyte is stored in a chamber formed by a piston rod 4 and a piston cylinder 8, the piston device is fixed inside a metal anode 5, the piston rod is fixed to a top cap by a snap ring 7, and a vent hole is closed by a plug 2.

(2) As shown in fig. 2, when the battery is used, the hole plug 2 is pulled out, the snap ring 7 is taken out, the piston rod 4 is pushed, the electrolyte is injected into the cavity between the metal anode 5 and the air cathode 9 under the action of pressure, after the liquid injection is completed, the top end of the piston rod 4 is fixed on the top cover 1, the vent hole is plugged, and the battery starts to work.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.